English Dictionary: set on | by the DICT Development Group |
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From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sadden \Sad"den\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Saddened}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Saddening}.] To make sad. Specifically: (a) To render heavy or cohesive. [Obs.] Marl is binding, and saddening of land is the great prejudice it doth to clay lands. --Mortimer. (b) To make dull- or sad-colored, as cloth. (c) To make grave or serious; to make melancholy or sorrowful. Her gloomy presence saddens all the scene. --Pope. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sadden \Sad"den\, v. i. To become, or be made, sad. --Tennyson. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Satan \Sa"tan\, n. [Heb. s[be]t[be]n an adversary, fr. s[be]tan to be adverse, to persecute: cf. Gr. [?], [?], L. Satan, Satanas.] The grand adversary of man; the Devil, or Prince of darkness; the chief of the fallen angels; the archfiend. I beheld Satan as lightning fall from heaven. --Luke x. 18. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sateen \Sat*een"\, n. [Cf. {Satin}.] A kind of dress goods made of cotton or woolen, with a glossy surface resembling satin. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Satin \Sat"in\, n. [F. satin (cf. Pg. setim), fr. It. setino, from seta silk, L. saeta, seta, a thick, stiff hair, a bristle; or possibly ultimately of Chinese origin; cf. Chin. sz-t[81]n, sz-twan. Cf. {Sateen}.] A silk cloth, of a thick, close texture, and overshot woof, which has a glossy surface. Cloths of gold and satins rich of hue. --Chaucer. {Denmark satin}, a kind of lasting; a stout worsted stuff, woven with a satin twill, used for women's shoes. {Farmer's satin}. See under {Farmer}. {Satin bird} (Zo[94]l.), an Australian bower bird. Called also {satin grackle}. {Satin flower} (Bot.) See {Honesty}, 4. {Satin spar}. (Min.) (a) A fine fibrous variety of calcite, having a pearly luster. (b) A similar variety of gypsum. {Satin sparrow} (Zo[94]l.), the shining flycatcher ({Myiagra nitida}) of Tasmania and Australia. The upper surface of the male is rich blackish green with a metallic luster. {Satin stone}, satin spar. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Satiny \Sat"in*y\, a. Like or composed of satin; glossy; as, to have a satiny appearance; a satiny texture. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sation \Sa"tion\, n. [L. satio, fr. serere, satum, to sow.] A sowing or planting. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Schiedam \Schie*dam"\, n. [Short for Schiedam schnapps.] Holland gin made at Schiedam in the Netherlands. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Scotomy \Scot"o*my\, n. [NL. scotomia, from Gr. [?] dizziness, fr. [?] to darken, fr. sko`tos darkness: cf. F. scotomie.] 1. Dizziness with dimness of sight. [Obs.] --Massinger. 2. (Med.) Obscuration of the field of vision due to the appearance of a dark spot before the eye. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Scythian \Scyth"i*an\, a. Of or pertaining to Scythia (a name given to the northern part of Asia, and Europe adjoining to Asia), or its language or inhabitants. {Scythian lamb}. (Bot.) See {Barometz}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Scythian \Scyth"i*an\, n. 1. A native or inhabitant of Scythia; specifically (Ethnol.), one of a Slavonic race which in early times occupied Eastern Europe. 2. The language of the Scythians. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Turanian \Tu*ra"ni*an\, a. [From Tur, the name, in Persian legendary history, of one of the three brothers from whom sprang the races of mankind.] Of, pertaining to, or designating, an extensive family of languages of simple structure and low grade (called also {Altaic}, {Ural-Altaic}, and {Scythian}), spoken in the northern parts of Europe and Asia and Central Asia; of pertaining to, or designating, the people who speak these languages. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sdan \Sdan\, v. & n. Disdain. [Obs.] --Spenser. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sedan \Se*dan"\, n. [Said to be named from Sedan, in France, where it was first made, and whence it was introduced into England in the time of King Charles I.] A portable chair or covered vehicle for carrying a single person, -- usually borne on poles by two men. Called also {sedan chair}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Seed \Seed\, n.; pl. {Seed} or {Seeds}. [OE. seed, sed, AS. s[?]d, fr. s[be]wan to sow; akin to D. zaad seed, G. saat, Icel. s[be][?], s[?][?]i, Goth. manas[?]ps seed of men. world. See {Sow} to scatter seed, and cf. {Colza}.] 1. (Bot.) (a) A ripened ovule, consisting of an embryo with one or more integuments, or coverings; as, an apple seed; a currant seed. By germination it produces a new plant. (b) Any small seedlike fruit, though it may consist of a pericarp, or even a calyx, as well as the seed proper; as, parsnip seed; thistle seed. And God said, Let the earth bring forth grass, the herb yielding seed, and the fruit tree yielding fruit after his kind, whose seed is in itself. --Gen. i. 11. Note: The seed proper has an outer and an inner coat, and within these the kernel or nucleus. The kernel is either the embryo alone, or the embryo inclosed in the albumen, which is the material for the nourishment of the developing embryo. The scar on a seed, left where the stem parted from it, is called the hilum, and the closed orifice of the ovule, the micropyle. 2. (Physiol.) The generative fluid of the male; semen; sperm; -- not used in the plural. 3. That from which anything springs; first principle; original; source; as, the seeds of virtue or vice. 4. The principle of production. Praise of great acts he scatters as a seed, Which may the like in coming ages breed. --Waller. 5. Progeny; offspring; children; descendants; as, the seed of Abraham; the seed of David. Note: In this sense the word is applied to one person, or to any number collectively, and admits of the plural form, though rarely used in the plural. 6. Race; generation; birth. Of mortal seed they were not held. --Waller. {Seed bag} (Artesian well), a packing to prevent percolation of water down the bore hole. It consists of a bag encircling the tubing and filled with flax seed, which swells when wet and fills the space between the tubing and the sides of the hole. {Seed bud} (Bot.), the germ or rudiment of the plant in the embryo state; the ovule. {Seed coat} (Bot.), the covering of a seed. {Seed corn}, [or] {Seed grain} (Bot.), corn or grain for seed. {Seed down} (Bot.), the soft hairs on certain seeds, as cotton seed. {Seed drill}. See 6th {Drill}, 2 (a) . {Seed eater} (Zo[94]l.), any finch of the genera {Sporophila}, and {Crithagra}. They feed mainly on seeds. {Seed gall} (Zo[94]l.), any gall which resembles a seed, formed, on the leaves of various plants, usually by some species of Phylloxera. {Seed leaf} (Bot.), a cotyledon. {Seed lobe} (Bot.), a cotyledon; a seed leaf. {Seed oil}, oil expressed from the seeds of plants. {Seed oyster}, a young oyster, especially when of a size suitable for transplantation to a new locality. {Seed pearl}, a small pearl of little value. {Seed plat}, [or] {Seed plot}, the ground on which seeds are sown, to produce plants for transplanting; a nursery. {Seed stalk} (Bot.), the stalk of an ovule or seed; a funicle. {Seed tick} (Zo[94]l.), one of several species of ticks resembling seeds in form and color. {Seed vessel} (Bot.), that part of a plant which contains the seeds; a pericarp. {Seed weevil} (Zo[94]l.), any one of numerous small weevels, especially those of the genus {Apion}, which live in the seeds of various plants. {Seed wool}, cotton wool not yet cleansed of its seeds. [Southern U.S.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Seedtime \Seed"time`\, n. [AS. s[?]d[c6]ma.] The season proper for sowing. While the earth remaineth, seedtime and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night, shall not cease. --Gen. viii. 22. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Setdown \Set"down`\, n. The humbling of a person by act or words, especially by a retort or a reproof; the retort or the reproof which has such effect. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Seten \Set"en\, obs. imp. pl. of {Sit}. Sat. --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sethen \Seth"en\, adv. & conj. See {Since}. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Setim \Se"tim\, n. See {Shittim}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Seton \Se"ton\, n. [F. s[82]ton (cf. It. setone), from L. seta a thick, stiff hair, a bristle.] (Med. & Far.) A few silk threads or horsehairs, or a strip of linen or the like, introduced beneath the skin by a knife or needle, so as to form an issue; also, the issue so formed. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
d8Shaitan \[d8]Shai"tan\, d8Sheitan \[d8]Shei"tan\, n. [Written also {sheytan}.] [Hind. shait[be]n, fr. Ar. shai[tsdot][be]n.] 1. Among Mohammedans: (a) An evil spirit; the evil one; the devil. (b) One of bad disposition; a fiend. [Colloq.] 2. (Meteor.) A dust storm. [India] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Shittim \Shit"tim\, Shittim wood \Shit"tim wood`\, n. The wood of the shittah tree. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Shoot \Shoot\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Shot}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Shooting}. The old participle {Shotten} is obsolete. See {Shotten}.] [OE. shotien, schotien, AS. scotian, v. i., sce[a2]tan; akin to D. schieten, G. schie[?]en, OHG. sciozan, Icel. skj[?]ta, Sw. skjuta, Dan. skyde; cf. Skr. skund to jump. [root]159. Cf. {Scot} a contribution, {Scout} to reject, {Scud}, {Scuttle}, v. i., {Shot}, {Sheet}, {Shut}, {Shuttle}, {Skittish}, {Skittles}.] 1. To let fly, or cause to be driven, with force, as an arrow or a bullet; -- followed by a word denoting the missile, as an object. If you please To shoot an arrow that self way. --Shak. 2. To discharge, causing a missile to be driven forth; -- followed by a word denoting the weapon or instrument, as an object; -- often with off; as, to shoot a gun. The two ends od a bow, shot off, fly from one another. --Boyle. 3. To strike with anything shot; to hit with a missile; often, to kill or wound with a firearm; -- followed by a word denoting the person or thing hit, as an object. When Roger shot the hawk hovering over his master's dove house. --A. Tucker. 4. To send out or forth, especially with a rapid or sudden motion; to cast with the hand; to hurl; to discharge; to emit. An honest weaver as ever shot shuttle. --Beau. & Fl. A pit into which the dead carts had nightly shot corpses by scores. --Macaulay. 5. To push or thrust forward; to project; to protrude; -- often with out; as, a plant shoots out a bud. They shoot out the lip, they shake the head. --Ps. xxii. 7. Beware the secret snake that shoots a sting. --Dryden. 6. (Carp.) To plane straight; to fit by planing. Two pieces of wood that are shot, that is, planed or else pared with a paring chisel. --Moxon. 7. To pass rapidly through, over, or under; as, to shoot a rapid or a bridge; to shoot a sand bar. She . . . shoots the Stygian sound. --Dryden. 8. To variegate as if by sprinkling or intermingling; to color in spots or patches. The tangled water courses slept, Shot over with purple, and green, and yellow. --Tennyson. {To be shot of}, to be discharged, cleared, or rid of. [Colloq.] [bd]Are you not glad to be shot of him?[b8] --Sir W. Scott. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Shotten \Shot"ten\, n. [Properly p. p. of shoot; AS. scoten, sceoten, p. p. of sce[a2]tan.] 1. Having ejected the spawn; as, a shotten herring. --Shak. 2. Shot out of its socket; dislocated, as a bone. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sithen \Sith"en\, adv. & conj. [See {Since}.] Since; afterwards. See 1st {Sith}. [Obs.] Fortune was first friend and sithen foe. --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sit \Sit\, v. i. [imp. {Sat}({Sate}, archaic); p. p. {Sat} ({Sitten}, obs.); p. pr. & vb. n. {Sitting}.] [OE. sitten, AS. sittan; akin to OS. sittian, OFries. sitta, D. zitten, G. sitzen, OHG. sizzen, Icel. sitja, SW. sitta, Dan. sidde, Goth. sitan, Russ. sidiete, L. sedere, Gr. [?][?][?], Skr. sad. [root]154. Cf. {Assess},{Assize}, {Cathedral}, {Chair}, {Dissident}, {Excise}, {Insidious}, {Possess}, {Reside}, {Sanhedrim}, {Seance}, {Seat}, n., {Sedate}, {4th Sell}, {Siege}, {Session}, {Set}, v. t., {Sizar}, {Size}, {Subsidy}.] 1. To rest upon the haunches, or the lower extremity of the trunk of the body; -- said of human beings, and sometimes of other animals; as, to sit on a sofa, on a chair, or on the ground. And he came and took the book put of the right hand of him that sate upon the seat. --Bible (1551) (Rev. v. 7.) I pray you, jest, sir, as you sit at dinner. --Shak. 2. To perch; to rest with the feet drawn up, as birds do on a branch, pole, etc. 3. To remain in a state of repose; to rest; to abide; to rest in any position or condition. And Moses said to . . . the children of Reuben, Shall your brothren go to war, and shall ye sit here? --Num. xxxii. 6. Like a demigod here sit I in the sky. --Shak. 4. To lie, rest, or bear; to press or weigh; -- with on; as, a weight or burden sits lightly upon him. The calamity sits heavy on us. --Jer. Taylor. 5. To be adjusted; to fit; as, a coat sts well or ill. This new and gorgeous garment, majesty, Sits not so easy on me as you think. --Shak. 6. To suit one well or ill, as an act; to become; to befit; -- used impersonally. [Obs.] --Chaucer. 7. To cover and warm eggs for hatching, as a fowl; to brood; to incubate. As the partridge sitteth on eggs, and hatcheth them not. --Jer. xvii. 11. 8. To have position, as at the point blown from; to hold a relative position; to have direction. Like a good miller that knows how to grind, which way soever the wind sits. --Selden. Sits the wind in that quarter? --Sir W. Scott. 9. To occupy a place or seat as a member of an official body; as, to sit in Congress. 10. To hold a session; to be in session for official business; -- said of legislative assemblies, courts, etc.; as, the court sits in January; the aldermen sit to-night. 11. To take a position for the purpose of having some artistic representation of one's self made, as a picture or a bust; as, to sit to a painter. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sitten \Sit"ten\, obs. p. p. of {Sit}, for sat. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sittine \Sit"tine\, a. [NL. sitta the nuthatch, from Gr. [?][?][?].] (Zo[94]l.) Of or pertaining to the family {Sittid[91]}, or nuthatches. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Skaddon \Skad"don\, n. (Zo[94]l.) The larva of a bee. [Prov. Eng.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
A week or so will probably reconcile us. --Gay. Note: See the Note under {Ill}, adv. {So} . . . {as}. So is now commonly used as a demonstrative correlative of as when it is the puprpose to emphasize the equality or comparison suggested, esp. in negative assertions, and questions implying a negative answer. By Shakespeare and others so . . . as was much used where as . . . as is now common. See the Note under {As}, 1. So do, as thou hast said. --Gen. xviii. 5. As a flower of the field, so he flourisheth. --Ps. ciii. 15. Had woman been so strong as men. --Shak. No country suffered so much as England. --Macaulay. {So far}, to that point or extent; in that particular. [bd]The song was moral, and so far was right.[b8] --Cowper. {So far forth}, as far; to such a degree. --Shak. --Bacon. {So forth}, further in the same or similar manner; more of the same or a similar kind. See {And so forth}, under {And}. {So, so}, well, well. [bd]So, so, it works; now, mistress, sit you fast.[b8] --Dryden. Also, moderately or tolerably well; passably; as, he succeeded but so so. [bd]His leg is but so so.[b8] --Shak. {So that}, to the end that; in order that; with the effect or result that. {So then}, thus then it is; therefore; the consequence is. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Seethe \Seethe\, v. t. [imp. {Seethed}({Sod}, obs.); p. p. {Seethed}, {Sodden}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Seething}.] [OE. sethen, AS. se[a2][?]an; akin to D. sieden, OHG. siodan, G. sieden, Icel. sj[?][?]a, Sw. sjuda, Dan. syde, Goth. saubs a burnt offering. Cf. {Sod}, n., {Sodden}, {Suds}.] To decoct or prepare for food in hot liquid; to boil; as, to seethe flesh. [Written also {seeth}.] Set on the great pot, and seethe pottage for the sons of the prophets. --2 Kings iv. 38. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sod \Sod\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Sodden}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Sodding}.] To cover with sod; to turf. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sodden \Sod"den\, a. [p. p. of {Seethe}.] Boiled; seethed; also, soaked; heavy with moisture; saturated; as, sodden beef; sodden bread; sodden fields. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sodden \Sod"den\, v. i. To be seethed; to become sodden. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sodden \Sod"den\, v. t. To soak; to make heavy with water. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sodium \So"di*um\, n. [NL., fr.E. soda.] (Chem.) A common metallic element of the alkali group, in nature always occuring combined, as in common salt, in albite, etc. It is isolated as a soft, waxy, white, unstable metal, so readily oxidized that it combines violently with water, and to be preserved must be kept under petroleum or some similar liquid. Sodium is used combined in many salts, in the free state as a reducer, and as a means of obtaining other metals (as magnesium and aluminium) is an important commercial product. Symbol Na (Natrium). Atomic weight 23. Specific gravity 0.97. {Sodium amalgam}, an alloy of sodium and mercury, usually produced as a gray metallic crystalline substance, which is used as a reducing agent, and otherwise. {Sodium bicarbonate}, a white crystalline substance, {HNaCO3}, with a slight alkaline taste resembling that of sodium carbonate. It is found in many mineral springs and also produced artificially,. It is used in cookery, in baking powders, and as a source of carbonic acid gas (carbon dioxide) for soda water. Called also {cooking soda}, {saleratus}, and technically, {acid sodium carbonate}, {primary sodium carbonate}, {sodium dicarbonate}, etc. {Sodium carbonate}, a white crystalline substance, {Na2CO3.10H2O}, having a cooling alkaline taste, found in the ashes of many plants, and produced artifically in large quantities from common salt. It is used in making soap, glass, paper, etc., and as alkaline agent in many chemical industries. Called also {sal soda}, {washing soda}, or {soda}. Cf. {Sodium bicarbonate}, above and {Trona}. {Sodium chloride}, common, or table, salt, {NaCl}. {Sodium hydroxide}, a white opaque brittle solid, {NaOH}, having a fibrous structure, produced by the action of quicklime, or of calcium hydrate (milk of lime), on sodium carbonate. It is a strong alkali, and is used in the manufacture of soap, in making wood pulp for paper, etc. Called also {sodium hydrate}, and {caustic soda}. By extension, a solution of sodium hydroxide. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sodomy \Sod"om*y\, n. [From Sodom. a country mentioned in the Bible: cf. F. sodomite.] Carnal copulation in a manner against nature; buggery. --Gen. xix. 5. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Soudan \Sou*dan"\, n.[F.] A sultan. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sowdan \Sow"dan\, n. [F. soudan. See {Soldan}.] Sultan. [Obs.] --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Mermaid \Mer"maid\, n. [AS. mere lake, sea. See {Mere} lake, and {maid}.] A fabled marine creature, typically represented as having the upper part like that of a woman, and the lower like a fish; a sea nymph, sea woman, or woman fish. Note: Chaucer uses this word as equivalent to the siren of the ancients. {Mermaid fish} (Zo[94]l.) the angel fish ({Squatina}). {Mermaid's glove} (Zo[94]l.), a British branched sponge somewhat resembling a glove. {Mermaid's head} (Zo[94]l.), a European spatangoid sea urchin ({Echinocardium cordatum}) having some resemblance to a skull. {Mermaid weed} (Bot.), an aquatic herb with dentate or pectinate leaves ({Proserpinaca palustris} and {P. pectinacea}). | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stain \Stain\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Stained}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Staining}.] [Abbrev. fr. distain.] 1. To discolor by the application of foreign matter; to make foul; to spot; as, to stain the hand with dye; armor stained with blood. 2. To color, as wood, glass, paper, cloth, or the like, by processess affecting, chemically or otherwise, the material itself; to tinge with a color or colors combining with, or penetrating, the substance; to dye; as, to stain wood with acids, colored washes, paint rubbed in, etc.; to stain glass. 3. To spot with guilt or infamy; to bring reproach on; to blot; to soil; to tarnish. Of honor void, Of innocence, of faith, of purity, Our wonted ornaments now soiled and stained. --Milton. 4. To cause to seem inferior or soiled by comparison. She stains the ripest virgins of her age. --Beau. & Fl. That did all other beasts in beauty stain. --Spenser. {Stained glass}, glass colored or stained by certain metallic pigments fused into its substance, -- often used for making ornament windows. Syn: To paint; dye; blot; soil; sully; discolor; disgrace; taint. Usage: {Paint}, {Stain}, {Dye}. These denote three different processes; the first mechanical, the other two, chiefly chemical. To paint a thing is so spread a coat of coloring matter over it; to stain or dye a thing is to impart color to its substance. To stain is said chiefly of solids, as wood, glass, paper; to dye, of fibrous substances, textile fabrics, etc.; the one, commonly, a simple process, as applying a wash; the other more complex, as fixing colors by mordants. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stain \Stain\, v. i. To give or receive a stain; to grow dim. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stain \Stain\, n. 1. A discoloration by foreign matter; a spot; as, a stain on a garment or cloth. --Shak. 2. A natural spot of a color different from the gound. Swift trouts, diversified with crimson stains. --Pope. 3. Taint of guilt; tarnish; disgrace; reproach. Nor death itself can wholly wash their stains. --Dryden. Our opinion . . . is, I trust, without any blemish or stain of heresy. --Hooker. 4. Cause of reproach; shame. --Sir P. Sidney. 5. A tincture; a tinge. [R.] You have some stain of soldier in you. --Shak. Syn: Blot; spot; taint; pollution; blemish; tarnish; color; disgrace; infamy; shame. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stane \Stane\, n. A stone. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stanno- \Stan"no-\ [L. stannum tin.] (Chem.) A combining form (also used adjectively) denoting relation to, or connection with, tin, or including tin as an ingredient. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Steam \Steam\, n. [OE. stem, steem, vapor, flame, AS. ste[a0]m vapor, smoke, odor; akin to D. stoom steam, perhaps originally, a pillar, or something rising like a pillar; cf. Gr. [?] to erect, [?] a pillar, and E. stand.] 1. The elastic, a[89]riform fluid into which water is converted when heated to the boiling points; water in the state of vapor. 2. The mist formed by condensed vapor; visible vapor; -- so called in popular usage. 3. Any exhalation. [bd]A steam og rich, distilled perfumes.[b8] --Milton. {Dry steam}, steam which does not contain water held in suspension mechanically; -- sometimes applied to superheated steam. {Exhaust steam}. See under {Exhaust}. {High steam}, [or] {High-pressure steam}, steam of which the pressure greatly exceeds that of the atmosphere. {Low steam}, [or] {Low-pressure steam}, steam of which the pressure is less than, equal to, or not greatly above, that of the atmosphere. {Saturated steam}, steam at the temperature of the boiling point which corresponds to its pressure; -- sometimes also applied to {wet steam}. {Superheated steam}, steam heated to a temperature higher than the boiling point corresponding to its pressure. It can not exist in contact with water, nor contain water, and resembles a perfect gas; -- called also {surcharged steam}, {anhydrous steam}, and {steam gas}. {Wet steam}, steam which contains water held in suspension mechanically; -- called also {misty steam}. Note: Steam is often used adjectively, and in combination, to denote, produced by heat, or operated by power, derived from steam, in distinction from other sources of power; as in steam boiler or steam-boiler, steam dredger or steam-dredger, steam engine or steam-engine, steam heat, steam plow or steam-plow, etc. {Steam blower}. (a) A blower for producing a draught consisting of a jet or jets of steam in a chimney or under a fire. (b) A fan blower driven directly by a steam engine. {Steam boiler}, a boiler for producing steam. See {Boiler}, 3, and Note. In the illustration, the shell a of the boiler is partly in section, showing the tubes, or flues, which the hot gases, from the fire beneath the boiler, enter, after traversing the outside of the shell, and through which the gases are led to the smoke pipe d, which delivers them to the chimney; b is the manhole; c the dome; e the steam pipe; f the feed and blow-off pipe; g the safety value; hthe water gauge. {Steam car}, a car driven by steam power, or drawn by a locomotive. {Steam carriage}, a carriage upon wheels moved on common roads by steam. {Steam casing}. See {Steam jacket}, under {Jacket}. {Steam chest}, the box or chamber from which steam is distributed to the cylinder of a steam engine, steam pump, etc., and which usually contains one or more values; -- called also {valve chest}, and {valve box}. See Illust. of {Slide valve}, under {Slide}. {Steam chimney}, an annular chamber around the chimney of a boiler furnace, for drying steam. {Steam coil}, a coil of pipe, or collection of connected pipes, for containing steam; -- used for heating, drying, etc. {Steam colors} (Calico Printing), colors in which the chemical reaction fixed the coloring matter in the fiber is produced by steam. {Steam cylinder}, the cylinder of a steam engine, which contains the piston. See Illust. of {Slide valve}, under {Slide}. {Steam dome} (Steam Boilers), a chamber upon the top of the boiler, from which steam is conduced to the engine. See Illust. of Steam boiler, above. {Steam fire engine}, a fire engine consisting of a steam boiler and engine, and pump which is driven by the engine, combined and mounted on wheels. It is usually drawn by horses, but is sometimes made self-propelling. {Steam fitter}, a fitter of steam pipes. {Steam fitting}, the act or the occupation of a steam fitter; also, a pipe fitting for steam pipes. {Steam gas}. See {Superheated steam}, above. {Steam gauge}, an instrument for indicating the pressure of the steam in a boiler. The {mercurial steam gauge} is a bent tube partially filled with mercury, one end of which is connected with the boiler while the other is open to the air, so that the steam by its pressure raises the mercury in the long limb of the tume to a height proportioned to that pressure. A more common form, especially for high pressures, consists of a spring pressed upon by the steam, and connected with the pointer of a dial. The spring may be a flattened, bent tube, closed at one end, which the entering steam tends to straighten, or it may be a diaphragm of elastic metal, or a mass of confined air, etc. {Steam gun}, a machine or contrivance from which projectiles may be thrown by the elastic force of steam. {Steam hammer}, a hammer for forging, which is worked directly by steam; especially, a hammer which is guided vertically and operated by a vertical steam cylinder located directly over an anvil. In the variety known as Nasmyth's, the cylinder is fixed, and the hammer is attached to the piston rod. In that known as Condie's, the piston is fixed, and the hammer attached to the lower end of the cylinder. {Steam heater}. (a) A radiator heated by steam. (b) An apparatus consisting of a steam boiler, radiator, piping, and fixures for warming a house by steam. {Steam jacket}. See under {Jacket}. {Steam packet}, a packet or vessel propelled by steam, and running periodically between certain ports. {Steam pipe}, any pipe for conveying steam; specifically, a pipe through which steam is supplied to an engine. {Steam plow} [or] {plough}, a plow, or gang of plows, moved by a steam engine. {Steam port}, an opening for steam to pass through, as from the steam chest into the cylinder. {Steam power}, the force or energy of steam applied to produce results; power derived from a steam engine. {Steam propeller}. See {Propeller}. {Steam pump}, a small pumping engine operated by steam. It is usually direct-acting. {Steam room} (Steam Boilers), the space in the boiler above the water level, and in the dome, which contains steam. {Steam table}, a table on which are dishes heated by steam for keeping food warm in the carving room of a hotel, restaurant, etc. {Steam trap}, a self-acting device by means of which water that accumulates in a pipe or vessel containing steam will be discharged without permitting steam to escape. {Steam tug}, a steam vessel used in towing or propelling ships. {Steam vessel}, a vessel propelled by steam; a steamboat or steamship; -- a steamer. {Steam whistle}, an apparatus attached to a steam boiler, as of a locomotive, through which steam is rapidly discharged, producing a loud whistle which serves as a warning signal. The steam issues from a narrow annular orifice around the upper edge of the lower cup or hemisphere, striking the thin edge of the bell above it, and producing sound in the manner of an organ pipe or a common whistle. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Steam \Steam\, v. t. 1. To exhale. [Obs.] --Spenser. 2. To expose to the action of steam; to apply steam to for softening, dressing, or preparing; as, to steam wood; to steamcloth; to steam food, etc. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Steam \Steam\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Steamed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Steaming}.] 1. To emit steam or vapor. My brother's ghost hangs hovering there, O'er his warm blood, that steams into the air. --Dryden. Let the crude humors dance In heated brass, steaming with fire intence. --J. Philips. 2. To rise in vapor; to issue, or pass off, as vapor. The dissolved amber . . . steamed away into the air. --Boyle. 3. To move or travel by the agency of steam. The vessel steamed out of port. --N. P. Willis. 4. To generate steam; as, the boiler steams well. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Steamy \Steam"y\, a. Consisting of, or resembling, steam; full of steam; vaporous; misty. --Cowper. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stean \Stean\, n. & v. See {Steen}. --Spenser. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Steen \Steen\, n. [AS. st[?]na. See {Stone}.] [Written also {stean}.] 1. A vessel of clay or stone. [bd]An huge great earth-pot steane.[b8] --Spenser. 2. A wall of brick, stone, or cement, used as a lining, as of a well, cistern, etc.; a steening. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Steen \Steen\, v. t. [AS. st[?]nan to adorn with stones or gems. See {Stone}.] To line, as a well, with brick, stone, or other hard material. [Written also {stean}, and {stein}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stean \Stean\, n. & v. See {Steen}. --Spenser. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Steen \Steen\, n. [AS. st[?]na. See {Stone}.] [Written also {stean}.] 1. A vessel of clay or stone. [bd]An huge great earth-pot steane.[b8] --Spenser. 2. A wall of brick, stone, or cement, used as a lining, as of a well, cistern, etc.; a steening. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Steen \Steen\, v. t. [AS. st[?]nan to adorn with stones or gems. See {Stone}.] To line, as a well, with brick, stone, or other hard material. [Written also {stean}, and {stein}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Steem \Steem\, n. & v. See {Esteem}. [Obs.] --Spenser. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Steem \Steem\, n. & v. See 1st and 2nd {Stem}. [Obs.] --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stem \Stem\, Steem \Steem\, v. i. To gleam. [Obs.] His head bald, that shone as any glass, . . . [And] stemed as a furnace of a leed [caldron]. --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stem \Stem\, Steem \Steem\, n. A gleam of light; flame. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Steen \Steen\, n. [AS. st[?]na. See {Stone}.] [Written also {stean}.] 1. A vessel of clay or stone. [bd]An huge great earth-pot steane.[b8] --Spenser. 2. A wall of brick, stone, or cement, used as a lining, as of a well, cistern, etc.; a steening. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Steen \Steen\, v. t. [AS. st[?]nan to adorn with stones or gems. See {Stone}.] To line, as a well, with brick, stone, or other hard material. [Written also {stean}, and {stein}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Steen \Steen\, v. t. [AS. st[?]nan to adorn with stones or gems. See {Stone}.] To line, as a well, with brick, stone, or other hard material. [Written also {stean}, and {stein}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stein \Stein\, n. & v. See {Steen}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Steen \Steen\, v. t. [AS. st[?]nan to adorn with stones or gems. See {Stone}.] To line, as a well, with brick, stone, or other hard material. [Written also {stean}, and {stein}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stein \Stein\, n. & v. See {Steen}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stem \Stem\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Stemmed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Stemming}.] [Either from stem, n., or akin to stammer; cf. G. stemmen to press against.] To oppose or cut with, or as with, the stem of a vessel; to resist, or make progress against; to stop or check the flow of, as a current. [bd]An argosy to stem the waves.[b8] --Shak. [They] stem the flood with their erected breasts. --Denham. Stemmed the wild torrent of a barbarous age. --Pope. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stem \Stem\, v. i. To move forward against an obstacle, as a vessel against a current. Stemming nightly toward the pole. --Milton. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stem \Stem\, Steem \Steem\, v. i. To gleam. [Obs.] His head bald, that shone as any glass, . . . [And] stemed as a furnace of a leed [caldron]. --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stem \Stem\, Steem \Steem\, n. A gleam of light; flame. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stem \Stem\, n. [AS. stemn, stefn, st[91]fn; akin to OS. stamn the stem of a ship, D. stam stem, steven stem of a ship, G. stamm stem, steven stem of a ship, Icel. stafn, stamn, stem of a ship, stofn, stomn, stem, Sw. stam a tree trunk, Dan. stamme. Cf. {Staff}, {Stand}.] 1. The principal body of a tree, shrub, or plant, of any kind; the main stock; the part which supports the branches or the head or top. After they are shot up thirty feet in length, they spread a very large top, having no bough nor twig in the trunk or the stem. --Sir W. Raleigh. The lowering spring, with lavish rain, Beats down the slender stem and breaded grain. --Dryden. 2. A little branch which connects a fruit, flower, or leaf with a main branch; a peduncle, pedicel, or petiole; as, the stem of an apple or a cherry. 3. The stock of a family; a race or generation of progenitors. [bd]All that are of noble stem.[b8] --Milton. While I do pray, learn here thy stem And true descent. --Herbert. 4. A branch of a family. This is a stem Of that victorious stock. --Shak. 5. (Naut.) A curved piece of timber to which the two sides of a ship are united at the fore end. The lower end of it is scarfed to the keel, and the bowsprit rests upon its upper end. Hence, the forward part of a vessel; the bow. 6. Fig.: An advanced or leading position; the lookout. Wolsey sat at the stem more than twenty years. --Fuller. 7. Anything resembling a stem or stalk; as, the stem of a tobacco pipe; the stem of a watch case, or that part to which the ring, by which it is suspended, is attached. 8. (Bot.) That part of a plant which bears leaves, or rudiments of leaves, whether rising above ground or wholly subterranean. 9. (Zo[94]l.) (a) The entire central axis of a feather. (b) The basal portion of the body of one of the Pennatulacea, or of a gorgonian. 10. (Mus.) The short perpendicular line added to the body of a note; the tail of a crotchet, quaver, semiquaver, etc. 11. (Gram.) The part of an inflected word which remains unchanged (except by euphonic variations) throughout a given inflection; theme; base. {From stem to stern} (Naut.), from one end of the ship to the other, or through the whole length. {Stem leaf} (Bot.), a leaf growing from the stem of a plant, as contrasted with a basal or radical leaf. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stem \Stem\, v. t. 1. To remove the stem or stems from; as, to stem cherries; to remove the stem and its appendages (ribs and veins) from; as, to stem tobacco leaves. 2. To ram, as clay, into a blasting hole. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stemmy \Stem"my\, a. Abounding in stems, or mixed with stems; -- said of tea, dried currants, etc. [Colloq.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stian \Sti"an\, n. A sty on the eye. See {Styan}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stime \Stime\, n. [Etymology uncertain.] A slight gleam or glimmer; a glimpse. [Prov. Eng.] --Halliwell. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stimey \Sti"mey\, Stimie \Sti"mie\, n. & v. t. See {Stymie}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stimey \Sti"mey\, Stimie \Sti"mie\, n. & v. t. See {Stymie}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stymie \Sty"mie\, n. Also Stimy \Sti"my\ . [Orig. uncertain.] (Golf) The position of two balls on the putting green such that, being more than six inches apart, one ball lies directly between the other and the hole at which the latter must be played; also, the act of bringing the balls into this position. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stymie \Sty"mie\, v. t. Also Stimy \Sti"my\ . (Golf) To bring into the position of, or impede by, a stymie. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stone \Stone\, n. [OE. ston, stan, AS. st[be]n; akin to OS. & OFries. st[c7]n, D. steen, G. stein, Icel. steinn, Sw. sten, Dan. steen, Goth. stains, Russ. stiena a wall, Gr. [?], [?], a pebble. [fb]167. Cf. {Steen}.] 1. Concreted earthy or mineral matter; also, any particular mass of such matter; as, a house built of stone; the boy threw a stone; pebbles are rounded stones. [bd]Dumb as a stone.[b8] --Chaucer. They had brick for stone, and slime . . . for mortar. --Gen. xi. 3. Note: In popular language, very large masses of stone are called rocks; small masses are called stones; and the finer kinds, gravel, or sand, or grains of sand. Stone is much and widely used in the construction of buildings of all kinds, for walls, fences, piers, abutments, arches, monuments, sculpture, and the like. 2. A precious stone; a gem. [bd]Many a rich stone.[b8] --Chaucer. [bd]Inestimable stones, unvalued jewels.[b8] --Shak. 3. Something made of stone. Specifically: (a) The glass of a mirror; a mirror. [Obs.] Lend me a looking-glass; If that her breath will mist or stain the stone, Why, then she lives. --Shak. (b) A monument to the dead; a gravestone. --Gray. Should some relenting eye Glance on the where our cold relics lie. --Pope. 4. (Med.) A calculous concretion, especially one in the kidneys or bladder; the disease arising from a calculus. 5. One of the testes; a testicle. --Shak. 6. (Bot.) The hard endocarp of drupes; as, the stone of a cherry or peach. See Illust. of {Endocarp}. 7. A weight which legally is fourteen pounds, but in practice varies with the article weighed. [Eng.] Note: The stone of butchers' meat or fish is reckoned at 8 lbs.; of cheese, 16 lbs.; of hemp, 32 lbs.; of glass, 5 lbs. 8. Fig.: Symbol of hardness and insensibility; torpidness; insensibility; as, a heart of stone. I have not yet forgot myself to stone. --Pope. 9. (Print.) A stand or table with a smooth, flat top of stone, commonly marble, on which to arrange the pages of a book, newspaper, etc., before printing; -- called also {imposing stone}. Note: Stone is used adjectively or in composition with other words to denote made of stone, containing a stone or stones, employed on stone, or, more generally, of or pertaining to stone or stones; as, stone fruit, or stone-fruit; stone-hammer, or stone hammer; stone falcon, or stone-falcon. Compounded with some adjectives it denotes a degree of the quality expressed by the adjective equal to that possessed by a stone; as, stone-dead, stone-blind, stone-cold, stone-still, etc. {Atlantic stone}, ivory. [Obs.] [bd]Citron tables, or Atlantic stone.[b8] --Milton. {Bowing stone}. Same as {Cromlech}. --Encyc. Brit. {Meteoric stones}, stones which fall from the atmosphere, as after the explosion of a meteor. {Philosopher's stone}. See under {Philosopher}. {Rocking stone}. See {Rocking-stone}. {Stone age}, a supposed prehistoric age of the world when stone and bone were habitually used as the materials for weapons and tools; -- called also {flint age}. The {bronze age} succeeded to this. {Stone bass} (Zo[94]l.), any one of several species of marine food fishes of the genus {Serranus} and allied genera, as {Serranus Couchii}, and {Polyprion cernium} of Europe; -- called also {sea perch}. {Stone biter} (Zo[94]l.), the wolf fish. {Stone boiling}, a method of boiling water or milk by dropping hot stones into it, -- in use among savages. --Tylor. {Stone borer} (Zo[94]l.), any animal that bores stones; especially, one of certain bivalve mollusks which burrow in limestone. See {Lithodomus}, and {Saxicava}. {Stone bramble} (Bot.), a European trailing species of bramble ({Rubus saxatilis}). {Stone-break}. [Cf. G. steinbrech.] (Bot.) Any plant of the genus {Saxifraga}; saxifrage. {Stone bruise}, a sore spot on the bottom of the foot, from a bruise by a stone. {Stone canal}. (Zo[94]l.) Same as {Sand canal}, under {Sand}. {Stone cat} (Zo[94]l.), any one of several species of small fresh-water North American catfishes of the genus {Noturus}. They have sharp pectoral spines with which they inflict painful wounds. {Stone coal}, hard coal; mineral coal; anthracite coal. {Stone coral} (Zo[94]l.), any hard calcareous coral. {Stone crab}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) A large crab ({Menippe mercenaria}) found on the southern coast of the United States and much used as food. (b) A European spider crab ({Lithodes maia}). {Stone crawfish} (Zo[94]l.), a European crawfish ({Astacus torrentium}), by many writers considered only a variety of the common species ({A. fluviatilis}). {Stone curlew}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) A large plover found in Europe ({Edicnemus crepitans}). It frequents stony places. Called also {thick-kneed plover} or {bustard}, and {thick-knee}. (b) The whimbrel. [Prov. Eng.] (c) The willet. [Local, U.S.] {Stone crush}. Same as {Stone bruise}, above. {Stone eater}. (Zo[94]l.) Same as {Stone borer}, above. {Stone falcon} (Zo[94]l.), the merlin. {Stone fern} (Bot.), a European fern ({Asplenium Ceterach}) which grows on rocks and walls. {Stone fly} (Zo[94]l.), any one of many species of pseudoneuropterous insects of the genus {Perla} and allied genera; a perlid. They are often used by anglers for bait. The larv[91] are aquatic. {Stone fruit} (Bot.), any fruit with a stony endocarp; a drupe, as a peach, plum, or cherry. {Stone grig} (Zo[94]l.), the mud lamprey, or pride. {Stone hammer}, a hammer formed with a face at one end, and a thick, blunt edge, parallel with the handle, at the other, -- used for breaking stone. {Stone hawk} (Zo[94]l.), the merlin; -- so called from its habit of sitting on bare stones. {Stone jar}, a jar made of stoneware. {Stone lily} (Paleon.), a fossil crinoid. {Stone lugger}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Stone roller}, below. {Stone marten} (Zo[94]l.), a European marten ({Mustela foina}) allied to the pine marten, but having a white throat; -- called also {beech marten}. {Stone mason}, a mason who works or builds in stone. {Stone-mortar} (Mil.), a kind of large mortar formerly used in sieges for throwing a mass of small stones short distances. {Stone oil}, rock oil, petroleum. {Stone parsley} (Bot.), an umbelliferous plant ({Seseli Labanotis}). See under {Parsley}. {Stone pine}. (Bot.) A nut pine. See the Note under {Pine}, and {Pi[a4]on}. {Stone pit}, a quarry where stones are dug. {Stone pitch}, hard, inspissated pitch. {Stone plover}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) The European stone curlew. (b) Any one of several species of Asiatic plovers of the genus {Esacus}; as, the large stone plover ({E. recurvirostris}). (c) The gray or black-bellied plover. [Prov. Eng.] (d) The ringed plover. (e) The bar-tailed godwit. [Prov. Eng.] Also applied to other species of limicoline birds. {Stone roller}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) An American fresh-water fish ({Catostomus nigricans}) of the Sucker family. Its color is yellowish olive, often with dark blotches. Called also {stone lugger}, {stone toter}, {hog sucker}, {hog mullet}. (b) A common American cyprinoid fish ({Campostoma anomalum}); -- called also {stone lugger}. {Stone's cast}, [or] {Stone's throw}, the distance to which a stone may be thrown by the hand. {Stone snipe} (Zo[94]l.), the greater yellowlegs, or tattler. [Local, U.S.] {Stone toter}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) See {Stone roller} (a), above. (b) A cyprinoid fish ({Exoglossum maxillingua}) found in the rivers from Virginia to New York. It has a three-lobed lower lip; -- called also {cutlips}. {To leave no stone unturned}, to do everything that can be done; to use all practicable means to effect an object. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stone \Stone\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Stoned}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Stoning}.] [From {Stone}, n.: cf. AS. st[?]nan, Goth. stainjan.] 1. To pelt, beat, or kill with stones. And they stoned Stephen, calling upon God, and saying, Lord Jesus, receive my spirit. --Acts vii. 59. 2. To make like stone; to harden. O perjured woman! thou dost stone my heart. --Shak. 3. To free from stones; also, to remove the seeds of; as, to stone a field; to stone cherries; to stone raisins. 4. To wall or face with stones; to line or fortify with stones; as, to stone a well; to stone a cellar. 5. To rub, scour, or sharpen with a stone. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Perch \Perch\ (p[etil]rch), n. [Written also {pearch}.] [OE. perche, F. perche, L. perca, fr. Gr. pe`rkh; cf. perkno`s dark-colored, Skr. p[rsdot][cced]ni spotted, speckled, and E. freckle.] (Zo[94]l.) 1. Any fresh-water fish of the genus Perca and of several other allied genera of the family {Percid[91]}, as the common American or yellow perch ({Perca flavescens, [or] Americana}), and the European perch ({P. fluviatilis}). 2. Any one of numerous species of spiny-finned fishes belonging to the {Percid[91]}, {Serranid[91]}, and related families, and resembling, more or less, the true perches. {Black perch}. (a) The black bass. (b) The flasher. (c) The sea bass. {Blue perch}, the cunner. {Gray perch}, the fresh-water drum. {Red perch}, the rosefish. {Red-bellied perch}, the long-eared pondfish. {Perch pest}, a small crustacean, parasitic in the mouth of the perch. {Silver perch}, the yellowtail. {Stone}, [or] {Striped}, {perch}, the pope. {White perch}, the {Roccus, [or] Morone, Americanus}, a small silvery serranoid market fish of the Atlantic coast. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stony \Ston"y\, a. [Compar. {Stonier}; superl. {Stoniest}.] [AS. st[be]nig. See {Stone}.] 1. Of or pertaining to stone, consisting of, or abounding in, stone or stones; resembling stone; hard; as, a stony tower; a stony cave; stony ground; a stony crust. 2. Converting into stone; petrifying; petrific. The stony dart of senseless cold. --Spenser. 3. Inflexible; cruel; unrelenting; pitiless; obdurate; perverse; cold; morally hard; appearing as if petrified; as, a stony heart; a stony gaze. {Stony coral}. (Zo[94]l.) Same as {Stone coral}, under {Stone}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stoom \Stoom\, v. t. [D. stommen to adulterate, to drug (wine). [fb]163. Cf. {Stum}.] To stum. [R.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stum \Stum\, n. [D. stom must, new wort, properly, dumb; cf. F. vin muet stum. Cf. {Stammer}, {Stoom}.] 1. Unfermented grape juice or wine, often used to raise fermentation in dead or vapid wines; must. Let our wines, without mixture of stum, be all fine. --B. Jonson. And with thy stum ferment their fainting cause. --Dryden. 2. Wine revived by new fermentation, reulting from the admixture of must. --Hudibras. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stum \Stum\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Stummed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Stumming}.] To renew, as wine, by mixing must with it and raising a new fermentation. We stum our wines to renew their spirits. --Floyer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stun \Stun\, n. The condition of being stunned. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stun \Stun\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Stunned}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Stunning}.] [OE. stonien, stownien; either fr. AS. stunian to resound (cf. D. stenen to groan, G. st[94]hnen, Icel. stynja, Gr. [?], Skr. stan to thunder, and E. thunder), or from the same source as E. astonish. [fb]168.] 1. To make senseless or dizzy by violence; to render senseless by a blow, as on the head. One hung a poleax at his saddlebow, And one a heavy mace to stun the foe. --Dryden. 2. To dull or deaden the sensibility of; to overcome; especially, to overpower one's sense of hearing. And stunned him with the music of the spheres. --Pope. 3. To astonish; to overpower; to bewilder. William was quite stunned at my discourse. --De Foe. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Styan \Sty"an\, n. See {Sty}, a boil. [R.] --De quincey. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stymie \Sty"mie\, n. Also Stimy \Sti"my\ . [Orig. uncertain.] (Golf) The position of two balls on the putting green such that, being more than six inches apart, one ball lies directly between the other and the hole at which the latter must be played; also, the act of bringing the balls into this position. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stymie \Sty"mie\, v. t. Also Stimy \Sti"my\ . (Golf) To bring into the position of, or impede by, a stymie. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sudden \Sud"den\, adv. Suddenly; unexpectedly. [R.] Herbs of every leaf that sudden flowered. --Milton. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sudden \Sud"den\, n. An unexpected occurrence; a surprise. {All of a sudden}, {On a sudden}, {Of a sudden}, sooner than was expected; without the usual preparation; suddenly. How art thou lost! how on a sudden lost! --Milton. He withdrew his opposition all of a sudden. --Thackeray. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sudden \Sud"den\, a. [OE. sodian, sodein, OF. sodain, sudain, F. soudain, L. subitaneus, fr. subitus sudden, that has come unexpectedly, p. p. of subire to come on, to steal upon; sub under, secretly + ire to go. See {Issue}, and cf. {Subitaneous}.] 1. Happening without previous notice or with very brief notice; coming unexpectedly, or without the common preparation; immediate; instant; speedy. [bd]O sudden wo![b8] --Chaucer. [bd]For fear of sudden death.[b8] --Shak. Sudden fear troubleth thee. --Job xxii. 10. 2. Hastly prepared or employed; quick; rapid. Never was such a sudden scholar made. --Shak. The apples of Asphaltis, appearing goodly to the sudden eye. --Milton. 3. Hasty; violent; rash; precipitate. [Obs.] --Shak. Syn: Unexpected; unusual; abrupt; unlooked-for. -- {Sud"den*ly}, adv. -- {Sud"den*ness}, n. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sweet \Sweet\, a. [Compar. {Sweeter}; superl. {Sweetest}.] [OE. swete, swote, sote, AS. sw[c7]te; akin to OFries. sw[c7]te, OS. sw[d3]ti, D. zoet, G. s[81]ss, OHG. suozi, Icel. s[91]tr, s[d2]tr, Sw. s[94]t, Dan. s[94]d, Goth. suts, L. suavis, for suadvis, Gr. [?], Skr. sv[be]du sweet, svad, sv[be]d, to sweeten. [fb]175. Cf. {Assuage}, {Suave}, {Suasion}.] 1. Having an agreeable taste or flavor such as that of sugar; saccharine; -- opposed to sour and bitter; as, a sweet beverage; sweet fruits; sweet oranges. 2. Pleasing to the smell; fragrant; redolent; balmy; as, a sweet rose; sweet odor; sweet incense. The breath of these flowers is sweet to me. --Longfellow. 3. Pleasing to the ear; soft; melodious; harmonious; as, the sweet notes of a flute or an organ; sweet music; a sweet voice; a sweet singer. To make his English sweet upon his tongue. --Chaucer. A voice sweet, tremulous, but powerful. --Hawthorne. 4. Pleasing to the eye; beautiful; mild and attractive; fair; as, a sweet face; a sweet color or complexion. Sweet interchange Of hill and valley, rivers, woods, and plains. --Milton. 5. Fresh; not salt or brackish; as, sweet water. --Bacon. 6. Not changed from a sound or wholesome state. Specifically: (a) Not sour; as, sweet milk or bread. (b) Not state; not putrescent or putrid; not rancid; as, sweet butter; sweet meat or fish. 7. Plaesing to the mind; mild; gentle; calm; amiable; winning; presuasive; as, sweet manners. Canst thou bind the sweet influence of Pleiades? --Job xxxviii. 31. Mildness and sweet reasonableness is the one established rule of Christian working. --M. Arnold. Note: Sweet is often used in the formation of self-explaining compounds; as, sweet-blossomed, sweet-featured, sweet-smelling, sweet-tempered, sweet-toned, etc. {Sweet alyssum}. (Bot.) See {Alyssum}. {Sweet apple}. (Bot.) (a) Any apple of sweet flavor. (b) See {Sweet-top}. {Sweet bay}. (Bot.) (a) The laurel ({laurus nobilis}). (b) Swamp sassafras. {Sweet calabash} (Bot.), a plant of the genus {Passiflora} ({P. maliformis}) growing in the West Indies, and producing a roundish, edible fruit, the size of an apple. {Sweet cicely}. (Bot.) (a) Either of the North American plants of the umbelliferous genus {Osmorrhiza} having aromatic roots and seeds, and white flowers. --Gray. (b) A plant of the genus {Myrrhis} ({M. odorata}) growing in England. {Sweet calamus}, [or] {Sweet cane}. (Bot.) Same as {Sweet flag}, below. {Sweet Cistus} (Bot.), an evergreen shrub ({Cistus Ladanum}) from which the gum ladanum is obtained. {Sweet clover}. (Bot.) See {Melilot}. {Sweet coltsfoot} (Bot.), a kind of butterbur ({Petasites sagittata}) found in Western North America. {Sweet corn} (Bot.), a variety of the maize of a sweet taste. See the Note under {Corn}. {Sweet fern} (Bot.), a small North American shrub ({Comptonia, [or] Myrica, asplenifolia}) having sweet-scented or aromatic leaves resembling fern leaves. {Sweet flag} (Bot.), an endogenous plant ({Acorus Calamus}) having long flaglike leaves and a rootstock of a pungent aromatic taste. It is found in wet places in Europe and America. See {Calamus}, 2. {Sweet gale} (Bot.), a shrub ({Myrica Gale}) having bitter fragrant leaves; -- also called {sweet willow}, and {Dutch myrtle}. See 5th {Gale}. {Sweet grass} (Bot.), holy, or Seneca, grass. {Sweet gum} (Bot.), an American tree ({Liquidambar styraciflua}). See {Liquidambar}. {Sweet herbs}, fragrant herbs cultivated for culinary purposes. {Sweet John} (Bot.), a variety of the sweet William. {Sweet leaf} (Bot.), horse sugar. See under {Horse}. {Sweet marjoram}. (Bot.) See {Marjoram}. {Sweet marten} (Zo[94]l.), the pine marten. {Sweet maudlin} (Bot.), a composite plant ({Achillea Ageratum}) allied to milfoil. {Sweet oil}, olive oil. {Sweet pea}. (Bot.) See under {Pea}. {Sweet potato}. (Bot.) See under {Potato}. {Sweet rush} (Bot.), sweet flag. {Sweet spirits of niter} (Med. Chem.) See {Spirit of nitrous ether}, under {Spirit}. {Sweet sultan} (Bot.), an annual composite plant ({Centaurea moschata}), also, the yellow-flowered ({C. odorata}); -- called also {sultan flower}. {Sweet tooth}, an especial fondness for sweet things or for sweetmeats. [Colloq.] {Sweet William}. (a) (Bot.) A species of pink ({Dianthus barbatus}) of many varieties. (b) (Zo[94]l.) The willow warbler. (c) (Zo[94]l.) The European goldfinch; -- called also {sweet Billy}. [Prov. Eng.] {Sweet willow} (Bot.), sweet gale. {Sweet wine}. See {Dry wine}, under {Dry}. {To be sweet on}, to have a particular fondness for, or special interest in, as a young man for a young woman. [Colloq.] --Thackeray. Syn: Sugary; saccharine; dulcet; luscious. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sweeten \Sweet"en\, v. i. To become sweet. --Bacon. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sweeten \Sweet"en\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Sweetened}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Sweetening}.] [See {Sweet}, a.] 1. To make sweet to the taste; as, to sweeten tea. 2. To make pleasing or grateful to the mind or feelings; as, to sweeten life; to sweeten friendship. 3. To make mild or kind; to soften; as, to sweeten the temper. 4. To make less painful or laborious; to relieve; as, to sweeten the cares of life. --Dryden. And sweeten every secret tear. --Keble. 5. To soften to the eye; to make delicate. Correggio has made his memory immortal by the strength he has given to his figures, and by sweetening his lights and shadows, and melting them into each other. --Dryden. 6. To make pure and salubrious by destroying noxious matter; as, to sweeten rooms or apartments that have been infected; to sweeten the air. 7. To make warm and fertile; -- opposed to sour; as, to dry and sweeten soils. 8. To restore to purity; to free from taint; as, to sweeten water, butter, or meat. | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Scottown, OH Zip code(s): 45678 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Seaton, IL (village, FIPS 68458) Location: 41.10190 N, 90.79921 W Population (1990): 221 (99 housing units) Area: 4.1 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 61476 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Sedan, KS (city, FIPS 63750) Location: 37.12737 N, 96.18469 W Population (1990): 1306 (704 housing units) Area: 2.0 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 67361 Sedan, MN (city, FIPS 59188) Location: 45.57699 N, 95.24550 W Population (1990): 63 (28 housing units) Area: 1.3 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 56380 Sedan, NM Zip code(s): 88436 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Sedona, AZ (city, FIPS 65350) Location: 34.85927 N, 111.79512 W Population (1990): 7720 (4658 housing units) Area: 50.9 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 86336 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Sidney, AR (town, FIPS 64280) Location: 36.00426 N, 91.65897 W Population (1990): 271 (90 housing units) Area: 5.3 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 72577 Sidney, IA (city, FIPS 73065) Location: 40.74596 N, 95.64437 W Population (1990): 1253 (535 housing units) Area: 3.6 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 51652 Sidney, IL (village, FIPS 69875) Location: 40.02438 N, 88.07184 W Population (1990): 1027 (401 housing units) Area: 1.4 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 61877 Sidney, IN (town, FIPS 69678) Location: 41.10502 N, 85.74290 W Population (1990): 167 (68 housing units) Area: 0.3 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Sidney, KY Zip code(s): 41564 Sidney, MI Zip code(s): 48885 Sidney, MT (city, FIPS 67900) Location: 47.71238 N, 104.16372 W Population (1990): 5217 (2363 housing units) Area: 5.8 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 59270 Sidney, NE (city, FIPS 45295) Location: 41.13374 N, 102.97005 W Population (1990): 5959 (2741 housing units) Area: 15.3 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 69162 Sidney, NY (village, FIPS 67334) Location: 42.30589 N, 75.39774 W Population (1990): 4720 (2038 housing units) Area: 6.1 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 13838 Sidney, OH (city, FIPS 72424) Location: 40.28884 N, 84.16324 W Population (1990): 18710 (7386 housing units) Area: 22.3 sq km (land), 0.1 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 45365 Sidney, TX Zip code(s): 76474 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Sidon, MS (town, FIPS 67840) Location: 33.40742 N, 90.20823 W Population (1990): 596 (222 housing units) Area: 0.3 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 38954 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
South Wayne, WI (village, FIPS 75275) Location: 42.56665 N, 89.88044 W Population (1990): 478 (202 housing units) Area: 1.4 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 53587 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Southam, ND Zip code(s): 58327 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
St. Ann, MO (city, FIPS 63956) Location: 38.72585 N, 90.38778 W Population (1990): 14489 (6784 housing units) Area: 8.1 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
St. Anne, IL (village, FIPS 66638) Location: 41.02333 N, 87.71701 W Population (1990): 1153 (437 housing units) Area: 1.3 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Steen, MN (city, FIPS 62662) Location: 43.51324 N, 96.26222 W Population (1990): 176 (69 housing units) Area: 1.1 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 56173 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Stem, NC (town, FIPS 64940) Location: 36.19981 N, 78.72323 W Population (1990): 249 (111 housing units) Area: 2.4 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 27581 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Stone, ID Zip code(s): 83280 Stone, KY Zip code(s): 41567 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Sudan, TX (city, FIPS 70772) Location: 34.06752 N, 102.52486 W Population (1990): 983 (458 housing units) Area: 2.3 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 79371 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Sutton, AK (CDP, FIPS 74500) Location: 61.71726 N, 148.88123 W Population (1990): 308 (142 housing units) Area: 16.7 sq km (land), 0.5 sq km (water) Sutton, ND Zip code(s): 58484 Sutton, NE (city, FIPS 47955) Location: 40.60764 N, 97.85834 W Population (1990): 1353 (610 housing units) Area: 2.5 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 68979 Sutton, VT Zip code(s): 05867 Sutton, WV (town, FIPS 78580) Location: 38.66674 N, 80.71072 W Population (1990): 939 (474 housing units) Area: 2.1 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Sweet Home, OR (city, FIPS 71950) Location: 44.40169 N, 122.70212 W Population (1990): 6850 (2834 housing units) Area: 13.8 sq km (land), 1.1 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 97386 | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
SATAN {Security Administrator's Integrated Network Tool} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
SDM {Schematic Data Model} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
SO-DIMM {Small Outline DIMM} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
SSADM A software engineering method and toolset required by some UK government agencies. | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
stdin {standard input/output} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
STDM {statistical time division multiplexing} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
STDWIN A windowing interface from {CWI} with windows, menus, modal dialogs, mouse and keyboard input, scroll bars, drawing primitives, etc that is portable between {platform}s. STDWIN is available for {Macintosh} and the {X Window System}. | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
STONE A Structured and Open Environment: a project supported by the German Ministry of Research and Technology (BMFT) to design, implement and distribute a SEE for research and teaching. | |
From The Elements (22Oct97) [elements]: | |
sodium Symbol: Na Atomic number: 11 Atomic weight: 22.9898 Soft silvery reactive element belonging to group 1 of the periodic table (alkali metals). It is highly reactive, oxidizing in air and reacting violently with water, forcing it to be kept under oil. It was first isolated by Humphrey Davy in 1807. | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Satan adversary; accuser. When used as a proper name, the Hebrew word so rendered has the article "the adversary" (Job 1:6-12; 2:1-7). In the New Testament it is used as interchangeable with Diabolos, or the devil, and is so used more than thirty times. He is also called "the dragon," "the old serpent" (Rev. 12:9; 20:2); "the prince of this world" (John 12:31; 14:30); "the prince of the power of the air" (Eph. 2:2); "the god of this world" (2 Cor. 4:4); "the spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience" (Eph. 2:2). The distinct personality of Satan and his activity among men are thus obviously recognized. He tempted our Lord in the wilderness (Matt. 4:1-11). He is "Beelzebub, the prince of the devils" (12:24). He is "the constant enemy of God, of Christ, of the divine kingdom, of the followers of Christ, and of all truth; full of falsehood and all malice, and exciting and seducing to evil in every possible way." His power is very great in the world. He is a "roaring lion, seeking whom he may devour" (1 Pet. 5:8). Men are said to be "taken captive by him" (2 Tim. 2:26). Christians are warned against his "devices" (2 Cor. 2:11), and called on to "resist" him (James 4:7). Christ redeems his people from "him that had the power of death, that is, the devil" (Heb. 2:14). Satan has the "power of death," not as lord, but simply as executioner. | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Scythian The Scythians consisted of "all the pastoral tribes who dwelt to the north of the Black Sea and the Caspian, and were scattered far away toward the east. Of this vast country but little was anciently known. Its modern representative is Russia, which, to a great extent, includes the same territories." They were the descendants of Japheth (Gen. 9:27). It appears that in apostolic times there were some of this people that embraced Christianity (Col. 3:11). | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Shittim acacias, also called "Abel-shittim" (Num. 33:49), a plain or valley in the land of Moab where the Israelites were encamped after their two victories over Sihon and Og, at the close of their desert wanderings, and from which Joshua sent forth two spies (q.v.) "secretly" to "view" the land and Jericho (Josh. 2:1). | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Sidon fishing; fishery, Gen. 10:15, 19 (A.V. marg., Tzidon; R.V., Zidon); Matt. 11:21, 22; Luke 6:17. (See {ZIDON}.) | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Sitnah strife, the second of the two wells dug by Isaac, whose servants here contended with the Philistines (Gen. 26:21). It has been identified with the modern Shutneh, in the valley of Gerar, to the west of Rehoboth, about 20 miles south of Beersheba. | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Sodom burning; the walled, a city in the vale of Siddim (Gen. 13:10; 14:1-16). The wickedness of its inhabitants brought down upon it fire from heaven, by which it was destroyed (18:16-33; 19:1-29; Deut. 23:17). This city and its awful destruction are frequently alluded to in Scripture (Deut. 29:23; 32:32; Isa. 1:9, 10; 3:9; 13:19; Jer. 23:14; Ezek. 16:46-56; Zeph. 2:9; Matt. 10:15; Rom. 9:29; 2 Pet. 2:6, etc.). No trace of it or of the other cities of the plain has been discovered, so complete was their destruction. Just opposite the site of Zoar, on the south-west coast of the Dead Sea, is a range of low hills, forming a mass of mineral salt called Jebel Usdum, "the hill of Sodom." It has been concluded, from this and from other considerations, that the cities of the plain stood at the southern end of the Dead Sea. Others, however, with much greater probability, contend that they stood at the northern end of the sea. [in 1897]. | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Sodoma (Rom. 9:29; R.V., "Sodom"), the Greek form for Sodom. | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Stone Stones were commonly used for buildings, also as memorials of important events (Gen. 28:18; Josh. 24:26, 27; 1 Sam. 7:12, etc.). They were gathered out of cultivated fields (Isa. 5:2; comp. 2 Kings 3:19). This word is also used figuratively of believers (1 Pet. 2:4, 5), and of the Messiah (Ps. 118:22; Isa. 28:16; Matt. 21:42; Acts 4:11, etc.). In Dan. 2:45 it refers also to the Messiah. He is there described as "cut out of the mountain." (See {ROCK}.) A "heart of stone" denotes great insensibility (1 Sam. 25:37). Stones were set up to commemorate remarkable events, as by Jacob at Bethel (Gen. 28:18), at Padan-aram (35:4), and on the occasion of parting with Laban (31:45-47); by Joshua at the place on the banks of the Jordan where the people first "lodged" after crossing the river (Josh. 6:8), and also in "the midst of Jordan," where he erected another set of twelve stones (4:1-9); and by Samuel at "Ebenezer" (1 Sam. 7:12). | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Satan, contrary; adversary; enemy; accuser | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Shittim, thorns | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Siddim, the tilled field | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Sidon, hunting; fishing; venison | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Sitnah, hatred | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Sodom, their secret; their cement | |
From The CIA World Factbook (1995) [world95]: | |
Sudan Sudan:Geography Location: Northern Africa, bordering the Red Sea, between Egypt and Eritrea Map references: Africa Area: total area: 2,505,810 sq km land area: 2.376 million sq km comparative area: slightly more than one-quarter the size of the US Land boundaries: total 7,687 km, Central African Republic 1,165 km, Chad 1,360 km, Egypt 1,273 km, Eritrea 605 km, Ethiopia 1,606 km, Kenya 232 km, Libya 383 km, Uganda 435 km, Zaire 628 km Coastline: 853 km Maritime claims: contiguous zone: 18 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation territorial sea: 12 nm International disputes: administrative boundary with Kenya does not coincide with international boundary; administrative boundary with Egypt does not coincide with international boundary creating the "Hala'ib Triangle," a barren area of 20,580 sq km, tensions over this disputed area began to escalate in 1992 and remain high Climate: tropical in south; arid desert in north; rainy season (April to October) Terrain: generally flat, featureless plain; mountains in east and west Natural resources: small reserves of petroleum, iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver, gold Land use: arable land: 5% permanent crops: 0% meadows and pastures: 24% forest and woodland: 20% other: 51% Irrigated land: 18,900 sq km (1989 est.) Environment: current issues: inadequate supplies of potable water; wildlife populations threatened by excessive hunting; soil erosion; desertification natural hazards: dust storms international agreements: party to - Climate Change, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection; signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Desertification Note: largest country in Africa; dominated by the Nile and its tributaries Sudan:People Population: 30,120,420 (July 1995 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 46% (female 6,801,001; male 7,124,892) 15-64 years: 52% (female 7,706,864; male 7,830,980) 65 years and over: 2% (female 280,297; male 376,386) (July 1995 est.) Population growth rate: 2.35% (1995 est.) Birth rate: 41.29 births/1,000 population (1995 est.) Death rate: 11.74 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.) Net migration rate: NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.) note: the flow of refugees from the civil war in Sudan into neighboring countries continues, often at the rate of tens of thousands annually; Uganda was the main recipient of Sudanese refugees in the past year; repatriation of Eritrean and Ethiopean refugees in Sudan continues Infant mortality rate: 77.7 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 54.71 years male: 53.81 years female: 55.65 years (1995 est.) Total fertility rate: 6 children born/woman (1995 est.) Nationality: noun: Sudanese (singular and plural) adjective: Sudanese Ethnic divisions: black 52%, Arab 39%, Beja 6%, foreigners 2%, other 1% Religions: Sunni Muslim 70% (in north), indigenous beliefs 25%, Christian 5% (mostly in south and Khartoum) Languages: Arabic (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, Sudanic languages, English note: program of Arabization in process Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1983) total population: 32% male: 44% female: 21% Labor force: 6.5 million by occupation: agriculture 80%, industry and commerce 10%, government 6% note: labor shortages for almost all categories of skilled employment (1983 est.) Sudan:Government Names: conventional long form: Republic of the Sudan conventional short form: Sudan local long form: Jumhuriyat as-Sudan local short form: As-Sudan former: Anglo-Egyptian Sudan Digraph: SU Type: ruling military junta - Revolutionary Command Council (RCC) - dissolved on 16 October 1993 and government civilianized Capital: Khartoum Administrative divisions: 9 states (wilayat, singular - wilayat or wilayah*); A'ali an Nil, Al Wusta*, Al Istiwa'iyah*, Al Khartum, Ash Shamaliyah*, Ash Sharqiyah*, Bahr al Ghazal, Darfur, Kurdufan note: on 14 February 1994, the 9 states comprising Sudan were divided into 26 new states; the new state boundary alignments are undetermined Independence: 1 January 1956 (from Egypt and UK) National holiday: Independence Day, 1 January (1956) Constitution: 12 April 1973, suspended following coup of 6 April 1985; interim constitution of 10 October 1985 suspended following coup of 30 June 1989 Legal system: based on English common law and Islamic law; as of 20 January 1991, the now defunct Revolutionary Command Council imposed Islamic law in the northern states; the council is still studying criminal provisions under Islamic law; Islamic law applies to all residents of the northern states regardless of their religion; some separate religious courts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Suffrage: none Executive branch: Chief of State and Head of Government: President Lt. General Umar Hasan Ahmad al-BASHIR (since 16 October 1993); prior to 16 October 1993, BASHIR served concurrently as Chief of State, Chairman of the RCC, Prime Minister, and Minister of Defence (since 30 June 1989); First Vice President Major General al-Zubayr Muhammad SALIH (since 19 October 1993); Second Vice President (Police) Maj. General George KONGOR (since NA February 1994); note - upon its dissolution on 16 October 1993, the RCC's executive and legislative powers were devolved to the President and the Transitional National Assembly (TNA), Sudan's appointed legislative body cabinet: Cabinet; appointed by the president; note - on 30 October 1993, President BASHIR announced a new, predominantly civilian cabinet, consisting of 20 federal ministers, most of whom retained their previous cabinet positions; on 9 February 1995, he abolished three ministries and redivided their portfolios to create several new ministries; these changes increased National Islamic Front presence at the ministerial level and consolidated its control over the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; President BASHIR's government is dominated by members of Sudan's National Islamic Front, a fundamentalist political organization formed from the Muslim Brotherhood in 1986; front leader Hasan al-TURABI controls Khartoum's overall domestic and foreign policies Legislative branch: appointed 300-member Transitional National Assembly; officially assumes all legislative authority for Sudan until the proposed 1995 resumption of national elections Judicial branch: Supreme Court, Special Revolutionary Courts Political parties and leaders: none; banned following 30 June 1989 coup Other political or pressure groups: National Islamic Front, Hasan al-TURABI Member of: ABEDA, ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, CAEU, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IGADD, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNU, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO Diplomatic representation in US: chief of mission: Ambassador Ahmad SULAYMAN chancery: 2210 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 338-8565 through 8570 FAX: [1] (202) 667-2406 US diplomatic representation: chief of mission: Ambassador Donald K. PETTERSON embassy: Shar'ia Ali Abdul Latif, Khartoum mailing address: P. O. Box 699, Khartoum; APO AE 09829 telephone: 74700, 74611 (operator assistance required) FAX: Telex 22619 AMEMSD Flag: three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black with a green isosceles triangle based on the hoist side Economy Overview: Sudan is buffeted by civil war, chronic political instability, adverse weather, high inflation, a drop in remittances from abroad, and counterproductive economic policies. Governmental entities account for more than 70% of new investment. The private sector's main areas of activity are agriculture and trading, with most private industrial investment predating 1980. Agriculture employs 80% of the work force. Industry mainly processes agricultural items. Sluggish economic performance over the past decade, attributable largely to declining annual rainfall, has reduced levels of per capita income and consumption. A large foreign debt and huge arrearages continue to cause difficulties. In 1990 the International Monetary Fund took the unusual step of declaring Sudan noncooperative because of its nonpayment of arrearages to the Fund. After Sudan backtracked on promised reforms in 1992-93, the IMF threatened to expel Sudan from the Fund. To avoid expulsion, Khartoum agreed to make payments on its arrears to the Fund, liberalize exchange rates, and reduce subsidies. These measures have been partially implemented. The government's continued prosecution of the civil war and its growing international isolation led to a further deterioration of the nonagricultural sectors of the economy during 1994. Agriculture, on the other hand, after several disappointing years, enjoyed a bumper fall harvest in 1994; its strong performance produced an overall growth rate in GDP of perhaps 7%. National product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $23.7 billion (1994 est.) National product real growth rate: 7% (1994 est.) National product per capita: $870 (1994 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 112% (FY93/94 est.) Unemployment rate: 30% (FY92/93 est.) Budget: revenues: $493 million expenditures: $1.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $225 million (1994 est.) Exports: $419 million (f.o.b., FY93/94) commodities: gum arabic 29%, livestock/meat 24%, cotton 13%, sesame, peanuts partners: Western Europe 46%, Saudi Arabia 14%, Eastern Europe 9%, Japan 9%, US 3% (FY87/88) Imports: $1.7 billion (c.i.f., FY93/94) commodities: foodstuffs, petroleum products, manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, medicines and chemicals, textiles partners: Western Europe 32%, Africa and Asia 15%, US 13%, Eastern Europe 3% (FY87/88) External debt: $17 billion (June 1993 est.) Industrial production: growth rate 6.8% (FY92/93 est.); accounts for 11% of GDP Electricity: capacity: 500,000 kW production: 1.3 billion kWh consumption per capita: 42 kWh (1993) Industries: cotton ginning, textiles, cement, edible oils, sugar, soap distilling, shoes, petroleum refining Agriculture: accounts for 35% of GDP; major products - cotton, oilseeds, sorghum, millet, wheat, gum arabic, sheep; marginally self-sufficient in most foods Economic aid: recipient: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $1.5 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $5.1 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $3.1 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $588 million Currency: 1 Sudanese pound (#Sd) = 100 piastres Exchange rates: official rate - Sudanese pounds (#Sd) per US$1 - 434.8 (January 1995), 277.8 (1994), 153.8 (1993), 69.4 (1992), 5.4288 (1991), 4.5004 (1990); note - the commercial rate is 300 Sudanese pounds per US$1 Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June Sudan:Transportation Railroads: total: 5,516 km narrow gauge: 4,800 km 1.067-m gauge; 716 km 1.6096-m gauge plantation line Highways: total: 20,703 km paved: bituminous treated 2,000 km unpaved: gravel 4,000 km; improved earth 2,304 km; unimproved earth 12,399 km Inland waterways: 5,310 km navigable Pipelines: refined products 815 km Ports: Juba, Khartoum, Kusti, Malakal, Nimule, Port Sudan, Sawakin Merchant marine: total: 5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 43,024 GRT/122,379 DWT ships by type: cargo 3, roll-on/roll-off cargo 2 Airports: total: 70 with paved runways over 3,047 m: 1 with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 5 with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 with paved runways under 914 m: 13 with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m: 14 with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 33 Sudan:Communications Telephone system: NA telephones; large, well-equipped system by African standards, but barely adequate and poorly maintained by modern standards local: NA intercity: consists of microwave radio relay, cable, radio communications, troposcatter, and a domestic satellite system with 14 stations international: 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 ARABSAT earth station Radio: broadcast stations: AM 11, FM 0, shortwave 0 radios: NA Television: broadcast stations: 3 televisions: NA Sudan:Defense Forces Branches: Army, Navy, Air Force, Popular Defense Force Militia Manpower availability: males age 15-49 6,806,588; males fit for military service 4,185,206; males reach military age (18) annually 313,958 (1995 est.) Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $600 million, 7.3% of GDP (FY93/94 est.) | |
From The CIA World Factbook (1995) [world95]: | |
Sweden Sweden:Geography Location: Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Skagerrak, between Finland and Norway Map references: Europe Area: total area: 449,964 sq km land area: 410,928 sq km comparative area: slightly smaller than California Land boundaries: total 2,205 km, Finland 586 km, Norway 1,619 km Coastline: 3,218 km Maritime claims: continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive economic zone: agreed boundaries or midlines territorial sea: 12 nm International disputes: none Climate: temperate in south with cold, cloudy winters and cool, partly cloudy summers; subarctic in north Terrain: mostly flat or gently rolling lowlands; mountains in west Natural resources: zinc, iron ore, lead, copper, silver, timber, uranium, hydropower potential Land use: arable land: 7% permanent crops: 0% meadows and pastures: 2% forest and woodland: 64% other: 27% Irrigated land: 1,120 sq km (1989 est.) Environment: current issues: acid rain damaging soils and lakes; pollution of the North Sea and the Baltic Sea natural hazards: ice floes in the surrounding waters, especially in the Gulf of Bothnia, can interfere with maritime traffic international agreements: party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling; signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Desertification, Law of the Sea Note: strategic location along Danish Straits linking Baltic and North Seas Sweden:People Population: 8,821,759 (July 1995 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 19% (female 810,859; male 854,553) 15-64 years: 64% (female 2,761,060; male 2,856,012) 65 years and over: 17% (female 887,597; male 651,678) (July 1995 est.) Population growth rate: 0.46% (1995 est.) Birth rate: 13.19 births/1,000 population (1995 est.) Death rate: 10.84 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.) Net migration rate: 2.27 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.) Infant mortality rate: 5.6 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 78.43 years male: 75.64 years female: 81.39 years (1995 est.) Total fertility rate: 1.97 children born/woman (1995 est.) Nationality: noun: Swede(s) adjective: Swedish Ethnic divisions: white, Lapp (Sami), foreign born or first-generation immigrants 12% (Finns, Yugoslavs, Danes, Norwegians, Greeks, Turks) Religions: Evangelical Lutheran 94%, Roman Catholic 1.5%, Pentecostal 1%, other 3.5% (1987) Languages: Swedish note: small Lapp- and Finnish-speaking minorities; immigrants speak native languages Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1991 est.) total population: 99% Labor force: 4.552 million (84% unionized,1992) by occupation: community, social and personal services 38.3%, mining and manufacturing 21.2%, commerce, hotels, and restaurants 14.1%, banking, insurance 9.0%, communications 7.2%, construction 7.0%, agriculture, fishing, and forestry 3.2% (1991) Sweden:Government Names: conventional long form: Kingdom of Sweden conventional short form: Sweden local long form: Konungariket Sverige local short form: Sverige Digraph: SW Type: constitutional monarchy Capital: Stockholm Administrative divisions: 24 provinces (lan, singular and plural); Alvsborgs Lan, Blekinge Lan, Gavleborgs Lan, Goteborgs och Bohus Lan, Gotlands Lan, Hallands Lan, Jamtlands Lan, Jonkopings Lan, Kalmar Lan, Kopparbergs Lan, Kristianstads Lan, Kronobergs Lan, Malmohus Lan, Norrbottens Lan, Orebro Lan, Ostergotlands Lan, Skaraborgs Lan, Sodermanlands Lan, Stockholms Lan, Uppsala Lan, Varmlands Lan, Vasterbottens Lan, Vasternorrlands Lan, Vastmanlands Lan Independence: 6 June 1809 (constitutional monarchy established) National holiday: Day of the Swedish Flag, 6 June Constitution: 1 January 1975 Legal system: civil law system influenced by customary law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal Executive branch: chief of state: King CARL XVI GUSTAF (since 19 September 1973); Heir Apparent Princess VICTORIA Ingrid Alice Desiree, daughter of the King (born 14 July 1977) head of government: Prime Minister Ingvar CARLSSON (since 6 October 1994); Deputy Prime Minister Mona SAHLIN (since 6 October 1994) cabinet: Cabinet; appointed by the prime minister Legislative branch: unicameral Parliament (Riksdag): elections last held 18 September 1994 (next to be held NA September 1998); results - Social Democrats 45.4%, Moderate Party (Conservatives) 22.3%, Center Party 7.7%, Liberals 7.2%, Left Party 6.2%, Greens 5.8%, Christian Democrats 4.1%, New Democracy Party 1.2%; seats - (349 total) Social Democrats 162, Moderate Party (Conservatives) 80, Center Party 27, Liberals 26, Left Party 22, Greens 18, Christian Democrats 14; note - the New Democracy Party did not receive a seat because parties require a minimum of 4.8% of votes for a seat in parliament Judicial branch: Supreme Court (Hogsta Domstolen) Political parties and leaders: Social Democratic Party, Ingvar CARLSSON; Moderate Party (conservative), Carl BILDT; Liberal People's Party, Maria LEISSNER; Center Party, Olof JOHANSSON; Christian Democratic Party, Alf SVENSSON; New Democracy Party, Vivianne FRANZEN; Left Party (VP; Communist), Gudrun SCHYMAN; Communist Workers' Party, Rolf HAGEL; Green Party, no formal leader but party spokesperson is Birger SHLAUG Member of: AfDB, AG (observer), AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CCC, CE, CERN, EBRD, ECE, EFTA, ESA, EU, FAO, G- 6, G- 8, G- 9, G-10, GATT, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MTCR, NAM (guest), NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OECD, ONUSAL, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNAVEM II, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNITAR, UNMOGIP, UNOMIG, UNOMOZ, UNPROFOR, UNTSO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, ZC Diplomatic representation in US: chief of mission: Ambassador Carl Henrik Sihver LILJEGREN chancery: 1501 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20005 telephone: [1] (202) 467-2600 FAX: [1] (202) 467-2699 consulate(s) general: Los Angeles and New York US diplomatic representation: chief of mission: Ambassador Thomas L. SIEBERT embassy: Strandvagen 101, S-115 89 Stockholm mailing address: use embassy street address telephone: [46] (8) 783 53 00 FAX: [46] (8) 661 19 64 Flag: blue with a yellow cross that extends to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag) Economy Overview: Aided by a long period of peace and neutrality during World War I through World War II, Sweden has achieved an enviable standard of living under a mixed system of high-tech capitalism and extensive welfare benefits. It has a modern distribution system, excellent internal and external communications, and a skilled labor force. Timber, hydropower, and iron ore constitute the resource base of an economy that is heavily oriented toward foreign trade. Privately owned firms account for about 90% of industrial output, of which the engineering sector accounts for 50% of output and exports. In 1990, agriculture accounted for only 1.2% of GDP and 1.9% of the jobs, Sweden being about 50% sufficient in most products. In the last few years, however, this extraordinarily favorable picture has been clouded by inflation, growing unemployment, and a gradual loss of competitiveness in international markets. Although Prime Minister BILDT's center-right minority coalition had hoped to charge ahead with free-market-oriented reforms, a skyrocketing budget deficit - about 14% of GDP in FY93/94 projections - and record unemployment have forestalled many of the plans. Unemployment in 1994 is estimated at around 9% with another 5% in job training. Continued heavy foreign exchange speculation forced the government to cooperate in late 1992 with the opposition Social Democrats on two crisis packages - one a severe austerity pact and the other a program to spur industrial competitiveness - which basically set economic policy through 1997. In November 1992, Sweden broke its tie to the EC's ECU, and the krona has since depreciated about 25% against the dollar. The boost in export competitiveness from the depreciation helped lift Sweden out of its 3-year recession. To curb the budget deficit and bolster confidence in the economy, the new Social Democratic government is proposing cuts in welfare benefits, subsidies, defense, and foreign aid. Sweden has harmonized its economic policies with those of the EU, which it joined at the start of 1995. National product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $163.1 billion (1994 est.) National product real growth rate: 2.4% (1994 est.) National product per capita: $18,580 (1994 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 2.5% (1994 est.) Unemployment rate: 8.8% (1994 est.) Budget: revenues: $47.9 billion expenditures: $70.9 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY93/94) Exports: $59.9 billion (f.o.b., 1994) commodities: machinery, motor vehicles, paper products, pulp and wood, iron and steel products, chemicals, petroleum and petroleum products partners: EC 55.8% (Germany 15%, UK 9.7%, Denmark 7.2%, France 5.8%), EFTA 17.4% (Norway 8.4%, Finland 5.1%), US 8.2%, Central and Eastern Europe 2.5% (1992) Imports: $49.6 billion (c.i.f., 1994) commodities: machinery, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, motor vehicles, foodstuffs, iron and steel, clothing partners: EC 53.6% (Germany 17.9%, UK 6.3%, Denmark 7.5%, France 4.9%), EFTA (Norway 6.6%, Finland 6%), US 8.4%, Central and Eastern Europe 3% (1992) External debt: $NA Industrial production: growth rate 9% (1994) Electricity: capacity: 34,560,000 kW production: 141 billion kWh consumption per capita: 14,891 kWh (1993) Industries: iron and steel, precision equipment (bearings, radio and telephone parts, armaments), wood pulp and paper products, processed foods, motor vehicles Agriculture: animal husbandry predominates, with milk and dairy products accounting for 37% of farm income; main crops - grains, sugar beets, potatoes; 100% self-sufficient in grains and potatoes; Sweden is about 50% self-sufficient in most products Illicit drugs: transshipment point for narcotics shipped via the CIS and Baltic states for the European market Economic aid: donor: ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $10.3 billion Currency: 1 Swedish krona (SKr) = 100 oere Exchange rates: Swedish kronor (SKr) per US$1 - 7.4675 (January 1995), 7.7160 (1994), 7.7834 (1993), 5.8238 (1992), 6.0475 (1991) 5.9188 (1990) Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June Sweden:Transportation Railroads: total: 12,000 km (includes 953 km of privately owned railways) standard gauge: 10,742 km 1.435-m gauge (7,502 km electrified and 1,152 km double track); 8 km 1.435-m gauge (electrified; privately owned) narrow gauge: 61 km 0.891-m gauge (electrified; privately owned) other: 1,189 km NA-m gauge (1994) Highways: total: 135,859 km paved: 97,818 km (including 936 km of expressways) unpaved: gravel 38,041 km (1991) Inland waterways: 2,052 km navigable for small steamers and barges Pipelines: natural gas 84 km Ports: Gavle, Goteborg, Halmstad, Helsingborg, Hudiksvall, Kalmar, Karlshamn, Malmo, Solvesborg, Stockholm, Sundsvall Merchant marine: total: 157 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,872,350 GRT/2,075,722 DWT ships by type: bulk 10, cargo 24, chemical tanker 25, combination ore/oil 1, container 2, oil tanker 31, railcar carrier 2, refrigerated cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 37, short-sea passenger 8, specialized tanker 4, vehicle carrier 12 Airports: total: 253 with paved runways over 3,047 m: 2 with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 8 with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 84 with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 26 with paved runways under 914 m: 129 with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 4 Sweden:Communications Telephone system: 8,200,000 telephones; excellent domestic and international facilities; automatic system local: NA intercity: coaxial and multiconductor cable carry most voice traffic; parallel microwave network carries TV, radio, and some additional telephone channels international: 5 submarine coaxial cables; 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 EUTELSAT earth station Radio: broadcast stations: AM 5, FM 360 (mostly repeaters), shortwave 0 radios: 7 million Television: broadcast stations: 880 (mostly repeaters) televisions: 3.5 million Sweden:Defense Forces Branches: Swedish Army, Royal Swedish Navy, Swedish Air Force Manpower availability: males age 15-49 2,133,420; males fit for military service 1,864,258; males reach military age (19) annually 52,937 (1995 est.) Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $5.4 billion, 2.4% of GDP (FY94/95) |