English Dictionary: cone | by the DICT Development Group |
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From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Dipyridine \Di*pyr"i*dine\ (?; 104), n. [Pref. di- + pyridine.] (Geom.) A polymeric form of pyridine, {C10H10N2}, obtained as a colorless oil by the action of sodium on pyridine. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cymidine \Cy"mi*dine\ ( s?"m?-d?n [or] -d?n; 104), n. (Chem.) A liquid organic base, {C10H13.NH2}, derived from cymene. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Thalline \Thal"line\, n. [Gr. [?] a young shoot or branch.] (Chem.) An artificial alkaloid of the quinoline series, obtained as a white crystalline substance, {C10H13NO}, whose salts are valuable as antipyretics; -- so called from the green color produced in its solution by certain oxidizing agents. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Phenacetin \Phe*nac"e*tin\, Phenacetine \Phe*nac"e*tine\, n. [Phenyl + acetic + -in.] (Pharm.) A white, crystalline compound, {C10H13O2N}, used in medicine principally as an antipyretic. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Isonicotine \I`so*nic"o*tine\, n. [Iso- + nicotine.] (Chem.) A crystalline, nitrogenous base, {C10H14N2}, isomeric with nicotine. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Coridine \Co"ri*dine\ (k?"r?-d?n; 104), n. [From L. cortium leather.] A colorless or yellowish oil, {C10H15N}, of a leathery odor, occuring in coal tar, Dippel's oil, tobacco smoke, etc., regarded as an organic base, homologous with pyridine. Also, one of a series of metameric compounds of which coridine is a type. [Written also {corindine}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Carnic \Car"nic\, a. [L. caro, carnis, flesh.] Of or pertaining to flesh; specif. (Physiol. Chem.), pertaining to or designating a hydroscopic monobasic acid, {C10H15O5N3}, obtained as a cleavage product from an acid of muscle tissue. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Valeridine \Va*ler"i*dine\, n. (Chem.) A base, {C10H19N}, produced by heating valeric aldehyde with ammonia. It is probably related to the conine alkaloids. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Naphthylamine \Naph`thyl*am"ine\, n. (Chem.) One of two basic amido derivatives of naphthalene, {C10H7.NH2}, forming crystalline solids. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Dipyridil \Di*pyr"i*dil\, n. [Pref. di- + pyridine + -yl.] (Chem.) A crystalline nitrogenous base, {C10H8N2}, obtained by the reduction of pyridine. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Iridoline \I*rid"o*line\, n. [Iridescent + L. oleum oil.] (Chem.) A nitrogenous base {C10H9N}, extracted from coal-tar naphtha, as an oily liquid. It is a member of the quinoline series, and is probably identical with {lepidine}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cryptidine \Cryp"ti*dine\ (kr?p"t?-d?n; 104), n. [Gr. krypto`s hidden.] (Chem.) One of the quinoline bases, obtained from coal tar as an oily liquid, {C11H11N}; also, any one of several substances metameric with, and resembling, cryptidine proper. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rubidine \Ru"bi*dine\ (? [or] ?), n. (Chem.) A nitrogenous base homologous with pyridine, obtained from coal tar as an oily liquid, {C11H17N}; also, any one of the group od metameric compounds of which rubidine is the type. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cotarnine \Co*tar"nine\ (k?-t?r"n?n [or] -n?n), n. [F., fr. narcotine, by transposition of letters.] (Chem.) A white, crystalline substance, {C12H13NO3}, obtained as a product of the decomposition of narcotine. It has weak basic properties, and is usually regarded as an alkaloid. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Viridine \Vir"i*dine\, n. [L. viridis green.] (Chem.) A greenish, oily, nitrogenous hydrocarbon, {C12H19N7}, obtained from coal tar, and probably consisting of a mixture of several metameric compounds which are higher derivatives of the base pyridine. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Euchroic \Eu*chro"ic\, a. [Gr. [?] well-colored; [?] well + [?] color.] (Chem.) Having a fine color. {Euchroic acid} (Chem.), an organic, imide acid, obtained as a colorless crystalline substance, {C12H4N2O8} by heating an ammonium salt of mellitic acid. By reduction it is changed to a dark blue substance (euchrone), -- hence its name. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Phenanthroline \Phe*nan"thro*line\, n. [Phenanthrene + quinoline.] (Chem.) Either of two metameric nitrogenous hydrocarbon bases, {C12H8N2}, analogous to phenanthridine, but more highly nitrogenized. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Carbazol \Car"ba*zol\, n. [Carbon + azo + -ol.] (Chem.) A white crystallized substance, {C12H8NH}, derived from aniline and other amines. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Flavine \Fla"vine\ (?; 104), n. (Chem.) A yellow, crystalline, organic base, {C13H12N2O}, obtained artificially. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Phenanthridine \Phe*nan"thri*dine\, n. [Phenanthrene + pyridine.] (Chem.) A nitrogenous hydrocarbon base, {C13H9N}, analogous to phenanthrene and quinoline. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Valeritrine \Va*ler"i*trine\, n. [Valeric + iropine + -ine.] (Chem.) A base, {C15H27N}, produced together with valeridine, which it resembles. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Indigo \In"di*go\, a. Having the color of, pertaining to, or derived from, indigo. {Indigo berry} (Bot.), the fruit of the West Indian shrub {Randia aculeata}, used as a blue dye. {Indigo bird} (Zo[94]l.), a small North American finch ({Cyanospiza cyanea}). The male is indigo blue in color. Called also {indigo bunting}. {Indigo blue}. (a) The essential coloring material of commercial indigo, from which it is obtained as a dark blue earthy powder, with a reddish luster, {C16H10N2O2}, which may be crystallized by sublimation. Indigo blue is also made from artificial amido cinnamic acid, and from artificial isatine; and these methods are of great commercial importance. Called also {indigotin}. (b) A dark, dull blue color like the indigo of commerce. {Indigo brown} (Chem.), a brown resinous substance found in crude indigo. {Indigo copper} (Min.), covellite. {Indigo green}, a green obtained from indigo. {Indigo plant} (Bot.), a leguminous plant of several species (genus {Indigofera}), from which indigo is prepared. The different varieties are natives of Asia, Africa, and America. Several species are cultivated, of which the most important are the {I. tinctoria}, or common indigo plant, the {I. Anil}, a larger species, and the {I. disperma}. {Indigo purple}, a purple obtained from indigo. {Indigo red}, a dyestuff, isomeric with indigo blue, obtained from crude indigo as a dark brown amorphous powder. {Indigo snake} (Zo[94]l.), the gopher snake. {Indigo white}, a white crystalline powder obtained by reduction from indigo blue, and by oxidation easily changed back to it; -- called also {indigogen}. {Indigo yellow}, a substance obtained from indigo. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Flavaniline \Fla*van"i*line\ (? [or] ?; 104), n. [L. flavus yellow + E. aniline.] (Chem.) A yellow, crystalline, organic dyestuff, {C16H14N2}, of artifical production. It is a strong base, and is a complex derivative of aniline and quinoline. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Colchicine \Col"chi*cine\ (? [or] ?), n. [Cf. F. colchicine.] (Chem.) A powerful vegetable alkaloid, {C17H19NO5}, extracted from the {Colchicum autumnale}, or meadow saffron, as a white or yellowish amorphous powder, with a harsh, bitter taste; -- called also {colchicia}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cocaine \Co"ca*ine\, n. (Chem.) A powerful alkaloid, {C17H21NO4}, obtained from the leaves of coca. It is a bitter, white, crystalline substance, and is remarkable for producing local insensibility to pain. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Codeine \Co*de"ine\, n. [Gr. [?] poppy head: cf. F. cod[?]ine.] (Chem.) One of the opium alkaloids; a white crystalline substance, {C18H21NO3}, similar to and regarded as a derivative of morphine, but much feebler in its action; -- called also {codeia}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Thebaine \The*ba"ine\, n. [So called from a kind of Egyptian opium produced at Thebes.] (Chem.) A poisonous alkaloid, {C19H21NO3}, found in opium in small quantities, having a sharp, astringent taste, and a tetanic action resembling that of strychnine. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cinchonidine \Cin*chon"i*dine\, n. [From {Cinchona}.] (Chem.) One of the quinine group of alkaloids, found especially in red cinchona bark. It is a white crystalline substance, {C19H22N2O}, with a bitter taste and qualities similar to, but weaker than, quinine; -- sometimes called also {cinchonidia}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rosaniline \Ros*an"i*line\ (? [or] ?), n. [Rose + aniline.] (Chem.) A complex nitrogenous base, {C20H21N3O}, obtained by oxidizing a mixture of aniline and toluidine, as a colorless crystalline substance which forms red salts. These salts are essential components of many of the socalled aniline dyes, as fuchsine, aniline red, etc. By extension, any one of the series of substances derived from, or related to, rosaniline proper. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Quinine \Qui"nine\, n. [F. (cf. Sp. quinina), fr. Sp. quina, or quinaquina, Peruvian bark, fr. Peruv. kina, quina, bark. Cf. {Kinic}.] (Chem.) An alkaloid extracted from the bark of several species of cinchona (esp. {Cinchona Calisaya}) as a bitter white crystalline substance, {C20H24N2O2}. Hence, by extension (Med.), any of the salts of this alkaloid, as the acetate, chloride, sulphate, etc., employed as a febrifuge or antiperiodic. Called also {quinia}, {quinina}, etc. [Written also {chinine}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Tetrazine \Tet*raz"ine\, n. Also -in \-in\ . [Tetrazo- + -ine.] (Chem.) A hypothetical compound, {C2H2N4} which may be regarded as benzene with four {CH} groups replaced by nitrogen atoms; also, any of various derivatives of the same. There are three isomeric varieties. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Param \Par"am\, n. (Chem.) A white crystalline nitrogenous substance ({C2H4N4}); -- called also {dicyandiamide}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Piperazine \Pi*per"a*zine\, n. Also -zin \-zin\ . [Piperidine + azote + -ine.] (Chem.) A crystalline substance, {(C2H4NH)2}, formed by action of ammonia on ethylene bromide, by reduction of pyrazine, etc. It is a strong base, and is used as a remedy for gout. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Diamine \Di*am"ine\ (?; 104), n. [Pref. di- + amine.] (Chem.) A compound containing two amido groups united with one or more basic or positive radicals, -- as contrasted with a diamide. Note: In chemical nomenclature, if any amine or diamine is named by prefixing the nitrogen group, the name of the latter takes the form of amido, diamido, etc., thus ethylene diamine, {C2H4.(NH2)2}, is also called diamido-ethylene. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ethylamine \Eth`yl*am"ine\, n. [Ethyl + amine.] (Chem.) A colorless, mobile, inflammable liquid, {C2H5.NH2}, very volatile and with an ammoniacal odor. It is a strong base, and is a derivative of ammonia. Called also {ethyl carbamine}, and {amido ethane}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cyanogen \Cy*an"o*gen\ (s?-?n"?-j?n), n. [Gr. ky`anos a dark blue substance + -gen: cf. F. cyanog[8a]ne. So called because it produced blue dyes.] (Chem.) A colorless, inflammable, poisonous gas, {C2N2}, with a peach-blossom odor, so called from its tendency to form blue compounds; obtained by heating ammonium oxalate, mercuric cyanide, etc. It is obtained in combination, forming an alkaline cyanide when nitrogen or a nitrogenous compound is strongly ignited with carbon and soda or potash. It conducts itself like a member of the halogen group of elements, and shows a tendency to form complex compounds. The name is also applied to the univalent radical, {CN} (the half molecule of cyanogen proper), which was one of the first compound radicals recognized. Note: Cyanogen is found in the commercial substances, potassium cyanide, or prussiate of potash, yellow prussiate of potash, Prussian blue, Turnbull's blue, prussic acid, etc. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Polymeric \Pol`y*mer"ic\, a. [Poly- + Gr. [?] part.] (Chem.) Having the same percentage composition (that is, having the same elements united in the same proportion by weight), but different molecular weights; -- often used with with; thus, cyanic acid ({CNOH}), fulminic acid ({C2N2O2H2}), and cyanuric acid ({C3N3O3H3}), are polymeric with each other. Note: The figures expressing the number of atoms of each element in a number of polymeric substances are respectively multiples and factors of each other, or have some simple common divisor. The relation may be merely a numerical one, as in the example given above, or a chemical one, as in the case of aldehyde, paraldehyde, and metaldehyde. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Biuret \Bi"u*ret\, n. [Pref. bi- + urea.] (Chem.) A white, crystalline, nitrogenous substance, {C2O2N3H5}, formed by heating urea. It is intermediate between urea and cyanuric acid. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Oxamide \Ox*am"ide\, n, [Oxalic + amide.] (Chem.) A white crystalline neutral substance ({C2O2(NH2)2)} obtained by treating ethyl oxalate with ammonia. It is the acid amide of oxalic acid. Formerly called also {oxalamide}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Glyoxaline \Gly*ox"a*line\, n. (Chem.) A white, crystalline, organic base, {C3H4N2}, produced by the action of ammonia on glyoxal, and forming the origin of a large class of derivatives hence, any one of the series of which glyoxaline is a type; -- called also {oxaline}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Hydantoin \Hy*dan"to*in\, n. [Hydrogen + allantion.] (Chem.) A derivative of urea, {C3H4N2O2}, obtained from allantion, as a white, crystalline substance, with a sweetish taste; -- called also {glycolyl urea}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Melamine \Me*lam"ine\, n. (Chem.) A strong nitrogenous base, {C3H6N6}, produced from several cyanogen compounds, and obtained as a white crystalline substance, -- formerly supposed to be produced by the decomposition of melam. Called also {cyanuramide}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Alanine \Al"a*nine\, n. [Aldehyde + the ending -ine. The -n- is a euphonic insertion.] (Chem.) A white crystalline base, {C3H7NO2}, derived from aldehyde ammonia. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Parabanic \Par`a*ban"ic\, a. [Gr. [?] to pass over.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a nitrogenous acid which is obtained by the oxidation of uric acid, as a white crystalline substance ({C3N2H2O3}); -- also called oxalyl urea. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Oxalan \Ox"a*lan\, n. [From {Alloxan}, by transposition of letters.] (Chem.) A complex nitrogenous substance {C3N3H5O3} obtained from alloxan (or when urea is fused with ethyl oxamate), as a stable white crystalline powder; -- called also {oxaluramide}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Polymeric \Pol`y*mer"ic\, a. [Poly- + Gr. [?] part.] (Chem.) Having the same percentage composition (that is, having the same elements united in the same proportion by weight), but different molecular weights; -- often used with with; thus, cyanic acid ({CNOH}), fulminic acid ({C2N2O2H2}), and cyanuric acid ({C3N3O3H3}), are polymeric with each other. Note: The figures expressing the number of atoms of each element in a number of polymeric substances are respectively multiples and factors of each other, or have some simple common divisor. The relation may be merely a numerical one, as in the example given above, or a chemical one, as in the case of aldehyde, paraldehyde, and metaldehyde. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cyanuric acid \Cyanuric acid\ (Chem.), an organic acid, {C3O3N3H3}, first obtained by heating uric acid or urea, and called {pyrouric acid}; afterwards obtained from {isocyanic acid}. It is a white crystalline substance, odorless and almost tasteless; -- called also {tricarbimide}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Putrescin \Pu*tres"cin\, n. (Physiol. Chem.) A nontoxic diamine, {C4H12N2}, formed in the putrefaction of the flesh of mammals and some other animals. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Pyrazine \Pyr"a*zine\, n. Also -zin \-zin\ . [Pyridine + Gr. [?] not + [?] life.] (Org. Chem.) A feebly basic solid, {C4H4N2}, obtained by distilling piperazine with zinc dust, and in other ways. Also, by extension, any of various derivatives of the same. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Pyrrol \Pyr"rol\, n. [Gr. [?] flame-colored (from [?] fire) + L. oleum oil.] (Chem.) A nitrogenous base found in coal tar, bone oil, and other distillates of organic substances, and also produced synthetically as a colorless liquid, {C4H5N}, having on odor like that of chloroform. It is the nucleus and origin of a large number of derivatives. So called because it colors a splinter of wood moistened with hydrochloric acid a deep red. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Oxonic \Ox*on"ic\, a. [Prob. glyoxalic + carbonic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a complex nitrogenous acid ({C4H5N3O4}) not known in the free state, but obtained, in combination with its salts, by a slow oxidation of uric acid, to which it is related. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Pyrroline \Pyr"ro*line\, n. (Chem.) A nitrogenous base, {C4H7N}, obtained as a colorless liquid by the reduction of pyrrol. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Trigenic \Tri*gen"ic\, a. [Pref. tri- + gen- + -ic. So named in reference to its composition, it being supposed to contain the radicals of three molecules of cyanic acid.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid, {C4H7N3O2}, obtained, by the action of the vapor of cyanic acid on cold aldehyde, as a white crystalline substance having a slightly acid taste and faint smell; -- called also {ethidene- [or] ethylidene-biuret}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Asparagine \As*par"a*gine\, n. [Cf. F. asparagine.] (Chem.) A white, nitrogenous, crystallizable substance, {C4H8N2O3+H2O}, found in many plants, and first obtained from asparagus. It is believed to aid in the disposition of nitrogenous matter throughout the plant; -- called also {altheine}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Butylamine \Bu`tyl*am"ine\, n. [Butyric + -yl + amine.] (Org. Chem.) A colorless liquid base, {C4H9NH2}, of which there are four isomeric varieties. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Iodol \I"o*dol\, n. [Iodo- + pyrrol.] (Chem.) A crystallized substance of the composition {C4I4NH}, technically tetra-iodo-pyrrol, used like iodoform. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Piperidine \Pi*per"i*dine\, n. (Chem.) An oily liquid alkaloid, {C5H11N}, having a hot, peppery, ammoniacal odor. It is related to pyridine, and is obtained by the decomposition of piperine. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Amyl nitrite \Amyl nitrite\ A yellowish oily volatile liquid, {C5H11NO2}, used in medicine as a heart stimulant and a vasodilator. The inhalation of its vapor instantly produces flushing of the face. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Betaine \Be"ta*ine\, n. [From beta, generic name of the beet.] (Chem.) A nitrogenous base, {C5H11NO2}, produced artificially, and also occurring naturally in beet-root molasses and its residues, from which it is extracted as a white crystalline substance; -- called also {lycine} and {oxyneurine}. It has a sweetish taste. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Muscarin \Mus*ca"rin\, n. (Physiol. Chem.) A solid crystalline substance, {C5H13NO2}, found in the toadstool ({Agaricus muscarius}), and in putrid fish. It is a typical ptomaine, and a violent poison. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Neuridin \Neu"ri*din\, n. [From {Neurine}.] (Physiol. Chem.) a nontoxic base, {C5H14N2}, found in the putrescent matters of flesh, fish, decaying cheese, etc. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cadaverine \Ca*dav"er*ine\, n. Also -in \-in\ . [From {Cadaver}.] (Chem.) A sirupy, nontoxic ptomaine, {C5H14N2} (chemically pentamethylene diamine), formed in putrefaction of flesh, etc. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Pyridyl \Pyr"i*dyl\, n. [Pyridine + -yl.] (Chem.) A hypothetical radical, {C5H4N}, regarded as the essential residue of pyridine, and analogous to phenyl. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Uric \U"ric\, a. [Gr. [?] urine: cf. F. urique. See {Urine}.] (Physiol. Chem.) Of or pertaining to urine; obtained from urine; as, uric acid. {Uric acid}, a crystalline body, present in small quantity in the urine of man and most mammals. Combined in the form of urate of ammonia, it is the chief constituent of the urine of birds and reptiles, forming the white part. Traces of it are also found in the various organs of the body. It is likewise a common constituent, either as the free acid or as a urate, of urinary or renal calculi and of the so-called gouty concretions. From acid urines, uric acid is frequently deposited, on standing in a cool place, in the form of a reddish yellow sediment, nearly always crystalline. Chemically, it is composed of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen, {C5H4N4O3}, and by decomposition yields urea, among other products. It can be made synthetically by heating together urea and glycocoll. It was formerly called also {lithic acid}, in allusion to its occurrence in stone, or calculus. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Xanthine \Xan"thine\, n. Also Xanthin \Xan"thin\ . [Gr. xanqo`s yellow.] (Physiol. Chem.) A white microcrystalline nitrogenous compound, {C5H4O2N4}, present in muscle tissue, in the liver, spleen, pancreas, and other organs, and also in urine (in small quantities) and some urinary calculi, and in the juices of certain plants; -- so called because it leaves a yellow residue when evaporated to dryness with nitric acid. Xanthine is closely related to uric acid. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Pyridine \Pyr"i*dine\, n. [From Gr. [?] fire.] (Physiol. Chem.) A nitrogenous base, {C5H5N}, obtained from the distillation of bone oil or coal tar, and by the decomposition of certain alkaloids, as a colorless liquid with a peculiar pungent odor. It is the nucleus of a large number of organic substances, among which several vegetable alkaloids, as nicotine and certain of the ptoma[8b]nes, may be mentioned. See {Lutidine}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Guanin \Gua"nin\, n. (Physiol. Chem.) A crystalline substance ({C5H5N5O}) contained in guano. It is also a constituent of the liver, pancreas, and other glands in mammals. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Uroxanic \U`rox*an"ic\, a. [Uric + alloxan.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid, {C5H8N4O6}, which is obtained, as a white crystalline substance, by the slow oxidation of uric acid in alkaline solution. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Oxalethyline \Ox`al*eth"yl*ine\, n. [Oxalic + ethyl + -ine.] A poisonous nitrogenous base ({C6H10N2}) obtained indirectly from oxamide as a thick transparent oil which has a strong narcotic odor, and a physiological action resembling that of atropine. It is probably related to pyridine. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Amylose \Am`y*lose"\, n. (Chem.) One of the starch group {(C6H10O5)n} of the carbohydrates; as, starch, arabin, dextrin, cellulose, etc. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cellulose \Cel"lu*lose`\, n. (Chem.) The substance which constitutes the essential part of the solid framework of plants, of ordinary wood, linen, paper, etc. It is also found to a slight extent in certain animals, as the tunicates. It is a carbohydrate, {(C6H10O5)n}, isomeric with starch, and is convertible into starches and sugars by the action of heat and acids. When pure, it is a white amorphous mass. See {Starch}, {Granulose}, {Lignin}. Unsized, well bleached linen paper is merely pure cellulose. --Goodale. {Starch cellulose}, the delicate framework which remains when the soluble part (granulose) of starch is removed by saliva or pepsin. --Goodale. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Mydatoxin \Myd`a*tox"in\, n. [Gr. [?] to be clammy (from decay) + toxic + in.] (Physiol. Chem.) A poisonous amido acid, {C6H13NO2}, separated by Brieger from decaying horseflesh. In physiological action, it is similar to curare. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Picric \Pi"cric\, a. [Gr. [?] bitter.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a strong organic acid (called picric acid), intensely bitter. Note: Picric acid is obtained by treating phenol with strong nitric acid, as a brilliant yellow crystalline substance, {C6H2(NO2)3.OH}. It is used in dyeing silk and wool, and also in the manufacture of explosives, as it is very unstable when heated. Called also {trinitrophenol}, and formerly {carbazotic acid}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Mellone \Mel"lone\, n. (Chem.) A yellow powder, {C6H3N9}, obtained from certain sulphocyanates. It has acid properties and forms compounds called mellonides. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Amidol \Am"i*dol\, n. [Amide + -ol as in alcohol.] (Photog. & Chem.) A salt of a diamino phenol, {C6H3(OH)(NH2)2}, used as a developer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Oxalantin \Ox`a*lan"tin\, n. [From {Alloxantin}, by transposition of letters.] (Chem.) A white crystalline nitrogenous substance ({C6H4N4O5}) obtained by the reduction of parabanic acid; -- called also {leucoturic acid}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Phenyl \Phe"nyl\, n. [Gr. [?] to bring to light + -yl: cf. F. ph[82]nyle. So called because it is a by-product of illuminating gas.] (Chem.) A hydrocarbon radical ({C6H5}) regarded as the essential residue of benzene, and the basis of an immense number of aromatic derivatives. {Phenyl hydrate} (Chem.), phenol or carbolic acid. {Phenyl hydrazine} (Chem.), a nitrogenous base ({C6H5.N2H3}) produced artificially as a colorless oil which unites with acids, ketones, etc., to form well-crystallized compounds. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Diazo- \Di*az"o-\ [Pref. di- + azo-] (Chem.) A combining form (also used adjectively), meaning pertaining to, or derived from, a series of compounds containing a radical of two nitrogen atoms, united usually to an aromatic radical; as, diazo-benzene, {C6H5.N2.OH}. Note: Diazo compounds are in general unstable, but are of great importance in recent organic chemistry. They are obtained by a partial reduction of the salts of certain amido compounds. {Diazo reactions} (Chem.), a series of reactions whereby diazo compounds are employed in substitution. These reactions are of great importance in organic chemistry. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Nitrobenzene \Ni`tro*ben"zene\ (? [or] ?), n. [Nitro- + benzene.] (Chem.) A yellow aromatic liquid ({C6H5.NO2}), produced by the action of nitric acid on benzene, and called from its odor {imitation oil of bitter almonds}, or {essence of mirbane}. It is used in perfumery, and is manufactured in large quantities in the preparation of aniline. Fornerly called also {nitrobenzol}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Glycosine \Gly"co*sine\, n. (Chem.) An organic base, {C6H6N4}, produced artificially as a white, crystalline powder, by the action of ammonia on glyoxal. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Picoline \Pic"o*line\, n. [L. pix, picis, pitch + oleum oil + -ine.] (Chem.) Any one of three isometric bases ({C6H7N}) related to pyridine, and obtained from bone oil, acrolein ammonia, and coal-tar naphtha, as colorless mobile liquids of strong odor; -- called also {methyl pyridine}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Melam \Me"lam\ (m[emac]"l[acr]m), n. [Cf. F. m[82]lam.] (Chem.) A white or buff-colored granular powder, {C6H9N11}, obtained by heating ammonium sulphocyanate. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Typhotoxin \Ty`pho*tox"in\, n. [Typhoid + -toxic.] (Physiol. Chem.) A basic substance, {C7H17NO2}, formed from the growth of the typhoid bacillus on meat pulp. It induces in small animals lethargic conditions with liquid dejecta. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Indazol \In"da*zol\, n. [Indol + azote.] (Chem.) A nitrogenous compound, {C7H6N2}, analogous to indol, and produced from a diazo derivative or cinnamic acid. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Theobromine \The`o*bro"mine\, n. (Chem.) An alkaloidal ureide, {C7H8N4O2}, homologous with and resembling caffeine, produced artificially, and also extracted from cacao and chocolate (from {Theobroma Cacao}) as a bitter white crystalline substance; -- called also {dimethyl xanthine}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Collidine \Col"li*dine\, n. [Gr. ko`lla glue.] (Chem.) One of a class of organic bases, {C8H11N}, usually pungent oily liquids, belonging to the pyridine series, and obtained from bone oil, coal tar, naphtha, and certain alkaloids. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Tropidine \Trop"i*dine\, n. [See {Tropine}.] (Chem.) An alkaloid, {C8H13N}, obtained by the chemical dehydration of tropine, as an oily liquid having a coninelike odor. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Arecoline \A*re"co*line\, n. Also -lin \-lin\ . [From NL. Areca, a genus of palms bearing betel nut.] An oily liquid substance, {C8H13O2N}, the chief alkaloid of the betel nut, to which the latter owes its anthelmintic action. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Tropine \Tro"pine\, n. [From {Atropine}.] (Chem.) A white crystalline alkaloid, {C8H15NO}, produced by decomposing atropine. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Conine \Co"nine\ (? [or] [?]), n. [From {Conium}.] (Chem.) A powerful and very poisonous vegetable alkaloid found in the hemlock ({Conium maculatum}) and extracted as a colorless oil, {C8H17N}, of strong repulsive odor and acrid taste. It is regarded as a derivative of piperidine and likewise of one of the collidines. It occasions a gradual paralysis of the motor nerves. Called also {coniine}, {coneine}, {conia}, etc. See {Conium}, 2. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Conhydrine \Con*hy"drine\ (? [or] [?]), n. [Conium + hydrate.] (Chem.) A vegetable alkaloid found with conine in the poison hemlock ({Conium maculatum}). It is a white crystalline substance, {C8H17NO}, easily convertible into conine. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Isatogen \I*sat"o*gen\, n. [Isatin + -gen.] (Chem.) A complex nitrogenous radical, {C8H4NO2}, regarded as the essential residue of a series of compounds, related to isatin, which easily pass by reduction to indigo blue. -- {I*sat`o*gen"ic}, a. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Indogen \In"do*gen\, n. [Indigo + -gen.] (Chem.) A complex, nitrogenous radical, {C8H5NO}, regarded as the essential nucleus of indigo. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Isatin \I"sa*tin\, n. [See {Isatis}.] (Chem.) An orange-red crystalline substance, {C8H5NO2}, obtained by the oxidation of indigo blue. It is also produced from certain derivatives of benzoic acid, and is one important source of artificial indigo. [Written also, less properly, {isatine}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cinnoline \Cin"no*line\, n. [Cinnamic + quinoline.] A nitrogenous organic base, {C8H6N2}, analogous to quinoline, obtained from certain complex diazo compounds. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Indol \In"dol\, n. [Indigo + -ol of phenol.] (Physiol. Chem.) A white, crystalline substance, {C8H7N}, obtained from blue indigo, and almost all indigo derivatives, by a process of reduction. It is also formed from albuminous matter, together with skatol, by putrefaction, and by fusion with caustic potash, and is present in human excrement, as well as in the intestinal canal of some herbivora. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Indoxyl \In*dox"yl\, n. [Indigo + hydroxyl.] (Chem.) A nitrogenous substance, {C8H7NO}, isomeric with oxindol, obtained as an oily liquid. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Oxindol \Ox*in"dol\, n. [Oxygen + indol.] (Chem.) A white crystalline nitrogenous substance ({C8H7NO}) of the indol group, obtained by the reduction of dioxindol. It is a so-called lactam compound. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
C91sium \C[91]"si*um\, n. [NL., from L. caesius bluish gray.] (Chem.) A rare alkaline metal found in mineral water; -- so called from the two characteristic blue lines in its spectrum. It was the first element discovered by spectrum analysis, and is the most strongly basic and electro-positive substance known. Symbol Cs. Atomic weight 132.6. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Adrenaline \Ad*re"nal*ine\, n. Also Adrenalin \Ad*re"nal*in\ (Physiol. Chem.) A crystalline substance, {C9H13O3N}, obtained from suprarenal extract, of which it is regarded as the active principle. It is used in medicine as a stimulant and hemostatic. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Carbostyril \Car`bo*sty"ril\, n. [Carbon + styrene.] A white crystalline substance, {C9H6N.OH}, of acid properties derived from one of the amido cinnamic acids. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Quinoline \Quin"o*line\, n. [Quinine + L. oleum oil + -ine.] (Chem.) A nitrogenous base, {C9H7N} obtained as a pungent colorless liquid by the distillation of alkaloids, bones, coal tar, etc. It the nucleus of many organic bodies, especially of certain alkaloids and related substances; hence, by extension, any one of the series of alkaloidal bases of which quinoline proper is the type. [Written also {chinoline}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Skatol \Ska"tol\, n. [Gr. [?][?][?], dung + -ol.] (Physiol. Chem.) A constituent of human f[91]ces formed in the small intestines as a product of the putrefaction of albuminous matter. It is also found in reduced indigo. Chemically it is methyl indol, {C9H9N}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Hydrocarbostyril \Hy`dro*car`bo*sty"ril\, n. [Hydro-, 2 + carbostyril.] (Chem.) A white, crystalline, nitrogenous hydrocarbon, {C9H9NO}, obtained from certain derivatives of cinnamic acid and closely related to quinoline and carbostyril. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cam \Cam\, a. [See {Kam}.] Crooked. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cam \Cam\ (k[acr]m), n. [Dan. kam comb, ridge; or cf. W., Gael., and Ir., cam bent. See 1st {Comb}.] 1. (Med.) (a) A turning or sliding piece which, by the shape of its periphery or face, or a groove in its surface, imparts variable or intermittent motion to, or receives such motion from, a rod, lever, or block brought into sliding or rolling contact with it. (b) A curved wedge, movable about an axis, used for forcing or clamping two pieces together. (c) A projecting part of a wheel or other moving piece so shaped as to give alternate or variable motion to another piece against which it acts. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Camaieu \Ca*ma"ieu\, n. [F.; of unknown origin. Cf. {Cameo}.] 1. A cameo. [Obs.] --Crabb. 2. (Fine Arts) Painting in shades of one color; monochrome. --Mollett. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Came \Came\, n. [Cf. Scot. came, caim, comb, and OE. camet silver.] A slender rod of cast lead, with or without grooves, used, in casements and stained-glass windows, to hold together the panes or pieces of glass. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Came \Came\, imp. of {Come}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Come \Come\, v. i. [imp. {Came}; p. p. {Come}; p. pr & vb. n. {Coming}.] [OE. cumen, comen, AS. cuman; akin to OS. kuman, D. komen, OHG. queman, G. kommen, Icel. koma, Sw. komma, Dan. komme, Goth. giman, L. venire (gvenire), Gr. [?] to go, Skr. gam. [fb]23. Cf. {Base}, n., {Convene}, {Adventure}.] 1. To move hitherward; to draw near; to approach the speaker, or some place or person indicated; -- opposed to go. Look, who comes yonder? --Shak. I did not come to curse thee. --Tennyson. 2. To complete a movement toward a place; to arrive. When we came to Rome. --Acts xxviii. 16. Lately come from Italy. --Acts xviii. 2. 3. To approach or arrive, as if by a journey or from a distance. [bd]Thy kingdom come.[b8] --Matt. vi. 10. The hour is coming, and now is. --John. v. 25. So quick bright things come to confusion. --Shak. 4. To approach or arrive, as the result of a cause, or of the act of another. From whence come wars? --James iv. 1. Both riches and honor come of thee ! --1 Chron. xxix. 12. 5. To arrive in sight; to be manifest; to appear. Then butter does refuse to come. --Hudibras. 6. To get to be, as the result of change or progress; -- with a predicate; as, to come untied. How come you thus estranged? --Shak. How come her eyes so bright? --Shak. Note: Am come, is come, etc., are frequently used instead of have come, has come, etc., esp. in poetry. The verb to be gives a clearer adjectival significance to the participle as expressing a state or condition of the subject, while the auxiliary have expresses simply the completion of the action signified by the verb. Think not that I am come to destroy. --Matt. v. 17. We are come off like Romans. --Shak. The melancholy days are come, the saddest of the year. --Bryant. Note: Come may properly be used (instead of go) in speaking of a movement hence, or away, when there is reference to an approach to the person addressed; as, I shall come home next week; he will come to your house to-day. It is used with other verbs almost as an auxiliary, indicative of approach to the action or state expressed by the verb; as, how came you to do it? Come is used colloquially, with reference to a definite future time approaching, without an auxiliary; as, it will be two years, come next Christmas; i. e., when Christmas shall come. They were cried In meeting, come next Sunday. --Lowell. Come, in the imperative, is used to excite attention, or to invite to motion or joint action; come, let us go. [bd]This is the heir; come, let us kill him.[b8] --Matt. xxi. 38. When repeated, it sometimes expresses haste, or impatience, and sometimes rebuke. [bd]Come, come, no time for lamentation now.[b8] --Milton. {To come}, yet to arrive, future. [bd]In times to come.[b8] --Dryden. [bd]There's pippins and cheese to come.[b8] --Shak. {To come about}. (a) To come to pass; to arrive; to happen; to result; as, how did these things come about? (b) To change; to come round; as, the ship comes about. [bd]The wind is come about.[b8] --Shak. On better thoughts, and my urged reasons, They are come about, and won to the true side. --B. Jonson. {To come abroad}. (a) To move or be away from one's home or country. [bd]Am come abroad to see the world.[b8] --Shak. (b) To become public or known. [Obs.] [bd]Neither was anything kept secret, but that it should come abroad.[b8] --Mark. iv. 22. {To come across}, to meet; to find, esp. by chance or suddenly. [bd]We come across more than one incidental mention of those wars.[b8] --E. A. Freeman. [bd]Wagner's was certainly one of the strongest and most independent natures I ever came across.[b8] --H. R. Haweis. {To come after}. (a) To follow. (b) To come to take or to obtain; as, to come after a book. {To come again}, to return. [bd]His spirit came again and he revived.[b8] --Judges. xv. 19. - {To come and go}. (a) To appear and disappear; to change; to alternate. [bd]The color of the king doth come and go.[b8] --Shak. (b) (Mech.) To play backward and forward. {To come at}. (a) To reach; to arrive within reach of; to gain; as, to come at a true knowledge of ourselves. (b) To come toward; to attack; as, he came at me with fury. {To come away}, to part or depart. {To come between}, to intervene; to separate; hence, to cause estrangement. {To come by}. (a) To obtain, gain, acquire. [bd]Examine how you came by all your state.[b8] --Dryden. (b) To pass near or by way of. {To come down}. (a) To descend. (b) To be humbled. {To come down upon}, to call to account, to reprimand. [Colloq.] --Dickens. {To come home}. (a) To return to one's house or family. (b) To come close; to press closely; to touch the feelings, interest, or reason. (c) (Naut.) To be loosened from the ground; -- said of an anchor. {To come in}. (a) To enter, as a town, house, etc. [bd]The thief cometh in.[b8] --Hos. vii. 1. (b) To arrive; as, when my ship comes in. (c) To assume official station or duties; as, when Lincoln came in. (d) To comply; to yield; to surrender. [bd]We need not fear his coming in[b8] --Massinger. (e) To be brought into use. [bd]Silken garments did not come in till late.[b8] --Arbuthnot. (f) To be added or inserted; to be or become a part of. (g) To accrue as gain from any business or investment. (h) To mature and yield a harvest; as, the crops come in well. (i) To have sexual intercourse; -- with to or unto. --Gen. xxxviii. 16. (j) To have young; to bring forth; as, the cow will come in next May. [U. S.] {To come in for}, to claim or receive. [bd]The rest came in for subsidies.[b8] --Swift. {To come into}, to join with; to take part in; to agree to; to comply with; as, to come into a party or scheme. {To come it over}, to hoodwink; to get the advantage of. [Colloq.] {To come} {near [or] nigh}, to approach in place or quality; to be equal to. [bd]Nothing ancient or modern seems to come near it.[b8] --Sir W. Temple. {To come of}. (a) To descend or spring from. [bd]Of Priam's royal race my mother came.[b8] --Dryden. (b) To result or follow from. [bd]This comes of judging by the eye.[b8] --L'Estrange. {To come off}. (a) To depart or pass off from. (b) To get free; to get away; to escape. (c) To be carried through; to pass off; as, it came off well. (d) To acquit one's self; to issue from (a contest, etc.); as, he came off with honor; hence, substantively, a come-off, an escape; an excuse; an evasion. [Colloq.] (e) To pay over; to give. [Obs.] (f) To take place; to happen; as, when does the race come off? (g) To be or become after some delay; as, the weather came off very fine. (h) To slip off or be taken off, as a garment; to separate. (i) To hurry away; to get through. --Chaucer. {To come off by}, to suffer. [Obs.] [bd]To come off by the worst.[b8] --Calamy. {To come off from}, to leave. [bd]To come off from these grave disquisitions.[b8] --Felton. {To come on}. (a) To advance; to make progress; to thrive. (b) To move forward; to approach; to supervene. {To come out}. (a) To pass out or depart, as from a country, room, company, etc. [bd]They shall come out with great substance.[b8] --Gen. xv. 14. (b) To become public; to appear; to be published. [bd]It is indeed come out at last.[b8] --Bp. Stillingfleet. (c) To end; to result; to turn out; as, how will this affair come out? he has come out well at last. (d) To be introduced into society; as, she came out two seasons ago. (e) To appear; to show itself; as, the sun came out. (f) To take sides; to take a stand; as, he came out against the tariff. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cameo \Cam"e*o\, n.; pl. {Cameos}. [It cammeo; akin to F. cam[82]e, cama[8b]eu, Sp. camafeo, LL. camaeus, camahutus; of unknown origin.] A carving in relief, esp. one on a small scale used as a jewel for personal adornment, or like. Note: Most cameos are carved in a material which has layers of different colors, such stones as the onyx and sardonyx, and various kinds of shells, being used. {Cameo conch} (Zo[94]l.), a large, marine, univalve shell, esp. {Cassis cameo}, {C. rua}, and allied species, used for cutting cameos. See {Quern conch}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Can \Can\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Canned}; p. pr. &vb. n. {Canning}.] To preserve by putting in sealed cans [U. S.] [bd]Canned meats[b8] --W. D. Howells. {Canned goods}, a general name for fruit, vegetables, meat, or fish, preserved in hermetically sealed cans. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Can \Can\, v. t. & i. Note: [The transitive use is obsolete.] [imp. {Could}.] [OE. cunnen, cannen (1st sing. pres. I can), to know, know how, be able, AS. cunnan, 1st sing. pres. ic cann or can, pl. cunnon, 1st sing. imp. c[d4][eb]e (for cun[eb]e); p. p. c[d4][eb] (for cun[eb]); akin to OS. Kunnan, D. Kunnen, OHG. chunnan, G. k[94]nnen, Icel. kunna, Goth. Kunnan, and E. ken to know. The present tense I can (AS. ic cann) was originally a preterit, meaning I have known or Learned, and hence I know, know how. [fb]45. See {Ken}, {Know}; cf. {Con}, {Cunning}, {Uncouth}.] 1. To know; to understand. [Obs.] I can rimes of Rodin Hood. --Piers Plowman. I can no Latin, quod she. --Piers Plowman. Let the priest in surplice white, That defunctive music can. --Shak. 2. To be able to do; to have power or influence. [Obs.] The will of Him who all things can. --Milton. For what, alas, can these my single arms? --Shak. M[91]c[91]nas and Agrippa, who can most with C[91]sar. --Beau. & Fl. 3. To be able; -- followed by an infinitive without to; as, I can go, but do not wish to. Syn: {Can but}, {Can not but}. It is an error to use the former of these phrases where the sens requires the latter. If we say, [bd]I can but perish if I go,[b8] [bd]But[b8] means only, and denotes that this is all or the worst that can happen. When the apostle Peter said. [bd]We can not but speak of the things which we have seen and heard.[b8] he referred to a moral constraint or necessety which rested upon him and his associates; and the meaning was, We cannot help speaking, We cannot refrain from speaking. This idea of a moral necessity or constraint is of frequent occurrence, and is also expressed in the phrase, [bd]I can not help it.[b8] Thus we say. [bd]I can not but hope,[b8] [bd]I can not but believe,[b8] [bd]I can not but think,[b8] [bd]I can not but remark,[b8] etc., in cases in which it would be an error to use the phrase can but. Yet he could not but acknowledge to himself that there was something calculated to impress awe, . . . in the sudden appearances and vanishings . . . of the masque --De Quincey. Tom felt that this was a rebuff for him, and could not but understand it as a left-handed hit at his employer. --Dickens. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Can \Can\, an obs. form of began, imp. & p. p. of {Begin}, sometimes used in old poetry. Note: [See {Gan}.] With gentle words he can faile gree. --Spenser. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Can \Can\, n. [OE. & AS. canne; akin to D. Kan, G. Kanne, OHG. channa, Sw. Kanna, Dan. kande.] 1. A drinking cup; a vessel for holding liquids. --[Shak. ] Fill the cup and fill can, Have a rouse before the morn. --Tennyson. 2. A vessel or case of tinned iron or of sheet metal, of various forms, but usually cylindrical; as, a can of tomatoes; an oil can; a milk can. Note: A can may be a cylinder open at the top, as for receiving the sliver from a carding machine, or with a removable cover or stopper, as for holding tea, spices, milk, oysters, etc., or with handle and spout, as for holding oil, or hermetically sealed, in canning meats, fruits, etc. The name is also sometimes given to the small glass or earthenware jar used in canning. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cane \Cane\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Caned}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Caning}.] 1. To beat with a cane. --Macaulay. 2. To make or furnish with cane or rattan; as, to cane chairs. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cane \Cane\, n. [OE. cane, canne, OF. cane, F. canne, L. canna, fr. Gr. [?], [?]; prob. of Semitic origin; cf. Heb. q[be]neh reed. Cf. {Canister}, {canon}, 1st {Cannon}.] 1. (Bot.) (a) A name given to several peculiar palms, species of {Calamus} and {D[91]manorops}, having very long, smooth flexible stems, commonly called rattans. (b) Any plant with long, hard, elastic stems, as reeds and bamboos of many kinds; also, the sugar cane. (c) Stems of other plants are sometimes called canes; as, the canes of a raspberry. Like light canes, that first rise big and brave. --B. Jonson. Note: In the Southern United States {great cane} is the {Arundinaria macrosperma}, and {small cane} is. {A. tecta}. 2. A walking stick; a staff; -- so called because originally made of one the species of cane. Stir the fire with your master's cane. --Swift. 3. A lance or dart made of cane. [R.] Judgelike thou sitt'st, to praise or to arraign The flying skirmish of the darted cane. --Dryden. 4. A local European measure of length. See {Canna}. {Cane borer} (Zo[94].), A beetle {(Oberea bimaculata)} which, in the larval state, bores into pith and destroy the canes or stalks of the raspberry, blackberry, etc. {Cane mill}, a mill for grinding sugar canes, for the manufacture of sugar. {Cane trash}, the crushed stalks and other refuse of sugar cane, used for fuel, etc. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Tous-les-mois \Tous`-les`-mois"\, n. [F., all the months, i.e., every month.] A kind of starch with very large, oval, flattened grains, often sold as arrowroot, and extensively used for adulterating cocoa. It is made from the rootstocks of a species of {Canna}, probably {C. edulis}, the tubers of which are edible every month in the year. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Canny \Can"ny\, Cannei \Can"nei\, a. [Cf. Icel. kenn skilled, learned, or E. canny. Cf. {Kenn}.] [North of Eng. & Scot.] 1. Artful; cunning; shrewd; wary. 2. Skillful; knowing; capable. --Sir W. Scott. 3. Cautious; prudent; safe.. --Ramsay. 4. Having pleasing or useful qualities; gentle. --Burns. 5. Reputed to have magical powers. --Sir W. Scott. {No canny}, not safe, not fortunate; unpropitious. [Scot.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Canny \Can"ny\, Cannei \Can"nei\, a. [Cf. Icel. kenn skilled, learned, or E. canny. Cf. {Kenn}.] [North of Eng. & Scot.] 1. Artful; cunning; shrewd; wary. 2. Skillful; knowing; capable. --Sir W. Scott. 3. Cautious; prudent; safe.. --Ramsay. 4. Having pleasing or useful qualities; gentle. --Burns. 5. Reputed to have magical powers. --Sir W. Scott. {No canny}, not safe, not fortunate; unpropitious. [Scot.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Canoe \Ca*noe"\, n.; pl. {Canoes}. [Sp. canoa, fr. Caribbean can[a0]oa.] 1. A boat used by rude nations, formed of trunk of a tree, excavated, by cutting of burning, into a suitable shape. It is propelled by a paddle or paddles, or sometimes by sail, and has no rudder. Others devised the boat of one tree, called the canoe. --Raleigh. 2. A boat made of bark or skins, used by savages. A birch canoe, with paddles, rising, falling, on the water. --Longfellow. 3. A light pleasure boat, especially designed for use by one who goes alone upon long excursions, including portage. It it propelled by a paddle, or by a small sail attached to a temporary mast. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Canoe \Ca*noe"\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Canoed}p. pr. & vb. n. {Canoeing}.] To manage a canoe, or voyage in a canoe. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cany \Can"y\, a. [From {Cane}.] Of or pertaining to cane or canes; abounding with canes. --Milton. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cayenne \Cay*enne\, n. [From Cayenne, a town and island in French Guiana, South America.] Cayenne pepper. {Cayenne pepper}. (a) (Bot.) A species of {Capsicum} ({C. frutescens}) with small and intensely pungent fruit. (b) A very pungent spice made by drying and grinding the fruits or seeds of several species of the genus {Capsicum}, esp. {C. annuum} and {C. Frutescens}; -- called also {red pepper}. It is used chiefly as a condiment. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Tetrazole \Tet*raz"ole\, n. [Tetrazo- + -ole.] (Org. Chem.) A crystalline acid substance, {CH2N4}, which may be regarded as pyrrol in which nitrogen atoms replace three {CH} groups; also, any of various derivatives of the same. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
; -- called also {methol}, {carbinol}, etc. {Methyl amine} (Chem.), a colorless, inflammable, alkaline gas, {CH3.NH2}, having an ammoniacal, fishy odor. It is produced artificially, and also occurs naturally in herring brine and other fishy products. It is regarded as ammonia in which a third of its hydrogen is replaced by methyl, and is a type of the class of substituted ammonias. {Methyl ether} (Chem.), a light, volatile ether {CH3.O.CH3}, obtained by the etherification of methyl alcohol; -- called also {methyl oxide}. {Methyl green}. (Chem.) See under {Green}, n. {Methyl orange}. (Chem.) See {Helianthin}. {Methyl violet} (Chem.), an artificial dye, consisting of certain methyl halogen derivatives of rosaniline. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Methylate \Meth"yl*ate\, n. [Methyl + alcoholate.] (Chem.) An alcoholate of methyl alcohol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a metal, after the analogy of a hydrate; as, sodium methylate, {CH3ONa}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
{Pattern box}, {chain}, [or] {cylinder} (Figure Weaving), devices, in a loom, for presenting several shuttles to the picker in the proper succession for forming the figure. {Pattern card}. (a) A set of samples on a card. (b) (Weaving) One of the perforated cards in a Jacquard apparatus. {Pattern reader}, one who arranges textile patterns. {Pattern wheel} (Horology), a count-wheel. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chain \Chain\, v. t. [imp. p. p. {Chained} (ch[be]nd); p. pr. & vb. n. {Chaining}.] 1. To fasten, bind, or connect with a chain; to fasten or bind securely, as with a chain; as, to chain a bulldog. Chained behind the hostile car. --Prior. 2. To keep in slavery; to enslave. And which more blest? who chained his country, say Or he whose virtue sighed to lose a day? --Pope. 3. To unite closely and strongly. And in this vow do chain my soul to thine. --Shak. 4. (Surveying) To measure with the chain. 5. To protect by drawing a chain across, as a harbor. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chain \Chain\, n. [F. cha[8c]ne, fr. L. catena. Cf. {Catenate}.] 1. A series of links or rings, usually of metal, connected, or fitted into one another, used for various purposes, as of support, of restraint, of ornament, of the exertion and transmission of mechanical power, etc. [They] put a chain of gold about his neck. --Dan. v. 29. 2. That which confines, fetters, or secures, as a chain; a bond; as, the chains of habit. Driven down To chains of darkness and the undying worm. --Milton. 3. A series of things linked together; or a series of things connected and following each other in succession; as, a chain of mountains; a chain of events or ideas. 4. (Surv.) An instrument which consists of links and is used in measuring land. Note: One commonly in use is Gunter's chain, which consists of one hundred links, each link being seven inches and ninety-two one hundredths in length; making up the total length of rods, or sixty-six, feet; hence, a measure of that length; hence, also, a unit for land measure equal to four rods square, or one tenth of an acre. 5. pl. (Naut.) Iron links bolted to the side of a vessel to bold the dead-eyes connected with the shrouds; also, the channels. 6. (Weaving) The warp threads of a web. --Knight. {Chain belt} (Mach.), a belt made of a chain; -- used for transmitting power. {Chain boat}, a boat fitted up for recovering lost cables, anchors, etc. {Chain bolt} (a) (Naut.) The bolt at the lower end of the chain plate, which fastens it to the vessel's side. (b) A bolt with a chain attached for drawing it out of position. {Chain bond}. See {Chain timber}. {Chain bridge}, a bridge supported by chain cables; a suspension bridge. {Chain cable}, a cable made of iron links. {Chain coral} (Zo[94]l.), a fossil coral of the genus {Halysites}, common in the middle and upper Silurian rocks. The tubular corallites are united side by side in groups, looking in an end view like links of a chain. When perfect, the calicles show twelve septa. {Chain coupling}. (a) A shackle for uniting lengths of chain, or connecting a chain with an object. (b) (Railroad) Supplementary coupling together of cars with a chain. {Chain gang}, a gang of convicts chained together. {Chain hook} (Naut.), a hook, used for dragging cables about the deck. {Chain mail}, flexible, defensive armor of hammered metal links wrought into the form of a garment. {Chain molding} (Arch.), a form of molding in imitation of a chain, used in the Normal style. {Chain pier}, a pier suspended by chain. {Chain pipe} (Naut.), an opening in the deck, lined with iron, through which the cable is passed into the lockers or tiers. {Chain plate} (Shipbuilding), one of the iron plates or bands, on a vessel's side, to which the standing rigging is fastened. {Chain pulley}, a pulley with depressions in the periphery of its wheel, or projections from it, made to fit the links of a chain. {Chain pumps}. See in the Vocabulary. {Chain rule} (Arith.), a theorem for solving numerical problems by composition of ratios, or compound proportion, by which, when several ratios of equality are given, the consequent of each being the same as the antecedent of the next, the relation between the first antecedent and the last consequent is discovered. {Chain shot} (Mil.), two cannon balls united by a shot chain, formerly used in naval warfare on account of their destructive effect on a ship's rigging. {Chain stitch}. See in the Vocabulary. {Chain timber}. (Arch.) See {Bond timber}, under {Bond}. {Chain wales}. (Naut.) Same as {Channels}. {Chain wheel}. See in the Vocabulary. {Closed chain}, {Open chain} (Chem.), terms applied to the chemical structure of compounds whose rational formul[91] are written respectively in the form of a closed ring (see {Benzene nucleus}, under {Benzene}), or in an open extended form. {Endless chain}, a chain whose ends have been united by a link. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
{Pattern box}, {chain}, [or] {cylinder} (Figure Weaving), devices, in a loom, for presenting several shuttles to the picker in the proper succession for forming the figure. {Pattern card}. (a) A set of samples on a card. (b) (Weaving) One of the perforated cards in a Jacquard apparatus. {Pattern reader}, one who arranges textile patterns. {Pattern wheel} (Horology), a count-wheel. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chain \Chain\, v. t. [imp. p. p. {Chained} (ch[be]nd); p. pr. & vb. n. {Chaining}.] 1. To fasten, bind, or connect with a chain; to fasten or bind securely, as with a chain; as, to chain a bulldog. Chained behind the hostile car. --Prior. 2. To keep in slavery; to enslave. And which more blest? who chained his country, say Or he whose virtue sighed to lose a day? --Pope. 3. To unite closely and strongly. And in this vow do chain my soul to thine. --Shak. 4. (Surveying) To measure with the chain. 5. To protect by drawing a chain across, as a harbor. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chain \Chain\, n. [F. cha[8c]ne, fr. L. catena. Cf. {Catenate}.] 1. A series of links or rings, usually of metal, connected, or fitted into one another, used for various purposes, as of support, of restraint, of ornament, of the exertion and transmission of mechanical power, etc. [They] put a chain of gold about his neck. --Dan. v. 29. 2. That which confines, fetters, or secures, as a chain; a bond; as, the chains of habit. Driven down To chains of darkness and the undying worm. --Milton. 3. A series of things linked together; or a series of things connected and following each other in succession; as, a chain of mountains; a chain of events or ideas. 4. (Surv.) An instrument which consists of links and is used in measuring land. Note: One commonly in use is Gunter's chain, which consists of one hundred links, each link being seven inches and ninety-two one hundredths in length; making up the total length of rods, or sixty-six, feet; hence, a measure of that length; hence, also, a unit for land measure equal to four rods square, or one tenth of an acre. 5. pl. (Naut.) Iron links bolted to the side of a vessel to bold the dead-eyes connected with the shrouds; also, the channels. 6. (Weaving) The warp threads of a web. --Knight. {Chain belt} (Mach.), a belt made of a chain; -- used for transmitting power. {Chain boat}, a boat fitted up for recovering lost cables, anchors, etc. {Chain bolt} (a) (Naut.) The bolt at the lower end of the chain plate, which fastens it to the vessel's side. (b) A bolt with a chain attached for drawing it out of position. {Chain bond}. See {Chain timber}. {Chain bridge}, a bridge supported by chain cables; a suspension bridge. {Chain cable}, a cable made of iron links. {Chain coral} (Zo[94]l.), a fossil coral of the genus {Halysites}, common in the middle and upper Silurian rocks. The tubular corallites are united side by side in groups, looking in an end view like links of a chain. When perfect, the calicles show twelve septa. {Chain coupling}. (a) A shackle for uniting lengths of chain, or connecting a chain with an object. (b) (Railroad) Supplementary coupling together of cars with a chain. {Chain gang}, a gang of convicts chained together. {Chain hook} (Naut.), a hook, used for dragging cables about the deck. {Chain mail}, flexible, defensive armor of hammered metal links wrought into the form of a garment. {Chain molding} (Arch.), a form of molding in imitation of a chain, used in the Normal style. {Chain pier}, a pier suspended by chain. {Chain pipe} (Naut.), an opening in the deck, lined with iron, through which the cable is passed into the lockers or tiers. {Chain plate} (Shipbuilding), one of the iron plates or bands, on a vessel's side, to which the standing rigging is fastened. {Chain pulley}, a pulley with depressions in the periphery of its wheel, or projections from it, made to fit the links of a chain. {Chain pumps}. See in the Vocabulary. {Chain rule} (Arith.), a theorem for solving numerical problems by composition of ratios, or compound proportion, by which, when several ratios of equality are given, the consequent of each being the same as the antecedent of the next, the relation between the first antecedent and the last consequent is discovered. {Chain shot} (Mil.), two cannon balls united by a shot chain, formerly used in naval warfare on account of their destructive effect on a ship's rigging. {Chain stitch}. See in the Vocabulary. {Chain timber}. (Arch.) See {Bond timber}, under {Bond}. {Chain wales}. (Naut.) Same as {Channels}. {Chain wheel}. See in the Vocabulary. {Closed chain}, {Open chain} (Chem.), terms applied to the chemical structure of compounds whose rational formul[91] are written respectively in the form of a closed ring (see {Benzene nucleus}, under {Benzene}), or in an open extended form. {Endless chain}, a chain whose ends have been united by a link. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cham \Cham\, v. t. [See {Chap}.] To chew. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] --Sir T. More. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cham \Cham\, n. [See {Khan}.] The sovereign prince of Tartary; -- now usually written {khan}. --Shak. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chamois \Cham"ois\, n. [F. chamois, prob. fr. OG. gamz, G. gemse.] 1. (Zo[94]l.) A small species of antelope ({Rupicapra tragus}), living on the loftiest mountain ridges of Europe, as the Alps, Pyrenees, etc. It possesses remarkable agility, and is a favorite object of chase. 2. A soft leather made from the skin of the chamois, or from sheepskin, etc.; -- called also {chamois leather}, and {chammy} or {shammy leather}. See {Shammy}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chaun \Chaun\, n. A gap. [Obs.] --Colgrave. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chaun \Chaun\, v. t. & i. To open; to yawn. [Obs.] O, chaun thy breast. --Marston. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
d8Chaja \[d8]Cha"ja\, n. [Native name.] (Zo[94]l.) The crested screamer of Brazil ({Palamedea, [or] Chauna, chavaria}), so called in imitation of its notes; -- called also {chauna}, and {faithful kamichi}. It is often domesticated and is useful in guarding other poultry. See {Kamichi}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cheyennes \Chey*ennes"\, n. pl.; sing. {cheyenne}. (Ethnol.) A warlike tribe of indians, related to the blackfeet, formerly inhabiting the region of Wyoming, but now mostly on reservations in the Indian Territory. They are noted for their horsemanship. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chian \Chi"an\a. [L. chius, fr. Chios the island Chios, Gr. [?].] Of or pertaining to Chios, an island in the [92]gean Sea. {Chian earth}, a dense, compact kind of earth, from Chios, used anciently as an astringent and a cosmetic. {Chian turpentine}, a fragrant, almost transparent turpentine, obtained from the {Pistacia Terebinthus}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chime \Chime\, v. i. 1. To cause to sound in harmony; to play a tune, as upon a set of bells; to move or strike in harmony. And chime their sounding hammers. --Dryden. 2. To utter harmoniously; to recite rhythmically. Chime his childish verse. --Byron. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chime \Chime\, n. [OE. chimbe, prop., cymbal, OF. cymbe, cymble, in a dialectic form, chymble, F. cymbale, L. cymbalum, fr. Gr. [?]. See {Cymbal}.] 1. The harmonious sound of bells, or of musical instruments. Instruments that made melodius chime. --Milton. 2. A set of bells musically tuned to each other; specif., in the pl., the music performed on such a set of bells by hand, or produced by mechanism to accompany the striking of the hours or their divisions. We have heard the chimes at midnight. --Shak. 3. Pleasing correspondence of proportion, relation, or sound. [bd]Chimes of verse.[b8] --Cowley. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chime \Chime\, n. [See {Chimb}.] See {Chine}, n., 3. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chime \Chime\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Chimed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Chiming}.] [See {Chime}, n.] 1. To sound in harmonious accord, as bells. 2. To be in harmony; to agree; to suit; to harmonize; to correspond; to fall in with. Everything chimed in with such a humor. --W. irving. 3. To join in a conversation; to express assent; -- followed by in or in with. [Colloq.] 4. To make a rude correspondence of sounds; to jingle, as in rhyming. --Cowley | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chimney \Chim"ney\, n.; pl. {Chimneys}. [F. chemin[82]e, LL. caminata, fr. L. caminus furnace, fireplace, Gr. [?] furnace, oven.] 1. A fireplace or hearth. [Obs.] --Sir W. Raleigh. 2. That part of a building which contains the smoke flues; esp. an upright tube or flue of brick or stone, in most cases extending through or above the roof of the building. Often used instead of chimney shaft. Hard by a cottage chimney smokes. --Milton. 3. A tube usually of glass, placed around a flame, as of a lamp, to create a draft, and promote combustion. 4. (Min.) A body of ore, usually of elongated form, extending downward in a vein. --Raymond. {Chimney board}, a board or screen used to close a fireplace; a fireboard. {Chimney cap}, a device to improve the draught of a chimney, by presenting an exit aperture always to leeward. {Chimney corner}, the space between the sides of the fireplace and the fire; hence, the fireside. {Chimney hook}, a hook for holding pats and kettles over a fire, {Chimney money}, hearth money, a duty formerly paid in England for each chimney. {Chimney pot} (Arch.), a cylinder of earthenware or sheet metal placed at the top of a chimney which rises above the roof. {Chimney swallow}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) An American swift ({Ch[91]ture pelasgica}) which lives in chimneys. (b) In England, the common swallow ({Hirundo rustica}). {Chimney sweep}, {Chimney sweeper}, one who cleans chimneys of soot; esp. a boy who climbs the flue, and brushes off the soot. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chin \Chin\, n. [AS. cin, akin to OS. kin, G kinn, Icel. kinn, cheek, Dan. & Sw. kind, L. {gena}, Gr. [?]; cf. Skr. hanu. [fb]232.] 1. The lower extremity of the face below the mouth; the point of the under jaw. 2. (Zo[94]l.) The exterior or under surface embraced between the branches of the lower jaw bone, in birds. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Pink \Pink\, n. [Perh. akin to pick; as if the edges of the petals were picked out. Cf. {Pink}, v. t.] 1. (Bot.) A name given to several plants of the caryophyllaceous genus {Dianthus}, and to their flowers, which are sometimes very fragrant and often double in cultivated varieties. The species are mostly perennial herbs, with opposite linear leaves, and handsome five-petaled flowers with a tubular calyx. 2. A color resulting from the combination of a pure vivid red with more or less white; -- so called from the common color of the flower. --Dryden. 3. Anything supremely excellent; the embodiment or perfection of something. [bd]The very pink of courtesy.[b8] --Shak. 4. (Zo[94]l.) The European minnow; -- so called from the color of its abdomen in summer. [Prov. Eng.] {Bunch pink} is {Dianthus barbatus}. {China}, [or] {Indian}, {pink}. See under {China}. {Clove pink} is {Dianthus Caryophyllus}, the stock from which carnations are derived. {Garden pink}. See {Pheasant's eye}. {Meadow pink} is applied to {Dianthus deltoides}; also, to the ragged robin. {Maiden pink}, {Dianthus deltoides}. {Moss pink}. See under {Moss}. {Pink needle}, the pin grass; -- so called from the long, tapering points of the carpels. See {Alfilaria}. {Sea pink}. See {Thrift}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Porcelain \Por"ce*lain\ (277), n. [F. porcelaine, It. porcellana, orig., the porcelain shell, or Venus shell (Cypr[91]a porcellana), from a dim. fr. L. porcus pig, probably from the resemblance of the shell in shape to a pig's back. Porcelain was called after this shell, either on account of its smoothness and whiteness, or because it was believed to be made from it. See {Pork}.] A fine translucent or semitransculent kind of earthenware, made first in China and Japan, but now also in Europe and America; -- called also {China}, or {China ware}. Porcelain, by being pure, is apt to break. --Dryden. {Ivory porcelain}, porcelain with a surface like ivory, produced by depolishing. See {Depolishing}. {Porcelain clay}. See under {Clay}. {Porcelain crab} (Zo[94]l.), any crab of the genus {Porcellana} and allied genera (family {Porcellanid[91]}). They have a smooth, polished carapace. {Porcelain jasper}. (Min.) See {Porcelanite}. {Porcelain printing}, the transferring of an impression of an engraving to porcelain. {Porcelain shell} (Zo[94]l.), a cowry. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
China \Chi"na\, n. 1. A country in Eastern Asia. 2. China ware, which is the modern popular term for porcelain. See {Porcelain}. {China aster} (Bot.), a well-known garden flower and plant. See {Aster}. {China bean}. See under {Bean}, 1. {China clay} See {Kaolin}. {China grass}, Same as {Ramie}. {China ink}. See {India ink}. {China pink} (Bot.), an anual or biennial species of {Dianthus} ({D. Chiensis}) having variously colored single or double flowers; Indian pink. {China root} (Med.), the rootstock of a species of {Smilax} ({S. China}, from the East Indies; -- formerly much esteemed for the purposes that sarsaparilla is now used for. Also the galanga root (from {Alpinia Gallanga} and {Alpinia officinarum}). {China rose}. (Bot.) (a) A popular name for several free-blooming varieties of rose derived from the {Rosa Indica}, and perhaps other species. (b) A flowering hothouse plant ({Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis}) of the Mallow family, common in the gardens of China and the east Indies. {China shop}, a shop or store for the sale of China ware or of crockery. {China ware}, porcelain; -- so called in the 17th century because brought from the far East, and differing from the pottery made in Europe at that time; also, loosely, crockery in general. {Pride of China}, {China tree}. (Bot.) See {Azedarach}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chine \Chine\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Chined}.] 1. To cut through the backbone of; to cut into chine pieces. 2. Too chamfer the ends of a stave and form the chine.. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chine \Chine\, n. [Cf. {Chink}.] A chink or cleft; a narrow and deep ravine; as, Shanklin Chine in the Isle of Wight, a quarter of a mile long and 230 feet deep. [Prov. Eng.] [bd]The cottage in a chine.[b8] --J. Ingelow. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chine \Chine\, n.[OF. eschine, F. [82]chine, fr. OHG. skina needle, prickle, shin, G. schiene splint, schienbein shin. For the meaning cf. L. spina thorn, prickle, or spine, the backbone. Cf. {Shin}.] 1. The backbone or spine of an animal; the back. [bd]And chine with rising bristles roughly spread.[b8] --Dryden. 2. A piece of the backbone of an animal, with the adjoining parts, cut for cooking. Note: [See Illust. of {Beef}.] 3. The edge or rim of a cask, etc., formed by the projecting ends of the staves; the chamfered end of a stave. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Nitroform \Ni"tro*form\, n. [Nitro- + formyl.] (Chem.) A nitro derivative of methane, analogous to chloroform, obtained as a colorless oily or crystalline substance, {CH.(NO2)3}, quite explosive, and having well-defined acid properties. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chouan \Chou"an\, n. [F.] One of the royalist insurgents in western France (Brittany, etc.), during and after the French revolution. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chum \Chum\, n. {New chum}, a recent immigrant. [Australia] Chupatty \Chu*pat"ty\, n.; pl. {-ties}. [Hind. chap[be]t[c6].] A kind of griddlecake of unleavened bread, used among the natives of India. [Anglo-Indian] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chum \Chum\, n. Chopped pieces of fish used as bait. [U. S.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chum \Chum\, n. [Perh. a contraction fr. comrade or chamber fellow: cf. also AS. cuma a comer, guest.] A roommate, especially in a college or university; an old and intimate friend. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chum \Chum\, v. i. [imp. p. p. {Chummed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Chumming}.] To occupy a chamber with another; as, to chum together at college. [U. S.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chyme \Chyme\, n. [L. chymus chyle, Gr. [?] juice, like [?], fr. [?] to pour: cf. F. chyme. See {Chyle}.] (Physiol.) The pulpy mass of semi-digested food in the small intestines just after its passage from the stomach. It is separated in the intestines into chyle and excrement. See {Chyle}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cima \Ci"ma\, n. (Arch.) A kind of molding. See {Cyma}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cimbia \Cim"bi*a\, n. (Arch.) A fillet or band placed around the shaft of a column as if to strengthen it. [Written also {cimia}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cimia \Cim"i*a\, n. (Arch.) See {Cimbia}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cimbia \Cim"bi*a\, n. (Arch.) A fillet or band placed around the shaft of a column as if to strengthen it. [Written also {cimia}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cimia \Cim"i*a\, n. (Arch.) See {Cimbia}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cion \Ci"on\, n. [OF. cion. See {Scion}.] See {Scion}. The cion overruleth the stock; and the stock is but passive, and giveth aliment, but no motion, to the graft. --Bacon. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cyanogen \Cy*an"o*gen\ (s?-?n"?-j?n), n. [Gr. ky`anos a dark blue substance + -gen: cf. F. cyanog[8a]ne. So called because it produced blue dyes.] (Chem.) A colorless, inflammable, poisonous gas, {C2N2}, with a peach-blossom odor, so called from its tendency to form blue compounds; obtained by heating ammonium oxalate, mercuric cyanide, etc. It is obtained in combination, forming an alkaline cyanide when nitrogen or a nitrogenous compound is strongly ignited with carbon and soda or potash. It conducts itself like a member of the halogen group of elements, and shows a tendency to form complex compounds. The name is also applied to the univalent radical, {CN} (the half molecule of cyanogen proper), which was one of the first compound radicals recognized. Note: Cyanogen is found in the commercial substances, potassium cyanide, or prussiate of potash, yellow prussiate of potash, Prussian blue, Turnbull's blue, prussic acid, etc. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Guanidine \Gua"ni*dine\, n. (Physiol. Chem.) A strongly alkaline base, {CN3H5}, formed by the oxidation of guanin, and also obtained combined with methyl in the decomposition of creatin. Boiled with dilute sulphuric acid, it yields urea and ammonia. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Polymeric \Pol`y*mer"ic\, a. [Poly- + Gr. [?] part.] (Chem.) Having the same percentage composition (that is, having the same elements united in the same proportion by weight), but different molecular weights; -- often used with with; thus, cyanic acid ({CNOH}), fulminic acid ({C2N2O2H2}), and cyanuric acid ({C3N3O3H3}), are polymeric with each other. Note: The figures expressing the number of atoms of each element in a number of polymeric substances are respectively multiples and factors of each other, or have some simple common divisor. The relation may be merely a numerical one, as in the example given above, or a chemical one, as in the case of aldehyde, paraldehyde, and metaldehyde. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cohune \Co*hune"\, n., or Cohune palm \Cohune palm\ . [Prob. fr. a native name in Honduras.] A Central and South American pinnate-leaved palm ({Attalea cohune}), the very large and hard nuts of which are turned to make fancy articles, and also yield an oil used as a substitute for coconut oil. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Coin \Coin\ (koin), n. [F. coin, formerly also coing, wedge, stamp, corner, fr. L. cuneus wedge; prob. akin to E. cone, hone. See {Hone}, n., and cf. {Coigne}, {Quoin}, {Cuneiform}.] 1. A quoin; a corner or external angle; a wedge. See {Coigne}, and {Quoin}. 2. A piece of metal on which certain characters are stamped by government authority, making it legally current as money; -- much used in a collective sense. It is alleged that it [a subsidy] exceeded all the current coin of the realm. --Hallam. 3. That which serves for payment or recompense. The loss of present advantage to flesh and blood is repaid in a nobler coin. --Hammond. {Coin balance}. See Illust. of {Balance}. {To pay one in his own coin}, to return to one the same kind of injury or ill treatment as has been received from him. [Colloq.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Coin \Coin\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Coined} (koind); p. pr. & vb. n. {Coining}.] 1. To make of a definite fineness, and convert into coins, as a mass of metal; to mint; to manufacture; as, to coin silver dollars; to coin a medal. 2. To make or fabricate; to invent; to originate; as, to coin a word. Some tale, some new pretense, he daily coined, To soothe his sister and delude her mind. --Dryden. 3. To acquire rapidly, as money; to make. Tenants cannot coin rent just at quarter day. --Locke. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Coin \Coin\, v. i. To manufacture counterfeit money. They cannot touch me for coining. --Shak. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Com- \Com-\ A prefix from the Latin preposition cum, signifying with, together, in conjunction, very, etc. It is used in the form com- before b, m, p, and sometimes f, and by assimilation becomes col- before l, cor- before r, and con- before any consonant except b, h, l, m, p, r, and w. Before a vowel com- becomes co-; also before h, w, and sometimes before other consonants. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Envelope \En"vel*ope\ (?; 277), Envelop \En*vel"op\ (?; 277), n. [F. enveloppe.] 1. That which envelops, wraps up, encases, or surrounds; a wrapper; an inclosing cover; esp., the cover or wrapper of a document, as of a letter. 2. (Astron.) The nebulous covering of the head or nucleus of a comet; -- called also {coma}. 3. (Fort.) A work of earth, in the form of a single parapet or of a small rampart. It is sometimes raised in the ditch and sometimes beyond it. --Wilhelm. 4. (Geom.) A curve or surface which is tangent to each member of a system of curves or surfaces, the form and position of the members of the system being allowed to vary according to some continuous law. Thus, any curve is the envelope of its tangents. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Come \Come\, v. i. [imp. {Came}; p. p. {Come}; p. pr & vb. n. {Coming}.] [OE. cumen, comen, AS. cuman; akin to OS. kuman, D. komen, OHG. queman, G. kommen, Icel. koma, Sw. komma, Dan. komme, Goth. giman, L. venire (gvenire), Gr. [?] to go, Skr. gam. [fb]23. Cf. {Base}, n., {Convene}, {Adventure}.] 1. To move hitherward; to draw near; to approach the speaker, or some place or person indicated; -- opposed to go. Look, who comes yonder? --Shak. I did not come to curse thee. --Tennyson. 2. To complete a movement toward a place; to arrive. When we came to Rome. --Acts xxviii. 16. Lately come from Italy. --Acts xviii. 2. 3. To approach or arrive, as if by a journey or from a distance. [bd]Thy kingdom come.[b8] --Matt. vi. 10. The hour is coming, and now is. --John. v. 25. So quick bright things come to confusion. --Shak. 4. To approach or arrive, as the result of a cause, or of the act of another. From whence come wars? --James iv. 1. Both riches and honor come of thee ! --1 Chron. xxix. 12. 5. To arrive in sight; to be manifest; to appear. Then butter does refuse to come. --Hudibras. 6. To get to be, as the result of change or progress; -- with a predicate; as, to come untied. How come you thus estranged? --Shak. How come her eyes so bright? --Shak. Note: Am come, is come, etc., are frequently used instead of have come, has come, etc., esp. in poetry. The verb to be gives a clearer adjectival significance to the participle as expressing a state or condition of the subject, while the auxiliary have expresses simply the completion of the action signified by the verb. Think not that I am come to destroy. --Matt. v. 17. We are come off like Romans. --Shak. The melancholy days are come, the saddest of the year. --Bryant. Note: Come may properly be used (instead of go) in speaking of a movement hence, or away, when there is reference to an approach to the person addressed; as, I shall come home next week; he will come to your house to-day. It is used with other verbs almost as an auxiliary, indicative of approach to the action or state expressed by the verb; as, how came you to do it? Come is used colloquially, with reference to a definite future time approaching, without an auxiliary; as, it will be two years, come next Christmas; i. e., when Christmas shall come. They were cried In meeting, come next Sunday. --Lowell. Come, in the imperative, is used to excite attention, or to invite to motion or joint action; come, let us go. [bd]This is the heir; come, let us kill him.[b8] --Matt. xxi. 38. When repeated, it sometimes expresses haste, or impatience, and sometimes rebuke. [bd]Come, come, no time for lamentation now.[b8] --Milton. {To come}, yet to arrive, future. [bd]In times to come.[b8] --Dryden. [bd]There's pippins and cheese to come.[b8] --Shak. {To come about}. (a) To come to pass; to arrive; to happen; to result; as, how did these things come about? (b) To change; to come round; as, the ship comes about. [bd]The wind is come about.[b8] --Shak. On better thoughts, and my urged reasons, They are come about, and won to the true side. --B. Jonson. {To come abroad}. (a) To move or be away from one's home or country. [bd]Am come abroad to see the world.[b8] --Shak. (b) To become public or known. [Obs.] [bd]Neither was anything kept secret, but that it should come abroad.[b8] --Mark. iv. 22. {To come across}, to meet; to find, esp. by chance or suddenly. [bd]We come across more than one incidental mention of those wars.[b8] --E. A. Freeman. [bd]Wagner's was certainly one of the strongest and most independent natures I ever came across.[b8] --H. R. Haweis. {To come after}. (a) To follow. (b) To come to take or to obtain; as, to come after a book. {To come again}, to return. [bd]His spirit came again and he revived.[b8] --Judges. xv. 19. - {To come and go}. (a) To appear and disappear; to change; to alternate. [bd]The color of the king doth come and go.[b8] --Shak. (b) (Mech.) To play backward and forward. {To come at}. (a) To reach; to arrive within reach of; to gain; as, to come at a true knowledge of ourselves. (b) To come toward; to attack; as, he came at me with fury. {To come away}, to part or depart. {To come between}, to intervene; to separate; hence, to cause estrangement. {To come by}. (a) To obtain, gain, acquire. [bd]Examine how you came by all your state.[b8] --Dryden. (b) To pass near or by way of. {To come down}. (a) To descend. (b) To be humbled. {To come down upon}, to call to account, to reprimand. [Colloq.] --Dickens. {To come home}. (a) To return to one's house or family. (b) To come close; to press closely; to touch the feelings, interest, or reason. (c) (Naut.) To be loosened from the ground; -- said of an anchor. {To come in}. (a) To enter, as a town, house, etc. [bd]The thief cometh in.[b8] --Hos. vii. 1. (b) To arrive; as, when my ship comes in. (c) To assume official station or duties; as, when Lincoln came in. (d) To comply; to yield; to surrender. [bd]We need not fear his coming in[b8] --Massinger. (e) To be brought into use. [bd]Silken garments did not come in till late.[b8] --Arbuthnot. (f) To be added or inserted; to be or become a part of. (g) To accrue as gain from any business or investment. (h) To mature and yield a harvest; as, the crops come in well. (i) To have sexual intercourse; -- with to or unto. --Gen. xxxviii. 16. (j) To have young; to bring forth; as, the cow will come in next May. [U. S.] {To come in for}, to claim or receive. [bd]The rest came in for subsidies.[b8] --Swift. {To come into}, to join with; to take part in; to agree to; to comply with; as, to come into a party or scheme. {To come it over}, to hoodwink; to get the advantage of. [Colloq.] {To come} {near [or] nigh}, to approach in place or quality; to be equal to. [bd]Nothing ancient or modern seems to come near it.[b8] --Sir W. Temple. {To come of}. (a) To descend or spring from. [bd]Of Priam's royal race my mother came.[b8] --Dryden. (b) To result or follow from. [bd]This comes of judging by the eye.[b8] --L'Estrange. {To come off}. (a) To depart or pass off from. (b) To get free; to get away; to escape. (c) To be carried through; to pass off; as, it came off well. (d) To acquit one's self; to issue from (a contest, etc.); as, he came off with honor; hence, substantively, a come-off, an escape; an excuse; an evasion. [Colloq.] (e) To pay over; to give. [Obs.] (f) To take place; to happen; as, when does the race come off? (g) To be or become after some delay; as, the weather came off very fine. (h) To slip off or be taken off, as a garment; to separate. (i) To hurry away; to get through. --Chaucer. {To come off by}, to suffer. [Obs.] [bd]To come off by the worst.[b8] --Calamy. {To come off from}, to leave. [bd]To come off from these grave disquisitions.[b8] --Felton. {To come on}. (a) To advance; to make progress; to thrive. (b) To move forward; to approach; to supervene. {To come out}. (a) To pass out or depart, as from a country, room, company, etc. [bd]They shall come out with great substance.[b8] --Gen. xv. 14. (b) To become public; to appear; to be published. [bd]It is indeed come out at last.[b8] --Bp. Stillingfleet. (c) To end; to result; to turn out; as, how will this affair come out? he has come out well at last. (d) To be introduced into society; as, she came out two seasons ago. (e) To appear; to show itself; as, the sun came out. (f) To take sides; to take a stand; as, he came out against the tariff. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Come \Come\, v. t. To carry through; to succeed in; as, you can't come any tricks here. [Slang] {To come it}, to succeed in a trick of any sort. [Slang] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Come \Come\, n. Coming. [Obs.] --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Comma \Com"ma\, n. [L. comma part of a sentence, comma, Gr. [?] clause, fr. [?] to cut off. Cf. {Capon}.] 1. A character or point [,] marking the smallest divisions of a sentence, written or printed. 2. (Mus.) A small interval (the difference between a major and minor half step), seldom used except by tuners. {Comma bacillus} (Physiol.), a variety of bacillus shaped like a comma, found in the intestines of patients suffering from cholera. It is considered by some as having a special relation to the disease; -- called also {cholera bacillus}. {Comma butterfly} (Zo[94]l.), an American butterfly ({Grapta comma}), having a white comma-shaped marking on the under side of the wings. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Con- \Con-\ A prefix, fr. L. cum, signifying with, together, etc. See {Com-}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Con \Con\, adv. [Abbrev. from L. contra against.] Against the affirmative side; in opposition; on the negative side; -- The antithesis of pro, and usually in connection with it. See {Pro}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Con \Con\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Conned}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Conning}.] [AS. cunnan to know, be able, and (derived from this) cunnian to try, test. See {Can}, v. t. & i.] 1. To know; to understand; to acknowledge. [Obs.] Of muses, Hobbinol, I con no skill. --Spenser. They say they con to heaven the highway. --Spenser. 2. To study in order to know; to peruse; to learn; to commit to memory; to regard studiously. Fixedly did look Upon the muddy waters which he conned As if he had been reading in a book. --Wordsworth. I did not come into Parliament to con my lesson. --Burke. {To con answer}, to be able to answer. [Obs.] {To con thanks}, to thank; to acknowledge obligation. [Obs.] --Shak. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Con \Con\, v. t. [See {Cond}.] (Naut.) To conduct, or superintend the steering of (a vessel); to watch the course of (a vessel) and direct the helmsman how to steer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Con- \Con-\ A prefix, fr. L. cum, signifying with, together, etc. See {Com-}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Con \Con\, adv. [Abbrev. from L. contra against.] Against the affirmative side; in opposition; on the negative side; -- The antithesis of pro, and usually in connection with it. See {Pro}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Con \Con\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Conned}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Conning}.] [AS. cunnan to know, be able, and (derived from this) cunnian to try, test. See {Can}, v. t. & i.] 1. To know; to understand; to acknowledge. [Obs.] Of muses, Hobbinol, I con no skill. --Spenser. They say they con to heaven the highway. --Spenser. 2. To study in order to know; to peruse; to learn; to commit to memory; to regard studiously. Fixedly did look Upon the muddy waters which he conned As if he had been reading in a book. --Wordsworth. I did not come into Parliament to con my lesson. --Burke. {To con answer}, to be able to answer. [Obs.] {To con thanks}, to thank; to acknowledge obligation. [Obs.] --Shak. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Con \Con\, v. t. [See {Cond}.] (Naut.) To conduct, or superintend the steering of (a vessel); to watch the course of (a vessel) and direct the helmsman how to steer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cone \Cone\, v. t. To render cone-shaped; to bevel like the circular segment of a cone; as, to cone the tires of car wheels. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Coney \Co"ney\ (? [or] ?), n. 1. (Zo[94]l.) A rabbit. See {Cony}. 2. (Zo[94]l.) A fish. See {Cony}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cony \Co"ny\ (? [or] ?; 277), n. [OE. coning, conig, coni, OF. connin, conin, connil, fr. L. cuniculus a rabbit, cony, prob. an Hispanic word.] [Written also {coney}.] 1. (Zo[94]l.) (a) A rabbit, esp., the European rabbit ({Lepus cuniculus}). (b) The chief hare. Note: The cony of Scripture is thought to be {Hyrax Syriacus}, called also {daman}, and {cherogril}. See {Daman}. 2. A simpleton. [Obs.] It is a most simple animal; whence are derived our usual phrases of cony and cony catcher. --Diet's Dry Dinner (1599). 3. (Zo[94]l.) (a) An important edible West Indian fish ({Epinephelus apua}); the hind of Bermuda. (b) A local name of the burbot. [Eng.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Hind \Hind\, n. [AS. hind; akin to D. hinde, OHG. hinta, G. hinde, hindin, Icel., Sw., & Dan. hind, and perh. to Goth. hinpan to seize (in comp.), E. hunt, or cf. Gr. [?] a young deer.] 1. (Zo[94]l.) The female of the red deer, of which the male is the stag. 2. (Zo[94]l.) A spotted food fish of the genus {Epinephelus}, as {E. apua} of Bermuda, and {E. Drummond-hayi} of Florida; -- called also {coney}, {John Paw}, {spotted hind}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Coney \Co"ney\ (? [or] ?), n. 1. (Zo[94]l.) A rabbit. See {Cony}. 2. (Zo[94]l.) A fish. See {Cony}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cony \Co"ny\ (? [or] ?; 277), n. [OE. coning, conig, coni, OF. connin, conin, connil, fr. L. cuniculus a rabbit, cony, prob. an Hispanic word.] [Written also {coney}.] 1. (Zo[94]l.) (a) A rabbit, esp., the European rabbit ({Lepus cuniculus}). (b) The chief hare. Note: The cony of Scripture is thought to be {Hyrax Syriacus}, called also {daman}, and {cherogril}. See {Daman}. 2. A simpleton. [Obs.] It is a most simple animal; whence are derived our usual phrases of cony and cony catcher. --Diet's Dry Dinner (1599). 3. (Zo[94]l.) (a) An important edible West Indian fish ({Epinephelus apua}); the hind of Bermuda. (b) A local name of the burbot. [Eng.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Hind \Hind\, n. [AS. hind; akin to D. hinde, OHG. hinta, G. hinde, hindin, Icel., Sw., & Dan. hind, and perh. to Goth. hinpan to seize (in comp.), E. hunt, or cf. Gr. [?] a young deer.] 1. (Zo[94]l.) The female of the red deer, of which the male is the stag. 2. (Zo[94]l.) A spotted food fish of the genus {Epinephelus}, as {E. apua} of Bermuda, and {E. Drummond-hayi} of Florida; -- called also {coney}, {John Paw}, {spotted hind}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Urea \U"re*a\, a. [NL. See {Urine}.] (Physiol. Chem.) A very soluble crystalline body which is the chief constituent of the urine in mammals and some other animals. It is also present in small quantity in blood, serous fluids, lymph, the liver, etc. Note: It is the main product of the regressive metamorphosis (katabolism) of proteid matter in the body, and is excreted daily to the amount of about 500 grains by a man of average weight. Chemically it is carbamide, {CO(NH2)2}, and when heated with strong acids or alkalies is decomposed into carbonic acid and ammonia. It unites with acids to form salts, as nitrate of urea, and it can be made synthetically from ammonium cyanate, with which it is isomeric. {Urea ferment}, a soluble ferment formed by certain bacteria, which, however, yield the ferment from the body of their cells only after they have been killed by alcohol. It causes urea to take up water and decompose into carbonic acid and ammonia. Many different bacteria possess this property, especially {Bacterium ure[91]} and {Micrococcus ure[91]}, which are found abundantly in urines undergoing alkaline fermentation. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cyanate \Cy"a*nate\ (s?"?-n?t), n. [Cf. F. cuanate. See {Cyanic}.] (Chem.) A salt of cyanic acid. {Ammonium cyanate} (Chem.), a remarkable white crystalline substance, {NH4.O.CN}, which passes, on standing, to the organic compound, urea, {CO.(NH2)2}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Conine \Co"nine\ (? [or] [?]), n. [From {Conium}.] (Chem.) A powerful and very poisonous vegetable alkaloid found in the hemlock ({Conium maculatum}) and extracted as a colorless oil, {C8H17N}, of strong repulsive odor and acrid taste. It is regarded as a derivative of piperidine and likewise of one of the collidines. It occasions a gradual paralysis of the motor nerves. Called also {coniine}, {coneine}, {conia}, etc. See {Conium}, 2. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Conn \Conn\ (k[ocr]n), v. t. See {Con}, to direct a ship. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Conny \Con"ny\, a. [[?] 45. Cf. {Canny}, {Gunning}.] Brave; fine; canny. [Prov. Eng.] --Grose. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chief hare \Chief" hare`\ (Zo[94]l.) A small rodent ({Lagamys princeps}) inhabiting the summits of the Rocky Mountains; -- also called {crying hare}, {calling hare}, {cony}, {American pika}, and {little chief hare}. Note: It is not a true hare or rabbit, but belongs to the curious family {Lagomyid[91]}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cony \Co"ny\ (? [or] ?; 277), n. [OE. coning, conig, coni, OF. connin, conin, connil, fr. L. cuniculus a rabbit, cony, prob. an Hispanic word.] [Written also {coney}.] 1. (Zo[94]l.) (a) A rabbit, esp., the European rabbit ({Lepus cuniculus}). (b) The chief hare. Note: The cony of Scripture is thought to be {Hyrax Syriacus}, called also {daman}, and {cherogril}. See {Daman}. 2. A simpleton. [Obs.] It is a most simple animal; whence are derived our usual phrases of cony and cony catcher. --Diet's Dry Dinner (1599). 3. (Zo[94]l.) (a) An important edible West Indian fish ({Epinephelus apua}); the hind of Bermuda. (b) A local name of the burbot. [Eng.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Chief hare \Chief" hare`\ (Zo[94]l.) A small rodent ({Lagamys princeps}) inhabiting the summits of the Rocky Mountains; -- also called {crying hare}, {calling hare}, {cony}, {American pika}, and {little chief hare}. Note: It is not a true hare or rabbit, but belongs to the curious family {Lagomyid[91]}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cony \Co"ny\ (? [or] ?; 277), n. [OE. coning, conig, coni, OF. connin, conin, connil, fr. L. cuniculus a rabbit, cony, prob. an Hispanic word.] [Written also {coney}.] 1. (Zo[94]l.) (a) A rabbit, esp., the European rabbit ({Lepus cuniculus}). (b) The chief hare. Note: The cony of Scripture is thought to be {Hyrax Syriacus}, called also {daman}, and {cherogril}. See {Daman}. 2. A simpleton. [Obs.] It is a most simple animal; whence are derived our usual phrases of cony and cony catcher. --Diet's Dry Dinner (1599). 3. (Zo[94]l.) (a) An important edible West Indian fish ({Epinephelus apua}); the hind of Bermuda. (b) A local name of the burbot. [Eng.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Coom \Coom\, n. [Cf. G. kahm mold gathered on liquids, D. kam, Sw. kimr[94]k pine soot, smoke black, Icel. k[be]m grime, film of dirt.] Soot; coal dust; refuse matter, as the dirty grease which comes from axle boxes, or the refuse at the mouth of an oven. --Phillips. Bailey. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Raccoon \Rac*coon"\, n. [F. raton, prop., a little rat, fr. rat rat, perhaps of German origin. See {Rat}.] (Zo[94]l.) A North American nocturnal carnivore ({Procyon lotor}) allied to the bears, but much smaller, and having a long, full tail, banded with black and gray. Its body is gray, varied with black and white. Called also {coon}, and {mapach}. {Raccoon dog} (Zo[94]l.), the tanate. {Raccoon fox} (Zo[94]l.), the cacomixle. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Coon \Coon\, n. (Zo[94]l.) A raccoon. See {Raccoon}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Raccoon \Rac*coon"\, n. [F. raton, prop., a little rat, fr. rat rat, perhaps of German origin. See {Rat}.] (Zo[94]l.) A North American nocturnal carnivore ({Procyon lotor}) allied to the bears, but much smaller, and having a long, full tail, banded with black and gray. Its body is gray, varied with black and white. Called also {coon}, and {mapach}. {Raccoon dog} (Zo[94]l.), the tanate. {Raccoon fox} (Zo[94]l.), the cacomixle. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Coon \Coon\, n. (Zo[94]l.) A raccoon. See {Raccoon}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Co-une \Co`-une"\ (k?`?n"), v. t. [L. co- + unus one.] To combine or unite. [Obs.] [bd]Co-uned together.[b8] --Feltham. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cowan \Cow"an\ (kou"[ait]n), n. [Cf. OF. couillon a coward, a cullion.] One who works as a mason without having served a regular apprenticeship. [Scot.] Note: Among Freemasons, it is a cant term for pretender, interloper. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cun \Cun\ (k?n), v. t. [See {Cond}.] To con (a ship). [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cun \Cun\, v. t. [See 1st {Con}.] To know. See {Con}. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
d8Cyma \[d8]Cy"ma\ (s[imac]"m[adot]) n. [NL., fr. Gr. ky^ma. See {Cyme}] 1. (Arch.) A member or molding of the cornice, the profile of which is wavelike in form. 2. (Bot.) A cyme. See {Cyme}. {Cyma recta}, or {Cyma}, a cyma, hollow in its upper part and swelling below. {Cyma reversa}, [or] {Ogee}, a cyma swelling out on the upper part and hollow below. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cyme \Cyme\ (s?m), n. [L. cyma the young sprount of a cabbage, fr. Gr. [?][?][?], prop., anything swollen, hence also cyme, wave, fr. [?][?][?] to be pregnant.] (Bot.) A flattish or convex flower cluster, of the centrifugal or determinate type, differing from a corymb chiefly in the order of the opening of the blossoms. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cyon \Cy"on\ (s?"?n), n. See {Cion}, and {Scion}. | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Cahone, CO Zip code(s): 81320 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Cana, VA Zip code(s): 24317 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Caney, KS (city, FIPS 10375) Location: 37.01346 N, 95.93154 W Population (1990): 2062 (1031 housing units) Area: 2.9 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 67333 Caney, KY Zip code(s): 41407 Caney, OK (town, FIPS 11550) Location: 34.23289 N, 96.21338 W Population (1990): 184 (83 housing units) Area: 0.5 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 74533 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Canoe, KY Zip code(s): 41339 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Chama, NM (village, FIPS 13970) Location: 36.89350 N, 106.58259 W Population (1990): 1048 (566 housing units) Area: 6.6 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 87520 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Chana, IL Zip code(s): 61015 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Cheney, KS (city, FIPS 12775) Location: 37.62787 N, 97.78019 W Population (1990): 1560 (610 housing units) Area: 3.3 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 67025 Cheney, WA (city, FIPS 11825) Location: 47.49061 N, 117.57954 W Population (1990): 7723 (2733 housing units) Area: 6.7 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 99004 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Chenoa, IL (city, FIPS 12931) Location: 40.74420 N, 88.71814 W Population (1990): 1732 (712 housing units) Area: 2.8 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 61726 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Cheyenne, OK (town, FIPS 13900) Location: 35.61136 N, 99.67705 W Population (1990): 948 (508 housing units) Area: 2.7 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Cheyenne, WY (city, FIPS 13900) Location: 41.14545 N, 104.79235 W Population (1990): 50008 (21859 housing units) Area: 48.7 sq km (land), 0.2 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 82001, 82007, 82009 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Cheyney, PA Zip code(s): 19319 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Chimayo, NM (CDP, FIPS 14950) Location: 35.99876 N, 105.92855 W Population (1990): 2789 (1110 housing units) Area: 17.4 sq km (land), 0.3 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
China, TX (city, FIPS 14704) Location: 30.05224 N, 94.33564 W Population (1990): 1144 (463 housing units) Area: 3.7 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Chino, CA (city, FIPS 13210) Location: 34.00690 N, 117.68600 W Population (1990): 59682 (16137 housing units) Area: 44.1 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 91710 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Coahoma, MS (town, FIPS 14580) Location: 34.36590 N, 90.52221 W Population (1990): 254 (93 housing units) Area: 0.2 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 38617 Coahoma, TX (town, FIPS 15700) Location: 32.29502 N, 101.30634 W Population (1990): 1133 (440 housing units) Area: 3.1 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 79511 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Coin, IA (city, FIPS 14970) Location: 40.65588 N, 95.23523 W Population (1990): 278 (135 housing units) Area: 2.1 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 51636 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Como, MS (town, FIPS 15500) Location: 34.51487 N, 89.93996 W Population (1990): 1387 (515 housing units) Area: 4.9 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 38619 Como, NC (town, FIPS 14060) Location: 36.49972 N, 77.01477 W Population (1990): 71 (32 housing units) Area: 8.2 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 27818 Como, TX (town, FIPS 16252) Location: 33.06050 N, 95.47508 W Population (1990): 563 (241 housing units) Area: 2.9 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 75431 Como, WI (CDP, FIPS 16575) Location: 42.60944 N, 88.49519 W Population (1990): 1353 (1000 housing units) Area: 7.9 sq km (land), 1.3 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Conaway, VA Zip code(s): 24603 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Cone, TX Zip code(s): 79357 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Conway, AR (city, FIPS 15190) Location: 35.08881 N, 92.45310 W Population (1990): 26481 (10139 housing units) Area: 62.4 sq km (land), 0.5 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 72032 Conway, FL (CDP, FIPS 14050) Location: 28.49517 N, 81.33228 W Population (1990): 13159 (4891 housing units) Area: 9.0 sq km (land), 0.5 sq km (water) Conway, IA (city, FIPS 15960) Location: 40.74987 N, 94.61945 W Population (1990): 57 (28 housing units) Area: 0.6 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Conway, KS Zip code(s): 67460 Conway, KY Zip code(s): 40417 Conway, MA Zip code(s): 01341 Conway, MO (city, FIPS 16192) Location: 37.50077 N, 92.82418 W Population (1990): 629 (291 housing units) Area: 2.1 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 65632 Conway, NC (town, FIPS 14400) Location: 36.43670 N, 77.22971 W Population (1990): 759 (343 housing units) Area: 4.7 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 27820 Conway, ND (city, FIPS 15820) Location: 48.23400 N, 97.67439 W Population (1990): 24 (15 housing units) Area: 0.6 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Conway, NH (CDP, FIPS 14580) Location: 43.97934 N, 71.12709 W Population (1990): 1604 (911 housing units) Area: 7.5 sq km (land), 0.5 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 03818 Conway, PA (borough, FIPS 15872) Location: 40.66450 N, 80.24090 W Population (1990): 2424 (1004 housing units) Area: 3.2 sq km (land), 0.5 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 15027 Conway, SC (city, FIPS 16405) Location: 33.83858 N, 79.06091 W Population (1990): 9819 (3898 housing units) Area: 14.9 sq km (land), 1.5 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 29526 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Cowan, TN (city, FIPS 17700) Location: 35.16522 N, 86.01613 W Population (1990): 1738 (728 housing units) Area: 3.8 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 37318 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Cowen, WV (town, FIPS 18412) Location: 38.41023 N, 80.55512 W Population (1990): 549 (243 housing units) Area: 1.6 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 26206 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Cuney, TX (town, FIPS 18152) Location: 32.03824 N, 95.41542 W Population (1990): 170 (82 housing units) Area: 4.2 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Cuyama, CA Zip code(s): 93214 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Cuyuna, MN (city, FIPS 14428) Location: 46.51177 N, 93.92897 W Population (1990): 172 (88 housing units) Area: 8.5 sq km (land), 0.6 sq km (water) | |
From Jargon File (4.2.0, 31 JAN 2000) [jargon]: | |
can vt. To abort a job on a time-sharing system. Used esp. when the person doing the deed is an operator, as in "canned from the {{console}}". Frequently used in an imperative sense, as in "Can that print job, the LPT just popped a sprocket!" Synonymous with {gun}. It is said that the ASCII character with mnemonic CAN (0011000) was used as a kill-job character on some early OSes. Alternatively, this term may derive from mainstream slang `canned' for being laid off or fired. | |
From Jargon File (4.2.0, 31 JAN 2000) [jargon]: | |
chain 1. vi. [orig. from BASIC's `CHAIN' statement] To hand off execution to a child or successor without going through the {OS} command interpreter that invoked it. The state of the parent program is lost and there is no returning to it. Though this facility used to be common on memory-limited micros and is still widely supported for backward compatibility, the jargon usage is semi-obsolescent; in particular, most Unix programmers will think of this as an {exec}. Oppose the more modern `subshell'. 2. n. A series of linked data areas within an operating system or application. `Chain rattling' is the process of repeatedly running through the linked data areas searching for one which is of interest to the executing program. The implication is that there is a very large number of links on the chain. | |
From Jargon File (4.2.0, 31 JAN 2000) [jargon]: | |
con n. [from SF fandom] A science-fiction convention. Not used of other sorts of conventions, such as professional meetings. This term, unlike many others imported from SF-fan slang, is widely recognized even by hackers who aren't {fan}s. "We'd been corresponding on the net for months, then we met face-to-face at a con." | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
CAM 1. 2. (1999-09-17) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
CAM-6 Software for running {cellular automata}. CAM-6 has been implemented in hardware as {CAM-PC}. (1995-04-21) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
CAN {Cancel} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
CEN Conseil Européen pour la Normalisation. A body coordinating {standard}isation activities in the EEC and EFTA countries. (1994-12-14) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
CGM {Computer Graphics Metafile} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
chain 1. pass control to a child or successor without going through the {operating system} {command interpreter} that invoked you. The state of the parent program is lost and there is no returning to it. Though this facility used to be common on memory-limited {microcomputers} and is still widely supported for {backward compatibility}, the jargon usage is semi-obsolescent; in particular, {Unix} calls this {exec}. Compare with the more modern "{subshell}". 2. {operating system} or {application program}. "Chain rattling" is the process of repeatedly running through the linked data areas searching for one which is of interest. The implication is that there are many links in the chain. 3. elements of some {total ordering}, S x0 <= x1 <= x2 ... A chain satisfies: for all x,y in S, x <= y \/ y <= x. I.e. any two elements of a chain are related. ("<=" is written in {LaTeX} as {\sqsubseteq}). [{Jargon File}] (1995-02-03) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Chen {Peter Chen} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
chm {Compiled HTML} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
CIM 1. 2. (2003-06-07) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
CM {Configuration Management} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
cm (1999-01-27) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
CM {Configuration Management} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
cm (1999-01-27) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
CMA {Concert Multithread Architecture} from {DEC}. | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
CMAY ["A Microkernel for Distributed Applications", R. Bagrodia et al, Proc 5th Intl Conf Distrib Comp Sys IEEE 1985, pp. 140-149]. (1994-12-21) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
CMM {Capabilities Maturity Model} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
CMU {Carnegie Mellon University} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
cn (1999-01-27) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
CNI {Coalition for Networked Information} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
CNN | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
COM 1. 2. (1999-06-12) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
com for American companies, although it sees heavy use for international companies and {vanity domains} of all types, whether in the US or not. (1999-01-26) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
COM 1. 2. (1999-06-12) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
com for American companies, although it sees heavy use for international companies and {vanity domains} of all types, whether in the US or not. (1999-01-26) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Comma COMputable MAthematics. An {ESPRIT} project at KU {Nijmegen}. (1994-11-30) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
comma comma. Rare: {ITU-T}: cedilla; {INTERCAL}: tail. In the {C} programming language, "," is an operator which evaluates its first argument (which presumably has {side-effect}s) and then returns the value of its second argument. This is useful in "for" statements and {macro}s. (1995-03-10) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Comma COMputable MAthematics. An {ESPRIT} project at KU {Nijmegen}. (1994-11-30) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
comma comma. Rare: {ITU-T}: cedilla; {INTERCAL}: tail. In the {C} programming language, "," is an operator which evaluates its first argument (which presumably has {side-effect}s) and then returns the value of its second argument. This is useful in "for" statements and {macro}s. (1995-03-10) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
con [SF fandom] A science-fiction convention. Not used of other sorts of conventions, such as professional meetings. This term, unlike many others of SF-fan slang, is widely recognised even by hackers who aren't {fan}s. "We'd been corresponding on the net for months, then we met face-to-face at a con." [{Jargon File}] | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
C-Scheme {MIT Scheme} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
C++SIM A {class} library like the {simulation} class libraries of {SIMULA}, by Mark Little Version: 1.0. {(ftp://arjuna.ncl.ac.uk/)}. (1993-06-04) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
CSM ["CSM - A Distributed Programming Language", S. Zhongxiu et al, IEEE Trans Soft Eng SE-13(4):497-500 (Apr 1987)]. | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Cain a possession; a spear. (1.) The first-born son of Adam and Eve (Gen. 4). He became a tiller of the ground, as his brother Abel followed the pursuits of pastoral life. He was "a sullen, self-willed, haughty, vindictive man; wanting the religious element in his character, and defiant even in his attitude towards God." It came to pass "in process of time" (marg. "at the end of days"), i.e., probably on the Sabbath, that the two brothers presented their offerings to the Lord. Abel's offering was of the "firstlings of his flock and of the fat," while Cain's was "of the fruit of the ground." Abel's sacrifice was "more excellent" (Heb. 11:4) than Cain's, and was accepted by God. On this account Cain was "very wroth," and cherished feelings of murderous hatred against his brother, and was at length guilty of the desperate outrage of putting him to death (1 John 3:12). For this crime he was expelled from Eden, and henceforth led the life of an exile, bearing upon him some mark which God had set upon him in answer to his own cry for mercy, so that thereby he might be protected from the wrath of his fellow-men; or it may be that God only gave him some sign to assure him that he would not be slain (Gen. 4:15). Doomed to be a wanderer and a fugitive in the earth, he went forth into the "land of Nod", i.e., the land of "exile", which is said to have been in the "east of Eden," and there he built a city, the first we read of, and called it after his son's name, Enoch. His descendants are enumerated to the sixth generation. They gradually degenerated in their moral and spiritual condition till they became wholly corrupt before God. This corruption prevailed, and at length the Deluge was sent by God to prevent the final triumph of evil. (See {ABEL}.) (2.) A town of the Kenites, a branch of the Midianites (Josh. 15:57), on the east edge of the mountain above Engedi; probably the "nest in a rock" mentioned by Balaam (Num. 24:21). It is identified with the modern Yekin, 3 miles south-east of Hebron. | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Cana reedy, a town of Galilee, near Capernaum. Here our Lord wrought his first miracle, the turning of water into wine (John 2:1-11; 4:46). It is also mentioned as the birth-place of Nathanael (21:2). It is not mentioned in the Old Testament. It has been identified with the modern Kana el-Jelil, also called Khurbet Kana, a place 8 or 9 miles north of Nazareth. Others have identified it with Kefr Kenna, which lies on the direct road to the Sea of Galilee, about 5 miles north-east of Nazareth, and 12 in a direct course from Tiberias. It is called "Cana of Galilee," to distinguish it from Cana of Asher (Josh. 19:28). | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Cane a tall sedgy plant with a hollow stem, growing in moist places. In Isa. 43:24; Jer. 6:20, the Hebrew word _kaneh_ is thus rendered, giving its name to the plant. It is rendered "reed" in 1 Kings 14:15; Job 40:21; Isa. 19:6; 35:7. In Ps. 68:30 the expression "company of spearmen" is in the margin and the Revised Version "beasts of the reeds," referring probably to the crocodile or the hippopotamus as a symbol of Egypt. In 2 Kings 18:21; Isa. 36:6; Ezek. 29:6, 7, the reference is to the weak, fragile nature of the reed. (See {CALAMUS}.) | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Canneh Mentioned only in Ezek. 27:23. (See {CALNEH}.) | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Chain (1.) A part of the insignia of office. A chain of gold was placed about Joseph's neck (Gen. 41:42); and one was promised to Daniel (5:7). It is used as a symbol of sovereignty (Ezek. 16:11). The breast-plate of the high-priest was fastened to the ephod by golden chains (Ex. 39:17, 21). (2.) It was used as an ornament (Prov. 1:9; Cant. 1:10). The Midianites adorned the necks of their camels with chains (Judg. 8:21, 26). (3.) Chains were also used as fetters wherewith prisoners were bound (Judg. 16:21; 2 Sam. 3:34; 2 Kings 25:7; Jer. 39:7). Paul was in this manner bound to a Roman soldier (Acts 28:20; Eph. 6:20; 2 Tim. 1:16). Sometimes, for the sake of greater security, the prisoner was attached by two chains to two soldiers, as in the case of Peter (Acts 12:6). | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Chenaiah whom Jehovah hath made. "Chief of the Levites," probably a Kohathite (1 Chr. 15:22), and therefore not the same as mentioned in 26:29. | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Chiun occurs only in Amos 5:26 (R.V. marg., "shrine"). The LXX. translated the word by Rhephan, which became corrupted into Remphan, as used by Stephen (Acts 7:43; but R.V., "Rephan"). Probably the planet Saturn is intended by the name. Astrologers represented this planet as baleful in its influences, and hence the Phoenicians offered to it human sacrifices, especially children. | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Chun one of the cities of Hadarezer, king of Syria. David procured brass (i.e., bronze or copper) from it for the temple (1 Chr. 18:8). It is called Berothai in 2 Sam. 8:8; probably the same as Berothah in Ezek. 47:16. | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Coin Before the Exile the Jews had no regularly stamped money. They made use of uncoined shekels or talents of silver, which they weighed out (Gen. 23:16; Ex. 38:24; 2 Sam. 18:12). Probably the silver ingots used in the time of Abraham may have been of a fixed weight, which was in some way indicated on them. The "pieces of silver" paid by Abimelech to Abraham (Gen. 20:16), and those also for which Joseph was sold (37:28), were proably in the form of rings. The shekel was the common standard of weight and value among the Hebrews down to the time of the Captivity. Only once is a shekel of gold mentioned (1 Chr. 21:25). The "six thousand of gold" mentioned in the transaction between Naaman and Gehazi (2 Kings 5:5) were probably so many shekels of gold. The "piece of money" mentioned in Job 42:11; Gen. 33:19 (marg., "lambs") was the Hebrew _kesitah_, probably an uncoined piece of silver of a certain weight in the form of a sheep or lamb, or perhaps having on it such an impression. The same Hebrew word is used in Josh. 24:32, which is rendered by Wickliffe "an hundred yonge scheep." | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Coney (Heb. shaphan; i.e., "the hider"), an animal which inhabits the mountain gorges and the rocky districts of Arabia Petraea and the Holy Land. "The conies are but a feeble folk, yet make they their houses in the rocks" (Prov. 30:26; Ps. 104:18). They are gregarious, and "exceeding wise" (Prov. 30:24), and are described as chewing the cud (Lev. 11:5; Deut. 14:7). The animal intended by this name is known among naturalists as the Hyrax Syriacus. It is neither a ruminant nor a rodent, but is regarded as akin to the rhinoceros. When it is said to "chew the cud," the Hebrew word so used does not necessarily imply the possession of a ruminant stomach. "The lawgiver speaks according to appearances; and no one can watch the constant motion of the little creature's jaws, as it sits continually working its teeth, without recognizing the naturalness of the expression" (Tristram, Natural History of the Bible). It is about the size and color of a rabbit, though clumsier in structure, and without a tail. Its feet are not formed for digging, and therefore it has its home not in burrows but in the clefts of the rocks. "Coney" is an obsolete English word for "rabbit." | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Cain, possession, or possessed | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Cana, zeal; jealousy; possession | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Chun, making ready | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Coniah, strength of the Lord | |
From The CIA World Factbook (1995) [world95]: | |
China (also see separate Taiwan entry) China:Geography Location: Eastern Asia, bordering the East China Sea, Korea Bay, Yellow Sea, and South China Sea, between North Korea and Vietnam Map references: Asia Area: total area: 9,596,960 sq km land area: 9,326,410 sq km comparative area: slightly larger than the US Land boundaries: total 22,143.34 km, Afghanistan 76 km, Bhutan 470 km, Burma 2,185 km, Hong Kong 30 km, India 3,380 km, Kazakhstan 1,533 km, North Korea 1,416 km, Kyrgyzstan 858 km, Laos 423 km, Macau 0.34 km, Mongolia 4,673 km, Nepal 1,236 km, Pakistan 523 km, Russia (northeast) 3,605 km, Russia (northwest) 40 km, Tajikistan 414 km, Vietnam 1,281 km Coastline: 14,500 km Maritime claims: continental shelf: claim to shallow areas of East China Sea and Yellow Sea territorial sea: 12 nm International disputes: boundary with India in dispute; disputed sections of the boundary with Russia remain to be settled; boundary with Tajikistan in dispute; a short section of the boundary with North Korea is indefinite; involved in a complex dispute over the Spratly Islands with Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan, Vietnam, and possibly Brunei; maritime boundary dispute with Vietnam in the Gulf of Tonkin; Paracel Islands occupied by China, but claimed by Vietnam and Taiwan; claims Japanese-administered Senkaku-shoto (Senkaku Islands/Diaoyu Tai), as does Taiwan Climate: extremely diverse; tropical in south to subarctic in north Terrain: mostly mountains, high plateaus, deserts in west; plains, deltas, and hills in east Natural resources: coal, iron ore, petroleum, mercury, tin, tungsten, antimony, manganese, molybdenum, vanadium, magnetite, aluminum, lead, zinc, uranium, hydropower potential (world's largest) Land use: arable land: 10% permanent crops: 0% meadows and pastures: 31% forest and woodland: 14% other: 45% Irrigated land: 478,220 sq km (1991 - Chinese data) Environment: current issues: air pollution from the overwhelming use of high-sulfur coal as a fuel, produces acid rain which is damaging forests; water shortages experienced throughout the country, particularly in urban areas; future growth in water usage threatens to outpace supplies; water pollution from industrial effluents; much of the population does not have access to potable water; less than 10% of sewage receives treatment; deforestation; estimated loss of one-fifth of agricultural land since 1957 to soil erosion and economic development; desertification; trade in endangered species natural hazards: frequent typhoons (about five per year along southern and eastern coasts); damaging floods; tsunamis; earthquakes; droughts international agreements: party to - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling; signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Law of the Sea Note: world's third-largest country (after Russia and Canada) China:People Population: 1,203,097,268 (July 1995 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 26% (female 151,266,866; male 167,234,782) 15-64 years: 67% (female 391,917,572; male 419,103,994) 65 years and over: 7% (female 39,591,692; male 33,982,362) (July 1995 est.) Population growth rate: 1.04% (1995 est.) Birth rate: 17.78 births/1,000 population (1995 est.) Death rate: 7.36 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.) Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.) Infant mortality rate: 52.1 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 68.08 years male: 67.09 years female: 69.18 years (1995 est.) Total fertility rate: 1.84 children born/woman (1995 est.) Nationality: noun: Chinese (singular and plural) adjective: Chinese Ethnic divisions: Han Chinese 91.9%, Zhuang, Uygur, Hui, Yi, Tibetan, Miao, Manchu, Mongol, Buyi, Korean, and other nationalities 8.1% Religions: Daoism (Taoism), Buddhism, Muslim 2%-3%, Christian 1% (est.) note: officially atheist, but traditionally pragmatic and eclectic Languages: Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic divisions entry) Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1990) total population: 78% male: 87% female: 68% Labor force: 583.6 million (1991) by occupation: agriculture and forestry 60%, industry and commerce 25%, construction and mining 5%, social services 5%, other 5% (1990 est.) China:Government Names: conventional long form: People's Republic of China conventional short form: China local long form: Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo local short form: Zhong Guo Abbreviation: PRC Digraph: CH Type: Communist state Capital: Beijing Administrative divisions: 23 provinces (sheng, singular and plural), 5 autonomous regions* (zizhiqu, singular and plural), and 3 municipalities** (shi, singular and plural); Anhui, Beijing**, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi*, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol*, Ningxia*, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanghai**, Shanxi, Sichuan, Tianjin**, Xinjiang*, Xizang* (Tibet), Yunnan, Zhejiang note: China considers Taiwan its 23rd province Independence: 221 BC (unification under the Qin or Ch'in Dynasty 221 BC; Qing or Ch'ing Dynasty replaced by the Republic on 12 February 1912; People's Republic established 1 October 1949) National holiday: National Day, 1 October (1949) Constitution: most recent promulgated 4 December 1982 Legal system: a complex amalgam of custom and statute, largely criminal law; rudimentary civil code in effect since 1 January 1987; new legal codes in effect since 1 January 1980; continuing efforts are being made to improve civil, administrative, criminal, and commercial law Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal Executive branch: chief of state: President JIANG Zemin (since 27 March 1993); Vice President RONG Yiren (since 27 March 1993); election last held 27 March 1993 (next to be held 1998); results - JIANG Zemin was nominally elected by the Eighth National People's Congress head of government: Premier LI Peng (Acting Premier since 24 November 1987, Premier since 9 April 1988) Vice Premier ZHU Rongji (since 8 April 1991); Vice Premier ZOU Jiahua (since 8 April 1991); Vice Premier QIAN Qichen (since 29 March 1993); Vice Premier LI Lanqing (29 March 1993); Vice Premier WU Bangguo (since 17 March 1995); Vice Premier JIANG Chunyun (since 17 March 1995) cabinet: State Council; appointed by the National People's Congress (NPC) Legislative branch: unicameral National People's Congress: (Quanguo Renmin Daibiao Dahui) elections last held March 1993 (next to be held March 1998); results - CCP is the only party but there are also independents; seats - (2,977 total) (elected at county or xian level) Judicial branch: Supreme People's Court Political parties and leaders: Chinese Communist Party (CCP), JIANG Zemin, general secretary of the Central Committee (since 24 June 1989); eight registered small parties controlled by CCP Other political or pressure groups: such meaningful opposition as exists consists of loose coalitions, usually within the party and government organization, that vary by issue Member of: AfDB, APEC, AsDB, CCC, ESCAP, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, NAM (observer), PCA, UN, UN Security Council, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNITAR, UNOMIL, UNOMOZ, UNTSO, UNU, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO Diplomatic representation in US: chief of mission: Ambassador LI Daoyu chancery: 2300 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 328-2500 through 2502 consulate(s) general: Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco US diplomatic representation: chief of mission: Ambassador J. Stapleton ROY embassy: Xiu Shui Bei Jie 3, 100600 Beijing mailing address: PSC 461, Box 50, Beijing; FPO AP 96521-0002 telephone: [86] (1) 5323831 FAX: [86] (1) 5323178 consulate(s) general: Chengdu, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Shenyang Flag: red with a large yellow five-pointed star and four smaller yellow five-pointed stars (arranged in a vertical arc toward the middle of the flag) in the upper hoist-side corner Economy Overview: Beginning in late 1978 the Chinese leadership has been trying to move the economy from the sluggish Soviet-style centrally planned economy to a more productive and flexible economy with market elements, but still within the framework of monolithic Communist control. To this end the authorities switched to a system of household responsibility in agriculture in place of the old collectivization, increased the authority of local officials and plant managers in industry, permitted a wide variety of small-scale enterprise in services and light manufacturing, and opened the economy to increased foreign trade and investment. The result has been a strong surge in production, particularly in agriculture in the early 1980s. Industry also has posted major gains, especially in coastal areas near Hong Kong and opposite Taiwan, where foreign investment and modern production methods have helped spur production of both domestic and export goods. Aggregate output has more than doubled since 1978. On the darker side, the leadership has often experienced in its hybrid system the worst results of socialism (bureaucracy, lassitude, corruption) and of capitalism (windfall gains and stepped-up inflation). Beijing thus has periodically backtracked, retightening central controls at intervals. In 1992-94 annual growth of GDP accelerated, particularly in the coastal areas - to more than 10% annually according to official claims. In late 1993 China's leadership approved additional long-term reforms aimed at giving more play to market-oriented institutions and at strengthening the center's control over the financial system. In 1994 strong growth continued in the widening market-oriented areas of the economy. At the same time, the government struggled to (a) collect revenues due from provinces, businesses, and individuals; (b) keep inflation within bounds; (c) reduce extortion and other economic crimes; and (d) keep afloat the large state-owned enterprises, most of which had not participated in the vigorous expansion of the economy. From 60 to 100 million surplus rural workers are adrift between the villages and the cities, many barely subsisting through part-time low-pay jobs. Popular resistance, changes in central policy, and loss of authority by rural cadres have weakened China's population control program, which is essential to the nation's long-term economic viability. One of the most dangerous long-term threats to continued rapid economic growth is the deterioration in the environment, notably air pollution, soil erosion, and the steady fall of the water table especially in the north. National product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $2.9788 trillion (1994 estimate as extrapolated from World Bank estimate for 1992 by use of official Chinese growth statistics for 1993-94; because of the difficulties with official statistics in this time of rapid change, the result may overstate China's GDP by as much as 25%) National product real growth rate: 11.8% (1994 est.) National product per capita: $2,500 (1994 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 25.5% (December 1994 over December 1993) Unemployment rate: 2.7% in urban areas (1994); substantial underemployment Budget: deficit $13.7 billion (1994) Exports: $121 billion (f.o.b., 1994) commodities: textiles, garments, footwear, toys, machinery and equipment, weapon systems partners: Hong Kong, Japan, US, Germany, South Korea, Russia (1993) Imports: $115.7 billion (c.i.f., 1994) commodities: rolled steel, motor vehicles, textile machinery, oil products, aircraft partners: Japan, Taiwan, US, Hong Kong, Germany, South Korea (1993) External debt: $100 billion (1994 est.) Industrial production: growth rate 17.5% (1994 est.) Electricity: capacity: 162,000,000 kW production: 746 billion kWh consumption per capita: 593 kWh (1993) Industries: iron and steel, coal, machine building, armaments, textiles and apparel, petroleum, cement, chemical fertilizers, consumer durables, food processing, autos, consumer electronics, telecommunications Agriculture: accounts for almost 30% of GDP; among the world's largest producers of rice, potatoes, sorghum, peanuts, tea, millet, barley, and pork; commercial crops include cotton, other fibers, and oilseeds; produces variety of livestock products; basically self-sufficient in food; fish catch of 13.35 million metric tons (including fresh water and pond raised) (1991) Illicit drugs: illicit producer of opium; bulk of production is in Yunnan Province (which produced 25 metric tons in 1994); transshipment point for heroin produced in the Golden Triangle Economic aid: donor: to less developed countries (1970-89) $7 billion recipient: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-87), $220.7 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-87), $13.5 billion Currency: 1 yuan (Y) = 10 jiao Exchange rates: yuan (Y) per US$1 - 8.4413 (January 1995), 8.6187 (1994), 5.7620 (1993), 5.5146 (1992), 5.3234 (1991), 4.7832 (1990) note: beginning 1 January 1994, the People's Bank of China quotes the midpoint rate against the US dollar based on the previous day's prevailing rate in the interbank foreign exchange market Fiscal year: calendar year China:Transportation Railroads: total: 65,780 km standard gauge: 55,180 km 1.435-m gauge (7,174 km electrified; more than 11,000 km double track) narrow gauge: 600 km 1.000-m gauge; 10,000 km 0.762-m to 1.067-m gauge dedicated industrial lines Highways: total: 1.029 million km paved: 170,000 km unpaved: gravel/improved earth 648,000 km; unimproved earth 211,000 km (1990) Inland waterways: 138,600 km; about 109,800 km navigable Pipelines: crude oil 9,700 km; petroleum products 1,100 km; natural gas 6,200 km (1990) Ports: Aihui, Changsha, Dalian, Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Harbin, Huangpu, Nanning, Ningbo, Qingdao, Qinhuangdao, Shanghai, Shantou, Tanggu, Xiamen, Xingang, Zhanjiang Merchant marine: total: 1,628 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 16,013,532 GRT/24,027,766 DWT ships by type: barge carrier 3, bulk 298, cargo 849, chemical tanker 14, combination bulk 10, container 98, liquefied gas tanker 4, multifunction large load carrier 1, oil tanker 212, passenger 24, passenger-cargo 25, refrigerated cargo 21, roll-on/roll-off cargo 24, short-sea passenger 44, vehicle carrier 1 note: China beneficially owns an additional 250 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling approximately 8,831,462 DWT that operate under Panamanian, Hong Kong, Maltese, Liberian, Vanuatu, Cypriot, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Bahamian, and Singaporean registry Airports: total: 204 with paved runways over 3,047 m: 17 with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 69 with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 89 with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 9 with paved runways under 914 m: 7 with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m: 7 with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 3 with unpaved runways under 914 m: 3 China:Communications Telephone system: 20,000,000 telephones (summer 1994); domestic and international services are increasingly available for private use; unevenly distributed internal system serves principal cities, industrial centers, and most townships; expanding phone lines, interprovincial fiber optic links, satellite communications, cellullar/mobile communications, etc. local: NA intercity: fiber optic trunk lines, 55 earth stations for domestic satellites international: 5 INTELSAT earth stations (4 Pacific Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 INMARSAT earth station; several international fiber optic links to Japan and Hong Kong Radio: broadcast stations: AM 274, FM NA, shortwave 0 radios: 215 million Television: broadcast stations: 202 (repeaters 2,050) televisions: 75 million China:Defense Forces Branches: People's Liberation Army (PLA), which includes the Ground Forces, Navy (includes Marines and Naval Aviation), Air Force, Second Artillery Corps (the strategic missile force), People's Armed Police (internal security troops, nominally subordinate to Ministry of Public Security, but included by the Chinese as part of the "armed forces" and considered to be an adjunct to the PLA in war time) Manpower availability: males age 15-49 351,330,411; males fit for military service 194,286,619; males reach military age (18) annually 9,841,658 (1995 est.) Defense expenditures: defense budget - 63.09 billion yuan, NA% of GDP (1995 est.); note - conversion of the defense budget into US dollars using the current exchange rate could produce misleading results |