English Dictionary: Rickie | by the DICT Development Group |
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From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Raash \Raash\, n. [Cf. Ar. ra'ash trembling, tremor.] (Zo[94]l.) The electric catfish. [Written also {raasch}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Raash \Raash\, n. [Cf. Ar. ra'ash trembling, tremor.] (Zo[94]l.) The electric catfish. [Written also {raasch}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Consolation game \Con`so*la"tion game\, match \match\, pot \pot\, race \race\, etc. A game, match, etc., open only to losers in early stages of contests. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Race \Race\, v. t. To raze. [Obs.] --Spenser. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Race \Race\, n. [OF. ra[8b]z, L. radix, -icis. See {Radix}.] A root. [bd]A race or two of ginger.[b8] --Shak. {Race ginger}, ginger in the root, or not pulverized. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Race \Race\, n. [F. race; cf. Pr. & Sp. raza, It. razza; all from OHG. reiza line, akin to E. write. See {Write}.] 1. The descendants of a common ancestor; a family, tribe, people, or nation, believed or presumed to belong to the same stock; a lineage; a breed. The whole race of mankind. --Shak. Whence the long race of Alban fathers come. --Dryden. Note: Naturalists and ehnographers divide mankind into several distinct varieties, or races. Cuvier refers them all to three, Pritchard enumerates seven, Agassiz eight, Pickering describes eleven. One of the common classifications is that of Blumenbach, who makes five races: the Caucasian, or white race, to which belong the greater part of the European nations and those of Western Asia; the Mongolian, or yellow race, occupying Tartary, China, Japan, etc.; the Ethiopian, or negro race, occupying most of Africa (except the north), Australia, Papua, and other Pacific Islands; the American, or red race, comprising the Indians of North and South America; and the Malayan, or brown race, which occupies the islands of the Indian Archipelago, etc. Many recent writers classify the Malay and American races as branches of the Mongolian. See Illustration in Appendix. 2. Company; herd; breed. For do but note a wild and wanton herd, Or race of youthful and unhandled colts, Fetching mad bounds. --Shak. 3. (Bot.) A variety of such fixed character that it may be propagated by seed. 4. Peculiar flavor, taste, or strength, as of wine; that quality, or assemblage of qualities, which indicates origin or kind, as in wine; hence, characteristic flavor; smack. [bd]A race of heaven.[b8] --Shak. Is it [the wine] of the right race ? --Massinqer. 5. Hence, characteristic quality or disposition. [Obs.] And now I give my sensual race the rein. --Shak. Some . . . great race of fancy or judgment. --Sir W. Temple. Syn: Lineage; line; family; house; breed; offspring; progeny; issue. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Race \Race\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Raced}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Racing}.] 1. To run swiftly; to contend in a race; as, the animals raced over the ground; the ships raced from port to port. 2. (Steam Mach.) To run too fast at times, as a marine engine or screw, when the screw is lifted out of water by the action of a heavy sea. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Race \Race\, n. [OE. ras, res, rees, AS. r[aemac]s a rush, running; akin to Icel. r[be]s course, race. [root]118.] 1. A progress; a course; a movement or progression. 2. Esp., swift progress; rapid course; a running. The flight of many birds is swifter than the race of any beasts. --Bacon. 3. Hence: The act or process of running in competition; a contest of speed in any way, as in running, riding, driving, skating, rowing, sailing; in the plural, usually, a meeting for contests in the running of horses; as, he attended the races. The race is not to the swift. --Eccl. ix. 11. I wield the gauntlet, and I run the race. --Pope. 4. Competitive action of any kind, especially when prolonged; hence, career; course of life. My race of glory run, and race of shame. --Milton. 5. A strong or rapid current of water, or the channel or passage for such a current; a powerful current or heavy sea, sometimes produced by the meeting of two tides; as, the Portland Race; the Race of Alderney. 6. The current of water that turns a water wheel, or the channel in which it flows; a mill race. Note: The part of the channel above the wheel is sometimes called the headrace, the part below, the tailrace. 7. (Mach.) A channel or guide along which a shuttle is driven back and forth, as in a loom, sewing machine, etc. {Race cloth}, a cloth worn by horses in racing, having pockets to hold the weights prescribed. {Race course}. (a) The path, generally circular or elliptical, over which a race is run. (b) Same as {Race way}, below. {Race cup}, a cup given as a prize to the victor in a race. {Race glass}, a kind of field glass. {Race horse}. (a) A horse that runs in competition; specifically, a horse bred or kept for running races. (b) A breed of horses remarkable for swiftness in running. (c) (Zo[94]l.) The steamer duck. (d) (Zo[94]l.) A mantis. {Race knife}, a cutting tool with a blade that is hooked at the point, for marking outlines, on boards or metals, as by a pattern, -- used in shipbuilding. {Race saddle}, a light saddle used in racing. {Race track}. Same as {Race course} (a), above. {Race way}, the canal for the current that drives a water wheel. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Race \Race\, v. t. 1. To cause to contend in race; to drive at high speed; as, to race horses. 2. To run a race with. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Consolation game \Con`so*la"tion game\, match \match\, pot \pot\, race \race\, etc. A game, match, etc., open only to losers in early stages of contests. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Race \Race\, v. t. To raze. [Obs.] --Spenser. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Race \Race\, n. [OF. ra[8b]z, L. radix, -icis. See {Radix}.] A root. [bd]A race or two of ginger.[b8] --Shak. {Race ginger}, ginger in the root, or not pulverized. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Race \Race\, n. [F. race; cf. Pr. & Sp. raza, It. razza; all from OHG. reiza line, akin to E. write. See {Write}.] 1. The descendants of a common ancestor; a family, tribe, people, or nation, believed or presumed to belong to the same stock; a lineage; a breed. The whole race of mankind. --Shak. Whence the long race of Alban fathers come. --Dryden. Note: Naturalists and ehnographers divide mankind into several distinct varieties, or races. Cuvier refers them all to three, Pritchard enumerates seven, Agassiz eight, Pickering describes eleven. One of the common classifications is that of Blumenbach, who makes five races: the Caucasian, or white race, to which belong the greater part of the European nations and those of Western Asia; the Mongolian, or yellow race, occupying Tartary, China, Japan, etc.; the Ethiopian, or negro race, occupying most of Africa (except the north), Australia, Papua, and other Pacific Islands; the American, or red race, comprising the Indians of North and South America; and the Malayan, or brown race, which occupies the islands of the Indian Archipelago, etc. Many recent writers classify the Malay and American races as branches of the Mongolian. See Illustration in Appendix. 2. Company; herd; breed. For do but note a wild and wanton herd, Or race of youthful and unhandled colts, Fetching mad bounds. --Shak. 3. (Bot.) A variety of such fixed character that it may be propagated by seed. 4. Peculiar flavor, taste, or strength, as of wine; that quality, or assemblage of qualities, which indicates origin or kind, as in wine; hence, characteristic flavor; smack. [bd]A race of heaven.[b8] --Shak. Is it [the wine] of the right race ? --Massinqer. 5. Hence, characteristic quality or disposition. [Obs.] And now I give my sensual race the rein. --Shak. Some . . . great race of fancy or judgment. --Sir W. Temple. Syn: Lineage; line; family; house; breed; offspring; progeny; issue. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Race \Race\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Raced}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Racing}.] 1. To run swiftly; to contend in a race; as, the animals raced over the ground; the ships raced from port to port. 2. (Steam Mach.) To run too fast at times, as a marine engine or screw, when the screw is lifted out of water by the action of a heavy sea. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Race \Race\, n. [OE. ras, res, rees, AS. r[aemac]s a rush, running; akin to Icel. r[be]s course, race. [root]118.] 1. A progress; a course; a movement or progression. 2. Esp., swift progress; rapid course; a running. The flight of many birds is swifter than the race of any beasts. --Bacon. 3. Hence: The act or process of running in competition; a contest of speed in any way, as in running, riding, driving, skating, rowing, sailing; in the plural, usually, a meeting for contests in the running of horses; as, he attended the races. The race is not to the swift. --Eccl. ix. 11. I wield the gauntlet, and I run the race. --Pope. 4. Competitive action of any kind, especially when prolonged; hence, career; course of life. My race of glory run, and race of shame. --Milton. 5. A strong or rapid current of water, or the channel or passage for such a current; a powerful current or heavy sea, sometimes produced by the meeting of two tides; as, the Portland Race; the Race of Alderney. 6. The current of water that turns a water wheel, or the channel in which it flows; a mill race. Note: The part of the channel above the wheel is sometimes called the headrace, the part below, the tailrace. 7. (Mach.) A channel or guide along which a shuttle is driven back and forth, as in a loom, sewing machine, etc. {Race cloth}, a cloth worn by horses in racing, having pockets to hold the weights prescribed. {Race course}. (a) The path, generally circular or elliptical, over which a race is run. (b) Same as {Race way}, below. {Race cup}, a cup given as a prize to the victor in a race. {Race glass}, a kind of field glass. {Race horse}. (a) A horse that runs in competition; specifically, a horse bred or kept for running races. (b) A breed of horses remarkable for swiftness in running. (c) (Zo[94]l.) The steamer duck. (d) (Zo[94]l.) A mantis. {Race knife}, a cutting tool with a blade that is hooked at the point, for marking outlines, on boards or metals, as by a pattern, -- used in shipbuilding. {Race saddle}, a light saddle used in racing. {Race track}. Same as {Race course} (a), above. {Race way}, the canal for the current that drives a water wheel. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Race \Race\, v. t. 1. To cause to contend in race; to drive at high speed; as, to race horses. 2. To run a race with. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Race \Race\, n. [OE. ras, res, rees, AS. r[aemac]s a rush, running; akin to Icel. r[be]s course, race. [root]118.] 1. A progress; a course; a movement or progression. 2. Esp., swift progress; rapid course; a running. The flight of many birds is swifter than the race of any beasts. --Bacon. 3. Hence: The act or process of running in competition; a contest of speed in any way, as in running, riding, driving, skating, rowing, sailing; in the plural, usually, a meeting for contests in the running of horses; as, he attended the races. The race is not to the swift. --Eccl. ix. 11. I wield the gauntlet, and I run the race. --Pope. 4. Competitive action of any kind, especially when prolonged; hence, career; course of life. My race of glory run, and race of shame. --Milton. 5. A strong or rapid current of water, or the channel or passage for such a current; a powerful current or heavy sea, sometimes produced by the meeting of two tides; as, the Portland Race; the Race of Alderney. 6. The current of water that turns a water wheel, or the channel in which it flows; a mill race. Note: The part of the channel above the wheel is sometimes called the headrace, the part below, the tailrace. 7. (Mach.) A channel or guide along which a shuttle is driven back and forth, as in a loom, sewing machine, etc. {Race cloth}, a cloth worn by horses in racing, having pockets to hold the weights prescribed. {Race course}. (a) The path, generally circular or elliptical, over which a race is run. (b) Same as {Race way}, below. {Race cup}, a cup given as a prize to the victor in a race. {Race glass}, a kind of field glass. {Race horse}. (a) A horse that runs in competition; specifically, a horse bred or kept for running races. (b) A breed of horses remarkable for swiftness in running. (c) (Zo[94]l.) The steamer duck. (d) (Zo[94]l.) A mantis. {Race knife}, a cutting tool with a blade that is hooked at the point, for marking outlines, on boards or metals, as by a pattern, -- used in shipbuilding. {Race saddle}, a light saddle used in racing. {Race track}. Same as {Race course} (a), above. {Race way}, the canal for the current that drives a water wheel. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rach \Rach\, Rache \Rache\, n. [AS. r[91]cc; akin to Icel. rakki.] (Zo[94]l.) A dog that pursued his prey by scent, as distinguished from the greyhound. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rach \Rach\, Rache \Rache\, n. [AS. r[91]cc; akin to Icel. rakki.] (Zo[94]l.) A dog that pursued his prey by scent, as distinguished from the greyhound. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rack \Rack\, v. t. [Cf. OF. vin raqu[82] squeezed from the dregs of the grapes.] To draw off from the lees or sediment, as wine. It is in common practice to draw wine or beer from the lees (which we call racking), whereby it will clarify much the sooner. --Bacon. {Rack vintage}, wine cleansed and drawn from the lees. --Cowell. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rack \Rack\, n. [Probably fr. D. rek, rekbank, a rack, rekken to stretch; akin to G. reck, reckbank, a rack, recken to stretch, Dan. r[91]kke, Sw. r[84]cka, Icel. rekja to spread out, Goth. refrakjan to stretch out; cf. L. porrigere, Gr. [?]. [?] Cf. {Right}, a., {Ratch}.] 1. An instrument or frame used for stretching, extending, retaining, or displaying, something. Specifically: (a) An engine of torture, consisting of a large frame, upon which the body was gradually stretched until, sometimes, the joints were dislocated; -- formerly used judicially for extorting confessions from criminals or suspected persons. During the troubles of the fifteenth century, a rack was introduced into the Tower, and was occasionally used under the plea of political necessity. --Macaulay. (b) An instrument for bending a bow. (c) A grate on which bacon is laid. (d) A frame or device of various construction for holding, and preventing the waste of, hay, grain, etc., supplied to beasts. (e) A frame on which articles are deposited for keeping or arranged for display; as, a clothes rack; a bottle rack, etc. (f) (Naut.) A piece or frame of wood, having several sheaves, through which the running rigging passes; -- called also {rack block}. Also, a frame to hold shot. (g) (Mining) A frame or table on which ores are separated or washed. (h) A frame fitted to a wagon for carrying hay, straw, or grain on the stalk, or other bulky loads. (i) A distaff. 2. (Mech.) A bar with teeth on its face, or edge, to work with those of a wheel, pinion, or worm, which is to drive it or be driven by it. 3. That which is extorted; exaction. [Obs.] --Sir E. Sandys. {Mangle rack}. (Mach.) See under {Mangle}. n. {Rack block}. (Naut.) See def. 1 (f), above. {Rack lashing}, a lashing or binding where the rope is tightened, and held tight by the use of a small stick of wood twisted around. {Rack rail} (Railroads), a toothed rack, laid as a rail, to afford a hold for teeth on the driving wheel of locomotive for climbing steep gradients, as in ascending a mountain. {Rack saw}, a saw having wide teeth. {Rack stick}, the stick used in a rack lashing. {To be on the rack}, to suffer torture, physical or mental. {To live at rack and manger}, to live on the best at another's expense. [Colloq.] {To put to the rack}, to subject to torture; to torment. A fit of the stone puts a kingto the rack, and makes him as miserable as it does the meanest subject. --Sir W. Temple. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rack \Rack\, n. Same as Arrack. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rack \Rack\, n. [AS. hracca neck, hinder part of the head; cf. AS. hraca throat, G. rachen throat, E. retch.] The neck and spine of a fore quarter of veal or mutton. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rack \Rack\, n. [See {Wreck}.] A wreck; destruction. [Obs., except in a few phrases.] {Rack and ruin}, destruction; utter ruin. [Colloq.] {To go to rack}, to perish; to be destroyed. [Colloq.] [bd]All goes to rack.[b8] --Pepys. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rack \Rack\, n. [Prob. fr. Icel. rek drift, motion, and akin to reka to drive, and E. wrack, wreck. [?].] Thin, flying, broken clouds, or any portion of floating vapor in the sky. --Shak. The winds in the upper region, which move the clouds above, which we call the rack, . . . pass without noise. --Bacon. And the night rack came rolling up. --C. Kingsley. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rack \Rack\, v. i. To fly, as vapor or broken clouds. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rack \Rack\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Racked}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Racking}.] [See {Rack} that which stretches, or {Rock}, v.] To amble fast, causing a rocking or swaying motion of the body; to pace; -- said of a horse. --Fuller. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rack \Rack\, n. A fast amble. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rack \Rack\, v. t. 1. To extend by the application of force; to stretch or strain; specifically, to stretch on the rack or wheel; to torture by an engine which strains the limbs and pulls the joints. He was racked and miserably tormented. --Pope. 2. To torment; to torture; to affect with extreme pain or anguish. Vaunting aloud but racked with deep despair. --Milton. 3. To stretch or strain, in a figurative sense; hence, to harass, or oppress by extortion. The landlords there shamefully rack their tenants. --Spenser. They [landlords] rack a Scripture simile beyond the true intent thereof. --Fuller. Try what my credit can in Venice do; That shall be racked even to the uttermost. --Shak. 4. (Mining) To wash on a rack, as metals or ore. 5. (Naut.) To bind together, as two ropes, with cross turns of yarn, marline, etc. {To rack one's brains} [or] {wits}, to exert them to the utmost for the purpose of accomplishing something. Syn: To torture; torment; rend; tear. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rack \Rack\, n. [Probably fr. D. rek, rekbank, a rack, rekken to stretch; akin to G. reck, reckbank, a rack, recken to stretch, Dan. r[91]kke, Sw. r[84]cka, Icel. rekja to spread out, Goth. refrakjan to stretch out; cf. L. porrigere, Gr. [?]. [?] Cf. {Right}, a., {Ratch}.] 1. An instrument or frame used for stretching, extending, retaining, or displaying, something. Specifically: (a) An engine of torture, consisting of a large frame, upon which the body was gradually stretched until, sometimes, the joints were dislocated; -- formerly used judicially for extorting confessions from criminals or suspected persons. During the troubles of the fifteenth century, a rack was introduced into the Tower, and was occasionally used under the plea of political necessity. --Macaulay. (b) An instrument for bending a bow. (c) A grate on which bacon is laid. (d) A frame or device of various construction for holding, and preventing the waste of, hay, grain, etc., supplied to beasts. (e) A frame on which articles are deposited for keeping or arranged for display; as, a clothes rack; a bottle rack, etc. (f) (Naut.) A piece or frame of wood, having several sheaves, through which the running rigging passes; -- called also {rack block}. Also, a frame to hold shot. (g) (Mining) A frame or table on which ores are separated or washed. (h) A frame fitted to a wagon for carrying hay, straw, or grain on the stalk, or other bulky loads. (i) A distaff. 2. (Mech.) A bar with teeth on its face, or edge, to work with those of a wheel, pinion, or worm, which is to drive it or be driven by it. 3. That which is extorted; exaction. [Obs.] --Sir E. Sandys. {Mangle rack}. (Mach.) See under {Mangle}. n. {Rack block}. (Naut.) See def. 1 (f), above. {Rack lashing}, a lashing or binding where the rope is tightened, and held tight by the use of a small stick of wood twisted around. {Rack rail} (Railroads), a toothed rack, laid as a rail, to afford a hold for teeth on the driving wheel of locomotive for climbing steep gradients, as in ascending a mountain. {Rack saw}, a saw having wide teeth. {Rack stick}, the stick used in a rack lashing. {To be on the rack}, to suffer torture, physical or mental. {To live at rack and manger}, to live on the best at another's expense. [Colloq.] {To put to the rack}, to subject to torture; to torment. A fit of the stone puts a kingto the rack, and makes him as miserable as it does the meanest subject. --Sir W. Temple. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Racy \Ra"cy\, a. [Compar. {Racier}; superl. {Raciest}.] [From {Race} a tribe, family.] 1. Having a strong flavor indicating origin; of distinct characteristic taste; tasting of the soil; hence, fresh; rich. The racy wine, Late from the mellowing cask restored to light. --Pope. 2. Hence: Exciting to the mental taste by a strong or distinctive character of thought or language; peculiar and piquant; fresh and lively. Our raciest, most idiomatic popular word. --M. Arnold. Burn's English, though not so racy as his Scotch, is generally correct. --H. Coleridge. The rich and racy humor of a natural converser fresh from the plow. --Prof. Wilson. Syn: Spicy; spirited; lively; smart; piquant. Usage: {Racy}, {Spicy}. Racy refers primarily to that peculiar flavor which certain wines are supposed to derive from the soil in which the grapes were grown; and hence we call a style or production racy when it [bd]smacks of the soil,[b8] or has an uncommon degree of natural freshness and distinctiveness of thought and language. Spicy, when applied, has reference to a spirit and pungency added by art, seasoning the matter like a condiment. It does not, like racy, suggest native peculiarity. A spicy article in a magazine; a spicy retort. Racy in conversation; a racy remark. Rich, racy verses, in which we The soil from which they come, taste, smell, and see. --Cowley. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rag \Rag\, v. t. 1. (Music) To play or compose (a piece, melody, etc.) in syncopated time. [Colloq.] 2. To dance to ragtime music, esp. in some manner considered indecorous. [Colloq. or Slang] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rag \Rag\, v. t. 1. To break (ore) into lumps for sorting. 2. To cut or dress roughly, as a grindstone. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rag \Rag\, v. t. [Cf. Icel. r[91]gja to calumniate, OHG, ruogen to accuse, G. r[81]gen to censure, AS. wr[emac]gan, Goth. wr[omac]hjan to accuse.] To scold or rail at; to rate; to tease; to torment; to banter. [Prov. Eng.] --Pegge. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rag \Rag\, n. [OE. ragge, probably of Scand, origin; cf. Icel. r[94]gg rough hair. Cf. {Rug}, n.] 1. A piece of cloth torn off; a tattered piece of cloth; a shred; a tatter; a fragment. Cowls, hoods, and habits, with their wearers, tossed, And fluttered into rags. --Milton. Not having otherwise any rag of legality to cover the shame of their cruelty. --Fuller. 2. pl. Hence, mean or tattered attire; worn-out dress. And virtue, though in rags, will keep me warm. --Dryden. 3. A shabby, beggarly fellow; a ragamuffin. The other zealous rag is the compositor. --B. Jonson. Upon the proclamation, they all came in, both tag and rag. --Spenser. 4. (Geol.) A coarse kind of rock, somewhat cellular in texture. 5. (Metal Working) A ragged edge. 6. A sail, or any piece of canvas. [Nautical Slang] Our ship was a clipper with every rag set. --Lowell. {Rag bolt}, an iron pin with barbs on its shank to retain it in place. {Rag carpet}, a carpet of which the weft consists of narrow of cloth sewed together, end to end. {Rag dust}, fine particles of ground-up rags, used in making papier-mach[82] and wall papers. {Rag wheel}. (a) A chain wheel; a sprocket wheel. (b) A polishing wheel made of disks of cloth clamped together on a mandrel. {Rag wool}, wool obtained by tearing woolen rags into fine bits, shoddy. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rag \Rag\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Ragged}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Ragging}.] To become tattered. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rage \Rage\, n. [F., fr. L. rabies, fr. rabere to rave; cf. Skr. rabh to seize, rabhas violence. Cf. {Rabid}, {Rabies}, {Rave}.] 1. Violent excitement; eager passion; extreme vehemence of desire, emotion, or suffering, mastering the will. [bd]In great rage of pain.[b8] --Bacon. He appeased the rage of hunger with some scraps of broken meat. --Macaulay. Convulsed with a rage of grief. --Hawthorne. 2. Especially, anger accompanied with raving; overmastering wrath; violent anger; fury. torment, and loud lament, and furious rage. --Milton. 3. A violent or raging wind. [Obs.] --Chaucer. 4. The subject of eager desire; that which is sought after, or prosecuted, with unreasonable or excessive passion; as, to be all the rage. Syn: Anger; vehemence; excitement; passion; fury. See {Anger}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rage \Rage\, v. t. To enrage. [Obs.] --Shak. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rage \Rage\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Raged}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Raging}.] [OF. ragier. See {Rage}, n.] 1. To be furious with anger; to be exasperated to fury; to be violently agitated with passion. [bd]Whereat he inly raged.[b8] --Milton. When one so great begins to rage, he a hunted Even to falling. --Shak. 2. To be violent and tumultuous; to be violently driven or agitated; to act or move furiously; as, the raging sea or winds. Why do the heathen rage ? --Ps. ii. 1. The madding wheels Of brazen chariots raged; dire was the noise. --Milton. 3. To ravage; to prevail without restraint, or with destruction or fatal effect; as, the plague raged in Cairo. 4. To toy or act wantonly; to sport. [Obs.] --Chaucer. Syn: To storm; fret; chafe; fume. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Raggie \Rag"gie\, [or] Raggy \Rag"gy\, a. Ragged; rough. [Obs.] [bd]A stony and raggie hill.[b8] --Holland. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Raggie \Rag"gie\, [or] Raggy \Rag"gy\, a. Ragged; rough. [Obs.] [bd]A stony and raggie hill.[b8] --Holland. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rais \Rais\, n. Same as 2d {Reis}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reis \Reis\ (r[imac]s), n. [Ar. ra[ium]s head, chief, prince.] A common title in the East for a person in authority, especially the captain of a ship. [Written also {rais} and {ras}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rais \Rais\, n. Same as 2d {Reis}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reis \Reis\ (r[imac]s), n. [Ar. ra[ium]s head, chief, prince.] A common title in the East for a person in authority, especially the captain of a ship. [Written also {rais} and {ras}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Raise \Raise\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Raised}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Raising}.] [OE. reisen, Icel. reisa, causative of r[c6]sa to rise. See {Rise}, and cf. {Rear} to raise.] 1. To cause to rise; to bring from a lower to a higher place; to lift upward; to elevate; to heave; as, to raise a stone or weight. Hence, figuratively: (a) To bring to a higher condition or situation; to elevate in rank, dignity, and the like; to increase the value or estimation of; to promote; to exalt; to advance; to enhance; as, to raise from a low estate; to raise to office; to raise the price, and the like. This gentleman came to be raised to great titles. --Clarendon. The plate pieces of eight were raised three pence in the piece. --Sir W. Temple. (b) To increase the strength, vigor, or vehemence of; to excite; to intensify; to invigorate; to heighten; as, to raise the pulse; to raise the voice; to raise the spirits or the courage; to raise the heat of a furnace. (c) To elevate in degree according to some scale; as, to raise the pitch of the voice; to raise the temperature of a room. 2. To cause to rise up, or assume an erect position or posture; to set up; to make upright; as, to raise a mast or flagstaff. Hence: (a) To cause to spring up from recumbent position, from a state of quiet, or the like; to awaken; to arouse. They shall not awake, nor be raised out of their sleep. --Job xiv. 12. (b) To rouse to action; to stir up; to incite to tumult, struggle, or war; to excite. He commandeth, and raiseth the stormy wind. --Ps. cvii. 25. [92]neas . . . employs his pains, In parts remote, to raise the Tuscan swains. --Dryden. (c) To bring up from the lower world; to call up, as a spirit from the world of spirits; to recall from death; to give life to. Why should it be thought a thing incredible with you, that God should raise the dead ? --Acts xxvi. 8. 3. To cause to arise, grow up, or come into being or to appear; to give to; to originate, produce, cause, effect, or the like. Hence, specifically: (a) To form by the accumulation of materials or constituent parts; to build up; to erect; as, to raise a lofty structure, a wall, a heap of stones. I will raise forts against thee. --Isa. xxxix. 3. (b) To bring together; to collect; to levy; to get together or obtain for use or service; as, to raise money, troops, and the like. [bd]To raise up a rent.[b8] --Chaucer. (c) To cause to grow; to procure to be produced, bred, or propagated; to grow; as, to raise corn, barley, hops, etc.; toraise cattle. [bd]He raised sheep.[b8] [bd]He raised wheat where none grew before.[b8] --Johnson's Dict. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
d8Rai91 \[d8]Ra"i[91]\, n. pl. [NL. See {Raia}.] (Zo[94]l.) The order of elasmobranch fishes which includes the sawfishes, skates, and rays; -- called also {Raj[91]}, and {Rajii}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rajah \Ra"jah\, n. [Hind. r[be]j[be], Skr. r[be]jan, akin to L. rex, regis. See {Regal}, a.] A native prince or king; also, a landholder or person of importance in the agricultural districts. [India] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
d8Rai91 \[d8]Ra"i[91]\, n. pl. [NL. See {Raia}.] (Zo[94]l.) The order of elasmobranch fishes which includes the sawfishes, skates, and rays; -- called also {Raj[91]}, and {Rajii}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rake \Rake\, n. [OE. rakel rash; cf. Icel. reikall wandering, unsettled, reika to wander.] A loose, disorderly, vicious man; a person addicted to lewdness and other scandalous vices; a debauchee; a rou[82]. An illiterate and frivolous old rake. --Macaulay. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rake \Rake\, v. i. 1. [Icel. reika. Cf. {Rake} a debauchee.] To walk about; to gad or ramble idly. [Prov. Eng.] 2. [See {Rake} a debauchee.] To act the rake; to lead a dissolute, debauched life. --Shenstone. {To rake out} (Falconry), to fly too far and wide from its master while hovering above waiting till the game is sprung; -- said of the hawk. --Encyc. Brit. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rake \Rake\, n. [AS. race; akin to OD. rake, D. reek, OHG, rehho, G. rechen, Icel, reka a shovel, and to Goth. rikan to heap up, collect, and perhaps to Gr. [?] to stretch out, and E. rack to stretch. Cf. {Reckon}.] 1. An implement consisting of a headpiece having teeth, and a long handle at right angles to it, -- used for collecting hay, or other light things which are spread over a large surface, or for breaking and smoothing the earth. 2. A toothed machine drawn by a horse, -- used for collecting hay or grain; a horserake. 3. [Perhaps a different word.] (Mining) A fissure or mineral vein traversing the strata vertically, or nearly so; -- called also {rake-vein}. {Gill rakes}. (Anat.) See under 1st {Gill}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rake \Rake\, v. i. 1. To use a rake, as for searching or for collecting; to scrape; to search minutely. One is for raking in Chaucer for antiquated words. --Dryden. 2. To pass with violence or rapidity; to scrape along. Pas could not stay, but over him did rake. --Sir P. Sidney. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rake \Rake\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Raked}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Raking}.] [AS. racian. See 1st {Rake}.] 1. To collect with a rake; as, to rake hay; -- often with up; as, he raked up the fallen leaves. 2. Hence: To collect or draw together with laborious industry; to gather from a wide space; to scrape together; as, to rake together wealth; to rake together slanderous tales; to rake together the rabble of a town. 3. To pass a rake over; to scrape or scratch with a rake for the purpose of collecting and clearing off something, or for stirring up the soil; as, to rake a lawn; to rake a flower bed. 4. To search through; to scour; to ransack. The statesman rakes the town to find a plot. --Swift. 5. To scrape or scratch across; to pass over quickly and lightly, as a rake does. Like clouds that rake the mountain summits. --Wordsworth. 6. (Mil.) To enfilade; to fire in a direction with the length of; in naval engagements, to cannonade, as a ship, on the stern or head so that the balls range the whole length of the deck. {To rake up}. (a) To collect together, as the fire (live coals), and cover with ashes. (b) To bring up; to search out an bring to notice again; as, to rake up old scandals. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rake \Rake\, n. [Cf. dial. Sw. raka to reach, and E. reach.] To inclination of anything from a perpendicular direction; as, the rake of a roof, a staircase, etc.; especially (Naut.), the inclination of a mast or tunnel, or, in general, of any part of a vessel not perpendicular to the keel. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rake \Rake\, v. i. To incline from a perpendicular direction; as, a mast rakes aft. {Raking course} (Bricklaying), a course of bricks laid diagonally between the face courses in a thick wall, to strengthen. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ras \Ras\, n. See 2d {Reis}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reis \Reis\ (r[imac]s), n. [Ar. ra[ium]s head, chief, prince.] A common title in the East for a person in authority, especially the captain of a ship. [Written also {rais} and {ras}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ras \Ras\, n. See 2d {Reis}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reis \Reis\ (r[imac]s), n. [Ar. ra[ium]s head, chief, prince.] A common title in the East for a person in authority, especially the captain of a ship. [Written also {rais} and {ras}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rase \Rase\, n. 1. A scratching out, or erasure. [Obs.] 2. A slight wound; a scratch. [Obs.] --Hooker. 3. (O. Eng. Law) A way of measuring in which the commodity measured was made even with the top of the measuring vessel by rasing, or striking off, all that was above it. --Burrill. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rase \Rase\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Rased}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Rasing}.] [F. raser, LL. rasare to scrape often, v. freq. fr. L. radere, rasum, to scrape, shave; cf. Skr. rad to scratch, gnaw, L. rodere to gnaw. Cf. {Raze}, {Razee}, {Razor}, {Rodent}.] 1. To rub along the surface of; to graze. [Obsoles.] Was he not in the . . . neighborhood to death? and might not the bullet which rased his cheek have gone into his head? --South. Sometimes his feet rased the surface of water, and at others the skylight almost flattened his nose. --Beckford. 2. To rub or scratch out; to erase. [Obsoles.] Except we rase the faculty of memory, root and branch, out of our mind. --Fuller. 3. To level with the ground; to overthrow; to destroy; to raze. [In this sense {rase} is generally used.] Till Troy were by their brave hands rased, They would not turn home. --Chapman. Note: This word, rase, may be considered as nearly obsolete; graze, erase, and raze, having superseded it. {Rasing iron}, a tool for removing old oakum and pitch from the seams of a vessel. Syn: To erase; efface; obliterate; expunge; cancel; level; prostrate; overthrow; subvert; destroy; demolish; ruin. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rase \Rase\, v. i. To be leveled with the ground; to fall; to suffer overthrow. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Raze \Raze\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Razed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Razing}.] [F. raser. See {Rase}, v. t.] [Written also {rase}.] 1. To erase; to efface; to obliterate. Razing the characters of your renown. --Shak. 2. To subvert from the foundation; to lay level with the ground; to destroy; to demolish. The royal hand that razed unhappy Troy. --Dryden. Syn: To demolish; level; prostrate; overthrow; subvert; destroy; ruin. See {Demolish}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rase \Rase\, n. 1. A scratching out, or erasure. [Obs.] 2. A slight wound; a scratch. [Obs.] --Hooker. 3. (O. Eng. Law) A way of measuring in which the commodity measured was made even with the top of the measuring vessel by rasing, or striking off, all that was above it. --Burrill. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rase \Rase\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Rased}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Rasing}.] [F. raser, LL. rasare to scrape often, v. freq. fr. L. radere, rasum, to scrape, shave; cf. Skr. rad to scratch, gnaw, L. rodere to gnaw. Cf. {Raze}, {Razee}, {Razor}, {Rodent}.] 1. To rub along the surface of; to graze. [Obsoles.] Was he not in the . . . neighborhood to death? and might not the bullet which rased his cheek have gone into his head? --South. Sometimes his feet rased the surface of water, and at others the skylight almost flattened his nose. --Beckford. 2. To rub or scratch out; to erase. [Obsoles.] Except we rase the faculty of memory, root and branch, out of our mind. --Fuller. 3. To level with the ground; to overthrow; to destroy; to raze. [In this sense {rase} is generally used.] Till Troy were by their brave hands rased, They would not turn home. --Chapman. Note: This word, rase, may be considered as nearly obsolete; graze, erase, and raze, having superseded it. {Rasing iron}, a tool for removing old oakum and pitch from the seams of a vessel. Syn: To erase; efface; obliterate; expunge; cancel; level; prostrate; overthrow; subvert; destroy; demolish; ruin. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rase \Rase\, v. i. To be leveled with the ground; to fall; to suffer overthrow. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Raze \Raze\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Razed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Razing}.] [F. raser. See {Rase}, v. t.] [Written also {rase}.] 1. To erase; to efface; to obliterate. Razing the characters of your renown. --Shak. 2. To subvert from the foundation; to lay level with the ground; to destroy; to demolish. The royal hand that razed unhappy Troy. --Dryden. Syn: To demolish; level; prostrate; overthrow; subvert; destroy; ruin. See {Demolish}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rase \Rase\, n. 1. A scratching out, or erasure. [Obs.] 2. A slight wound; a scratch. [Obs.] --Hooker. 3. (O. Eng. Law) A way of measuring in which the commodity measured was made even with the top of the measuring vessel by rasing, or striking off, all that was above it. --Burrill. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rase \Rase\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Rased}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Rasing}.] [F. raser, LL. rasare to scrape often, v. freq. fr. L. radere, rasum, to scrape, shave; cf. Skr. rad to scratch, gnaw, L. rodere to gnaw. Cf. {Raze}, {Razee}, {Razor}, {Rodent}.] 1. To rub along the surface of; to graze. [Obsoles.] Was he not in the . . . neighborhood to death? and might not the bullet which rased his cheek have gone into his head? --South. Sometimes his feet rased the surface of water, and at others the skylight almost flattened his nose. --Beckford. 2. To rub or scratch out; to erase. [Obsoles.] Except we rase the faculty of memory, root and branch, out of our mind. --Fuller. 3. To level with the ground; to overthrow; to destroy; to raze. [In this sense {rase} is generally used.] Till Troy were by their brave hands rased, They would not turn home. --Chapman. Note: This word, rase, may be considered as nearly obsolete; graze, erase, and raze, having superseded it. {Rasing iron}, a tool for removing old oakum and pitch from the seams of a vessel. Syn: To erase; efface; obliterate; expunge; cancel; level; prostrate; overthrow; subvert; destroy; demolish; ruin. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rase \Rase\, v. i. To be leveled with the ground; to fall; to suffer overthrow. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Raze \Raze\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Razed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Razing}.] [F. raser. See {Rase}, v. t.] [Written also {rase}.] 1. To erase; to efface; to obliterate. Razing the characters of your renown. --Shak. 2. To subvert from the foundation; to lay level with the ground; to destroy; to demolish. The royal hand that razed unhappy Troy. --Dryden. Syn: To demolish; level; prostrate; overthrow; subvert; destroy; ruin. See {Demolish}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rase \Rase\, n. 1. A scratching out, or erasure. [Obs.] 2. A slight wound; a scratch. [Obs.] --Hooker. 3. (O. Eng. Law) A way of measuring in which the commodity measured was made even with the top of the measuring vessel by rasing, or striking off, all that was above it. --Burrill. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rase \Rase\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Rased}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Rasing}.] [F. raser, LL. rasare to scrape often, v. freq. fr. L. radere, rasum, to scrape, shave; cf. Skr. rad to scratch, gnaw, L. rodere to gnaw. Cf. {Raze}, {Razee}, {Razor}, {Rodent}.] 1. To rub along the surface of; to graze. [Obsoles.] Was he not in the . . . neighborhood to death? and might not the bullet which rased his cheek have gone into his head? --South. Sometimes his feet rased the surface of water, and at others the skylight almost flattened his nose. --Beckford. 2. To rub or scratch out; to erase. [Obsoles.] Except we rase the faculty of memory, root and branch, out of our mind. --Fuller. 3. To level with the ground; to overthrow; to destroy; to raze. [In this sense {rase} is generally used.] Till Troy were by their brave hands rased, They would not turn home. --Chapman. Note: This word, rase, may be considered as nearly obsolete; graze, erase, and raze, having superseded it. {Rasing iron}, a tool for removing old oakum and pitch from the seams of a vessel. Syn: To erase; efface; obliterate; expunge; cancel; level; prostrate; overthrow; subvert; destroy; demolish; ruin. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rase \Rase\, v. i. To be leveled with the ground; to fall; to suffer overthrow. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Raze \Raze\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Razed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Razing}.] [F. raser. See {Rase}, v. t.] [Written also {rase}.] 1. To erase; to efface; to obliterate. Razing the characters of your renown. --Shak. 2. To subvert from the foundation; to lay level with the ground; to destroy; to demolish. The royal hand that razed unhappy Troy. --Dryden. Syn: To demolish; level; prostrate; overthrow; subvert; destroy; ruin. See {Demolish}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rash \Rash\, v. t. [For arace] 1. To pull off or pluck violently. [Obs.] 2. To slash; to hack; to slice. [Obs.] Rushing of helms and riving plates asunder. --Spenser. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rash \Rash\, n. [OF. rashe an eruption, scurf, F. rache; fr. (assumed) LL. rasicare to scratch, fr. L. radere, rasum, to scrape, scratch, shave. See {Rase}, and cf. {Rascal}.] (Med.) A fine eruption or efflorescence on the body, with little or no elevation. {Canker rash}. See in the Vocabulary. {Nettle rash}. See {Urticaria}. {Rose rash}. See {Roseola}. {Tooth rash}. See {Red-gum}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rash \Rash\, n. [Cf. F. ras short-nap cloth, It. & Sp. raso satin (cf. {Rase}); or cf. It. rascia serge, G. rasch, probably fr. Arras in France (cf. {Arras}).] An inferior kind of silk, or mixture of silk and worsted. [Obs.] --Donne. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rash \Rash\, a. [Compar. {Rasher}; superl. {Rashest}.] [Probably of Scand. origin; cf. Dan. & Sw. rask quick, brisk, rash, Icel. r[94]skr vigorous, brave, akin to D. & G. rasch quick, of uncertain origin.] 1. Sudden in action; quick; hasty. [Obs.] [bd]Strong as aconitum or rash gunpowder.[b8] --Shak. 2. Requiring sudden action; pressing; urgent. [Obs.] I scarce have leisure to salute you, My matter is so rash. --Shak. 3. Esp., overhasty in counsel or action; precipitate; resolving or entering on a project or measure without due deliberation and caution; opposed to prudent; said of persons; as, a rash statesman or commander. 4. Uttered or undertaken with too much haste or too little reflection; as, rash words; rash measures. 5. So dry as to fall out of the ear with handling, as corn. [Prov. Eng.] Syn: Precipitate; headlong; headstrong; foolhardy; hasty; indiscreet; heedless; thoughtless; incautious; careless; inconsiderate; unwary. Usage: {Rash}, {Adventurous}, {Foolhardy}. A man is adventurous who incurs risk or hazard from a love of the arduous and the bold. A man is rash who does it from the mere impulse of his feelings, without counting the cost. A man is foolhardy who throws himself into danger in disregard or defiance of the consequences. Was never known a more adventurous knight. --Dryden. Her rush hand in evil hour Forth reaching to the fruit, she plucked, she eat. --Milton. If any yet to be foolhardy To expose themselves to vain jeopardy; If they come wounded off, and lame, No honors got by such a maim. --Hudibras. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rash \Rash\, v. t. To prepare with haste. [Obs.] --Foxe. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rasse \Rasse\, n. [Cf. Malay r[be]sa taste, sensation.] (Zo[94]l.) A carnivore ({Viverricula Mallaccensis}) allied to the civet but smaller, native of China and the East Indies. It furnishes a perfume resembling that of the civet, which is highly prized by the Javanese. Called also {Malacca weasel}, and {lesser civet}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rawish \Raw"ish\, a. Somewhat raw. [R.] --Marston. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Raze \Raze\, n. [See {Rack}.] A Shakespearean word (used once) supposed to mean the same as race, a root. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Raze \Raze\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Razed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Razing}.] [F. raser. See {Rase}, v. t.] [Written also {rase}.] 1. To erase; to efface; to obliterate. Razing the characters of your renown. --Shak. 2. To subvert from the foundation; to lay level with the ground; to destroy; to demolish. The royal hand that razed unhappy Troy. --Dryden. Syn: To demolish; level; prostrate; overthrow; subvert; destroy; ruin. See {Demolish}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Razee \Ra*zee"\, n. [F. vaisseau ras[82], fr. raser to rase, to cut down ships. See {Raze}, v. t., {Rase}, v. t.] (Naut.) An armed ship having her upper deck cut away, and thus reduced to the next inferior rate, as a seventy-four cut down to a frigate. --Totten. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Razoe \Ra*zoe"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Razeed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Razeeing}.] To cut down to a less number of decks, and thus to an inferior rate or glass, as a ship; hence, to prune or abridge by cutting off or retrenching parts; as, to razee a book, or an article. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Re89cho \Re*[89]ch"o\ (r[emac]*[ecr]k"[osl]), v. t. To echo back; to reverberate again; as, the hills re[89]cho the roar of cannon. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Re89cho \Re*[89]ch"o\, v. i. To give echoes; to return back, or be reverberated, as an echo; to resound; to be resonant. And a loud groan re[89]choes from the main. --Pope. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Re89cho \Re*[89]ch"o\, n. The echo of an echo; a repeated or second echo. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Retch \Retch\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Retched}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Retching}.] [AS. hr[?]can to clear the throat, hawk, fr. hraca throat; akin to G. rachen, and perhaps to E. rack neck.] To make an effort to vomit; to strain, as in vomiting. [Written also {reach}.] Beloved Julia, hear me still beseeching! (Here he grew inarticulate with retching.) --Byron. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reach \Reach\, n. An effort to vomit. [R.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reach \Reach\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Reached}({Raught}, the old preterit, is obsolete); p. pr. & vb. n. {Reaching}.] [OE. rechen, AS. r[aemac]can, r[aemac]cean, to extend, stretch out; akin to D. reiken, G. reichen, and possibly to AS. r[c6]ce powerful, rich, E. rich. [root]115.] 1. To extend; to stretch; to thrust out; to put forth, as a limb, a member, something held, or the like. Her tresses yellow, and long straughten, Unto her heeles down they raughten. --Rom. of R. Reach hither thy hand and thrust it into my side. --John xx. 27. Fruit trees, over woody, reached too far Their pampered boughs. --Milton. 2. Hence, to deliver by stretching out a member, especially the hand; to give with the hand; to pass to another; to hand over; as, to reach one a book. He reached me a full cap. --2 Esd. xiv. 39. 3. To attain or obtain by stretching forth the hand; too extend some part of the body, or something held by one, so as to touch, strike, grasp, or the like; as, to reach an object with the hand, or with a spear. O patron power, . . . thy present aid afford, Than I may reach the beast. --Dryden. 4. To strike, hit, or tough with a missile; as, to reach an object with an arrow, a bullet, or a shell. 5. Hence, to extend an action, effort, or influence to; to penetrate to; to pierce, or cut, as far as. If these examples of grown men reach not the case of children, let them examine. --Locke. 6. To extend to; to stretch out as far as; to touch by virtue of extent; as, his hand reaches the river. Thy desire . . . leads to no excess That reaches blame. --Milton. 7. To arrive at by effort of any kind; to attain to; to gain; to be advanced to. The best account of the appearances of nature which human penetration can reach, comes short of its reality. --Cheyne. 9. To understand; to comprehend. [Obs.] Do what, sir? I reach you not. --Beau. & Fl. 10. To overreach; to deceive. [Obs.] --South. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reach \Reach\, n. 1. The act of stretching or extending; extension; power of reaching or touching with the person, or a limb, or something held or thrown; as, the fruit is beyond my reach; to be within reach of cannon shot. 2. The power of stretching out or extending action, influence, or the like; power of attainment or management; extent of force or capacity. Drawn by others who had deeper reaches than themselves to matters which they least intended. --Hayward. Be sure yourself and your own reach to know. --Pope. 3. Extent; stretch; expanse; hence, application; influence; result; scope. And on the left hand, hell, With long reach, interposed. --Milton. I am to pray you not to strain my speech To grosser issues, nor to larger reach Than to suspicion. --Shak. 4. An extended portion of land or water; a stretch; a straight portion of a stream or river, as from one turn to another; a level stretch, as between locks in a canal; an arm of the sea extending up into the land. [bd]The river's wooded reach.[b8] --Tennyson. The coast . . . is very full of creeks and reaches. --Holland. 5. An article to obtain an advantage. The Duke of Parma had particular reaches and ends of his own underhand to cross the design. --Bacon. 6. The pole or rod which connects the hind axle with the forward bolster of a wagon. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reach \Reach\, v. t. 1. To stretch out the hand. Goddess humane, reach, then, and freely taste! --Milton. 2. To strain after something; to make efforts. Reaching above our nature does no good. --Dryden. 3. To extend in dimension, time, amount, action, influence, etc., so as to touch, attain to, or be equal to, something. And behold, a ladder set upon the earth, and the top of it reached to heaven. --Gen. xxviii. 12. The new world reaches quite across the torrid zone. --Boyle. 4. (Naut.) To sail on the wind, as from one point of tacking to another, or with the ind nearly abeam. {To reach after} [or] {at}, to make efforts to attain to or obtain. He would be in the mind reaching after a positive idea of infinity. --Locke. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Retch \Retch\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Retched}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Retching}.] [AS. hr[?]can to clear the throat, hawk, fr. hraca throat; akin to G. rachen, and perhaps to E. rack neck.] To make an effort to vomit; to strain, as in vomiting. [Written also {reach}.] Beloved Julia, hear me still beseeching! (Here he grew inarticulate with retching.) --Byron. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reach \Reach\, n. An effort to vomit. [R.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reach \Reach\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Reached}({Raught}, the old preterit, is obsolete); p. pr. & vb. n. {Reaching}.] [OE. rechen, AS. r[aemac]can, r[aemac]cean, to extend, stretch out; akin to D. reiken, G. reichen, and possibly to AS. r[c6]ce powerful, rich, E. rich. [root]115.] 1. To extend; to stretch; to thrust out; to put forth, as a limb, a member, something held, or the like. Her tresses yellow, and long straughten, Unto her heeles down they raughten. --Rom. of R. Reach hither thy hand and thrust it into my side. --John xx. 27. Fruit trees, over woody, reached too far Their pampered boughs. --Milton. 2. Hence, to deliver by stretching out a member, especially the hand; to give with the hand; to pass to another; to hand over; as, to reach one a book. He reached me a full cap. --2 Esd. xiv. 39. 3. To attain or obtain by stretching forth the hand; too extend some part of the body, or something held by one, so as to touch, strike, grasp, or the like; as, to reach an object with the hand, or with a spear. O patron power, . . . thy present aid afford, Than I may reach the beast. --Dryden. 4. To strike, hit, or tough with a missile; as, to reach an object with an arrow, a bullet, or a shell. 5. Hence, to extend an action, effort, or influence to; to penetrate to; to pierce, or cut, as far as. If these examples of grown men reach not the case of children, let them examine. --Locke. 6. To extend to; to stretch out as far as; to touch by virtue of extent; as, his hand reaches the river. Thy desire . . . leads to no excess That reaches blame. --Milton. 7. To arrive at by effort of any kind; to attain to; to gain; to be advanced to. The best account of the appearances of nature which human penetration can reach, comes short of its reality. --Cheyne. 9. To understand; to comprehend. [Obs.] Do what, sir? I reach you not. --Beau. & Fl. 10. To overreach; to deceive. [Obs.] --South. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reach \Reach\, n. 1. The act of stretching or extending; extension; power of reaching or touching with the person, or a limb, or something held or thrown; as, the fruit is beyond my reach; to be within reach of cannon shot. 2. The power of stretching out or extending action, influence, or the like; power of attainment or management; extent of force or capacity. Drawn by others who had deeper reaches than themselves to matters which they least intended. --Hayward. Be sure yourself and your own reach to know. --Pope. 3. Extent; stretch; expanse; hence, application; influence; result; scope. And on the left hand, hell, With long reach, interposed. --Milton. I am to pray you not to strain my speech To grosser issues, nor to larger reach Than to suspicion. --Shak. 4. An extended portion of land or water; a stretch; a straight portion of a stream or river, as from one turn to another; a level stretch, as between locks in a canal; an arm of the sea extending up into the land. [bd]The river's wooded reach.[b8] --Tennyson. The coast . . . is very full of creeks and reaches. --Holland. 5. An article to obtain an advantage. The Duke of Parma had particular reaches and ends of his own underhand to cross the design. --Bacon. 6. The pole or rod which connects the hind axle with the forward bolster of a wagon. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reach \Reach\, v. t. 1. To stretch out the hand. Goddess humane, reach, then, and freely taste! --Milton. 2. To strain after something; to make efforts. Reaching above our nature does no good. --Dryden. 3. To extend in dimension, time, amount, action, influence, etc., so as to touch, attain to, or be equal to, something. And behold, a ladder set upon the earth, and the top of it reached to heaven. --Gen. xxviii. 12. The new world reaches quite across the torrid zone. --Boyle. 4. (Naut.) To sail on the wind, as from one point of tacking to another, or with the ind nearly abeam. {To reach after} [or] {at}, to make efforts to attain to or obtain. He would be in the mind reaching after a positive idea of infinity. --Locke. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reak \Reak\, n. [[?][?][?][?]. Cf. {Wrack} seaweed.] A rush. [Obs.] [bd]Feeds on reaks and reeds.[b8] --Drant. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reak \Reak\, n. [Cf. Icel. hrekkr, or E. wreak vengeance.] A prank. [Obs.] [bd]They play such reaks.[b8] --Beau. & Fl. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reawake \Re`a*wake"\, v. i. To awake again. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Recche \Rec"che\, v. i. To reck. [Obs.] --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reck \Reck\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Recked}(obs. imp. {Roughte}); p. pr. & vb. n. {Recking}.] [AS. reccan, r[emac]can, to care for; akin to OS. r[omac]kian, OHG. ruochan, G. geruhen, Icel. r[91]kja, also to E. reckon, rake an implement. See {Rake}, and cf. {Reckon}.] 1. To make account of; to care for; to heed; to regard. [Archaic] This son of mine not recking danger. --Sir P. Sidney. And may you better reck the rede Than ever did the adviser. --Burns. 2. To concern; -- used impersonally. [Poetic] What recks it them? --Milton. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reck \Reck\, v. i. To make account; to take heed; to care; to mind; -- often followed by of. [Archaic] Then reck I not, when I have lost my life. --Chaucer. I reck not though I end my life to-day. --Shak. Of me she recks not, nor my vain desire. --M. Arnold. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reechy \Reech"y\ (r[emac]ch"[ycr]), a. [See {Reeky}.] Smoky; reeky; hence, begrimed with dirt. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reek \Reek\ (r[emac]k), n. A rick. [Obs.] --B. Jonson. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reek \Reek\, n. [AS. r[emc]c; akin to OFries. r[emac]k, LG. & D. rook, G. rauch, OHG. rouh, Dan. r[94]g, Sw. r[94]k, Icel. reykr, and to AS. re[oacute]can to reek, smoke, Icel. rj[umac]ka, G. riechen to smell.] Vapor; steam; smoke; fume. As hateful to me as the reek of a limekiln. --Shak. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reek \Reek\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Reeked} (r[emac]kt); p. pr. & vb. n. {Reeking}.] [As. r[emac]can. See {Reek} vapor.] To emit vapor, usually that which is warm and moist; to be full of fumes; to steam; to smoke; to exhale. Few chimneys reeking you shall espy. --Spenser. I found me laid In balmy sweat, which with his beams the sun Soon dried, and on the reeking moisture fed. --Milton. The coffee rooms reeked with tobacco. --Macaulay. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reeky \Reek"y\ (-?), a. [From 2d {Reek}; cf. {Reechy}.] 1. Soiled with smoke or steam; smoky; foul. --Shak. 2. Emitting reek. [bd]Reeky fen.[b8] --Sir W. Scott. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rehash \Re*hash"\ (r?*h?sh"), v. t. To hash over again; to prepare or use again; as, to rehash old arguments. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rehash \Re*hash"\, n. Something hashed over, or made up from old materials. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rei \Rei\ (r?), n.;pl. {Reis} (r[?]"[?]s or r[?]z). [Pg. real, pl. reis. See {Real} a coin.] A portuguese money of account, in value about one tenth of a cent. [Spelt also {ree}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reis \Reis\ (r[imac]s), n. [Ar. ra[ium]s head, chief, prince.] A common title in the East for a person in authority, especially the captain of a ship. [Written also {rais} and {ras}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reissue \Re*is"sue\ (r?*?sh"?), v. t. & i. To issue a second time. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reissue \Re*is"sue\, n. A second or repeated issue. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
d8Res \[d8]Res\ (r?z), n.; pl. {Res}. [L.] A thing; the particular thing; a matter; a point. {[d8]Res gest[91]} [L., things done] (Law), the facts which form the environment of a litigated issue. --Wharton. {[d8]Res judicata} [L.] (Law), a thing adjudicated; a matter no longer open to controversy. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Resaw \Re*saw"\ (r[?]-s[?]"), v. t. To saw again; specifically, to saw a balk, or a timber, which has already been squared, into dimension lumber, as joists, boards, etc. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rescowe \Res"cowe\ (r?s"kou), v. t. To rescue. [Obs.] --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rescue \Res"cue\ (r?s"k?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Rescued} (-k?d);p. pr. & vb. n. {Rescuing}.] [OE. rescopuen, OF. rescourre, rescurre, rescorre; L. pref. re- re- + excutere to shake or drive out; ex out + quatere to shake. See {Qtash} to crush, {Rercussion}.] To free or deliver from any confinement, violence, danger, or evil; to liberate from actual restraint; to remove or withdraw from a state of exposure to evil; as, to rescue a prisoner from the enemy; to rescue seamen from destruction. Had I been seized by a hungry lion, I would have been a breakfast to the best, Rather than have false Proteus rescue me. --Shak. Syn: To retake; recapture; free; deliver; liberate; release; save. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rescue \Res"cue\ (r?s"k?), n. [From {Rescue}, v.; cf. {Rescous}.] 1. The act of rescuing; deliverance from restraint, violence, or danger; liberation. Spur to the rescue of the noble Talbot. --Shak. 2. (Law) (a) The forcible retaking, or taking away, against law, of things lawfully distrained. (b) The forcible liberation of a person from an arrest or imprisonment. (c) The retaking by a party captured of a prize made by the enemy. --Bouvier. The rescue of a prisoner from the court is punished with perpetual imprisonment and forfeiture of goods. --Blackstone. {Rescue grass}. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Bot.) A tall grass ({Ceratochloa unioloides}) somewhat resembling chess, cultivated for hay and forage in the Southern States. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rese \Rese\ (r?z), v. i. To shake; to quake; to tremble. [Obs.] [bd]It made all the gates for to rese.[b8] --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Resow \Re*sow"\ (r?*s?"), v. t. To sow again. --Bacon. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rewake \Re*wake""\, v. t. & i. To wake again. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reyse \Reyse\, v. t. To raise. [Obs.] --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reyse \Reyse\, v. i. [Cf. G. reisen to travel.] To go on a military expedition. [Obs.] --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rheic \Rhe"ic\, a. [NL. Rheum rhubarb, Gr. [?][?][?] See {Rhubarb}.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid (commonly called chrysophanic acid) found in rhubarb ({Rheum}). [Obsoles.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
d8Planaria \[d8]Pla*na"ri*a\, n.; pl. L. {Planari[91]}, E. {-rias}. [NL. See {Planary}.] (Zo[94]l.) Any species of turbellarian worms belonging to {Planaria}, and many allied genera. The body is usually flat, thin, and smooth. Some species, in warm countries, are terrestrial. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
-ric \-ric\ [AS r[c6]ce kingdom, dominion. See {Rich}.] A suffix signifying dominion, jurisdiction; as, bishopric, the district over which a bishop exercises authority. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rice \Rice\, n. [F. riz (cf. Pr. ris, It. riso), L. oryza, Gr. [?][?][?], [?][?][?], probably from the Persian; cf. OPers. br[c6]zi, akin to Skr. vr[c6]hi; or perh. akin to E. rye. Cf. {Rye}.] (Bot.) A well-known cereal grass ({Oryza sativa}) and its seed. This plant is extensively cultivated in warm climates, and the grain forms a large portion of the food of the inhabitants. In America it grows chiefly on low, moist land, which can be overflowed. {Ant rice}. (Bot.) See under {Ant}. {French rice}. (Bot.) See {Amelcorn}. {Indian rice}., a tall reedlike water grass ({Zizania aquatica}), bearing panicles of a long, slender grain, much used for food by North American Indians. It is common in shallow water in the Northern States. Called also {water oat}, {Canadian wild rice}, etc. {Mountain rice}, any species of an American genus ({Oryzopsis}) of grasses, somewhat resembling rice. {Rice bunting}. (Zo[94]l.) Same as {Ricebird}. {Rice hen} (Zo[94]l.), the Florida gallinule. {Rice mouse} (Zo[94]l.), a large dark-colored field mouse ({Calomys palistris}) of the Southern United States. {Rice paper}, a kind of thin, delicate paper, brought from China, -- used for painting upon, and for the manufacture of fancy articles. It is made by cutting the pith of a large herb ({Fatsia papyrifera}, related to the ginseng) into one roll or sheet, which is flattened out under pressure. Called also {pith paper}. {Rice troupial} (Zo[94]l.), the bobolink. {Rice water}, a drink for invalids made by boiling a small quantity of rice in water. {Rice-water discharge} (Med.), a liquid, resembling rice water in appearance, which is vomited, and discharged from the bowels, in cholera. {Rice weevil} (Zo[94]l.), a small beetle ({Calandra, [or] Sitophilus, oryz[91]}) which destroys rice, wheat, and Indian corn by eating out the interior; -- called also {black weevil}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rich \Rich\, (r[icr]ch), a. [Compar. {Richer}; superl. {Richest}.] [OE. riche, AS. r[c6]ce rich, powerful; akin to OS. r[c6]ki, D. rijk, G. reich, OHG. r[c6]hhi, Icel. r[c6]kr, Sw. rik, Dan. rig, Goth. reiks; from a word meaning, ruler, king, probably borrowed from Celtic, and akin to L. rex, regis, king, regere to guide, rule. [root]283. See {Right}, and cf. {Derrick}, {Enrich}, {Rajah}, {Riches}, {Royal}.] 1. Having an abundance of material possessions; possessed of a large amount of property; well supplied with land, goods, or money; wealthy; opulent; affluent; -- opposed to {poor}. [bd]Rich merchants.[b8] --Chaucer. The rich [person] hath many friends. --Prov. xiv. 20. As a thief, bent to unhoard the cash Of some rich burgher. --Milton. 2. Hence, in general, well supplied; abounding; abundant; copious; bountiful; as, a rich treasury; a rich entertainment; a rich crop. If life be short, it shall be glorious; Each minute shall be rich in some great action. --Rowe. The gorgeous East with richest hand Showers on her kings barbaric pearl and gold. --Milton. 3. Yielding large returns; productive or fertile; fruitful; as, rich soil or land; a rich mine. 4. Composed of valuable or costly materials or ingredients; procured at great outlay; highly valued; precious; sumptuous; costly; as, a rich dress; rich silk or fur; rich presents. Like to rich and various gems. --Milton. 5. Abounding in agreeable or nutritive qualities; -- especially applied to articles of food or drink which are high-seasoned or abound in oleaginous ingredients, or are sweet, luscious, and high-flavored; as, a rich dish; rich cream or soup; rich pastry; rich wine or fruit. Sauces and rich spices are fetched from India. --Baker. 6. Not faint or delicate; vivid; as, a rich color. 7. Full of sweet and harmonius sounds; as, a rich voice; rich music. 8. Abounding in beauty; gorgeous; as, a rich landscape; rich scenery. 9. Abounding in humor; exciting amusement; entertaining; as, the scene was a rich one; a rich incident or character. [Colloq.] --Thackeray. Note: Rich is sometimes used in the formation of self-explaining compounds; as, rich-fleeced, rich-jeweled, rich-laden, rich-stained. Syn: Wealthy; affluent; opulent; ample; copious; abundant; plentiful; fruitful; costly; sumptuous; precious; generous; luscious. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rich \Rich\, v. t. To enrich. [Obs.] --Gower. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rick \Rick\, n. [OE. reek, rek, AS. hre[a0]c a heap; akin to hryce rick, Icel. hraukr.] A stack or pile, as of grain, straw, or hay, in the open air, usually protected from wet with thatching. Golden clusters of beehive ricks, rising at intervals beyond the hedgerows. --G. Eliot. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rick \Rick\, v. t. To heap up in ricks, as hay, etc. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Lachrymatory \Lach"ry*ma*to*ry\, n.; pl. -{ries}. [Cf. F. lacrymatoire.] (Antiq.) A [bd]tear-bottle;[b8] a narrow-necked vessel found in sepulchers of the ancient Romans; -- so called from a former notion that the tears of the deceased person's friends were collected in it. Called also {lachrymal} or {lacrymal}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Lectionary \Lec"tion*a*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries}. [LL. lectionarium, lectionarius : cf. F. lectionnaire.] (Eccl.) A book, or a list, of lections, for reading in divine service. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Limitary \Lim"i*ta*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries} (-r[icr]z). 1. That which serves to limit; a boundary; border land. [Obs.] --Fuller. 2. A limiter. See {Limiter}, 2. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Responsory \Re*spon"so*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries} (-r[?]z). [LL. responsorium.] 1. (Eccl.) (a) The answer of the people to the priest in alternate speaking, in church service. (b) A versicle sung in answer to the priest, or as a refrain. Which, if should repeat again, would turn my answers into responsories, and beget another liturgy. --Milton. 2. (Eccl.) An antiphonary; a response book. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sacramentary \Sac`ra*men"ta*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries}. [LL. sacramentarium: cf. F. sacramentaire.] 1. An ancient book of the Roman Catholic Church, written by Pope Gelasius, and revised, corrected, and abridged by St. Gregory, in which were contained the rites for Mass, the sacraments, the dedication of churches, and other ceremonies. There are several ancient books of the same kind in France and Germany. 2. Same as {Sacramentarian}, n., 1. Papists, Anabaptists, and Sacramentaries. --Jer. Taylor. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Fumatory \Fu"ma*to*ry\, a. [See {Fumatorium}.] Pert. to, or concerned with, smoking. -- n.; pl. {-ries}. A place for subjecting things to smoke or vapor. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Concessionary \Con*ces"sion*a*ry\, a. Of or pertaining to a concession. -- n.; pl. {-ries}. A concessionaire. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Signatory \Sig"na*to*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries}. A signer; one who signs or subscribes; as, a conference of signatories. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ossuary \Os"su*a*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries}. [L. ossuarium, fr. ossuarius of or bones, fr. os, ossis, bone: cf. F. ossuaire.] A place where the bones of the dead are deposited; a charnel house. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ostiary \Os"ti*a*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries}. [L. ostium door, entrance. See {Usher}.] 1. The mouth of a river; an estuary. [R.] --Sir T. Browne. 2. One who keeps the door, especially the door of a church; a porter. --N. Bacon. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stillatory \Stil"la*to*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries}. [From {Still}, for distill. Cf. {Still}, n., and {Distillatory}, a.] 1. An alembic; a vessel for distillation. [R.] --Bacon. 2. A laboratory; a place or room in which distillation is performed. [R.] --Dr. H. More. --Sir H. Wotton. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stationary \Sta"tion*a*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries}. One who, or that which, is stationary, as a planet when apparently it has neither progressive nor retrograde motion. --Holland. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Prothonotary \Pro*thon"o*ta*ry\, [or] Protonotary \Pro*ton"o*ta*ry\, n.; pl> {-ries}. [LL. protonotarius, fr. Gr. prw^tos first + L. notarius a shorthand writer, a scribe: cf. F. protonotaire.] 1. A chief notary or clerk. [bd] My private prothonotary.[b8] --Herrick. 2. Formerly, a chief clerk in the Court of King's Bench and in the Court of Common Pleas, now superseded by the master. [Eng.] --Wharton. Burrill. 3. A register or chief clerk of a court in certain States of the United States. 4. (R. C. Ch.) Formerly, one who had the charge of writing the acts of the martyrs, and the circumstances of their death; now, one of twelve persons, constituting a college in the Roman Curia, whose office is to register pontifical acts and to make and preserve the official record of beatifications. 5. (Gr. Ch.) The chief secretary of the patriarch of Constantinople. {Prothonotary warbler} (Zo[94]l.), a small American warbler ({Protonotaria citrea}). The general color is golden yellow, the back is olivaceous, the rump and tail are ash-color, several outer tail feathers are partly white. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reformatory \Re*form"a*to*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries} (-r[?]z). An institution for promoting the reformation of offenders. Magistrates may send juvenile offenders to reformatories instead of to prisons. --Eng. Cyc. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Refrigeratory \Re*frig"er*a*to*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries} (-fr[?]z). [CF. F. r[82]frig[82]ratoire.] That which refrigerates or cools. Specifically: (a) In distillation, a vessel filled with cold water, surrounding the worm, the vapor in which is thereby condensed. (b) The chamber, or tank, in which ice is formed, in an ice machine. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reliquary \Rel"i*qua*ry\ (r?l"?-kw?-r?), n.; pl. {-ries} (-r[icr]z). [LL. reliquiarium, reliquiare: cf. F. reliquaire. See {Relic}.] A depositary, often a small box or casket, in which relics are kept. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bursary \Bur"sa*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries}. [LL. bursaria. See {Bursar}.] 1. The treasury of a college or monastery. 2. A scholarship or charitable foundation in a university, as in Scotland; a sum given to enable a student to pursue his studies. [bd]No woman of rank or fortune but would have a bursary in her gift.[b8] --Southey. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Masticatory \Mas"ti*ca*to*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries}. (Med.) A substance to be chewed to increase the saliva. --Bacon. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Manufactory \Man`u*fac"to*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries}. [Cf. L. factorium an oil press, prop., place where something is made. See {Manufacture}.] 1. Manufacture. [Obs.] 2. A building or place where anything is manufactured; a factory. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Lachrymatory \Lach"ry*ma*to*ry\, n.; pl. -{ries}. [Cf. F. lacrymatoire.] (Antiq.) A [bd]tear-bottle;[b8] a narrow-necked vessel found in sepulchers of the ancient Romans; -- so called from a former notion that the tears of the deceased person's friends were collected in it. Called also {lachrymal} or {lacrymal}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Lectionary \Lec"tion*a*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries}. [LL. lectionarium, lectionarius : cf. F. lectionnaire.] (Eccl.) A book, or a list, of lections, for reading in divine service. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Limitary \Lim"i*ta*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries} (-r[icr]z). 1. That which serves to limit; a boundary; border land. [Obs.] --Fuller. 2. A limiter. See {Limiter}, 2. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Responsory \Re*spon"so*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries} (-r[?]z). [LL. responsorium.] 1. (Eccl.) (a) The answer of the people to the priest in alternate speaking, in church service. (b) A versicle sung in answer to the priest, or as a refrain. Which, if should repeat again, would turn my answers into responsories, and beget another liturgy. --Milton. 2. (Eccl.) An antiphonary; a response book. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sacramentary \Sac`ra*men"ta*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries}. [LL. sacramentarium: cf. F. sacramentaire.] 1. An ancient book of the Roman Catholic Church, written by Pope Gelasius, and revised, corrected, and abridged by St. Gregory, in which were contained the rites for Mass, the sacraments, the dedication of churches, and other ceremonies. There are several ancient books of the same kind in France and Germany. 2. Same as {Sacramentarian}, n., 1. Papists, Anabaptists, and Sacramentaries. --Jer. Taylor. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Fumatory \Fu"ma*to*ry\, a. [See {Fumatorium}.] Pert. to, or concerned with, smoking. -- n.; pl. {-ries}. A place for subjecting things to smoke or vapor. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Concessionary \Con*ces"sion*a*ry\, a. Of or pertaining to a concession. -- n.; pl. {-ries}. A concessionaire. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Signatory \Sig"na*to*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries}. A signer; one who signs or subscribes; as, a conference of signatories. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ossuary \Os"su*a*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries}. [L. ossuarium, fr. ossuarius of or bones, fr. os, ossis, bone: cf. F. ossuaire.] A place where the bones of the dead are deposited; a charnel house. [Obs.] --Sir T. Browne. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ostiary \Os"ti*a*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries}. [L. ostium door, entrance. See {Usher}.] 1. The mouth of a river; an estuary. [R.] --Sir T. Browne. 2. One who keeps the door, especially the door of a church; a porter. --N. Bacon. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stillatory \Stil"la*to*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries}. [From {Still}, for distill. Cf. {Still}, n., and {Distillatory}, a.] 1. An alembic; a vessel for distillation. [R.] --Bacon. 2. A laboratory; a place or room in which distillation is performed. [R.] --Dr. H. More. --Sir H. Wotton. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stationary \Sta"tion*a*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries}. One who, or that which, is stationary, as a planet when apparently it has neither progressive nor retrograde motion. --Holland. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Prothonotary \Pro*thon"o*ta*ry\, [or] Protonotary \Pro*ton"o*ta*ry\, n.; pl> {-ries}. [LL. protonotarius, fr. Gr. prw^tos first + L. notarius a shorthand writer, a scribe: cf. F. protonotaire.] 1. A chief notary or clerk. [bd] My private prothonotary.[b8] --Herrick. 2. Formerly, a chief clerk in the Court of King's Bench and in the Court of Common Pleas, now superseded by the master. [Eng.] --Wharton. Burrill. 3. A register or chief clerk of a court in certain States of the United States. 4. (R. C. Ch.) Formerly, one who had the charge of writing the acts of the martyrs, and the circumstances of their death; now, one of twelve persons, constituting a college in the Roman Curia, whose office is to register pontifical acts and to make and preserve the official record of beatifications. 5. (Gr. Ch.) The chief secretary of the patriarch of Constantinople. {Prothonotary warbler} (Zo[94]l.), a small American warbler ({Protonotaria citrea}). The general color is golden yellow, the back is olivaceous, the rump and tail are ash-color, several outer tail feathers are partly white. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reformatory \Re*form"a*to*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries} (-r[?]z). An institution for promoting the reformation of offenders. Magistrates may send juvenile offenders to reformatories instead of to prisons. --Eng. Cyc. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Refrigeratory \Re*frig"er*a*to*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries} (-fr[?]z). [CF. F. r[82]frig[82]ratoire.] That which refrigerates or cools. Specifically: (a) In distillation, a vessel filled with cold water, surrounding the worm, the vapor in which is thereby condensed. (b) The chamber, or tank, in which ice is formed, in an ice machine. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Reliquary \Rel"i*qua*ry\ (r?l"?-kw?-r?), n.; pl. {-ries} (-r[icr]z). [LL. reliquiarium, reliquiare: cf. F. reliquaire. See {Relic}.] A depositary, often a small box or casket, in which relics are kept. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bursary \Bur"sa*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries}. [LL. bursaria. See {Bursar}.] 1. The treasury of a college or monastery. 2. A scholarship or charitable foundation in a university, as in Scotland; a sum given to enable a student to pursue his studies. [bd]No woman of rank or fortune but would have a bursary in her gift.[b8] --Southey. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Masticatory \Mas"ti*ca*to*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries}. (Med.) A substance to be chewed to increase the saliva. --Bacon. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Manufactory \Man`u*fac"to*ry\, n.; pl. {-ries}. [Cf. L. factorium an oil press, prop., place where something is made. See {Manufacture}.] 1. Manufacture. [Obs.] 2. A building or place where anything is manufactured; a factory. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rig \Rig\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Rigged}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Rigging}.] [Norweg. rigga to bind, particularly, to wrap round, rig; cf. AS. wr[c6]han to cover.] 1. To furnish with apparatus or gear; to fit with tackling. 2. To dress; to equip; to clothe, especially in an odd or fanciful manner; -- commonly followed by out. Jack was rigged out in his gold and silver lace. --L'Estrange. {To rig a purchase}, to adapt apparatus so as to get a purchase for moving a weight, as with a lever, tackle, capstan, etc. {To rig a ship} (Naut.), to fit the shrouds, stays, braces, etc., to their respective masts and yards. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rig \Rig\, n. [See {Ridge}.] A ridge. [Prov. or Scott.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rig \Rig\, n. 1. (Naut.) The peculiar fitting in shape, number, and arrangement of sails and masts, by which different types of vessels are distinguished; as, schooner rig, ship rig, etc. See Illustration in Appendix. 2. Dress; esp., odd or fanciful clothing. [Colloq.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rig \Rig\, n. [Cf. {Wriggle}.] 1. A romp; a wanton; one given to unbecoming conduct. [Obs.] --Fuller. 2. A sportive or unbecoming trick; a frolic. 3. A blast of wind. [Prov. Eng.] --Wright. That uncertain season before the rigs of Michaelmas were yet well composed. --Burke. {To run a rig}, to play a trick; to engage in a frolic; to do something strange and unbecoming. He little dreamt when he set out Of running such a rig. --Cowper. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rig \Rig\, v. i. To play the wanton; to act in an unbecoming manner; to play tricks. [bd]Rigging and rifling all ways.[b8] --Chapman. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rig \Rig\, v. t. To make free with; hence, to steal; to pilfer. [Obs. or Prov.] --Tusser. {To rig the market} (Stock Exchange), to raise or lower market prices, as by some fraud or trick. [Cant] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ris \Ris\, n. [AS. hr[c6]s; akin to D. rils, G. reis, OHG. hr[c6]s.] A bough or branch; a twig. [Obs.] As white as is the blossom upon the ris. --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rise \Rise\, v. i. [imp. {Rose}; p. p. {Risen}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Rising}.] [AS. r[c6]san; akin to OS. r[c6]san, D. rijzen, OHG. r[c6]san to rise, fall, Icel. r[c6]sa, Goth. urreisan, G. reise journey. CF. {Arise}, {Raise}, {Rear}, v.] 1. To move from a lower position to a higher; to ascend; to mount up. Specifically: (a) To go upward by walking, climbing, flying, or any other voluntary motion; as, a bird rises in the air; a fish rises to the bait. (b) To ascend or float in a fluid, as gases or vapors in air, cork in water, and the like. (c) To move upward under the influence of a projecting force; as, a bullet rises in the air. (d) To grow upward; to attain a certain height; as, this elm rises to the height of seventy feet. (e) To reach a higher level by increase of quantity or bulk; to swell; as, a river rises in its bed; the mercury rises in the thermometer. (f) To become erect; to assume an upright position; as, to rise from a chair or from a fall. (g) To leave one's bed; to arise; as, to rise early. He that would thrive, must rise by five. --Old Proverb. (h) To tower up; to be heaved up; as, the Alps rise far above the sea. (i) To slope upward; as, a path, a line, or surface rises in this direction. [bd]A rising ground.[b8] --Dryden. (j) To retire; to give up a siege. He, rising with small honor from Gunza, . . . was gone. --Knolles. (k) To swell or puff up in the process of fermentation; to become light, as dough, and the like. 2. To have the aspect or the effect of rising. Specifically: (a) To appear above the horizont, as the sun, moon, stars, and the like. [bd]He maketh his sun to rise on the evil and the good.[b8] --Matt. v. 45. (b) To become apparent; to emerge into sight; to come forth; to appear; as, an eruption rises on the skin; the land rises to view to one sailing toward the shore. (c) To become perceptible to other senses than sight; as, a noise rose on the air; odor rises from the flower. (d) To have a beginning; to proceed; to originate; as, rivers rise in lakes or springs. A scepter shall rise out of Israel. --Num. xxiv. 17. Honor and shame from no condition rise. --Pope. 3. To increase in size, force, or value; to proceed toward a climax. Specifically: (a) To increase in power or fury; -- said of wind or a storm, and hence, of passion. [bd]High winde . . . began to rise, high passions -- anger, hate.[b8] --Milton. (b) To become of higher value; to increase in price. Bullion is risen to six shillings . . . the ounce. --Locke. (c) To become larger; to swell; -- said of a boil, tumor, and the like. (d) To increase in intensity; -- said of heat. (e) To become louder, or higher in pitch, as the voice. (f) To increase in amount; to enlarge; as, his expenses rose beyond his expectations. 4. In various figurative senses. Specifically: (a) To become excited, opposed, or hostile; to go to war; to take up arms; to rebel. At our heels all hell should rise With blackest insurrection. --Milton. No more shall nation against nation rise. --Pope. (b) To attain to a better social position; to be promoted; to excel; to succeed. Some rise by sin, and some by virtue fall. --Shak. (c) To become more and more dignified or forcible; to increase in interest or power; -- said of style, thought, or discourse; as, to rise in force of expression; to rise in eloquence; a story rises in interest. (d) To come to mind; to be suggested; to occur. A thought rose in me, which often perplexes men of contemplative natures. --Spectator. (e) To come; to offer itself. There chanced to the prince's hand to rise An ancient book. --Spenser. 5. To ascend from the grave; to come to life. But now is Christ risen from the dead. --1. Cor. xv. 20. 6. To terminate an official sitting; to adjourn; as, the committee rose after agreeing to the report. It was near nine . . . before the House rose. --Macaulay. 7. To ascend on a musical scale; to take a higher pith; as, to rise a tone or semitone. 8. (Print.) To be lifted, or to admit of being lifted, from the imposing stone without dropping any of the type; -- said of a form. Syn: To arise; mount; ascend; climb; scale. Usage: {Rise}, {Appreciate}. Some in America use the word appreciate for [bd]rise in value;[b8] as, stocks appreciate, money appreciates, etc. This use is not unknown in England, but it is less common there. It is undesirable, because rise sufficiently expresses the idea, and appreciate has its own distinctive meaning, which ought not to be confused with one so entirely different. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rise \Rise\, n. 1. The act of rising, or the state of being risen. 2. The distance through which anything rises; as, the rise of the thermometer was ten degrees; the rise of the river was six feet; the rise of an arch or of a step. 3. Land which is somewhat higher than the rest; as, the house stood on a rise of land. [Colloq.] 4. Spring; source; origin; as, the rise of a stream. All wickednes taketh its rise from the heart. --R. Nelson. 5. Appearance above the horizon; as, the rise of the sun or of a planet. --Shak. 6. Increase; advance; augmentation, as of price, value, rank, property, fame, and the like. The rise or fall that may happen in his constant revenue by a Spanish war. --Sir W. Temple. 7. Increase of sound; a swelling of the voice. The ordinary rises and falls of the voice. --Bacon. 8. Elevation or ascent of the voice; upward change of key; as, a rise of a tone or semitone. 9. The spring of a fish to seize food (as a fly) near the surface of the water. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rise \Rise\, v. t. [See {Rise}, v. i.] 1. To go up; to ascend; to climb; as, to rise a hill. 2. To cause to rise; as, to rise a fish, or cause it to come to the surface of the water; to rise a ship, or bring it above the horizon by approaching it; to raise. Until we rose the bark we could not pretend to call it a chase. --W. C. Russell. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rish \Rish\, n. A rush (the plant). [Obs.] --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Risk \Risk\, n. [F. risque; cf. It. risco, risico, rischio, Pg. risco, Sp. riesgo, and also Sp. risco a steep rock; all probably fr. L. resceare to cut off; pref. re- re- + secare to cut; -- the word having been probably first used among sailors. See {Section}.] 1. Hazard; danger; peril; exposure to loss, injury, or destruction. The imminent and constant risk of assassination, a risk which has shaken very strong nerves. --Macaulay. 2. (Com.) Hazard of loss; liabillity to loss in property. {To run a risk}, to incur hazard; to encounter danger. Syn: Danger; hazard; peril; jeopardy; exposure. See {Danger}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Risk \Risk\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Risked}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Risking}.] [CF. F. risquer. See {Risk}, n.] 1. To expose to risk, hazard, or peril; to venture; as, to risk goods on board of a ship; to risk one's person in battle; to risk one's fame by a publication. 2. To incur the risk or danger of; as, to risk a battle. Syn: To hazard; peril; endanger; jeopard. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Risky \Risk"y\, a. Attended with risk or danger; hazardous. [bd]A risky matter.[b8] --W. Collins. Generalization are always risky. --Lowell. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Risse \Risse\, obs. imp. of {Rise}. --B. Jonson. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Roach \Roach\, n. [OE. rroche; cf. AS. reohha, D. rog, roch, G. roche, LG. ruche, Dan. rokke ray, Sw. rocka, and E. ray a fish.] 1. (Zo[94]l.) (a) A European fresh-water fish of the Carp family ({Leuciscus rutilus}). It is silver-white, with a greenish back. (b) An American chub ({Semotilus bullaris}); the fallfish. (c) The redfin, or shiner. 2. (Naut.) A convex curve or arch cut in the edge of a sail to prevent chafing, or to secure a better fit. {As sound as a roach} [roach perhaps being a corruption of a F. roche a rock], perfectly sound. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Roach \Roach\, n. (Zo[94]l.) A cockroach. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Roach \Roach\, v. t. 1. To cause to arch. 2. To cut off, as a horse's mane, so that the part left shall stand upright. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Roke \Roke\, n. [See {Reek}.] 1. Mist; smoke; damp [Prov. Eng.] [Written also {roak}, {rook}, and {rouk}.] 2. A vein of ore. [Pov.Eng.] --Halliwell. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Roc \Roc\, n. [Ar. & Per. rokh or rukh. Cf. {Rook} a castle.] A monstrous bird of Arabian mythology. [Written also {rock}, and {rukh}.] --Brande & C. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Roche \Roche\, n. [See {Rock}.] Rock. [Obs.] --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Roc \Roc\, n. [Ar. & Per. rokh or rukh. Cf. {Rook} a castle.] A monstrous bird of Arabian mythology. [Written also {rock}, and {rukh}.] --Brande & C. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rock \Rock\, n. See {Roc}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rock \Rock\, n. [OE. rocke; akin to D. rok, rokken, G. rocken, OHG. roccho, Dan. rok, Icel. rokkr. Cf. {Rocket} a firework.] A distaff used in spinning; the staff or frame about which flax is arranged, and from which the thread is drawn in spinning. --Chapman. Sad Clotho held the rocke, the whiles the thread By grisly Lachesis was spun with pain, That cruel Atropos eftsoon undid. --Spenser. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rock \Rock\, n. [OF. roke, F. roche; cf. Armor. roc'h, and AS. rocc.] 1. A large concreted mass of stony material; a large fixed stone or crag. See {Stone}. Come one, come all! this rock shall fly From its firm base as soon as I. --Sir W. Scott. 2. (Geol.) Any natural deposit forming a part of the earth's crust, whether consolidated or not, including sand, earth, clay, etc., when in natural beds. 3. That which resembles a rock in firmness; a defense; a support; a refuge. The Lord is my rock, and my fortress. --2 Sam. xxii. 2. 4. Fig.: Anything which causes a disaster or wreck resembling the wreck of a vessel upon a rock. 5. (Zo[94]l.) The striped bass. See under {Bass}. Note: This word is frequently used in the formation of self-explaining compounds; as, rock-bound, rock-built, rock-ribbed, rock-roofed, and the like. {Rock alum}. [Probably so called by confusion with F. roche a rock.] Same as {Roche alum}. {Rock barnacle} (Zo[94]l.), a barnacle ({Balanus balanoides}) very abundant on rocks washed by tides. {Rock bass}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) The stripped bass. See under {Bass}. (b) The goggle-eye. (c) The cabrilla. Other species are also locally called rock bass. {Rock builder} (Zo[94]l.), any species of animal whose remains contribute to the formation of rocks, especially the corals and Foraminifera. {Rock butter} (Min.), native alum mixed with clay and oxide of iron, usually in soft masses of a yellowish white color, occuring in cavities and fissures in argillaceous slate. {Rock candy}, a form of candy consisting of crystals of pure sugar which are very hard, whence the name. {Rock cavy}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Moco}. {Rock cod} (Zo[94]l.) (a) A small, often reddish or brown, variety of the cod found about rocks andledges. (b) A California rockfish. {Rock cook}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) A European wrasse ({Centrolabrus exoletus}). (b) A rockling. {Rock cork} (Min.), a variety of asbestus the fibers of which are loosely interlaced. It resembles cork in its texture. {Rock crab} (Zo[94]l.), any one of several species of large crabs of the genus {Cancer}, as the two species of the New England coast ({C. irroratus} and {C. borealis}). See Illust. under {Cancer}. {Rock cress} (Bot.), a name of several plants of the cress kind found on rocks, as {Arabis petr[91]a}, {A. lyrata}, etc. {Rock crystal} (Min.), limpid quartz. See {Quartz}, and under {Crystal}. {Rock dove} (Zo[94]l.), the rock pigeon; -- called also {rock doo}. {Rock drill}, an implement for drilling holes in rock; esp., a machine impelled by steam or compressed air, for drilling holes for blasting, etc. {Rock duck} (Zo[94]l.), the harlequin duck. {Rock eel}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Gunnel}. {Rock goat} (Zo[94]l.), a wild goat, or ibex. {Rock hopper} (Zo[94]l.), a penguin of the genus {Catarractes}. See under {Penguin}. {Rock kangaroo}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Kangaroo}, and {Petrogale}. {Rock lobster} (Zo[94]l.), any one of several species of large spinose lobsters of the genera {Panulirus} and {Palinurus}. They have no large claws. Called also {spiny lobster}, and {sea crayfish}. {Rock meal} (Min.), a light powdery variety of calcite occuring as an efflorescence. {Rock milk}. (Min.) See {Agaric mineral}, under {Agaric}. {Rock moss}, a kind of lichen; the cudbear. See {Cudbear}. {Rock oil}. See {Petroleum}. {Rock parrakeet} (Zo[94]l.), a small Australian parrakeet ({Euphema petrophila}), which nests in holes among the rocks of high cliffs. Its general color is yellowish olive green; a frontal band and the outer edge of the wing quills are deep blue, and the central tail feathers bluish green. {Rock pigeon} (Zo[94]l.), the wild pigeon ({Columba livia}) Of Europe and Asia, from which the domestic pigeon was derived. See Illust. under {Pigeon}. {Rock pipit}. (Zo[94]l.) See the Note under {Pipit}. {Rock plover}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) The black-bellied, or whistling, plover. (b) The rock snipe. {Rock ptarmigan} (Zo[94]l.), an arctic American ptarmigan ({Lagopus rupestris}), which in winter is white, with the tail and lores black. In summer the males are grayish brown, coarsely vermiculated with black, and have black patches on the back. {Rock rabbit} (Zo[94]l.), the hyrax. See {Cony}, and {Daman}. {Rock ruby} (Min.), a fine reddish variety of garnet. {Rock salt} (Min.), cloride of sodium (common salt) occuring in rocklike masses in mines; mineral salt; salt dug from the earth. In the United States this name is sometimes given to salt in large crystals, formed by evaporation from sea water in large basins or cavities. {Rock seal} (Zo[94]l.), the harbor seal. See {Seal}. {Rock shell} (Zo[94]l.), any species of Murex, Purpura, and allied genera. {Rock snake} (Zo[94]l.), any one of several large pythons; as, the royal rock snake ({Python regia}) of Africa, and the rock snake of India ({P. molurus}). The Australian rock snakes mostly belong to the allied genus {Morelia}. {Rock snipe} (Zo[94]l.), the purple sandpiper ({Tringa maritima}); -- called also {rock bird}, {rock plover}, {winter snipe}. {Rock soap} (Min.), a kind of clay having a smooth, greasy feel, and adhering to the tongue. {Rock sparrow}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) Any one of several species of Old World sparrows of the genus {Petronia}, as {P. stulla}, of Europe. (b) A North American sparrow ({Puc[91]a ruficeps}). {Rock tar}, petroleum. {Rock thrush} (Zo[94]l.), any Old World thrush of the genus {Monticola}, or {Petrocossyphus}; as, the European rock thrush ({M. saxatilis}), and the blue rock thrush of India ({M. cyaneus}), in which the male is blue throughout. {Rock tripe} (Bot.), a kind of lichen ({Umbilicaria Dillenii}) growing on rocks in the northen parts of America, and forming broad, flat, coriaceous, dark fuscous or blackish expansions. It has been used as food in cases of extremity. {Rock trout} (Zo[94]l.), any one of several species of marine food fishes of the genus {Hexagrammus}, family {Chirad[91]}, native of the North Pacific coasts; -- called also {sea trout}, {boregat}, {bodieron}, and {starling}. {Rock warbler} (Zo[94]l.), a small Australian singing bird ({Origma rubricata}) which frequents rocky ravines and water courses; -- called also {cataract bird}. {Rock wren} (Zo[94]l.), any one of several species of wrens of the genus {Salpinctes}, native of the arid plains of Lower California and Mexico. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rock \Rock\, v. i. 1. To move or be moved backward and forward; to be violently agitated; to reel; to totter. The rocking town Supplants their footsteps. --J. Philips . 2. To roll or saway backward and forward upon a support; as, to rock in a rocking-chair. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rock \Rock\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Rocked};p. pr. & vb. n. {Rocking}.] [AS. roccian; akin to Dan. rokke to move, to snake; cf. Icel. rukkja to pull, move, G. r[81]cken to move, push, pull.] 1. To cause to sway backward and forward, as a body resting on a support beneath; as, to rock a cradle or chair; to cause to vibrate; to cause to reel or totter. A rising earthquake rocked the ground. --Dryden. 2. To move as in a cradle; hence, to put to sleep by rocking; to still; to quiet. [bd]Sleep rock thy brain.[b8] --Shak. Note: Rock differs from shake, as denoting a slower, less violent, and more uniform motion, or larger movements. It differs from swing, which expresses a vibratory motion of something suspended. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Roc \Roc\, n. [Ar. & Per. rokh or rukh. Cf. {Rook} a castle.] A monstrous bird of Arabian mythology. [Written also {rock}, and {rukh}.] --Brande & C. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rock \Rock\, n. See {Roc}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rock \Rock\, n. [OE. rocke; akin to D. rok, rokken, G. rocken, OHG. roccho, Dan. rok, Icel. rokkr. Cf. {Rocket} a firework.] A distaff used in spinning; the staff or frame about which flax is arranged, and from which the thread is drawn in spinning. --Chapman. Sad Clotho held the rocke, the whiles the thread By grisly Lachesis was spun with pain, That cruel Atropos eftsoon undid. --Spenser. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rock \Rock\, n. [OF. roke, F. roche; cf. Armor. roc'h, and AS. rocc.] 1. A large concreted mass of stony material; a large fixed stone or crag. See {Stone}. Come one, come all! this rock shall fly From its firm base as soon as I. --Sir W. Scott. 2. (Geol.) Any natural deposit forming a part of the earth's crust, whether consolidated or not, including sand, earth, clay, etc., when in natural beds. 3. That which resembles a rock in firmness; a defense; a support; a refuge. The Lord is my rock, and my fortress. --2 Sam. xxii. 2. 4. Fig.: Anything which causes a disaster or wreck resembling the wreck of a vessel upon a rock. 5. (Zo[94]l.) The striped bass. See under {Bass}. Note: This word is frequently used in the formation of self-explaining compounds; as, rock-bound, rock-built, rock-ribbed, rock-roofed, and the like. {Rock alum}. [Probably so called by confusion with F. roche a rock.] Same as {Roche alum}. {Rock barnacle} (Zo[94]l.), a barnacle ({Balanus balanoides}) very abundant on rocks washed by tides. {Rock bass}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) The stripped bass. See under {Bass}. (b) The goggle-eye. (c) The cabrilla. Other species are also locally called rock bass. {Rock builder} (Zo[94]l.), any species of animal whose remains contribute to the formation of rocks, especially the corals and Foraminifera. {Rock butter} (Min.), native alum mixed with clay and oxide of iron, usually in soft masses of a yellowish white color, occuring in cavities and fissures in argillaceous slate. {Rock candy}, a form of candy consisting of crystals of pure sugar which are very hard, whence the name. {Rock cavy}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Moco}. {Rock cod} (Zo[94]l.) (a) A small, often reddish or brown, variety of the cod found about rocks andledges. (b) A California rockfish. {Rock cook}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) A European wrasse ({Centrolabrus exoletus}). (b) A rockling. {Rock cork} (Min.), a variety of asbestus the fibers of which are loosely interlaced. It resembles cork in its texture. {Rock crab} (Zo[94]l.), any one of several species of large crabs of the genus {Cancer}, as the two species of the New England coast ({C. irroratus} and {C. borealis}). See Illust. under {Cancer}. {Rock cress} (Bot.), a name of several plants of the cress kind found on rocks, as {Arabis petr[91]a}, {A. lyrata}, etc. {Rock crystal} (Min.), limpid quartz. See {Quartz}, and under {Crystal}. {Rock dove} (Zo[94]l.), the rock pigeon; -- called also {rock doo}. {Rock drill}, an implement for drilling holes in rock; esp., a machine impelled by steam or compressed air, for drilling holes for blasting, etc. {Rock duck} (Zo[94]l.), the harlequin duck. {Rock eel}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Gunnel}. {Rock goat} (Zo[94]l.), a wild goat, or ibex. {Rock hopper} (Zo[94]l.), a penguin of the genus {Catarractes}. See under {Penguin}. {Rock kangaroo}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Kangaroo}, and {Petrogale}. {Rock lobster} (Zo[94]l.), any one of several species of large spinose lobsters of the genera {Panulirus} and {Palinurus}. They have no large claws. Called also {spiny lobster}, and {sea crayfish}. {Rock meal} (Min.), a light powdery variety of calcite occuring as an efflorescence. {Rock milk}. (Min.) See {Agaric mineral}, under {Agaric}. {Rock moss}, a kind of lichen; the cudbear. See {Cudbear}. {Rock oil}. See {Petroleum}. {Rock parrakeet} (Zo[94]l.), a small Australian parrakeet ({Euphema petrophila}), which nests in holes among the rocks of high cliffs. Its general color is yellowish olive green; a frontal band and the outer edge of the wing quills are deep blue, and the central tail feathers bluish green. {Rock pigeon} (Zo[94]l.), the wild pigeon ({Columba livia}) Of Europe and Asia, from which the domestic pigeon was derived. See Illust. under {Pigeon}. {Rock pipit}. (Zo[94]l.) See the Note under {Pipit}. {Rock plover}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) The black-bellied, or whistling, plover. (b) The rock snipe. {Rock ptarmigan} (Zo[94]l.), an arctic American ptarmigan ({Lagopus rupestris}), which in winter is white, with the tail and lores black. In summer the males are grayish brown, coarsely vermiculated with black, and have black patches on the back. {Rock rabbit} (Zo[94]l.), the hyrax. See {Cony}, and {Daman}. {Rock ruby} (Min.), a fine reddish variety of garnet. {Rock salt} (Min.), cloride of sodium (common salt) occuring in rocklike masses in mines; mineral salt; salt dug from the earth. In the United States this name is sometimes given to salt in large crystals, formed by evaporation from sea water in large basins or cavities. {Rock seal} (Zo[94]l.), the harbor seal. See {Seal}. {Rock shell} (Zo[94]l.), any species of Murex, Purpura, and allied genera. {Rock snake} (Zo[94]l.), any one of several large pythons; as, the royal rock snake ({Python regia}) of Africa, and the rock snake of India ({P. molurus}). The Australian rock snakes mostly belong to the allied genus {Morelia}. {Rock snipe} (Zo[94]l.), the purple sandpiper ({Tringa maritima}); -- called also {rock bird}, {rock plover}, {winter snipe}. {Rock soap} (Min.), a kind of clay having a smooth, greasy feel, and adhering to the tongue. {Rock sparrow}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) Any one of several species of Old World sparrows of the genus {Petronia}, as {P. stulla}, of Europe. (b) A North American sparrow ({Puc[91]a ruficeps}). {Rock tar}, petroleum. {Rock thrush} (Zo[94]l.), any Old World thrush of the genus {Monticola}, or {Petrocossyphus}; as, the European rock thrush ({M. saxatilis}), and the blue rock thrush of India ({M. cyaneus}), in which the male is blue throughout. {Rock tripe} (Bot.), a kind of lichen ({Umbilicaria Dillenii}) growing on rocks in the northen parts of America, and forming broad, flat, coriaceous, dark fuscous or blackish expansions. It has been used as food in cases of extremity. {Rock trout} (Zo[94]l.), any one of several species of marine food fishes of the genus {Hexagrammus}, family {Chirad[91]}, native of the North Pacific coasts; -- called also {sea trout}, {boregat}, {bodieron}, and {starling}. {Rock warbler} (Zo[94]l.), a small Australian singing bird ({Origma rubricata}) which frequents rocky ravines and water courses; -- called also {cataract bird}. {Rock wren} (Zo[94]l.), any one of several species of wrens of the genus {Salpinctes}, native of the arid plains of Lower California and Mexico. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rock \Rock\, v. i. 1. To move or be moved backward and forward; to be violently agitated; to reel; to totter. The rocking town Supplants their footsteps. --J. Philips . 2. To roll or saway backward and forward upon a support; as, to rock in a rocking-chair. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rock \Rock\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Rocked};p. pr. & vb. n. {Rocking}.] [AS. roccian; akin to Dan. rokke to move, to snake; cf. Icel. rukkja to pull, move, G. r[81]cken to move, push, pull.] 1. To cause to sway backward and forward, as a body resting on a support beneath; as, to rock a cradle or chair; to cause to vibrate; to cause to reel or totter. A rising earthquake rocked the ground. --Dryden. 2. To move as in a cradle; hence, to put to sleep by rocking; to still; to quiet. [bd]Sleep rock thy brain.[b8] --Shak. Note: Rock differs from shake, as denoting a slower, less violent, and more uniform motion, or larger movements. It differs from swing, which expresses a vibratory motion of something suspended. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rockaway \Rock"a*way\, [Probably from Rockaway beach, where it was used.] Formerly, a light, low, four-wheeled carriage, with standing top, open at the sides, but having waterproof curtains which could be let down when occasion required; now, a somewhat similar, but heavier, carriage, inclosed, except in front, and having a door at each side. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rocky \Rock"y\, a. 1. Full of, or abounding in, rocks; consisting of rocks; as, a rocky mountain; a rocky shore. 2. Like a rock; as, the rocky orb of a shield. --Milton. 3. Fig.: Not easily impressed or affected; hard; unfeeling; obdurate; as, a rocky bosom. --Shak. {Rocky Mountain locust} (Zo[94]l.), the Western locust, or grasshopper. See {Grasshopper}. {Rocky Mountain sheep}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Bighorn}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rocoa \Ro"coa\, n. [Cf. F. rocou, roicou, Pg. & Braz, uruc[a3].] The orange-colored pulp covering the seeds of the tropical plant {Bixa Orellana}, from which annotto is prepared. See {Annoto}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rogue \Rogue\, n. [F. rogue proud, haughty, supercilious; cf. Icel. hr[?]kr a rook, croaker (cf. {Rook} a bird), or Armor. rok, rog, proud, arogant.] 1. (Eng.Law) A vagrant; an idle, sturdy beggar; a vagabond; a tramp. Note: The phrase rogues and vagabonds is applied to a large class of wandering, disorderly, or dissolute persons. They were formerly punished by being whipped and having the gristle of the right ear bored with a hot iron. 2. A deliberately dishonest person; a knave; a cheat. The rogue and fool by fits is fair and wise. --Pope. 3. One who is pleasantly mischievous or frolicsome; hence, often used as a term of endearment. Ah, you sweet little rogue, you! --Shak. 4. An elephant that has separated from a herd and roams about alone, in which state it is very savage. 5. (Hort.) A worthless plant occuring among seedlings of some choice variety. {Rogues' gallery}, a collection of portraits of rogues or criminals, for the use of the police authorities. {Rogue's march}, derisive music performed in driving away a person under popular indignation or official sentence, as when a soldier is drummed out of a regiment. {Rogue's yarn}, yarn of a different twist and color from the rest, inserted into the cordage of the British navy, to identify it if stolen, or for the purpose of tracing the maker in case of defect. Different makers are required to use yarns of different colors. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rogue \Rogue\, v. i. To wander; to play the vagabond; to play knavish tricks. [Obs.] --Spenser. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rogue \Rogue\, v. t. 1. To give the name or designation of rogue to; to decry. [Obs.] --Cudworth. 2. (Hort.) To destroy (plants that do not come up to a required standard). | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Roguy \Rogu"y\, a. Roguish. [Obs.] --L'Estrange. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Roke \Roke\, n. [See {Reek}.] 1. Mist; smoke; damp [Prov. Eng.] [Written also {roak}, {rook}, and {rouk}.] 2. A vein of ore. [Pov.Eng.] --Halliwell. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rokeage \Roke"age\, Rokee \Rok"ee\, n. [Cf. {Nocake}.] Parched Indian corn, pounded up and mixed with sugar; -- called also {yokeage}. [Local, U.S.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Roky \Rok"y\, a. [See {Roke}.] Misty; foggy; cloudy. [Prov. Eng.] --Ray. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Roke \Roke\, n. [See {Reek}.] 1. Mist; smoke; damp [Prov. Eng.] [Written also {roak}, {rook}, and {rouk}.] 2. A vein of ore. [Pov.Eng.] --Halliwell. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rook \Rook\, n. [AS. hr[omac]c; akin to OHG. hruoh, ruoh, ruoho, Icel. hr[omac]kr, Sw. roka, Dan. raage; cf. Goth. hrukjan to crow.] 1. (Zo[94]l.) A European bird ({Corvus frugilegus}) resembling the crow, but smaller. It is black, with purple and violet reflections. The base of the beak and the region around it are covered with a rough, scabrous skin, which in old birds is whitish. It is gregarious in its habits. The name is also applied to related Asiatic species. The rook . . . should be treated as the farmer's friend. --Pennant. 2. A trickish, rapacious fellow; a cheat; a sharper. --Wycherley. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rook \Rook\, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. {Rooked}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Rooking}.] To cheat; to defraud by cheating. [bd]A band of rooking officials.[b8] --Milton. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rook \Rook\ (r[oocr]k), n. Mist; fog. See {Roke}. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rook \Rook\, v. i. To squat; to ruck. [Obs.] --Shak. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rook \Rook\, n. [F. roc (cf. Sp. roque), fr. Per. & Ar. rokh, or rukh, the rook or castle at chess, also the bird roc (in this sense perhaps a different word); cf. Hind. rath a war chariot, the castle at chess, Skr. ratha a car, a war car. Cf. {Roll}.] (Chess) One of the four pieces placed on the corner squares of the board; a castle. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Roke \Roke\, n. [See {Reek}.] 1. Mist; smoke; damp [Prov. Eng.] [Written also {roak}, {rook}, and {rouk}.] 2. A vein of ore. [Pov.Eng.] --Halliwell. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rook \Rook\, n. [AS. hr[omac]c; akin to OHG. hruoh, ruoh, ruoho, Icel. hr[omac]kr, Sw. roka, Dan. raage; cf. Goth. hrukjan to crow.] 1. (Zo[94]l.) A European bird ({Corvus frugilegus}) resembling the crow, but smaller. It is black, with purple and violet reflections. The base of the beak and the region around it are covered with a rough, scabrous skin, which in old birds is whitish. It is gregarious in its habits. The name is also applied to related Asiatic species. The rook . . . should be treated as the farmer's friend. --Pennant. 2. A trickish, rapacious fellow; a cheat; a sharper. --Wycherley. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rook \Rook\, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. {Rooked}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Rooking}.] To cheat; to defraud by cheating. [bd]A band of rooking officials.[b8] --Milton. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rook \Rook\ (r[oocr]k), n. Mist; fog. See {Roke}. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rook \Rook\, v. i. To squat; to ruck. [Obs.] --Shak. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rook \Rook\, n. [F. roc (cf. Sp. roque), fr. Per. & Ar. rokh, or rukh, the rook or castle at chess, also the bird roc (in this sense perhaps a different word); cf. Hind. rath a war chariot, the castle at chess, Skr. ratha a car, a war car. Cf. {Roll}.] (Chess) One of the four pieces placed on the corner squares of the board; a castle. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rooky \Rook"y\ (-[ycr]), a. [See {Roky}.] Misty; gloomy. [Obs.] Light thickens, and the crow Makes wing to the rooky wood. --Shak. Note: Some make this Shakespearean word mean [bd]abounding in rooks.[b8] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Roque \Roque\ (r[omac]k), n. [Abbr. fr. {Croquet}.] A form of croquet modified for greater accuracy of play. The court has a wood border often faced with rubber, used as a cushion in bank shots. The balls are 3[frac14] in. in diameter, the cage (center arches or wickets) 3[frac38] in. wide, the other arches 3[frac12] in. wide. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rise \Rise\, v. i. [imp. {Rose}; p. p. {Risen}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Rising}.] [AS. r[c6]san; akin to OS. r[c6]san, D. rijzen, OHG. r[c6]san to rise, fall, Icel. r[c6]sa, Goth. urreisan, G. reise journey. CF. {Arise}, {Raise}, {Rear}, v.] 1. To move from a lower position to a higher; to ascend; to mount up. Specifically: (a) To go upward by walking, climbing, flying, or any other voluntary motion; as, a bird rises in the air; a fish rises to the bait. (b) To ascend or float in a fluid, as gases or vapors in air, cork in water, and the like. (c) To move upward under the influence of a projecting force; as, a bullet rises in the air. (d) To grow upward; to attain a certain height; as, this elm rises to the height of seventy feet. (e) To reach a higher level by increase of quantity or bulk; to swell; as, a river rises in its bed; the mercury rises in the thermometer. (f) To become erect; to assume an upright position; as, to rise from a chair or from a fall. (g) To leave one's bed; to arise; as, to rise early. He that would thrive, must rise by five. --Old Proverb. (h) To tower up; to be heaved up; as, the Alps rise far above the sea. (i) To slope upward; as, a path, a line, or surface rises in this direction. [bd]A rising ground.[b8] --Dryden. (j) To retire; to give up a siege. He, rising with small honor from Gunza, . . . was gone. --Knolles. (k) To swell or puff up in the process of fermentation; to become light, as dough, and the like. 2. To have the aspect or the effect of rising. Specifically: (a) To appear above the horizont, as the sun, moon, stars, and the like. [bd]He maketh his sun to rise on the evil and the good.[b8] --Matt. v. 45. (b) To become apparent; to emerge into sight; to come forth; to appear; as, an eruption rises on the skin; the land rises to view to one sailing toward the shore. (c) To become perceptible to other senses than sight; as, a noise rose on the air; odor rises from the flower. (d) To have a beginning; to proceed; to originate; as, rivers rise in lakes or springs. A scepter shall rise out of Israel. --Num. xxiv. 17. Honor and shame from no condition rise. --Pope. 3. To increase in size, force, or value; to proceed toward a climax. Specifically: (a) To increase in power or fury; -- said of wind or a storm, and hence, of passion. [bd]High winde . . . began to rise, high passions -- anger, hate.[b8] --Milton. (b) To become of higher value; to increase in price. Bullion is risen to six shillings . . . the ounce. --Locke. (c) To become larger; to swell; -- said of a boil, tumor, and the like. (d) To increase in intensity; -- said of heat. (e) To become louder, or higher in pitch, as the voice. (f) To increase in amount; to enlarge; as, his expenses rose beyond his expectations. 4. In various figurative senses. Specifically: (a) To become excited, opposed, or hostile; to go to war; to take up arms; to rebel. At our heels all hell should rise With blackest insurrection. --Milton. No more shall nation against nation rise. --Pope. (b) To attain to a better social position; to be promoted; to excel; to succeed. Some rise by sin, and some by virtue fall. --Shak. (c) To become more and more dignified or forcible; to increase in interest or power; -- said of style, thought, or discourse; as, to rise in force of expression; to rise in eloquence; a story rises in interest. (d) To come to mind; to be suggested; to occur. A thought rose in me, which often perplexes men of contemplative natures. --Spectator. (e) To come; to offer itself. There chanced to the prince's hand to rise An ancient book. --Spenser. 5. To ascend from the grave; to come to life. But now is Christ risen from the dead. --1. Cor. xv. 20. 6. To terminate an official sitting; to adjourn; as, the committee rose after agreeing to the report. It was near nine . . . before the House rose. --Macaulay. 7. To ascend on a musical scale; to take a higher pith; as, to rise a tone or semitone. 8. (Print.) To be lifted, or to admit of being lifted, from the imposing stone without dropping any of the type; -- said of a form. Syn: To arise; mount; ascend; climb; scale. Usage: {Rise}, {Appreciate}. Some in America use the word appreciate for [bd]rise in value;[b8] as, stocks appreciate, money appreciates, etc. This use is not unknown in England, but it is less common there. It is undesirable, because rise sufficiently expresses the idea, and appreciate has its own distinctive meaning, which ought not to be confused with one so entirely different. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rose \Rose\, n. [AS. rose, L. rosa, probably akin to Gr. [?], Armor. vard, OPer. vareda; and perhaps to E. wort: cf. F. rose, from the Latin. Cf. {Copperas}, {Rhododendron}.] 1. A flower and shrub of any species of the genus {Rosa}, of which there are many species, mostly found in the morthern hemispere Note: Roses are shrubs with pinnate leaves and usually prickly stems. The flowers are large, and in the wild state have five petals of a color varying from deep pink to white, or sometimes yellow. By cultivation and hybridizing the number of petals is greatly increased and the natural perfume enhanced. In this way many distinct classes of roses have been formed, as the Banksia, Baurbon, Boursalt, China, Noisette, hybrid perpetual, etc., with multitudes of varieties in nearly every class. 2. A knot of ribbon formed like a rose; a rose knot; a rosette, esp. one worn on a shoe. --Sha. 3. (Arch.) A rose window. See {Rose window}, below. 4. A perforated nozzle, as of a pipe, spout, etc., for delivering water in fine jets; a rosehead; also, a strainer at the foot of a pump. 5. (Med.) The erysipelas. --Dunglison. 6. The card of the mariner's compass; also, a circular card with radiating lines, used in other instruments. 7. The color of a rose; rose-red; pink. 8. A diamond. See {Rose diamond}, below. {Cabbage rose}, {China rose}, etc. See under {Cabbage}, {China}, etc. {Corn rose} (Bot.) See {Corn poppy}, under {Corn}. {Infantile rose} (Med.), a variety of roseola. {Jamaica rose}. (Bot.) See under {Jamaica}. {Rose acacia} (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub ({Robinia hispida}) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. {Rose aniline}. (Chem.) Same as {Rosaniline}. {Rose apple} (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree {Eugenia Jambos}. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. {Rose beetle}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle ({Macrodactylus subspinosus}), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also {rose bug}, and {rose chafer}. (b) The European chafer. {Rose bug}. (Zo[94]l.) same as {Rose beetle}, {Rose chafer}. {Rose burner}, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. {Rose camphor} (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. {Rose campion}. (Bot.) See under {Campion}. {Rose catarrh} (Med.), rose cold. {Rose chafer}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) A common European beetle ({Cetonia aurata}) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also {rose beetle}, and {rose fly}. (b) The rose beetle (a) . {Rose cold} (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See {Hay fever}, under {Hay}. {Rose color}, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rose \Rose\, imp. of {Rise}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rose \Rose\, v. t. 1. To render rose-colored; to redden; to flush. [Poetic] [bd]A maid yet rosed over with the virgin crimson of modesty.[b8] --Shak. 2. To perfume, as with roses. [Poetic] --Tennyson. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Roseo- \Ro"se*o-\ (Chem.) A prefix (also used adjectively) signifying rose-red; specifically used to designate certain rose-red compounds (called roseo-cobaltic compounds) of cobalt with ammonia. Cf. {Luteo}-. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ross \Ross\; 115), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] The rough, scaly matter on the surface of the bark of trees. [Prov. Eng. & Local, U.S.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ross \Ross\, v. t. To divest of the ross, or rough, scaly surface; as, to ross bark. [Local, U.S.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rosy \Ros"y\, a. [Compar. {Rosier}; superl. {Rosiest}.] Resembling a rose in color, form, or qualities; blooming; red; blushing; also, adorned with roses. A smile that glowed Celestial rosy-red, love's proper hue. --Milton. While blooming youth and gay delight Sit thy rosy cheeks confessed. --Prior. Note: Rosy is sometimes used in the formation of self[?]xplaining compounde; as, rosy-bosomed, rosy-colored, rosy-crowned, rosy-fingered, rosy-tinted. {Rosy cross}. See the Note under {Rosicrucian}, n. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rouche \Rouche\, n. See {Ruche}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ruche \Ruche\, n. [F. ruche ruche, beehive, OF. rusche a beehive, which was formerly made of the bark of trees; cf. W. rhisg, rhisgl, bark, gael. rusg bark, rind.] 1. A plaited, quilled, or goffered strip of lace, net, ribbon, or other material, -- used in place of collars or cuffs, and as a trimming for women's dresses and bonnets. [Written also {rouche}.] 2. A pile of arched tiles, used to catch and retain oyster spawn. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rouche \Rouche\, n. See {Ruche}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ruche \Ruche\, n. [F. ruche ruche, beehive, OF. rusche a beehive, which was formerly made of the bark of trees; cf. W. rhisg, rhisgl, bark, gael. rusg bark, rind.] 1. A plaited, quilled, or goffered strip of lace, net, ribbon, or other material, -- used in place of collars or cuffs, and as a trimming for women's dresses and bonnets. [Written also {rouche}.] 2. A pile of arched tiles, used to catch and retain oyster spawn. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rouge \Rouge\, n. [F.] 1. (Chem.) A red amorphous powder consisting of ferric oxide. It is used in polishing glass, metal, or gems, and as a cosmetic, etc. Called also {crocus}, {jeweler's rouge}, etc. 2. A cosmetic used for giving a red color to the cheeks or lips. The best is prepared from the dried flowers of the safflower, but it is often made from carmine. --Ure. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rouge \Rouge\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Rouged}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Rouging} .] To paint the face or cheeks with rouge. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rouge \Rouge\, v. t. To tint with rouge; as, to rouge the face or the cheeks. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rouge \Rouge\, a. [F., fr. L. rubeus red, akin to rubere to be red, ruber red. See {Red}.] red. [R.] {[d8]Rouge et noir}[F., red and black], a game at cards in which persons play against the owner of the bank; -- so called because the table around which the players sit has certain compartments colored red and black, upon which the stakes are deposited. --Hoyle. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rough \Rough\, a. [Compar. {Rougher}; superl. {Roughest}.] [OE. rou[?], rou, row, rugh, ruh, AS. r[?]h; akin to LG. rug, D. rug, D. ruig, ruw, OHG. r[?]h, G. rauh, rauch; cf. Lith. raukas wrinkle, rukti to wrinkle. [root] 18. Cf. {Rug}, n.] 1. Having inequalities, small ridges, or points, on the surface; not smooth or plain; as, a rough board; a rough stone; rough cloth. Specifically: (a) Not level; having a broken surface; uneven; -- said of a piece of land, or of a road. [bd]Rough, uneven ways.[b8] --Shak. (b) Not polished; uncut; -- said of a gem; as, a rough diamond. (c) Tossed in waves; boisterous; high; -- said of a sea or other piece of water. More unequal than the roughest sea. --T. Burnet. (d) Marked by coarseness; shaggy; ragged; disordered; -- said of dress, appearance, or the like; as, a rough coat. [bd]A visage rough.[b8] --Dryden. [bd]Roughsatyrs.[b8] --Milton. 2. Hence, figuratively, lacking refinement, gentleness, or polish. Specifically: (a) Not courteous or kind; harsh; rude; uncivil; as, a rough temper. A fiend, a fury, pitiless and rough. --Shak. A surly boatman, rough as wayes or winds. --Prior. (b) Marked by severity or violence; harsh; hard; as, rough measures or actions. On the rough edge of battle. --Milton. A quicker and rougher remedy. --Clarendon. Kind words prevent a good deal of that perverseness which rough and imperious usage often produces. --Locke. (c) Loud and hoarse; offensive to the ear; harsh; grating; -- said of sound, voice, and the like; as, a rough tone; rough numbers. --Pope. (d) Austere; harsh to the taste; as, rough wine. (e) Tempestuous; boisterous; stormy; as, rough weather; a rough day. He stayeth his rough wind. --Isa. xxvii. 8. Time and the hour runs through the roughest day. --Shak. (f) Hastily or carelessly done; wanting finish; incomplete; as, a rough estimate; a rough draught. {Rough diamond}, an uncut diamond; hence, colloquially, a person of intrinsic worth under a rude exterior. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rough \Rough\, adv. In a rough manner; rudely; roughly. Sleeping rough on the trenches, and dying stubbornly in their boats. --Sir W. Scott. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rough \Rough\, v. t. 1. To render rough; to roughen. 2. To break in, as a horse, especially for military purposes. --Crabb. 3. To cut or make in a hasty, rough manner; -- with out; as, to rough out a carving, a sketch. {Roughing rolls}, rolls for reducing, in a rough manner, a bloom of iron to bars. {To rough it}, to endure hard conditions of living; to live without ordinary comforts. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rough \Rough\, n. 1. Boisterous weather. [Obs.] --Fletcher. 2. A rude fellow; a coarse bully; a rowdy. {In the rough}, in an unwrought or rude condition; unpolished; as, a diamond or a sketch in the rough. Contemplating the people in the rough. --Mrs. Browning. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Roughhew \Rough"hew`\, v. t. 1. To hew coarsely, without smoothing; as, to roughhew timber. 2. To give the first form or shape to; to form rudely; to shape approximately and rudely; to roughcast. There's a divinity that shapes our ends, Roughhew them how we will. --Shak. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rouk \Rouk\, v. i. See 5th {Ruck}, and {Roke}. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Roke \Roke\, n. [See {Reek}.] 1. Mist; smoke; damp [Prov. Eng.] [Written also {roak}, {rook}, and {rouk}.] 2. A vein of ore. [Pov.Eng.] --Halliwell. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rouk \Rouk\, v. i. See 5th {Ruck}, and {Roke}. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Roke \Roke\, n. [See {Reek}.] 1. Mist; smoke; damp [Prov. Eng.] [Written also {roak}, {rook}, and {rouk}.] 2. A vein of ore. [Pov.Eng.] --Halliwell. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rouse \Rouse\ (rouz [or] rous), v. i. & t. [Perhaps the same word as rouse to start up, [bd]buckle to.[b8]] (Naut.) To pull or haul strongly and all together, as upon a rope, without the assistance of mechanical appliances. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rouse \Rouse\ (rouz), n. [Cf. D. roes drunkeness, icel. r[?]ss, Sw. rus, G. rauchen, and also E. rouse, v.t., rush, v.i. Cf. {Row} a disturbance.] 1. A bumper in honor of a toast or health. [Obs.] --Shak. 2. A carousal; a festival; a drinking frolic. Fill the cup, and fill the can, Have a rouse before the morn. --Tennyson. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rouse \Rouse\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Roused} (rouzd); p. pr. & vb. n. {Rousing}.] [Probably of Scan. origin; cf. Sw. rusa to rush, Dan. ruse, AS. hre[a2]san to fall, rush. Cf. {Rush}, v.] 1. To cause to start from a covert or lurking place; as, to rouse a deer or other animal of the chase. Like wild boars late roused out of the brakes. --Spenser. Rouse the fleet hart, and cheer the opening hound. --Pope. 2. To wake from sleep or repose; as, to rouse one early or suddenly. 3. To excite to lively thought or action from a state of idleness, languor, stupidity, or indifference; as, to rouse the faculties, passions, or emotions. To rouse up a people, the most phlegmatic of any in Christendom. --Atterbury. 4. To put in motion; to stir up; to agitate. Blustering winds, which all night long Had roused the sea. --Milton. 5. To raise; to make erect. [Obs.] --Spenser. Shak. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rouse \Rouse\, v. i. 1. To get or start up; to rise. [Obs.] Night's black agents to their preys do rouse. --Shak. 2. To awake from sleep or repose. Morpheus rouses from his bed. --Pope. 3. To be exited to thought or action from a state of indolence or inattention. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ruche \Ruche\, n. [F. ruche ruche, beehive, OF. rusche a beehive, which was formerly made of the bark of trees; cf. W. rhisg, rhisgl, bark, gael. rusg bark, rind.] 1. A plaited, quilled, or goffered strip of lace, net, ribbon, or other material, -- used in place of collars or cuffs, and as a trimming for women's dresses and bonnets. [Written also {rouche}.] 2. A pile of arched tiles, used to catch and retain oyster spawn. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ruck \Ruck\, n. [Icel. hrukka. Cf. {Ruck}, v. t.] A wrinkle or crease in a piece of cloth, or in needlework. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ruck \Ruck\, v. i. [Cf. Dan. ruge to brood, to hatch.] To cower; to huddle together; to squat; to sit, as a hen on eggs. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] --Gower. South. The sheep that rouketh in the fold. --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ruck \Ruck\, n. [Cf. {Ruck}.] 1. A heap; a rick. [Prov Eng. & Scot.] 2. The common sort, whether persons or things; as, the ruck in a horse race. [Colloq.] The ruck in society as a whole. --Lond. Sat. Rev. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ruck \Ruck\, n. A roc. [Obs. or prov. Eng.] --Drayton. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ruck \Ruck\, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. {Rucked}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Rucking}.] [Icel hrukkast to wrinkle, hrukka wrinkle, fold.] To draw into wrinkles or unsightly folds; to crease; as, to ruck up a carpet. --Smart. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rug \Rug\, v. t. To pull roughly or hastily; to plunder; to spoil; to tear. [Scot.] --Sir W. Scott. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rug \Rug\, n. [Cf. Sw. rugg entanglend hair, ruggig rugged, shaggy, probably akin to E. rough. See {Rough}, a.] 1. A kind of coarse, heavy frieze, formerly used for garments. They spin the choicest rug in Ireland. A friend of mine . . . repaired to Paris Garden clad in one of these Waterford rugs. The mastiffs, . . . deeming he had been a bear, would fain have baited him. --Holinshed. 2. A piece of thick, nappy fabric, commonly made of wool, -- used for various purposes, as for covering and ornamenting part of a bare floor, for hanging in a doorway as a poti[8a]re, for protecting a portion of carpet, for a wrap to protect the legs from cold, etc. 3. A rough, woolly, or shaggy dog. {Rug gown}, a gown made of rug, of or coarse, shaggy cloth. --B. Johnson. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Turcoman \Tur"co*man\, n.; pl. {Turcomans}. 1. A member of a tribe of Turanians inhabiting a region east of the Caspian Sea. 2. A Turcoman carpet. {Turcoman carpet} [or] {rug}, a kind of carpet or rug supposed to be made by the Turcomans. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rug \Rug\, v. t. To pull roughly or hastily; to plunder; to spoil; to tear. [Scot.] --Sir W. Scott. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rug \Rug\, n. [Cf. Sw. rugg entanglend hair, ruggig rugged, shaggy, probably akin to E. rough. See {Rough}, a.] 1. A kind of coarse, heavy frieze, formerly used for garments. They spin the choicest rug in Ireland. A friend of mine . . . repaired to Paris Garden clad in one of these Waterford rugs. The mastiffs, . . . deeming he had been a bear, would fain have baited him. --Holinshed. 2. A piece of thick, nappy fabric, commonly made of wool, -- used for various purposes, as for covering and ornamenting part of a bare floor, for hanging in a doorway as a poti[8a]re, for protecting a portion of carpet, for a wrap to protect the legs from cold, etc. 3. A rough, woolly, or shaggy dog. {Rug gown}, a gown made of rug, of or coarse, shaggy cloth. --B. Johnson. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Turcoman \Tur"co*man\, n.; pl. {Turcomans}. 1. A member of a tribe of Turanians inhabiting a region east of the Caspian Sea. 2. A Turcoman carpet. {Turcoman carpet} [or] {rug}, a kind of carpet or rug supposed to be made by the Turcomans. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
d8Ruga \[d8]Ru"ga\, n.; pl. {Rug[91]}. [L.] (Nat. Hist.) A wrinkle; a fold; as, the rug[91] of the stomach. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ruggy \Rug"gy\, a. Rugged; rough. [Obs.] [bd]With ruggy, ashy hairs.[b8] --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rukh \Rukh\, n. [Srr {Roc}.] 1. The roc. 2. (Zo[94]l.) A large bird, supposed by some to be the same as the extinct Epiornis of Madagascar. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Roc \Roc\, n. [Ar. & Per. rokh or rukh. Cf. {Rook} a castle.] A monstrous bird of Arabian mythology. [Written also {rock}, and {rukh}.] --Brande & C. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rukh \Rukh\, n. [Srr {Roc}.] 1. The roc. 2. (Zo[94]l.) A large bird, supposed by some to be the same as the extinct Epiornis of Madagascar. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Roc \Roc\, n. [Ar. & Per. rokh or rukh. Cf. {Rook} a castle.] A monstrous bird of Arabian mythology. [Written also {rock}, and {rukh}.] --Brande & C. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ruse \Ruse\, n. [F., fr. OF. re[81]ser, rehuser, to turn aside, to shuffle, retreat, fr. L. recusare to refuse; pref. re- again + causa cause. See {Cause}, and cf. {Recusant}.] An artifice; trick; stratagem; wile; fraud; deceit. {[d8]Ruse de guerre}[F.], a stratagem of war. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rush \Rush\, n. [OE. rusche, rische, resche, AS. risce, akin to LG. rusk, risch, D. & G. rusch; all probably fr. L. ruscum butcher's broom; akin to Goth. raus reed, G. rohr.] 1. (Bot.) A name given to many aquatic or marsh-growing endogenous plants with soft, slender stems, as the species of {Juncus} and {Scirpus}. Note: Some species are used in bottoming chairs and plaiting mats, and the pith is used in some places for wicks to lamps and rushlights. 2. The merest trifle; a straw. John Bull's friendship is not worth a rush. --Arbuthnot. {Bog rush}. See under {Bog}. {Club rush}, any rush of the genus {Scirpus}. {Flowering rush}. See under {Flowering}. {Nut rush} (a) Any plant of the genus {Scleria}, rushlike plants with hard nutlike fruits. (b) A name for several species of {Cyperus} having tuberous roots. {Rush broom}, an Australian leguminous plant ({Viminaria denudata}), having long, slender branches. Also, the Spanish broom. See under {Spanish}. {Rush candle}, See under {Candle}. {Rush grass}, any grass of the genus {Vilfa}, grasses with wiry stems and one-flowered spikelets. {Rush toad} (Zo[94]l.), the natterjack. {Scouring rush}. (Bot.) Same as {Dutch rush}, under {Dutch.} {Spike rush}, any rushlike plant of the genus {Eleocharis}, in which the flowers grow in dense spikes. {Sweet rush}, a sweet-scented grass of Arabia, etc. ({Andropogon sch[d2]nanthus}), used in Oriental medical practice. {Wood rush}, any plant of the genus {Luzula}, which differs in some technical characters from {Juncus}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rush \Rush\ (r[ucr]sh), v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Rushed} (r[ucr]sht); p. pr. & vb. n. {Rushing}.] [OE. ruschen; cf. AS. hryscan to make a noise, D. ruischen to rustle, G. rauschen, MHG. r[umac]schen to rush, to rustle, LG. rusken, OSw. ruska, Icel. & Sw. ruska to shake, Dan. ruske to shake, and E. rouse.] 1. To move forward with impetuosity, violence, and tumultuous rapidity or haste; as, armies rush to battle; waters rush down a precipice. Like to an entered tide, they all rush by. --Shak. 2. To enter into something with undue haste and eagerness, or without due deliberation and preparation; as, to rush business or speculation. They . . . never think it to be a part of religion to rush into the office of princes and ministers. --Sprat. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rush \Rush\, v. t. 1. To push or urge forward with impetuosity or violence; to hurry forward. 2. To recite (a lesson) or pass (an examination) without an error. [College Cant, U.S.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rush \Rush\, n. 1. A moving forward with rapidity and force or eagerness; a violent motion or course; as, a rush of troops; a rush of winds; a rush of water. A gentleman of his train spurred up his horse, and, with a violent rush, severed him from the duke. --Sir H. Wotton. 2. Great activity with pressure; as, a rush of business. [Colloq.] 3. A perfect recitation. [College Cant, U.S.] 4. (Football) (a) A rusher; as, the center rush, whose place is in the center of the rush line; the end rush. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rushy \Rush"y\, a. 1. Abounding with rushes. 2. Made of rushes. My rushy couch and frugal fare. --Goldsmith. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rusk \Rusk\, n. [Sp. rosca de mar sea rusks, a kind of biscuit, rosca properly meaning, a screw, spiral.] 1. A kind of light, soft bread made with yeast and eggs, often toasted or crisped in an oven; or, a kind of sweetened biscuit. 2. A kind of light, hard cake or bread, as for stores. --Smart. 3. Bread or cake which has been made brown and crisp, and afterwards grated, or pulverized in a mortar. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Russ \Russ\, n. sing. & pl. 1. A Russian, or the Russians. [Rare, except in poetry.] 2. The language of the Russians. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Russ \Russ\, a. Of or pertaining to the Russians. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Russia \Rus"sia\, n. A country of Europe and Asia. {Russia iron}, a kind of sheet iron made in Russia, having a lustrous blue-black surface. {Russia leather}, a soft kind of leather, made originally in Russia but now elsewhere, having a peculiar odor from being impregnated with an oil obtained from birch bark. It is much used in bookbinding, on account of its not being subject to mold, and being proof against insects. {Russia matting}, matting manufactured in Russia from the inner bark of the linden ({Tilia Europ[91]a}). | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rys \Rys\ (r[imac]s or r[icr]s), n. A branch. [Obs.] --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rysh \Rysh\ (r[icr]sh), n. Rush, a plant. [Obs.] --Chaucer. | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Raco, MI Zip code(s): 49715 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Rago, KS Zip code(s): 67128 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Rake, IA (city, FIPS 65415) Location: 43.48134 N, 93.92101 W Population (1990): 238 (135 housing units) Area: 2.6 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 50465 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Raywick, KY (city, FIPS 64146) Location: 37.55975 N, 85.43118 W Population (1990): 157 (61 housing units) Area: 1.9 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 40060 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Reese, MI (village, FIPS 67900) Location: 43.45177 N, 83.68857 W Population (1990): 1414 (587 housing units) Area: 2.9 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 48757 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Rescue, CA Zip code(s): 95672 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Rex, GA Zip code(s): 30273 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Rice, KS Zip code(s): 66901 Rice, MN (city, FIPS 53998) Location: 45.74862 N, 94.22869 W Population (1990): 610 (209 housing units) Area: 15.5 sq km (land), 0.3 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 56367 Rice, TX (city, FIPS 61736) Location: 32.24469 N, 96.50133 W Population (1990): 564 (209 housing units) Area: 5.5 sq km (land), 0.2 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 75155 Rice, VA Zip code(s): 23966 Rice, WA Zip code(s): 99167 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Richey, MT (town, FIPS 62275) Location: 47.64415 N, 105.06859 W Population (1990): 259 (177 housing units) Area: 0.7 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 59259 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Rico, CO (town, FIPS 64090) Location: 37.68800 N, 108.03096 W Population (1990): 92 (133 housing units) Area: 2.0 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Rig, WV Zip code(s): 26836 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Riga, MI Zip code(s): 49276 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Rio Oso, CA Zip code(s): 95674 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Risco, MO (city, FIPS 61994) Location: 36.55148 N, 89.81866 W Population (1990): 434 (177 housing units) Area: 1.2 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Roach, MO Zip code(s): 65787 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Roca, NE (village, FIPS 41830) Location: 40.65810 N, 96.66165 W Population (1990): 84 (41 housing units) Area: 0.3 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 68430 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Rock, KS Zip code(s): 67131 Rock, MI Zip code(s): 49880 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Rockaway, NJ (borough, FIPS 64050) Location: 40.89687 N, 74.51482 W Population (1990): 6243 (2355 housing units) Area: 5.4 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 07866 Rockaway, OR Zip code(s): 97136 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Rocks, MD Zip code(s): 21154 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Rocky, OK (town, FIPS 63700) Location: 35.15635 N, 99.05852 W Population (1990): 181 (106 housing units) Area: 0.6 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 73661 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Rosa, AL (town, FIPS 66408) Location: 33.98454 N, 86.50869 W Population (1990): 139 (56 housing units) Area: 3.3 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Roscoe, IL (village, FIPS 65611) Location: 42.41678 N, 89.00698 W Population (1990): 2079 (749 housing units) Area: 11.2 sq km (land), 0.1 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 61073 Roscoe, MN (city, FIPS 55510) Location: 45.43235 N, 94.63524 W Population (1990): 141 (50 housing units) Area: 1.7 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Roscoe, MO (village, FIPS 63074) Location: 37.97678 N, 93.81244 W Population (1990): 100 (90 housing units) Area: 3.7 sq km (land), 0.6 sq km (water) Roscoe, MT Zip code(s): 59071 Roscoe, PA (borough, FIPS 66016) Location: 40.07760 N, 79.86491 W Population (1990): 872 (426 housing units) Area: 0.5 sq km (land), 0.1 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 15477 Roscoe, SD (city, FIPS 55820) Location: 45.45032 N, 99.33490 W Population (1990): 362 (183 housing units) Area: 1.3 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 57471 Roscoe, TX (city, FIPS 63176) Location: 32.44243 N, 100.54203 W Population (1990): 1446 (628 housing units) Area: 4.9 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 79545 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Rose, NE Zip code(s): 68772 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Roseau, MN (city, FIPS 55546) Location: 48.84576 N, 95.76185 W Population (1990): 2396 (999 housing units) Area: 3.9 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Rosie, AR Zip code(s): 72571 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Ross, CA (town, FIPS 62980) Location: 37.96185 N, 122.56062 W Population (1990): 2123 (768 housing units) Area: 4.1 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Ross, ND (city, FIPS 68540) Location: 48.31309 N, 102.54281 W Population (1990): 61 (40 housing units) Area: 0.7 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 58776 Ross, OH (CDP, FIPS 68602) Location: 39.31175 N, 84.65290 W Population (1990): 2124 (759 housing units) Area: 4.1 sq km (land), 0.1 sq km (water) Ross, TX (city, FIPS 63380) Location: 31.72844 N, 97.11121 W Population (1990): 188 (67 housing units) Area: 5.1 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Rossie, IA (city, FIPS 68925) Location: 43.01323 N, 95.18883 W Population (1990): 68 (31 housing units) Area: 0.4 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Rouse, KY Zip code(s): 41014 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Rousseau, KY Zip code(s): 41366 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Roxie, MS (town, FIPS 64080) Location: 31.50508 N, 91.06722 W Population (1990): 568 (244 housing units) Area: 3.0 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 39661 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Rush, CO Zip code(s): 80833 Rush, KY Zip code(s): 41168 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Rusk, TX (city, FIPS 63848) Location: 31.79758 N, 95.14853 W Population (1990): 4366 (1486 housing units) Area: 17.3 sq km (land), 0.1 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Ruso, ND (city, FIPS 69140) Location: 47.83651 N, 100.93354 W Population (1990): 8 (5 housing units) Area: 0.7 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 58778 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Russia, OH (village, FIPS 69344) Location: 40.23240 N, 84.41087 W Population (1990): 442 (143 housing units) Area: 0.9 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 45363 | |
From Jargon File (4.2.0, 31 JAN 2000) [jargon]: | |
roach vt. [Bell Labs] To destroy, esp. of a data structure. Hardware gets {toast}ed or {fried}, software gets roached. | |
From Jargon File (4.2.0, 31 JAN 2000) [jargon]: | |
rogue 1. [Unix] n. A Dungeons-and-Dragons-like game using character graphics, written under BSD Unix and subsequently ported to other Unix systems. The original BSD `curses(3)' screen-handling package was hacked together by Ken Arnold primarily to support games, and the development of `rogue(6)' popularized its use; it has since become one of Unix's most important and heavily used application libraries. Nethack, Omega, Larn, Angband, and an entire subgenre of computer dungeon games (all known as `roguelikes') all took off from the inspiration provided by `rogue(6)'; the popular Windows game Diablo, though graphics-intensive, has very similar play logic. See also {nethack}. 2. [Usenet] adj. An {ISP} which permits net abuse (usually in the form of {spam}ming) by its customers, or which itself engages in such activities. Rogue ISPs are sometimes subject to {IDP}s or {UDP}s. Sometimes deliberately mispelled as "rouge". See also {nethack}, {moria}, {Angband}. | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
R2RS A revision of {RRS}, itself revised in {R3RS}. ["The Revised Revised Report on the Algorithmic Language Scheme", Clinger, AI Memo 848, MIT Aug 1985]. (1995-02-09) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
R3.99RS {R4RS} without the {macros}. | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
R3RS A revision of {R2RS}, revised in {R4RS}. ["The Revised^3 Report on the Algorithmic Language Scheme", J. Rees et al, SIGPLAN Notices 21(12):37-79 (Dec 1986)]. | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
R4RS A revision of {R3RS}, revised in {R3.99RS}. {(ftp://altdorf.ai.mit.edu/)}. ["The Revised^4 Report on the Algorithmic Language Scheme", W. Clinger et al, MIT (Nov 1991)]. (1994-10-28) [Later revisions?] | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RACE Controlled Evolution}. (1995-11-21) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RAISE See {RSL}. | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RAS 1. 2. 3. (2000-08-13) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
rc 1. extension} common to many {Unix} configuration files, e.g. {.newsrc}, {.cshrc}, {.twmrc}, elmrc, etc. The suffix "rc" derives from a script-creation utility in {CTSS} called "{runcom}" (for "run commands"). {Unix FAQ (http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/unix-faq/faq/top.html)}. 2. A {shell} from {AT&T}'s {Plan 9}, by Tom Duff. rc offers much the same capabilities as a traditional {Bourne shell}, but with a much cleaner {syntax}. An open source reimplementation was made by Byron Rakitzis, and is now maintained by Tim Goodwin Latest version: 1.6, as of 2000-06-15. {Home (http://www.star.le.ac.uk/~tjg/rc)}. (2000-06-17) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RC4 Inc.} which can accept {keys} of arbitrary length, and is essentially a {pseudo random number generator} with the output of the generator being {XOR}ed with the data stream to produce the encrypted data. For this reason, it is very important that the same RC4 key never be used to encrypt two different data streams. The encryption mechanism used to be a trade secret, until someone posted source code for an {algorithm} onto {Usenet News}, claiming it to be equivalent to RC4. The algorithm is very fast, its security is unknown, but breaking it does not seem trivial either. There is very strong evidence that the posted algorithm is indeed equivalent to RC4. The United States government routinely approves RC4 with 40-bit keys for export. Keys this small can be easily broken by governments, criminals, and amateurs. The exportable version of {Netscape}'s {Secure Socket Layer}, which uses RC4-40, was broken by at least two independent groups. Breaking it took about eight days; in many universities or companies the same computing power is available to any computer science student. See also {Damien Doligez's SSL cracking page (http://pauillac.inria.fr/~doligez/ssl/)}, {RC4 Source and Information (http://www.cs.hut.fi/crypto/rc4)}, {SSLeay (http://www.cs.hut.fi/crypto/software.html#ssleay)}, {Crypto++ (http://www.cs.hut.fi/crypto/software.html#crypto++)}, {Ssh (http://www.cs.hut.fi/crypto/software.html#ssh)}, {A collection of articles (http://www.cs.hut.fi/crypto/rc4-breaking)}. (1996-10-28) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RCA 1802 {CMOS}, running at 6.4 MHz at 10V (very fast for 1974). It could be suspended with the clock stopped. It was an 8-bit processor, with 16-bit addressing. Simplicity was the primary design goal, and in that sense it was one of the first {RISC} chips. It had sixteen 16-bit {registers}, which could be accessed as thirty-two 8-bit registers, and an {accumulator} D used for arithmetic and memory access - memory to D, then D to registers and vice versa, using one 16-bit register as an address. This led to one person describing the 1802 as having 32 bytes of {RAM} and 65535 I/O ports. A 4-bit control register P selected any one general register as the {program counter}, while control registers X and N selected registers for I/O Index and the operand for the current instruction. All instructions were 8 bits - a 4-bit {op code} (total of 16 operations) and 4-bit {operand register} stored in N. There was no real {conditional branching}, no {subroutine} support and no actual {stack} but these could be implemented by clever use of registers, e.g. changing P to another register allowed jump to a subroutine. Similarly, on an interrupt P and X were saved, then R1 and R2 were selected for P and X until an {RTI} restored them. The {RCA 1805} was an enhanced version. The 1802 was used in the {COSMAC} (VIP?) {microcomputer} kit, some video games from {RCA} and {Radio Shack}, and the {ETI-660} computer. It was chosen for the Voyager, Viking and Galileo space probes as it was also fabricated in {Silicon on Sapphire}, giving radiation and static resistance, ideal for space operation. {More history (http://www.cosmacelf.com)}. (2002-04-09) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RCA 1805 A later, enhanced version of the {RCA 1802}. It added several {Forth} language primitives. (1994-11-16) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RCC An extensible language. [More detail?] | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RCS {Revision Control System} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
REC Regular Expression Converter. See {CONVERT}. | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
reuse Using code developed for one {application program} in another application. Traditionally achieved using program libraries. {Object-oriented programming} offers reusability of code via its techniques of {inheritance} and {genericity}. {Class} libraries with {intelligent browser}s and {application generator}s are under development to help in this process. {Polymorphic} {functional language}s also support reusability while retaining the benefits of {strong typing}. See also {DRAGOON}, {National Software Reuse Directory}, {RLF}. | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
REX The original name for {Restructured EXtended eXecutor}. | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
REXX {Restructured EXtended eXecutor} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RG58 diameter {coaxial cable} used for {10base2} {Ethernet} wiring, sometimes called "{cheapernet}" in comparison with "full spec" {RG8} cabling. A member of the "Radio Guide" series. (2002-06-17) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RG8 {Ethernet}") The original "full spec" cable, used for {10base5} {Ethernet} networks. RG8 is stiff, large diameter {coaxial} cable with an {impedance} of 50 ohms, a member of the "Radio Guide" series. The outer sheath is usually yellow, to indicate double shielding, so it is often just called "yellow cable". 10base5 cable is designed to allow transceivers to be added while existing connections are live. This is achieved using a "vampire tap" - a device which (with sufficient practise) clamps onto the cable, forcing a spike through the outer shielding to contact the inner conductor while other spikes bite into the outer conductor. This is often built into the transceiver and a more flexible multi-wire cable carries the connection between the transceiver and the {node}. {RG58} is a cheaper, more flexible alternative. (2002-06-17) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RISC {Reduced Instruction Set Computer} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RJ-11 with six possible connections. A telephone normally uses two pairs of wires. Often found on the back of US-manufactured {modems} or for connection to a {leased line}. (1998-06-30) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RJ-45 standard telephone connector, except it houses eight wires instead of four. RJ-45s are not typically found on {computers} or normal serial equipment, but because they are so small they are often used on devices such as {terminal servers} that have many {ports}. {Ethernet} ({10baseT}) and {Token Ring} sometimes use four wires of an RJ-45 plug, {100baseVG} uses all eight. {100BaseTX} uses the same four wires of the RJ-45 connector as 10baseT but the wire must be {category 5} instead of {category 3}. (1998-06-30) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RJE {Remote Job Entry} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
roach data structure. Hardware gets {toast}ed or {fried}, software gets roached. [Why?] [{Jargon File}] (1999-02-08) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
rogue character graphics, written under BSD Unix and subsequently ported to other Unix systems. The original BSD "curses(3)" screen-handling package was hacked together by Ken Arnold to support "rogue(6)" and has since become one of Unix's most important and heavily used application libraries. Nethack, Omega, Larn, and an entire subgenre of computer dungeon games all took off from the inspiration provided by "rogue(6)". See also {nethack}. [{Jargon File}] | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
ROSE {Remote Operations Service Element} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RRS An early definition of {Scheme}. Revised in {R2RS}. ["The Revised Report on Scheme", G.L. Steele et al, AI Memo 452, MIT, Jan 1978]. (1994-10-28) [Was the original "Report on Scheme" published?] | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RS 1. 2No definitions found for "rsh" . {standards} including {EIA-232}. | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RS-232 {EIA-232} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RS-232C {standard} {V.24}. The {EIA} EIA-232C electrical signal is unbalanced +/- 5 to +/- 12V, {polar} {non return to zero} and handles data speeds up to 19.2 kilobits per second. [Correct name? Difference from EIA-232?] (2000-02-03) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RS-422 {EIA-422} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RS-423 {EIA-423} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RS-449 {EIA-449} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RS-485 {EIA-485} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RS6000 {RISC System/6000} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RS/6000 {RISC System/6000} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RS6000 {RISC System/6000} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RS/6000 {RISC System/6000} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RS6K {RISC System/6000} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RSA 1. {RSA Data Security, Inc.} 2. Their {cryptography} systems, especially {RSA encryption}. The RSA {algorithm} was first described in the paper: [R. Rivest, A. Shamir, L. Adleman, "A Method for Obtaining Digital Signatures and Public-key Cryptosystems". CACM 21,2; 1978] (1995-03-21) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RSCS Subsystem}. (1996-02-04) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RSI 1. 2. (1999-01-08) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RSS {Rich Site Summary} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
RUSH 1. {CPS}, dated about 1966. The name is the abbreviation of "Remote Use of Shared Hardware". ["Introduction to RUSH", Allen-Babcock Computing 1969. Sammet 1969, p.309.] 2. {Tcl} but aimed to provide substantially faster execution. See {An Introduction to the Rush Language (ftp://ginsberg.cs.berkeley.edu/pub/papers/asah/rush-tcl94.ps.gz)}. by Adam Sah, Jon Blow, and Brian Dennis (1994). (1996-12-17) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Rx A pattern matcher compatible with {GNU} {regex}, but generally faster. Version 0.05, released 1994-05-18, contained substantial changes from the version last distributed with GNU {sed}. These changes provide low-level support for searching across arbitrarily fragmented strings and suspendable searches. | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Raca vain, empty, worthless, only found in Matt. 5:22. The Jews used it as a word of contempt. It is derived from a root meaning "to spit." | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Rhesa affection, son of Zorobabel, mentioned in the genealogy of our Lord (Luke 3:27). | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Rissah heap of ruins; dew, a station of the Israelites in the wilderness (Num. 33:21, 22). | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Rock (Heb. tsur), employed as a symbol of God in the Old Testament (1 Sam. 2:2; 2 Sam. 22:3; Isa. 17:10; Ps. 28:1; 31:2,3; 89:26; 95:1); also in the New Testament (Matt. 16:18; Rom. 9:33; 1 Cor. 10:4). In Dan. 2:45 the Chaldaic form of the Hebrew word is translated "mountain." It ought to be translated "rock," as in Hab. 1:12 in the Revised Version. The "rock" from which the stone is cut there signifies the divine origin of Christ. (See {STONE}.) | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Rose Many varieties of the rose proper are indigenous to Syria. The famed rose of Damascus is white, but there are also red and yellow roses. In Cant. 2:1 and Isa. 35:1 the Hebrew word _habatstseleth_ (found only in these passages), rendered "rose" (R.V. marg., "autumn crocus"), is supposed by some to mean the oleander, by others the sweet-scented narcissus (a native of Palestine), the tulip, or the daisy; but nothing definite can be affirmed regarding it. The "rose of Sharon" is probably the cistus or rock-rose, several species of which abound in Palestine. "Mount Carmel especially abounds in the cistus, which in April covers some of the barer parts of the mountain with a glow not inferior to that of the Scottish heather." (See {MYRRH} [2].) | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Rosh (Ezek. 38:2, 3; 39:1) is rendered "chief" in the Authorized Version. It is left untranslated as a proper name in the Revised Version. Some have supposed that the Russians are here meant, as one of the three Scythian tribes of whom Magog was the prince. They invaded the land of Judah in the days of Josiah. Herodotus, the Greek historian, says: "For twenty-eight years the Scythians ruled over Asia, and things were turned upside down by their violence and contempt." (See {BETHSHEAN}.) | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Rush the papyrus (Job 8:11). (See {BULRUSH}.) The expression "branch and rush" in Isa. 9:14; 19:15 means "utterly." | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Raca, worthless; good-for-nothing | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Ragau, friend; shepherd | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Rhesa, will; course | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Rissah, watering; distillation; dew | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Rohgah, filled or drunk with talk | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Rosh, the head; top, or beginning | |
From The CIA World Factbook (1995) [world95]: | |
Russia Russia:Geography Location: Northern Asia (that part west of the Urals is sometimes included with Europe), bordering the Arctic Ocean, between Europe and the North Pacific Ocean Map references: Asia Area: total area: 17,075,200 sq km land area: 16,995,800 sq km comparative area: slightly more than 1.8 times the size of the US Land boundaries: total 20,139 km, Azerbaijan 284 km, Belarus 959 km, China (southeast) 3,605 km, China (south) 40 km, Estonia 290 km, Finland 1,313 km, Georgia 723 km, Kazakhstan 6,846 km, North Korea 19 km, Latvia 217 km, Lithuania (Kaliningrad Oblast) 227 km, Mongolia 3,441 km, Norway 167 km, Poland (Kaliningrad Oblast) 432 km, Ukraine 1,576 km Coastline: 37,653 km Maritime claims: continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive economic zone: 200 nm territorial sea: 12 nm International disputes: inherited disputes from former USSR including: sections of the boundary with China; islands of Etorofu, Kunashiri, and Shikotan and the Habomai group occupied by the Soviet Union in 1945, administered by Russia, claimed by Japan; maritime dispute with Norway over portion of the Barents Sea; Caspian Sea boundaries are not yet determined; potential dispute with Ukraine over Crimea; Estonia claims over 2,000 sq km of Russian territory in the Narva and Pechora regions; the Abrene section of the border ceded by the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic to Russia in 1944; has made no territorial claim in Antarctica (but has reserved the right to do so) and does not recognize the claims of any other nation Climate: ranges from steppes in the south through humid continental in much of European Russia; subarctic in Siberia to tundra climate in the polar north; winters vary from cool along Black Sea coast to frigid in Siberia; summers vary from warm in the steppes to cool along Arctic coast Terrain: broad plain with low hills west of Urals; vast coniferous forest and tundra in Siberia; uplands and mountains along southern border regions Natural resources: wide natural resource base including major deposits of oil, natural gas, coal, and many strategic minerals, timber note: formidable obstacles of climate, terrain, and distance hinder exploitation of natural resources Land use: arable land: 8% permanent crops: NEGL% meadows and pastures: 5% forest and woodland: 45% other: 42% Irrigated land: 56,000 sq km (1992) Environment: current issues: air pollution from heavy industry, emissions of coal-fired electric plants, and transportation in major cities; industrial and agricultural pollution of inland waterways and sea coasts; deforestation; soil erosion; soil contamination from improper application of agricultural chemicals; scattered areas of sometimes intense radioactive contamination natural hazards: permafrost over much of Siberia is a major impediment to development; volcanic activity in the Kuril Islands; volcanoes and earthquakes on the Kamchatka Peninsula international agreements: party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Antarctic Treaty, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling; signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Biodiversity, Law of the Sea Note: largest country in the world in terms of area but unfavorably located in relation to major sea lanes of the world; despite its size, much of the country lacks proper soils and climates (either too cold or too dry) for agriculture Russia:People Population: 149,909,089 (July 1995 est.) note: official Russian statistics put the population at 148,200,000 for 1994 Age structure: 0-14 years: 22% (female 16,208,640; male 16,784,017) 15-64 years: 66% (female 50,711,209; male 48,247,101) 65 years and over: 12% (female 12,557,447; male 5,400,675) (July 1995 est.) Population growth rate: 0.2% (1995 est.) note: official Russian statistics put the population growth rate at -6.0% for 1994 Birth rate: 12.64 births/1,000 population (1995 est.) note: official Russian statistics put the birth rate at 9.5 births per l,000 population for 1994 Death rate: 11.36 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.) note: official Russian statistics put the death rate at 15.5 deaths per l,000 population in 1994 Net migration rate: 0.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.) Infant mortality rate: 26.4 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.) note: official Russian statistics put the infant mortality rate at 19.9 deaths per l,000 live births in 1994 Life expectancy at birth: total population: 69.1 years male: 64.1 years female: 74.35 years (1995 est.) note: official Russian statistics put life expectancy at birth as 64 years for total population in 1994 Total fertility rate: 1.82 children born/woman (1995 est.) Nationality: noun: Russian(s) adjective: Russian Ethnic divisions: Russian 81.5%, Tatar 3.8%, Ukrainian 3%, Chuvash 1.2%, Bashkir 0.9%, Byelorussian 0.8%, Moldavian 0.7%, other 8.1% Religions: Russian Orthodox, Muslim, other Languages: Russian, other Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1989) total population: 98% male: 100% female: 97% Labor force: 85 million (1993) by occupation: production and economic services 83.9%, government 16.1% Russia:Government Names: conventional long form: Russian Federation conventional short form: Russia local long form: Rossiyskaya Federatsiya local short form: Rossiya former: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Digraph: RS Type: federation Capital: Moscow Administrative divisions: 21 autonomous republics (avtomnykh respublik, singular - avtomnaya respublika); Adygea (Maykop), Bashkortostan (Ufa), Buryatia (Ulan-Ude), Chechnya (Groznyy), Chuvashia (Cheboksary), Dagestan (Makhachkala), Gorno-Altay (Gorno-Altaysk), Ingushetia (Nazran'), Kabardino-Balkaria (Nal'chik), Kalmykia (Elista), Karachay-Cherkessia (Cherkessk), Karelia (Petrozavodsk), Khakassia (Abakan), Komi (Syktyvkar), Mari El (Yoshkar-Ola), Mordovia (Saransk), North Ossetia (Vladikavkaz), Tatarstan (Kazan'), Tuva (Kyzyl), Udmurtia (Izhevsk), Yakutia - also known as Sakha (Yakutsk); 49 oblasts (oblastey, singular - oblast'); Amur (Blagoveshchensk), Arkhangel'sk, Astrakhan', Belgorod, Bryansk, Chelyabinsk, Chita, Irkutsk, Ivanovo, Kaliningrad, Kaluga, Kamchatka (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy), Kemerovo, Kirov, Kostroma, Kurgan, Kursk, Leningrad (St. Petersburg), Lipetsk, Magadan, Moscow, Murmansk, Nizhniy Novgorod, Novgorod, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Orel, Orenburg, Penza, Perm', Pskov, Rostov, Ryazan', Sakhalin (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk), Samara, Saratov, Smolensk, Sverdlovsk (Yekaterinburg), Tambov, Tomsk, Tula, Tver', Tyumen', Ul'yanovsk, Vladimir, Volgograd, Vologda, Voronezh, Yaroslavl'; 6 krays (krayev, singular - kray); Altay (Barnaul), Khabarovsk, Krasnodar, Krasnoyarsk, Primorskiy (Vladivostok), Stavropol'; 10 autonomous okrugs; Aga (Aginskoye), Chukotka (Anadyr'), Evenkia (Tura), Khantia-Mansia (Khanty-Mansiysk), Koryakia (Palana), Nenetsia (Nar'yan-Mar), Permyakia (Kudymkar), Taymyria (Dudinka), Ust'-Onda (Ust'-Ordynskiy), Yamalia (Salekhard); 1 autonomous oblast (avtomnykh oblast'); Birobijan note: the autonomous republics of Chechnya and Ingushetia were formerly the autonomous republic of Checheno-Ingushetia (the boundary between Chechenia and Ingushetia has yet to be determined); the cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg are federal cities; an administrative division has the same name as its administrative center (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses) Independence: 24 August 1991 (from Soviet Union) National holiday: Independence Day, June 12 (1990) Constitution: adopted 12 December 1993 Legal system: based on civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal Executive branch: chief of state: President Boris Nikolayevich YEL'TSIN (since 12 June 1991); election last held 12 June 1991 (next to be held NA 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; note - no vice president; if the president dies in office, cannot exercise his powers because of ill health, is impeached, or resigns, the premier succeeds him; the premier serves as acting president until a new presidential election is held, which must be within three months head of government: Premier and Chairman of the Council of Ministers Viktor Stepanovich CHERNOMYRDIN (since 14 December 1992); First Deputy Chairmen of the Council of Ministers Oleg SOSKOVETS (since 30 April 1993) and Anatoliy CHUBAYS (since 5 November 1994) Security Council: originally established as a presidential advisory body in June 1991, but restructured in March 1992 with responsibility for managing individual and state security Presidential Administration: drafts presidential edicts and provides staff and policy support to the entire executive branch cabinet: Council of Ministers; appointed by the president Group of Assistants: schedules president's appointments, processes presidential edicts and other official documents, and houses the president's press service and primary speechwriters Council of Heads of Republics: includes the leaders of the 21 ethnic-based Republics Council of Heads of Administrations: includes the leaders of the 66 autonomous territories and regions, and the mayors of Moscow and St. Petersburg Presidential Council: prepares policy papers for the president Legislative branch: bicameral Federal Assembly Federation Council: elections last held 12 December 1993 (next to be held NA); results - two members elected from each of Russia's 89 territorial units for a total of 176 deputies; 2 seats unfilled as of 15 May 1994 (Chechnya did not participate in the election); Speaker Vladimir SHUMEYKO (Russia's Democratic Choice) State Duma: elections last held 12 December 1993 (next to be held NA December 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (450 total) Russia's Democratic Choice 78, New Regional Policy 66, Liberal Democrats 63, Agrarian Party 55, Communist Party of the Russian Federation 45, Unity and Accord 30, Yavlinskiy-Boldyrev-Lukin Bloc (Yabloko) 27, Women of Russia 23, Democratic Party of Russia 15, Russia's Path 12, other parties 23, affiliation unknown 12, unfilled (as of 13 March 1994; Chechnya did not participate in the election) 1; Speaker Ivan RYBKIN (Agrarian Party); note - as of 11 April 1995, seats were as follows: Russia's Democratic Choice 54, New Regional Policy 32, Liberal Democrats 54, Agrarian Party 51, Communist Party of the Russian Federation 45, Unity and Accord 25, Yavlinskiy-Boldyrev-Lukin Bloc (Yabloko) 28, Liberal Democratic Union of 12 December 9, Women of Russia 22, Democratic Party of Russia 10, Russia's Path 12, Duma 96 23, Russia 35, Stability 36, affiliation unknown 14 Judicial branch: Constitutional Court, Supreme Court (highest court for criminal, civil, and administrative cases), Superior Court of Arbitration (highest court that resolves economic disputes) Political parties and leaders: pro-market democrats: Party of Russian Unity and Accord, Sergey SHAKHRAY; Russia's Democratic Choice Party, Yegor GAYDAR; Russian Movement for Democratic Reforms, Anatoliy SOBCHAK; Yavlinskiy-Boldyrev-Lukin Bloc (Yabloko), Grigoriy YAVLINSKIY; Liberal Democratic Union of 12 December, Boris FEDOROV centrists/special interest parties: Civic Union for Stability, Justice, and Progress, Arkadiy VOL'SKIY; Democratic Party of Russia, Sergey GLAZ'YEV; Women of Russia, Alevtina FEDULOVA; Social Democratic Peoples' Party, Vasiliy LIPITSKIY; New Regional Policy (NRP), Vladimir MEDVEDEV anti-market and/or ultranationalist parties: Agrarian Party, Mikhail LAPSHIN; Communist Party of the Russian Federation, Gennadiy ZYUGANOV; Liberal Democratic Party of Russia, Vladimir ZHIRINOVSKIY; Derzhava, Aleksandr RUTSKOY note: more than 20 political parties and associations tried to gather enough signatures to run slates of candidates in the 12 December 1993 legislative elections, but only 13 succeeded Other political or pressure groups: NA Member of: BSEC, CBSS, CCC, CE (guest), CERN (observer), CIS, EBRD, ECE, ESCAP, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, MINURSO, NACC, NSG, OAS (observer), OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UN Security Council, UNAMIR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNITAR, UNMIH, UNOMOZ, UNPROFOR, UNTSO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC Diplomatic representation in US: chief of mission: Ambassador Sergey LAVROV chancery: 2650 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007 telephone: [1] (202) 298-5700 through 5704 FAX: [1] (202) 298-5735 consulate(s) general: New York, San Francisco, and Seattle US diplomatic representation: chief of mission: Ambassador Thomas R. PICKERING embassy: Novinskiy Bul'var 19/23, Moscow mailing address: APO AE 09721 telephone: [7] (095) 252-24-51 through 59 FAX: [7] (095) 956-42-61 consulate(s) general: St. Petersburg, Vladivostok, Yekaterinburg Flag: three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red Economy Overview: Russia, a vast country with a wealth of natural resources, a well-educated population, and a diverse industrial base, continues to experience formidable difficulties in moving from its old centrally planned economy to a modern market economy. President YEL'TSIN's government has made substantial strides in converting to a market economy since launching its economic reform program in January 1992 by freeing nearly all prices, slashing defense spending, eliminating the old centralized distribution system, completing an ambitious voucher privatization program, establishing private financial institutions, and decentralizing foreign trade. Russia, however, has made little progress in a number of key areas that are needed to provide a solid foundation for the transition to a market economy. Financial stabilization has remained elusive, with wide swings in monthly inflation rates. Only limited restructuring of industry has occurred so far because of a scarcity of investment funds and the failure of enterprise managers to make hard cost-cutting decisions. In addition, Moscow has yet to develop a social safety net that would allow faster restructuring by relieving enterprises of the burden of providing social benefits for their workers and has been slow to develop the legal framework necessary to fully support a market economy and to encourage foreign investment. As a result, output has continued to fall. According to Russian official data, which probably overstate the fall, GDP declined by 15% in 1994 compared with a 12% decline in 1993. Industrial output in 1994 fell 21% with all major sectors taking a hit. Agricultural production in 1994 was down 9%. The grain harvest totaled 81 million tons, some 15 million tons less than in 1993. Unemployment climbed to an estimated 6.6 million or about 7% of the work force by yearend 1994. Floundering Russian firms have already had to put another 4.8 million workers on involuntary, unpaid leave or shortened workweeks. Government fears of large-scale unemployment continued to hamper industrial restructuring efforts. According to official Russian data, real per capita income was up nearly 18% in 1994 compared with 1993, in part because many Russians are working second jobs. Most Russians perceive that they are worse off now because of growing crime and health problems and mounting wage arrears. Russia has made significant headway in privatizing state assets, completing its voucher privatization program at midyear 1994. At least a portion of about 110,000 state enterprises were transferred to private hands by the end of 1994. Including partially privatized firms, the private sector accounted for roughly half of GDP in 1994. Financial stabilization continued to remain a challenge for the government. Moscow tightened financial policies in late 1993 and early 1994, including postponing planned budget spending, and succeeded in reducing monthly inflation from 18% in January to about 5% in July and August. At midyear, however, the government relaxed austerity measures in the face of mounting pressure from industry and agriculture, sparking a new round of inflation; the monthly inflation rate jumped to roughly 15% per month during the fourth quarter. In response, Moscow announced a fairly tight government budget for 1995 designed to bring monthly inflation down to around 1% by the end of 1995. According to official statistics, Russia's 1994 trade with nations outside the former Soviet Union produced a $12.3 billion surplus, up from $11.3 billion in 1993. Foreign sales - comprised largely of oil, natural gas, and other raw materials - grew more than 8%. Imports also were up 8% as demand for food and other consumer goods surged. Russian trade with other former Soviet republics continued to decline. At the same time, Russia paid only a fraction of the roughly $20 billion in debt that came due in 1994, and by the end of the year, Russia's hard currency foreign debt had risen to nearly $100 billion. Moscow reached agreement to restructure debts with Paris Club official creditors in mid-1994 and concluded a preliminary deal with its commercial bank creditors late in the year to reschedule debts owed them in early 1995. Capital flight continued to be a serious problem in 1994, with billions of additional dollars in assets being moved abroad, primarily to bank accounts in Europe. Russia's physical plant continues to deteriorate because of insufficient maintenance and new construction. Plant and equipment on average are twice the age of the West's. Many years will pass before Russia can take full advantage of its natural resources and its human assets. National product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $721.2 billion (1994 estimate as extrapolated from World Bank estimate for 1992) National product real growth rate: -15% (1994 est.) National product per capita: $4,820 (1994 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 10% per month (average 1994) Unemployment rate: 7.1% (December 1994) with considerable additional underemployment Budget: revenues: $NA expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA Exports: $48 billion (f.o.b., 1994) commodities: petroleum and petroleum products, natural gas, wood and wood products, metals, chemicals, and a wide variety of civilian and military manufactures partners: Europe, North America, Japan, Third World countries, Cuba Imports: $35.7 billion (f.o.b., 1994) commodities: machinery and equipment, consumer goods, medicines, meat, grain, sugar, semifinished metal products partners: Europe, North America, Japan, Third World countries, Cuba External debt: $95 billion-$100 billion (yearend 1994) Industrial production: growth rate -21% (1994) Electricity: capacity: 213,100,000 KW production: 876 billion kWh consumption per capita: 5,800 kWh (1994) Industries: complete range of mining and extractive industries producing coal, oil, gas, chemicals, and metals; all forms of machine building from rolling mills to high-performance aircraft and space vehicles; ship- building; road and rail transportation equipment; communications equipment; agricultural machinery, tractors, and construction equipment; electric power generating and transmitting equipment; medical and scientific instruments; consumer durables Agriculture: grain, sugar beets, sunflower seeds, meat, milk, vegetables, fruits; because of its northern location does not grow citrus, cotton, tea, and other warm climate products Illicit drugs: illicit cultivator of cannabis and opium poppy; mostly for domestic consumption; government has active eradication program; used as transshipment point for Asian and Latin American illicit drugs to Western Europe and Latin America Economic aid: recipient: US commitments, including Ex-Im (1990-94), $15 billion; other countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1990-93), $120 billion Currency: 1 ruble (R) = 100 kopeks Exchange rates: rubles per US$1 - 3,550 (29 December 1994), 1,247 (27 December 1993); nominal exchange rate still deteriorating but real exchange rate holding steady Fiscal year: calendar year Russia:Transportation Railroads: total: 154,000 km; note - 87,000 km in common carrier service (49,000 km diesel; and 38,000 km electrified); 67,000 km serve specific industries and are not available for common carrier use broad gauge: 154,000 km 1.520-m gauge (1 January 1994) Highways: total: 934,000 km (445,000 km serve specific industries or farms and are not available for common carrier use) paved and graveled: 725,000 km unpaved: 209,000 km (1 January 1994) Inland waterways: total navigable routes in general use 101,000 km; routes with navigation guides serving the Russian River Fleet 95,900 km; of which routes with night navigational aids 60,400 km; man-made navigable routes 16,900 km (1 January 1994) Pipelines: crude oil 48,000 km; petroleum products 15,000 km; natural gas 140,000 km (30 June 1993) Ports: Arkhangel'sk, Astrakhan', Kaliningrad, Kazan', Khabarovsk, Kholmsk, Krasnoyarsk, Moscow, Murmansk, Nakhodka, Nevel'sk, Novorossiysk, Petropavlovsk, St. Petersburg, Rostov, Sochi, Tuapse, Vladivostok, Volgograd, Vostochnyy, Vyborg Merchant marine: total: 800 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 7,295,109 GRT/10,128,579 DWT ships by type: barge carrier 2, bulk cargo 26, cargo 424, chemical tanker 7, combination bulk 22, combination ore/oil 16, container 81, multifunction large-load carrier 3, oil tanker 111, passenger 4, passenger-cargo 5, refrigerated cargo 19, roll-on/roll-off cargo 62, short-sea passenger 16, specialized tanker 2 note: in addition, Russia owns 235 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,084,439 DWT that operate under Maltese, Cypriot, Liberian, Panamanian, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Honduran, Marshall Islands, Bahamian, and Vanuatu registry Airports: total: 2,517 with paved runways over 3,047 m: 54 with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 202 with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 108 with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 115 with paved runways under 914 m: 151 with unpaved runways over 3,047 m: 25 with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 45 with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m: 134 with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 291 with unpaved runways under 914 m: 1,392 Russia:Communications Telephone system: 24,400,000 telephones; 20,900,000 telephones in urban areas and 3,500,000 telephones in rural areas; of these, total installed in homes 15,400,000; total pay phones for long distant calls 34,100; about 164 telephones/1,000 persons; Russia is enlisting foreign help, by means of joint ventures, to speed up the modernization of its telecommunications system; in 1992, only 661,000 new telephones were installed compared with 855,000 in 1991, and in 1992 the number of unsatisfied applications for telephones reached 11,000,000; expanded access to international E-mail service available via Sprint network; the inadequacy of Russian telecommunications is a severe handicap to the economy, especially with respect to international connections local: NMT-450 analog cellular telephone networks are operational and growing in Moscow and St. Petersburg intercity: intercity fiberoptic cable installation remains limited international: international traffic is handled by an inadequate system of satellites, land lines, microwave radio relay and outdated submarine cables; this traffic passes through the international gateway switch in Moscow which carries most of the international traffic for the other countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States; a new Russian Raduga satellite will link Moscow and St. Petersburg with Rome from whence calls will be relayed to destinations in Europe and overseas; satellite earth stations - INTELSAT, Intersputnik, Eutelsat (Moscow), INMARSAT, Orbita Radio: broadcast stations: AM 1,050, FM 1,050, shortwave 1,050 radios: 48.8 million (radio receivers with multiple speaker systems for program diffusion 74,300,000) Television: broadcast stations: 7,183 televisions: 54.2 million Russia:Defense Forces Branches: Ground Forces, Navy, Air Forces, Air Defense Forces, Strategic Rocket Forces Manpower availability: males age 15-49 38,264,699; males fit for military service 29,951,977; males reach military age (18) annually 1,106,176 (1995 est.) Defense expenditures: $NA, NA% of GDP note: the Intelligence Community estimates that defense spending in Russia fell about 15% in real terms in 1994, reducing Russian defense outlays to about one-fourth of peak Soviet levels in the late 1980s; although Russia may still spend as much as 10% of its GDP on defense, this is significantly below the 15% to 17% burden the former USSR carried during much of the 1980s; conversion of military expenditures into US dollars using the current exchange rate could produce misleading results |