English Dictionary: betrothal | by the DICT Development Group |
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From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Batter \Bat"ter\ (b[acr]t"t[etil]r), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Battered} (-t[etil]rd); p. pr. & vb. n. {Battering}.] [OE. bateren, OF. batre, F. battre, fr. LL. battere, for L. batuere to strike, beat; of unknown origin. Cf. {Abate}, {Bate} to abate.] 1. To beat with successive blows; to beat repeatedly and with violence, so as to bruise, shatter, or demolish; as, to batter a wall or rampart. 2. To wear or impair as if by beating or by hard usage. [bd]Each battered jade.[b8] --Pope. 3. (Metallurgy) To flatten (metal) by hammering, so as to compress it inwardly and spread it outwardly. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Battery \Bat"ter*y\, n.; pl. {Batteries}. [F. batterie, fr. battre. See {Batter}, v. t.] 1. The act of battering or beating. 2. (Law) The unlawful beating of another. It includes every willful, angry and violent, or negligent touching of another's person or clothes, or anything attached to his person or held by him. 3. (Mil.) (a) Any place where cannon or mortars are mounted, for attack or defense. (b) Two or more pieces of artillery in the field. (c) A company or division of artillery, including the gunners, guns, horses, and all equipments. In the United States, a battery of flying artillery consists usually of six guns. {Barbette battery}. See {Barbette}. {Battery d'enfilade}, or {Enfilading battery}, one that sweeps the whole length of a line of troops or part of a work. {Battery en [82]charpe}, one that plays obliquely. {Battery gun}, a gun capable of firing a number, of shots simultaneously or successively without stopping to load. {Battery wagon}, a wagon employed to transport the tools and materials for repair of the carriages, etc., of the battery. {In battery}, projecting, as a gun, into an embrasure or over a parapet in readiness for firing. {Masked battery}, a battery artificially concealed until required to open upon the enemy. {Out of battery}, or {From battery}, withdrawn, as a gun, to a position for loading. 4. (Elec.) (a) A number of coated jars (Leyden jars) so connected that they may be charged and discharged simultaneously. (b) An apparatus for generating voltaic electricity. Note: In the trough battery, copper and zinc plates, connected in pairs, divide the trough into cells, which are filled with an acid or oxidizing liquid; the effect is exhibited when wires connected with the two end-plates are brought together. In Daniell's battery, the metals are zinc and copper, the former in dilute sulphuric acid, or a solution of sulphate of zinc, the latter in a saturated solution of sulphate of copper. A modification of this is the common gravity battery, so called from the automatic action of the two fluids, which are separated by their specific gravities. In Grove's battery, platinum is the metal used with zinc; two fluids are used, one of them in a porous cell surrounded by the other. In Bunsen's or the carbon battery, the carbon of gas coke is substituted for the platinum of Grove's. In Leclanch[82]'s battery, the elements are zinc in a solution of ammonium chloride, and gas carbon surrounded with manganese dioxide in a porous cell. A secondary battery is a battery which usually has the two plates of the same kind, generally of lead, in dilute sulphuric acid, and which, when traversed by an electric current, becomes charged, and is then capable of giving a current of itself for a time, owing to chemical changes produced by the charging current. A storage battery is a kind of secondary battery used for accumulating and storing the energy of electrical charges or currents, usually by means of chemical work done by them; an accumulator. 5. A number of similar machines or devices in position; an apparatus consisting of a set of similar parts; as, a battery of boilers, of retorts, condensers, etc. 6. (Metallurgy) A series of stamps operated by one motive power, for crushing ores containing the precious metals. --Knight. 7. The box in which the stamps for crushing ore play up and down. 8. (Baseball) The pitcher and catcher together. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bedrid \Bed"rid`\, Bedridden \Bed"rid`den\, a. [OE. bedrede, AS. bedreda, bedrida; from bed, bedd, a bed or couch + ridda a rider; cf. OHG. pettiriso, G. bettrise. See {Bed}, n., and {Ride}, v. i. ] Confined to the bed by sickness or infirmity. [bd]Her decrepit, sick, and bedrid father.[b8] --Shak. [bd]The estate of a bedridden old gentleman.[b8] --Macaulay. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bedrid \Bed"rid`\, Bedridden \Bed"rid`den\, a. [OE. bedrede, AS. bedreda, bedrida; from bed, bedd, a bed or couch + ridda a rider; cf. OHG. pettiriso, G. bettrise. See {Bed}, n., and {Ride}, v. i. ] Confined to the bed by sickness or infirmity. [bd]Her decrepit, sick, and bedrid father.[b8] --Shak. [bd]The estate of a bedridden old gentleman.[b8] --Macaulay. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bedward \Bed"ward\, adv. Towards bed. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Beet radish \Beet" rad`ish\ Same as {Beetrave}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Betray \Be*tray"\ (b[esl]*tr[amac]"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Betrayed} (-tr[amac]d"); p. pr. & vb. n. {Betraying}.] [OE. betraien, bitraien; pref. be- + OF. tra[8b]r to betray, F. trahir, fr. L. tradere. See {Traitor}.] 1. To deliver into the hands of an enemy by treachery or fraud, in violation of trust; to give up treacherously or faithlessly; as, an officer betrayed the city. Jesus said unto them, The Son of man shall be betrayed into the hands of men. --Matt. xvii. 22. 2. To prove faithless or treacherous to, as to a trust or one who trusts; to be false to; to deceive; as, to betray a person or a cause. But when I rise, I shall find my legs betraying me. --Johnson. 3. To violate the confidence of, by disclosing a secret, or that which one is bound in honor not to make known. Willing to serve or betray any government for hire. --Macaulay. 4. To disclose or discover, as something which prudence would conceal; to reveal unintentionally. Be swift to hear, but cautious of your tongue, lest you betray your ignorance. --T. Watts. 5. To mislead; to expose to inconvenience not foreseen to lead into error or sin. Genius . . . often betrays itself into great errors. --T. Watts. 6. To lead astray, as a maiden; to seduce (as under promise of marriage) and then abandon. 7. To show or to indicate; -- said of what is not obvious at first, or would otherwise be concealed. All the names in the country betray great antiquity. --Bryant. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Betroth \Be*troth"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Betrothed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Betrothing}.] [Pref. be- + troth, i. e., truth. See {Truth}.] 1. To contract to any one for a marriage; to engage or promise in order to marriage; to affiance; -- used esp. of a woman. He, in the first flower of my freshest age, Betrothed me unto the only heir. --Spenser. Ay, and we are betrothed. --Shak. 2. To promise to take (as a future spouse); to plight one's troth to. What man is there that hath betrothed a wife, and hath not taken her? --Deut. xx. 7. 3. To nominate to a bishopric, in order to consecration. --Ayliffe. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Betrothal \Be*troth"al\, n. The act of betrothing, or the fact of being betrothed; a mutual promise, engagement, or contract for a future marriage between the persons betrothed; betrothment; affiance. [bd]The feast of betrothal.[b8] --Longfellow. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Betroth \Be*troth"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Betrothed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Betrothing}.] [Pref. be- + troth, i. e., truth. See {Truth}.] 1. To contract to any one for a marriage; to engage or promise in order to marriage; to affiance; -- used esp. of a woman. He, in the first flower of my freshest age, Betrothed me unto the only heir. --Spenser. Ay, and we are betrothed. --Shak. 2. To promise to take (as a future spouse); to plight one's troth to. What man is there that hath betrothed a wife, and hath not taken her? --Deut. xx. 7. 3. To nominate to a bishopric, in order to consecration. --Ayliffe. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Betroth \Be*troth"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Betrothed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Betrothing}.] [Pref. be- + troth, i. e., truth. See {Truth}.] 1. To contract to any one for a marriage; to engage or promise in order to marriage; to affiance; -- used esp. of a woman. He, in the first flower of my freshest age, Betrothed me unto the only heir. --Spenser. Ay, and we are betrothed. --Shak. 2. To promise to take (as a future spouse); to plight one's troth to. What man is there that hath betrothed a wife, and hath not taken her? --Deut. xx. 7. 3. To nominate to a bishopric, in order to consecration. --Ayliffe. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Betrothment \Be*troth"ment\, n. The act of betrothing, or the state of being betrothed; betrothal. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Better \Bet"ter\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Bettered}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Bettering}.] [AS. beterian, betrian, fr. betera better. See {Better}, a.] 1. To improve or ameliorate; to increase the good qualities of. Love betters what is best. --Wordsworth. He thought to better his circumstances. --Thackeray. 2. To improve the condition of, morally, physically, financially, socially, or otherwise. The constant effort of every man to better himself. --Macaulay. 3. To surpass in excellence; to exceed; to excel. The works of nature do always aim at that which can not be bettered. --Hooker. 4. To give advantage to; to support; to advance the interest of. [Obs.] Weapons more violent, when next we meet, May serve to better us and worse our foes. --Milton. Syn: To improve; meliorate; ameliorate; mend; amend; correct; emend; reform; advance; promote. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bitartrate \Bi*tar"trate\, n. (Chem.) A salt of tartaric acid in which the base replaces but half the acid hydrogen; an acid tartrate, as cream of tartar. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rot \Rot\, n. 1. Process of rotting; decay; putrefaction. 2. (Bot.) A disease or decay in fruits, leaves, or wood, supposed to be caused by minute fungi. See {Bitter rot}, {Black rot}, etc., below. 3. [Cf. G. rotz glanders.] A fatal distemper which attacks sheep and sometimes other animals. It is due to the presence of a parasitic worm in the liver or gall bladder. See 1st {Fluke}, 2. His cattle must of rot and murrain die. --Milton. {Bitter rot} (Bot.), a disease of apples, caused by the fungus {Gl[91]osporium fructigenum}. --F. L. Scribner. {Black rot} (Bot.), a disease of grapevines, attacking the leaves and fruit, caused by the fungus {L[91]stadia Bidwellii}. --F. L. Scribner. {Dry rot} (Bot.) See under {Dry}. {Grinder's rot} (Med.) See under {Grinder}. {Potato rot}. (Bot.) See under {Potato}. {White rot} (Bot.), a disease of grapes, first appearing in whitish pustules on the fruit, caused by the fungus {Coniothyrium diplodiella}. --F. L. Scribner. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Calico \Cal"i*co\, n.; pl. {Calicoes}. [So called because first imported from Calicut, in the East Indies: cf. F. calicot.] 1. Plain white cloth made from cotton, but which receives distinctive names according to quality and use, as, super calicoes, shirting calicoes, unbleached calicoes, etc. [Eng.] The importation of printed or stained colicoes appears to have been coeval with the establishment of the East India Company. --Beck (Draper's Dict. ). 2. Cotton cloth printed with a figured pattern. Note: In the United States the term calico is applied only to the printed fabric. {Calico bass} (Zo[94]l.), an edible, fresh-water fish ({Pomoxys sparaides}) of the rivers and lake of the Western United States (esp. of the Misissippi valley.), allied to the sunfishes, and so called from its variegated colors; -- called also {calicoback}, {grass bass}, {strawberry bass}, {barfish}, and {bitterhead}. {Calico printing}, the art or process of impressing the figured patterns on calico. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bitterroot \Bit"ter*root`\, n. (Bot.) A plant ({Lewisia rediviva}) allied to the purslane, but with fleshy, farinaceous roots, growing in the mountains of Idaho, Montana, etc. It gives the name to the Bitter Root mountains and river. The Indians call both the plant and the river Sp[91]t'lum. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bitterweed \Bit"ter*weed`\, n. (Bot.) A species of Ambrosia ({A. artemisi[91]folia}); Roman worm wood. --Gray. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bitterwood \Bit"ter*wood`\, n. A West Indian tree ({Picr[91]na excelsa}) from the wood of which the bitter drug Jamaica quassia is obtained. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Botheration \Both`er*a"tion\, n. The act of bothering, or state of being bothered; cause of trouble; perplexity; annoyance; vexation. [Colloq.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bother \Both"er\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Bothered} ([?]); p. pr. & vb. n. {Bothering}.] [Cf. Ir. buaidhirt trouble, buaidhrim I vex.] To annoy; to trouble; to worry; to perplex. See {Pother}. Note: The imperative is sometimes used as an exclamation mildly imprecatory. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Botryoid \Bot"ry*oid\, Botryoidal \Bot`ry*oid"al\, a. [Gr. [?] cluster of grapes + -oid.] Having the form of a bunch of grapes; like a cluster of grapes, as a mineral presenting an aggregation of small spherical or spheroidal prominences. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Botryoid \Bot"ry*oid\, Botryoidal \Bot`ry*oid"al\, a. [Gr. [?] cluster of grapes + -oid.] Having the form of a bunch of grapes; like a cluster of grapes, as a mineral presenting an aggregation of small spherical or spheroidal prominences. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Muscardine \Mus`car*dine"\, n. [F.] A disease which is very destructive to silkworms, and which sometimes extends to other insects. It is attended by the development of a fungus (provisionally called {Botrytis bassiana}). Also, the fungus itself. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Butter \But"ter\ (b[ucr]t"t[etil]r), n. [OE. botere, butter, AS. butere, fr. L. butyrum, Gr. boy`tyron; either fr. boy`s ox, cow + tyro`s cheese; or, perhaps, of Scythian origin. Cf. {Cow}.] 1. An oily, unctuous substance obtained from cream or milk by churning. 2. Any substance resembling butter in degree of consistence, or other qualities, especially, in old chemistry, the chlorides, as butter of antimony, sesquichloride of antimony; also, certain concrete fat oils remaining nearly solid at ordinary temperatures, as butter of cacao, vegetable butter, shea butter. {Butter and eggs} (Bot.), a name given to several plants having flowers of two shades of yellow, as {Narcissus incomparabilis}, and in the United States to the toadflax ({Linaria vulgaris}). {Butter boat}, a small vessel for holding melted butter at table. {Butter flower}, the buttercup, a yellow flower. {Butter print}, a piece of carved wood used to mark pats of butter; -- called also {butter stamp}. --Locke. {Butter tooth}, either of the two middle incisors of the upper jaw. {Butter tree} (Bot.), a tree of the genus {Bassia}, the seeds of which yield a substance closely resembling butter. The butter tree of India is the {B. butyracea}; that of Africa is the Shea tree ({B. Parkii}). See {Shea tree}. {Butter trier}, a tool used in sampling butter. {Butter wife}, a woman who makes or sells butter; -- called also {butter woman}. [Obs. or Archaic] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Butter \But"ter\ (b[ucr]t"t[etil]r), n. [OE. botere, butter, AS. butere, fr. L. butyrum, Gr. boy`tyron; either fr. boy`s ox, cow + tyro`s cheese; or, perhaps, of Scythian origin. Cf. {Cow}.] 1. An oily, unctuous substance obtained from cream or milk by churning. 2. Any substance resembling butter in degree of consistence, or other qualities, especially, in old chemistry, the chlorides, as butter of antimony, sesquichloride of antimony; also, certain concrete fat oils remaining nearly solid at ordinary temperatures, as butter of cacao, vegetable butter, shea butter. {Butter and eggs} (Bot.), a name given to several plants having flowers of two shades of yellow, as {Narcissus incomparabilis}, and in the United States to the toadflax ({Linaria vulgaris}). {Butter boat}, a small vessel for holding melted butter at table. {Butter flower}, the buttercup, a yellow flower. {Butter print}, a piece of carved wood used to mark pats of butter; -- called also {butter stamp}. --Locke. {Butter tooth}, either of the two middle incisors of the upper jaw. {Butter tree} (Bot.), a tree of the genus {Bassia}, the seeds of which yield a substance closely resembling butter. The butter tree of India is the {B. butyracea}; that of Africa is the Shea tree ({B. Parkii}). See {Shea tree}. {Butter trier}, a tool used in sampling butter. {Butter wife}, a woman who makes or sells butter; -- called also {butter woman}. [Obs. or Archaic] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Butter \But"ter\ (b[ucr]t"t[etil]r), n. [OE. botere, butter, AS. butere, fr. L. butyrum, Gr. boy`tyron; either fr. boy`s ox, cow + tyro`s cheese; or, perhaps, of Scythian origin. Cf. {Cow}.] 1. An oily, unctuous substance obtained from cream or milk by churning. 2. Any substance resembling butter in degree of consistence, or other qualities, especially, in old chemistry, the chlorides, as butter of antimony, sesquichloride of antimony; also, certain concrete fat oils remaining nearly solid at ordinary temperatures, as butter of cacao, vegetable butter, shea butter. {Butter and eggs} (Bot.), a name given to several plants having flowers of two shades of yellow, as {Narcissus incomparabilis}, and in the United States to the toadflax ({Linaria vulgaris}). {Butter boat}, a small vessel for holding melted butter at table. {Butter flower}, the buttercup, a yellow flower. {Butter print}, a piece of carved wood used to mark pats of butter; -- called also {butter stamp}. --Locke. {Butter tooth}, either of the two middle incisors of the upper jaw. {Butter tree} (Bot.), a tree of the genus {Bassia}, the seeds of which yield a substance closely resembling butter. The butter tree of India is the {B. butyracea}; that of Africa is the Shea tree ({B. Parkii}). See {Shea tree}. {Butter trier}, a tool used in sampling butter. {Butter wife}, a woman who makes or sells butter; -- called also {butter woman}. [Obs. or Archaic] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Butter \But"ter\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Buttered} ([?]); p. pr. & vb. n. {Buttering}.] 1. To cover or spread with butter. I know what's what. I know on which side My bread is buttered. --Ford. 2. To increase, as stakes, at every throw or every game. [Cant] --Johnson. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Butterweed \But"ter*weed`\, n. (Bot.) An annual composite plant of the Mississippi valley ({Senecio lobatus}). | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Buttery \But"ter*y\, n.; pl. {Butteries}. [OE. botery, botry; cf. LL. botaria wine vessel; also OE. botelerie, fr. F. bouteillerie, fr. boutellie bottle. Not derived from butter. See {Bottle} a hollow vessel, {Butt} a cask.] 1. An apartment in a house where butter, milk and other provisions are kept. All that need a cool and fresh temper, as cellars, pantries, and butteries, to the north. --Sir H. Wotton. 2. A room in some English colleges where liquors, fruit, and refreshments are kept for sale to the students. And the major Oxford kept the buttery bar. --E. Hall. 3. A cellar in which butts of wine are kept. --Weale. {Buttery hatch}, a half door between the buttery or kitchen and the hall, in old mansions, over which provisions were passed. --Wright. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Hatch \Hatch\, n. [OE. hacche, AS. h[91]c, cf. haca the bar of a door, D. hek gate, Sw. h[84]ck coop, rack, Dan. hekke manger, rack. Prob. akin to E. hook, and first used of something made of pieces fastened together. Cf. {Heck}, {Hack} a frame.] 1. A door with an opening over it; a half door, sometimes set with spikes on the upper edge. In at the window, or else o'er the hatch. --Shak. 2. A frame or weir in a river, for catching fish. 3. A flood gate; a a sluice gate. --Ainsworth. 4. A bedstead. [Scot.] --Sir W. Scott. 5. An opening in the deck of a vessel or floor of a warehouse which serves as a passageway or hoistway; a hatchway; also; a cover or door, or one of the covers used in closing such an opening. 6. (Mining) An opening into, or in search of, a mine. {Booby hatch}, {Buttery hatch}, {Companion hatch}, etc. See under {Booby}, {Buttery}, etc. {To batten down the hatches} (Naut.), to lay tarpaulins over them, and secure them with battens. {To be under hatches}, to be confined below in a vessel; to be under arrest, or in slavery, distress, etc. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Butyrate \Bu"ty*rate\, n. (Chem.) A salt of butyric acid. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rood \Rood\ (r[oomac]d), n. [AS. r[omac]d a cross; akin to OS. r[omac]da, D. roede rod, G. ruthe, rute, OHG. ruota. Cf. {Rod} a measure.] 1. A representation in sculpture or in painting of the cross with Christ hanging on it. Note: Generally, the Trinity is represented, the Father as an elderly man fully clothed, with a nimbus around his head, and holding the cross on which the Son is represented as crucified, the Holy Spirit descending in the form of a dove near the Son's head. Figures of the Virgin Mary and of St. John are often placed near the principal figures. Savior, in thine image seen Bleeding on that precious rood. --Wordsworth. 2. A measure of five and a half yards in length; a rod; a perch; a pole. [Prov. Eng.] 3. The fourth part of an acre, or forty square rods. {By the rood}, by the cross; -- a phrase formerly used in swearing. [bd]No, by the rood, not so.[b8] --Shak. {Rood beam} (Arch.), a beam across the chancel of a church, supporting the rood. {Rood loft} (Arch.), a loft or gallery, in a church, on which the rood and its appendages were set up to view. --Gwilt. {Rood screen} (Arch.), a screen, between the choir and the body of the church, over which the rood was placed. --Fairholt. {Rood tower} (Arch.), a tower at the intersection of the nave and transept of a church; -- when crowned with a spire it was called also {rood steeple}. --Weale. {Rood tree}, the cross. [Obs.] [bd]Died upon the rood tree.[b8] --Gower. | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Betterton, MD (town, FIPS 7200) Location: 39.36697 N, 76.07251 W Population (1990): 360 (207 housing units) Area: 2.2 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 21610 | |
From Jargon File (4.2.0, 31 JAN 2000) [jargon]: | |
bit rot n. [common] Also {bit decay}. Hypothetical disease the existence of which has been deduced from the observation that unused programs or features will often stop working after sufficient time has passed, even if `nothing has changed'. The theory explains that bits decay as if they were radioactive. As time passes, the contents of a file or the code in a program will become increasingly garbled. There actually are physical processes that produce such effects (alpha particles generated by trace radionuclides in ceramic chip packages, for example, can change the contents of a computer memory unpredictably, and various kinds of subtle media failures can corrupt files in mass storage), but they are quite rare (and computers are built with error-detecting circuitry to compensate for them). The notion long favored among hackers that cosmic rays are among the causes of such events turns out to be a myth; see the {cosmic rays} entry for details. The term {software rot} is almost synonymous. Software rot is the effect, bit rot the notional cause. | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
baud rate {baud} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
beta reduction [{lambda-calculus}] The {application} of a {lambda abstraction} to an argument expression. A copy of the body of the lambda abstraction is made and occurrences of the {bound variable} being replaced by the argument. E.g. (\ x . x+1) 4 --> 4+1 Beta reduction is the only kind of {reduction} in the {pure lambda-calculus}. The opposite of beta reduction is {beta abstraction}. These are the two kinds of {beta conversion}. See also {name capture}. | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
bit rate {data rate} expressed in bits per second. This is a similar to {baud} but the latter is more applicable to channels with more than two states. The common units of bit rate are {kilobits per second} (Kbps) and {megabits per second} (Mbps). In data rates, the multipliers "k", "M", etc. stand for powers of 1000 not powers of 1024. The term is also commonly used when discussing digital {sampling} and {sample rates}. For example, the {MP3} audio {compaction} algorithm is often set to ouput files with a bitrate of 120 kbps. This means that the file contains an average of 120 kilobits for each second of audio (900 KB per minute). This compares with {CD audio} which is encoded at 44100 16-bit stereo samples per second or 1408 kbps. (2003-05-19) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
bit rot been deduced from the observation that unused programs or features will often stop working after sufficient time has passed, even if "nothing has changed". The theory explains that bits decay as if they were radioactive. As time passes, the contents of a file or the code in a program will become increasingly garbled. People with a physics background tend to prefer the variant "bit decay" for the analogy with particle decay. There actually are physical processes that produce such effects (alpha particles generated by trace radionuclides in ceramic chip packages, for example, can change the contents of a computer memory unpredictably, and various kinds of subtle media failures can corrupt files in mass storage), but they are quite rare (and computers are built with {error detection} circuitry to compensate for them). The notion long favoured among hackers that {cosmic rays} are among the causes of such events turns out to be a myth. Bit rot is the notional cause of {software rot}. See also {computron}, {quantum bogodynamics}. [{Jargon File}] (1998-03-15) | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Betroth to promise "by one's truth." Men and women were betrothed when they were engaged to be married. This usually took place a year or more before marriage. From the time of betrothal the woman was regarded as the lawful wife of the man to whom she was betrothed (Deut. 28:30; Judg. 14:2, 8; Matt. 1:18-21). The term is figuratively employed of the spiritual connection between God and his people (Hos. 2:19, 20). |