English Dictionary: neodymium | by the DICT Development Group |
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: | |
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From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: | |
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From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Needment \Need"ment\, n. Something needed or wanted. pl. Outfit; necessary luggage. [Archaic] --Spenser. Carrying each his needments. --Wordsworth. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Neodymium \Ne`o*dym"i*um\, n. [NL. Dee {Neo-}, and {Didymium}.] (Chem.) An elementary substance which forms one of the constituents of didymium. Symbol Nd. Atomic weight 140.8. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Neodymium \Ne`o*dym"i*um\, n. [NL. See {Neo-}, {Didymium}.] (Chem.) A rare metallic element occurring in combination with cerium, lanthanum, and other rare metals, and forming amethyst-colored salts. It was separated in 1885 by von Welsbach from praseodymium, the two having previously been regarded as a single element (didymium). It is chiefly trivalent. Symbol Nd; at. wt. 144.3. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Newtonian \New*to"ni*an\, n. A follower of Newton. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Newtonian \New*to"ni*an\, a. Of or pertaining to Sir Isaac Newton, or his discoveries. {Newtonian philosophy}, the philosophy of Sir Isaac Newton; -- applied to the doctrine of the universe as expounded in Newton's [bd]Principia,[b8] to the modern or experimental philosophy (as opposed to the theories of Descartes and others), and, most frequently, to the mathematical theory of universal gravitation. {Newtonian telescope} (Astron.), a reflecting telescope, in which rays from the large speculum are received by a plane mirror placed diagonally in the axis, and near the open end of the tube, and thrown at right angles toward one side of the tube, where the image is formed and viewed through the eyeplace. {Newtonian theory of light}. See Note under {Light}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Newtonian \New*to"ni*an\, a. Of or pertaining to Sir Isaac Newton, or his discoveries. {Newtonian philosophy}, the philosophy of Sir Isaac Newton; -- applied to the doctrine of the universe as expounded in Newton's [bd]Principia,[b8] to the modern or experimental philosophy (as opposed to the theories of Descartes and others), and, most frequently, to the mathematical theory of universal gravitation. {Newtonian telescope} (Astron.), a reflecting telescope, in which rays from the large speculum are received by a plane mirror placed diagonally in the axis, and near the open end of the tube, and thrown at right angles toward one side of the tube, where the image is formed and viewed through the eyeplace. {Newtonian theory of light}. See Note under {Light}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Potential \Po*ten"tial\, n. 1. Anything that may be possible; a possibility; potentially. --Bacon. 2. (Math.) In the theory of gravitation, or of other forces acting in space, a function of the rectangular coordinates which determine the position of a point, such that its differential coefficients with respect to the co[94]rdinates are equal to the components of the force at the point considered; -- also called {potential function}, or {force function}. It is called also {Newtonian potential} when the force is directed to a fixed center and is inversely as the square of the distance from the center. 3. (Elec.) The energy of an electrical charge measured by its power to do work; hence, the degree of electrification as referred to some standard, as that of the earth; electro-motive force. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Newtonian \New*to"ni*an\, a. Of or pertaining to Sir Isaac Newton, or his discoveries. {Newtonian philosophy}, the philosophy of Sir Isaac Newton; -- applied to the doctrine of the universe as expounded in Newton's [bd]Principia,[b8] to the modern or experimental philosophy (as opposed to the theories of Descartes and others), and, most frequently, to the mathematical theory of universal gravitation. {Newtonian telescope} (Astron.), a reflecting telescope, in which rays from the large speculum are received by a plane mirror placed diagonally in the axis, and near the open end of the tube, and thrown at right angles toward one side of the tube, where the image is formed and viewed through the eyeplace. {Newtonian theory of light}. See Note under {Light}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Telescope \Tel"e*scope\, n. [Gr. [?] viewing afar, farseeing; [?] far, far off + [?] a watcher, akin to [?] to view: cf. F. t[82]lescope. See {Telegraph}, and {-scope}.] An optical instrument used in viewing distant objects, as the heavenly bodies. Note: A telescope assists the eye chiefly in two ways; first, by enlarging the visual angle under which a distant object is seen, and thus magnifying that object; and, secondly, by collecting, and conveying to the eye, a larger beam of light than would enter the naked organ, thus rendering objects distinct and visible which would otherwise be indistinct and or invisible. Its essential parts are the object glass, or concave mirror, which collects the beam of light, and forms an image of the object, and the eyeglass, which is a microscope, by which the image is magnified. {Achromatic telescope}. See under {Achromatic}. {Aplanatic telescope}, a telescope having an aplanatic eyepiece. {Astronomical telescope}, a telescope which has a simple eyepiece so constructed or used as not to reverse the image formed by the object glass, and consequently exhibits objects inverted, which is not a hindrance in astronomical observations. {Cassegrainian telescope}, a reflecting telescope invented by Cassegrain, which differs from the Gregorian only in having the secondary speculum convex instead of concave, and placed nearer the large speculum. The Cassegrainian represents objects inverted; the Gregorian, in their natural position. The Melbourne telescope (see Illust. under {Reflecting telescope}, below) is a Cassegrainian telescope. {Dialytic telescope}. See under {Dialytic}. {Equatorial telescope}. See the Note under {Equatorial}. {Galilean telescope}, a refracting telescope in which the eyeglass is a concave instead of a convex lens, as in the common opera glass. This was the construction originally adopted by Galileo, the inventor of the instrument. It exhibits the objects erect, that is, in their natural positions. {Gregorian telescope}, a form of reflecting telescope. See under {Gregorian}. {Herschelian telescope}, a reflecting telescope of the form invented by Sir William Herschel, in which only one speculum is employed, by means of which an image of the object is formed near one side of the open end of the tube, and to this the eyeglass is applied directly. {Newtonian telescope}, a form of reflecting telescope. See under {Newtonian}. {Photographic telescope}, a telescope specially constructed to make photographs of the heavenly bodies. {Prism telescope}. See {Teinoscope}. {Reflecting telescope}, a telescope in which the image is formed by a speculum or mirror (or usually by two speculums, a large one at the lower end of the telescope, and the smaller one near the open end) instead of an object glass. See {Gregorian, Cassegrainian, Herschelian, [and] Newtonian, telescopes}, above. {Refracting telescope}, a telescope in which the image is formed by refraction through an object glass. {Telescope carp} (Zo[94]l.), the telescope fish. {Telescope fish} (Zo[94]l.), a monstrous variety of the goldfish having very protuberant eyes. {Telescope fly} (Zo[94]l.), any two-winged fly of the genus {Diopsis}, native of Africa and Asia. The telescope flies are remarkable for having the eyes raised on very long stalks. {Telescope shell} (Zo[94]l.), an elongated gastropod ({Cerithium telescopium}) having numerous flattened whorls. {Telescope sight} (Firearms), a slender telescope attached to the barrel, having cross wires in the eyepiece and used as a sight. {Terrestrial telescope}, a telescope whose eyepiece has one or two lenses more than the astronomical, for the purpose of inverting the image, and exhibiting objects erect. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Newtonian \New*to"ni*an\, a. Of or pertaining to Sir Isaac Newton, or his discoveries. {Newtonian philosophy}, the philosophy of Sir Isaac Newton; -- applied to the doctrine of the universe as expounded in Newton's [bd]Principia,[b8] to the modern or experimental philosophy (as opposed to the theories of Descartes and others), and, most frequently, to the mathematical theory of universal gravitation. {Newtonian telescope} (Astron.), a reflecting telescope, in which rays from the large speculum are received by a plane mirror placed diagonally in the axis, and near the open end of the tube, and thrown at right angles toward one side of the tube, where the image is formed and viewed through the eyeplace. {Newtonian theory of light}. See Note under {Light}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Nidamental \Nid`a*men"tal\, a. [L. nidamentum materials for a nest, fr. nidus nest. See {Nest}.] (Zo[94]l.) Of, pertaining to, or baring, eggs or egg capsules; as, the nidament capsules of certain gastropods; nidamental glands. See Illust. of {Dibranchiata}. | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Newton Hamilton, PA (borough, FIPS 54160) Location: 40.39275 N, 77.83536 W Population (1990): 287 (114 housing units) Area: 0.4 sq km (land), 0.1 sq km (water) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
NetNanny certain sites. [Company? Address?] (1997-02-12) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Not-a-Number for the result of a numerical operation which cannot return a valid number value. A NaN can result from multiplying an infinity by a zero, or from subtracting one infinity from another [what else?]. NaN is encoded as a special {bit pattern} [what pattern?] which would otherwise represent a {floating-point} number. It is used to signal error returns where other mechanisms are not convenient, e.g. a hardware {floating-point unit} and to allow errors to propagate through a calculation. Similar bit patterns represent positive and negative {overflow} and {underflow} and the positive and negative infinities resulting from {division by zero}. {Bit patterns (http://www.psc.edu/general/software/packages/ieee/ieee.html)}. [ANSI/IEEE Std 754-1985]. [Correct?] (2001-04-01) | |
From The Elements (22Oct97) [elements]: | |
neodymium Symbol: Nd Atomic number: 60 Atomic weight: 144.24 Soft bright silvery metallic element, belongs to the lanthanoids. Seven natural isotopes, Nd-144 being the only radioactive one with a half-life of 10^10 to 10^15 years. Six artificial radioisotopes have been produced. The metal is used in glass works to color class a shade of violet-purple and make it dichroic. One of the more reactive rare-earth metals, quickly reacts with air. Used in some rare-earth alloys. Neodymium is used to color the glass used in welder's glasses. Neodymium is also used in very powerful, permanent magnets (Nd2Fe14B). Discovered by Carl F. Auer von Welsbach in Austria in 1885 by separating didymium into its elemental components {praseodymium} and neodymium. The name comes from the Greek words "neos didymos" which means "new twin". Neodymium should be considered highly toxic, however evidence would seem to show that it acts as little more than a skin and eye irritant. The dust however, presents a fire and explosion hazard. | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Nethinim the name given to the hereditary temple servants in all the post-Exilian books of Scripture. The word means given, i.e., "those set apart", viz., to the menial work of the sanctuary for the Levites. The name occurs seventeen times, and in each case in the Authorized Version incorrectly terminates in "s", "Nethinims;" in the Revised Version, correctly without the "s" (Ezra 2:70; 7:7, 24; 8:20, etc.). The tradition is that the Gibeonites (Josh. 9:27) were the original caste, afterwards called Nethinim. Their numbers were added to afterwards from captives taken in battle; and they were formally given by David to the Levites (Ezra 8:20), and so were called Nethinim, i.e., the given ones, given to the Levites to be their servants. Only 612 Nethinim returned from Babylon (Ezra 2:58; 8:20). They were under the control of a chief from among themselves (2:43; Neh. 7:46). No reference to them appears in the New Testament, because it is probable that they became merged in the general body of the Jewish people. | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Nethinims, given or offered |