Ipomoea : Dictionary / Wörterbuch (BEOLINGUS, TU Chemnitz)

I-beam
n 1: girder having a cross section resembling the letter `I'

English Dictionary: Ipomoea	by the DICT Development Group
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
Ipomoea n morning glory Synonym(s): Ipomoea, genus Ipomoea
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
Ivan III n grand duke of Muscovy whose victories against the Tartars laid the basis for Russian unity (1440-1505) Synonym(s): Ivan III, Ivan III Vasilievich, Ivan the Great
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]:
Ivan, AR Zip code(s): 71748
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]:
Ivanhoe, CA (CDP, FIPS 36910) Location: 36.38931 N, 119.21868 W Population (1990): 3293 (971 housing units) Area: 5.2 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 93235 Ivanhoe, MN (city, FIPS 31526) Location: 44.46410 N, 96.25041 W Population (1990): 751 (343 housing units) Area: 2.4 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 56142 Ivanhoe, NC Zip code(s): 28447 Ivanhoe, TX Zip code(s): 75447 Ivanhoe, VA Zip code(s): 24350
From Jargon File (4.2.0, 31 JAN 2000) [jargon]:
IBM /I-B-M/ Inferior But Marketable; It's Better Manually; Insidious Black Magic; It's Been Malfunctioning; Incontinent Bowel Movement; and a near-{infinite} number of even less complimentary expansions, including `International Business Machines'. See {TLA}. These abbreviations illustrate the considerable antipathy most hackers long felt toward the `industry leader' (see {fear and loathing}). What galled hackers about most IBM machines above the PC level wasn't so much that they were underpowered and overpriced (though that does count against them), but that the designs are incredibly archaic, {crufty}, and {elephantine} ... and you can't _fix_ them -- source code is locked up tight, and programming tools are expensive, hard to find, and bletcherous to use once you've found them. For many years, before Microsoft, IBM was the company hackers loved to hate. But everything changes. In the 1980s IBM had its own troubles with Microsoft. In the late 1990s IBM re-invented itself as a services company, began to release open-source software through its AlphaWorks group, and began shipping {Linux} systems and building ties to the Linux community. To the astonishment of all parties, IBM emerged as a friend of the hacker community This lexicon includes a number of entries attributed to `IBM'; these derive from some rampantly unofficial jargon lists circulated within IBM's own beleaguered hacker underground.
From Jargon File (4.2.0, 31 JAN 2000) [jargon]:
IWBNI // Abbreviation for `It Would Be Nice If'. Compare {WIBNI}.
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]:
IBM {International Business Machines}
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]:
IBM 1403 A printer used with the {IBM 360} {mainframe}, a successor to the 1401. (1999-01-11)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]:
IBM 1620 A computer built by {IBM} and released in late 1959. The 1620 cost from around $85,000(?) up to hundreds of thousands of dollars(?) according to the configuration. It was billed as a "small scientific computer" to distinguish it from the business-oriented {IBM 1401}. It was regarded as inexpensive, and many schools started out with one. It was either developed for the US Navy to teach computing, or as a replacement for the very successful {IBM 650} which did quite well in the low end scientific market. Rumour has it that the Navy called this computer the CADET - Can't Add, Doesn't Even Try. The {ALU} used lookup tables to add, subtract and multiply but it could do address increments and the like without the tables. You could change the number base by adjusting the tables, which were input during the boot sequence from {Hollerith} cards. The divide instruction required additional hardware, as did {floating point} operations. The basic machine had 20,000 decimal digits of {ferrite core memory} arranged as a 100 by 100 array of 12-bit locations, each holding two digits. Each digit was stored as four numeric bits, one flag bit and one parity bit. The numeric bits stored a decimal digit (values above nine were illegal). Memory was logically divided into fields. On the high-order digit of a field the flag bit indicated the end of the field. On the low-order digit it indicated a negative number. A flag bit on the low order of the address indicated {indirect addressing} if you had that option installed. A few "illegal" bit combinations were used to store things like record marks and "numeric blanks". On a {subroutine} call it stored the {return address} in the five digits just before the entry point to the routine, so you had to build your own {stack} to do {recursion}. The enclosure was grey, and the core was about four or five inches across. The core memory was kept cool inside a temperature-controlled box. The machine took a few minutes to warm up after power on before you could use it. If it got too hot there was a thermal cut-out switch that would shut it down. Memory could be expanded up to 100,000 digits in a second cabinet. The cheapest package used {paper tape} for I/O. You could also get {punched cards} and later models could be hooked up to a 1311 {disk drive} (a two-{megabyte} {washing machine}), a 1627 {plotter}, and a 1443 {line printer}. Because the 1620 was popular with colleges, IBM ran a clearing house of software for a nominal cost such as {Snobol}, {COBOL}, chess games, etc. The model II, released about three years later, could add and subtract without tables. The {clock period} decreased from 20 to 10 microseconds, instruction fetch sped up by a few cycles and it added {index registers} of some sort. Some of the model I's options were standard on the model II, like {indirect addressing} and the {console} {teletype} changed from a model C to a {Selectric}. Later still, IBM marketed the {IBM 1710}. A favorite use was to tune a FM radio to pick up the "interference" from the lights on the console. With the right delay loops you could generate musical notes. Hackers wrote {interpreters} that played music from notation like "C44". 1620 consoles were used as props to represent {Colossus} in the film "The Forbin Project", though most of the machines had been scrapped by the time the film was made. {A fully configured 1620 (http://uranus.ee.auth.gr/TMTh/exhibit.htm)}. {IBM 1620 console picture (http://www.foldoc.org/pub/IBM1620-console.jpg)}. {IBM 1620 at Tuck School of Business, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA (http://www.foldoc.org/pub/IBM1620-Tuck1960s.jpg)} (Thanks Victor E. McGee, pictured). ["Basic Programming Concepts and the IBM 1620 Computer", Leeson and Dimitry, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1962]. (1997-08-05)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]:
IBM 1710 An {IBM 1620} with additional features useful for industrial process control: {A/D convertors}, {D/A convertors}, general-purpose I/O lines, and {interrupts}. [Date?] (1997-07-20)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]:
IBM 2741 {golf ball printer}
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]:
IBM 3270 A class of {terminals} made by {IBM} known as "Display Devices", normally used to talk to {IBM} {mainframes}. The 3270 attempts to minimise the number of {I/O} {interrupts} required by accepting large blocks of data, known as datastreams, in which both text and control (or formatting functions) are interspersed allowing an entire screen to be "painted" as a single output operation. The concept of "formatting" in these devices allows the screen to be divided into clusters of contiguous character cells for which numerous attributes (color, highlighting, {character set}, protection from modification) can be set. Further, using a technique known as 'Read Modified' the changes from any number of formatted fields that have been modified can be read as a single input without transferring any other data, another technique to enhance the terminal throughput of the CPU. The 3270 had twelve, and later twenty-four, special Programmed Function Keys, or PF keys. When one of these keys was pressed, it would cause the device to generate an I/O {interrupt} and present a special code identifying which key was pressed. {Application program} functions such as termination, page-up, page-down or help could be invoked by a single key-push, thereby reducing the load on very busy processors. A version of the {IBM PC} called the "3270 PC" was released in October 1983. It included 3270 {terminal emulation}. {tn3270} is modified version of {Telnet} which acts as a 3270 {terminal emulator} and can be used to connect to an IBM computer over a network. See also {broken arrow}. (1995-02-07)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]:
IBM 360 The generic name for the {CPU}s and architecture released by {IBM} in 1964. The 360 was marketed as a general purpose computer with 'all round' functionality - hence 360 (degrees). Models ranged from the 360/20 to the 360/65 and later the 360/95, with typical memory configurations from 16K to 1024K. Elements of the architecture, such as the basic {instruction set} are still in use on IBM {mainframes} today. Associated {operating systems} included {DOS}, {OS/MFT} and {OS/MVT}. The 360 architecture was based on an 8-bit {byte}, 16 general purpose {registers}, 24-bit addressing, and a PSW (Program Status Word) including a location counter. {Gene Amdahl}, then an IBM employee, is generally acknowledged as the 360's chief architect. He later went on to found {Amdahl Corporaton}, a manufacture of {PCM} {mainframe} equipment. The 360's predecessors were the smaller {IBM 1401} and the large {IBM 7090} series. See also {ABEND}, {ALC}, {BAL}, {Big Red Switch}, {HCF}, {mode bit}, {PL360}, {PL/S}. (1999-01-24)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]:
IBM 3720 A {communications controller} made by {IBM}, suitable for use in an {IBM S/390}. Official service support was withdrawn in 1999 in favour of the {IBM 3745}. {(http://www.ibm.com/search?q=3720&realm=Networking)}. (2000-02-21)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]:
IBM 650 A computer, produced ca. 1955 and in use in the late 1950s, with rotating {magnetic drum} storage and {punched card} input. Its memory words could store 10-digit decimal numbers and each instruction had two addresses, one for the {operand} and one for address of the next instruction on the drum. {SOAP} was its (optimising) {assembler}. Languages used on it included {BACAIC}, {BALITAC}, {BELL}, {CASE SOAP III}, {DRUCO I}, {EASE II}, {ELI}, {ESCAPE}, {FAST}, {FLAIR}, {FORTRANSIT}, {FORTRUNCIBLE}, {GAT}, {IPL}, {Internal Translator}, {KISS}, {MITILAC}, {MYSTIC}, {OMNICODE}, {PIT}, {RELATIVE}, {RUNCIBLE}, {SIR}, {SOAP}, {Speedcoding}, {SPIT}, {SPUR}. [More details?] (1995-03-30)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]:
IBM 704 A large, scientific computer made by {IBM} and used by the largest commercial, government and educational institutions. The IBM 704 had 36-bit memory words, 15-bit addresses and instructions with one address. A few {index register} instructions had the infamous 15-bit decrement field in addition to the 15-bit address. The 704, and {IBM 709} which had the same basic architecture, represented a substantial step forward from the {IBM 650}'s {magnetic drum} storage as they provided random access at electronic speed to {core storage}, typically 32k words of 36 bits each. [Or did the 704 actually come before the 650?] A typical 700 series installation would be in a specially built room of perhaps 1000 to 2000 square feet, with cables running under a raised floor and substantial air conditioning. There might be up to eight {magnetic tape} transports, each about 3 x 3 x 6 feet, on one or two "channels." The 1/2 inch tape had seven tracks and moved at 150 inches per second, giving a read/write speed of 15,000 six bit characters (plus parity) per second. In the centre would be the operator's {console} consisting of cabinets and tables for storage of tapes and boxes of cards; and a {card reader}, a {card punch}, and a {line printer}, each perhaps 4 x 4 x 5 feet in dimension. Small {jobs} could be entered via {punched cards} at the console, but as a rule the user jobs were transferred from cards to {magnetic tape} by {off-line} equipment and only control information was entered at the console (see {SPOOL}). Before each job, the {operating system} was loaded from a read-only system tape (because the system in {core} could have been corrupted by the previous user), and then the user's program, in the form of card images on the input tape, would be run. Program output would be written to another tape (typically on another channel) for printing off-line. Well run installations would transfer the user's cards to tape, run the job, and print the output tape with a turnaround time of one to four hours. The processing unit typically occupied a position symmetric but opposite the operator's console. Physically the largest of the units, it included a glass enclosure a few feet in dimension in which could be seen the "core" about one foot on each side. The 36-bit word could hold two 18-bit addresses called the "Contents of the Address Register" ({CAR}) and the "Contents of the Decrement Register" ({CDR}). On the opposite side of the floor from the tape drives and operator's console would be a desk and bookshelves for the ever-present (24 hours a day) "field engineer" dressed in, you guessed it, a grey flannel suit and tie. The maintenance of the many thousands of {vacuum tubes}, each with limited lifetime, and the cleaning, lubrication, and adjustment of mechanical equipment, was augmented by a constant flow of {bug} reports, change orders to both hardware and software, and hand-holding for worried users. The 704 was oriented toward scientific work and included {floating point} hardware and the first {Fortran} implementation. Its hardware was the basis for the requirement in some programming languages that loops must be executed at least once. The {IBM 705} was the business counterpart of the 704. The 705 was a decimal machine with a circular register which could hold several variables (numbers, values) at the same time. Very few 700 series computers remained in service by 1965, but the {IBM 7090}, using {transistors} but similar in logical structure, remained an important machine until the production of the earliest {integrated circuits}. [Was the 704 scientific, business or general purpose? Difference between 704 and 709?] (1996-01-24)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]:
IBM 7040 A scaled down version of the {IBM 7090}. (1997-02-23)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]:
IBM 705 A business-oriented counterpart of the {IBM 704}. The 705 was a decimal machine with a circular {register} which could hold several values at the same time. Languages incuded {ACOM}, {Autocode}, {ELI}, {PRINT}, {PRINT I}, {SOHIO}, {SYMBOLIC ASSEMBLY}. (2000-06-01)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]:
IBM 709 A computer made by {IBM} oriented toward scientific work. The 709 had the same basic architecture as the {IBM 704} but with many {I/O} and performance refinements over the 704. The IBM 709 (like the 704) had 36-bit memory words, 15-bit addresses and instructions with one address. A few {index register} instructions had the infamous 15-bit decrement field in addition to the 15-bit address. The {IBM 7090} was a transistorised version of the 709. [Difference between 704 and 709?] (1999-01-19)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]:
IBM 7090 A transistorised version of the {IBM 709} which was a very popular high end computer in the early 1960s. The 7090 had 32Kbytes of 36-bit {core} memory and a hardware {floating point unit}. {Fortran} was its most popular language, but it supported many others. It was later upgraded to the {IBM 7094}, and a scaled down version, the IBM 7040 was also introduced. IBM 7090s controlled the Mercury and Gemini space flights, the Balistic Missile Early Warning System (until well into the 1980s), and the {CTSS} {time sharing} system at {MIT}. The 7090 was not good at unit record I/O, so in small configurations an {IBM 1401} was used for {SPOOL} I/O and in large configurations (such as a 7090/94) a 7040/44 would be directly coupled and dedicated to handling printers and {card readers}. (See the film Dr Strangelove). (1999-01-19)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]:
IBM 7094 A faster version of the {IBM 7090} with more {index registers}. (1997-02-23)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]:
IBM 801 The original {IBM} {RISC} processor, developed as a research project. It was named after the building in which it was designed. [Features? Dates?] (1995-03-01)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]:
Ivan A {Diana}-like language making up part of {VHDL}. ["VHDL - The Designer Environment", A. Gilman, IEEE Design & Test 3, (Apr 1986)].
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]:
IWBNI It Would Be Nice If. Compare {WIBNI}. [{Jargon File}] (1994-11-24)
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]:
Ibneiah, Ibniah, the building of the Lord; the understanding of the Lord; son by adoption