English Dictionary: nigher | by the DICT Development Group |
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: | |
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From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Nacker \Nack"er\, n. See {Nacre}. --Johnson. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Nacre \Na"cre\, n. [F., cf. Sp. n[a0]cara, n[a0]car, It. nacchera, naccaro, LL. nacara, nacrum; of Oriental origin, cf. Ar. nak[c6]r hollowed.] (Zo[94]l.) A pearly substance which lines the interior of many shells, and is most perfect in the mother-of-pearl. [Written also {nacker} and {naker}.] See {Pearl}, and {Mother-of-pearl}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Nacker \Nack"er\, n. See {Nacre}. --Johnson. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Nacre \Na"cre\, n. [F., cf. Sp. n[a0]cara, n[a0]car, It. nacchera, naccaro, LL. nacara, nacrum; of Oriental origin, cf. Ar. nak[c6]r hollowed.] (Zo[94]l.) A pearly substance which lines the interior of many shells, and is most perfect in the mother-of-pearl. [Written also {nacker} and {naker}.] See {Pearl}, and {Mother-of-pearl}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Nacre \Na"cre\, n. [F., cf. Sp. n[a0]cara, n[a0]car, It. nacchera, naccaro, LL. nacara, nacrum; of Oriental origin, cf. Ar. nak[c6]r hollowed.] (Zo[94]l.) A pearly substance which lines the interior of many shells, and is most perfect in the mother-of-pearl. [Written also {nacker} and {naker}.] See {Pearl}, and {Mother-of-pearl}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Nacre \Na"cre\, n. [F., cf. Sp. n[a0]cara, n[a0]car, It. nacchera, naccaro, LL. nacara, nacrum; of Oriental origin, cf. Ar. nak[c6]r hollowed.] (Zo[94]l.) A pearly substance which lines the interior of many shells, and is most perfect in the mother-of-pearl. [Written also {nacker} and {naker}.] See {Pearl}, and {Mother-of-pearl}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Naker \Na"ker\, n. [OE. nakere, F. nakaire, LL. nacara, Per. naq[be]ret.] A kind of kettledrum. [Obs.] -- Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Naker \Na"ker\, n. (Zo[94]l.) Same as {Nacre}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Nacre \Na"cre\, n. [F., cf. Sp. n[a0]cara, n[a0]car, It. nacchera, naccaro, LL. nacara, nacrum; of Oriental origin, cf. Ar. nak[c6]r hollowed.] (Zo[94]l.) A pearly substance which lines the interior of many shells, and is most perfect in the mother-of-pearl. [Written also {nacker} and {naker}.] See {Pearl}, and {Mother-of-pearl}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Naker \Na"ker\, n. [OE. nakere, F. nakaire, LL. nacara, Per. naq[be]ret.] A kind of kettledrum. [Obs.] -- Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Naker \Na"ker\, n. (Zo[94]l.) Same as {Nacre}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Neckwear \Neck"wear`\, n. A collective term for cravats, collars, etc. [Colloq. or trade name] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Negro \Ne"gro\, n.; pl. {Negroes}. [Sp. or Pg. negro, fr. negro black, L. niger; perh. akin to E. night.] A black man; especially, one of a race of black or very dark persons who inhabit the greater part of tropical Africa, and are distinguished by crisped or curly hair, flat noses, and thick protruding lips; also, any black person of unmixed African blood, wherever found. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Negro \Ne"gro\, a. Of or pertaining to negroes; black. {Negro bug} (Zo[94]l.), a minute black bug common on the raspberry and blackberry. It produced a very disagreeable flavor. {negro corn}, the Indian millet or durra; -- so called in the West Indies. see {Durra}. --McElrath. {Negro fly} (Zo[94]l.), a black dipterous fly ({Psila ros[91]}) which, in the larval state, is injurious to carrots; -- called also {carrot fly}. {Negro head} (Com.), Cavendish tobacco. [Cant] --McElrath. {Negro monkey} (Zo[94]l.), the moor monkey. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Nice \Nice\, a. [Compar. {Nicer}; superl. {Nicest}.] [OE., foolish, fr. OF. nice ignorant, fool, fr. L. nescius ignorant; ne not + scius knowing, scire to know. perhaps influenced by E. nesh delicate, soft. See {No}, and {Science}.] 1. Foolish; silly; simple; ignorant; also, weak; effeminate. [Obs.] --Gower. But say that we ben wise and nothing nice. --Chaucer. 2. Of trifling moment; nimportant; trivial. [Obs.] The letter was not nice, but full of charge Of dear import. --Shak. 3. Overscrupulous or exacting; hard to please or satisfy; fastidious in small matters. Curious not knowing, not exact but nice. --Pope. And to taste Think not I shall be nice. --Milton. 4. Delicate; refined; dainty; pure. Dear love, continue nice and chaste. --Donne. A nice and subtile happiness. --Milton. 5. Apprehending slight differences or delicate distinctions; distinguishing accurately or minutely; carefully discriminating; as, a nice taste or judgment. [bd]Our author happy in a judge so nice.[b8] --Pope. [bd]Nice verbal criticism.[b8] --Coleridge. 6. Done or made with careful labor; suited to excite admiration on account of exactness; evidencing great skill; exact; fine; finished; as, nice proportions, nice workmanship, a nice application; exactly or fastidiously discriminated; requiring close discrimination; as, a nice point of law, a nice distinction in philosophy. The difference is too nice Where ends the virtue, or begins the vice. --Pope. 7. Pleasing; agreeable; gratifying; delightful; good; as, a nice party; a nice excursion; a nice person; a nice day; a nice sauce, etc. [Loosely & Colloquially] {To make nice of}, to be scrupulous about. [Obs.] --Shak. Syn: Dainty; delicate; exquisite; fine; accurate; exact; correct; precise; particular; scrupulous; punctilious; fastidious; squeamish; finical; effeminate; silly. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Nicery \Ni"cer*y\, n. Nicety. [Colloq.] --Chapman. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Nicker \Nick"er\, n. [From {Nick}, v. t.] 1. One of the night brawlers of London formerly noted for breaking windows with half-pence. [Cant] --Arbuthnot. 2. The cutting lip which projects downward at the edge of a boring bit and cuts a circular groove in the wood to limit the size of the hole that is bored. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Nigger \Nig"ger\, n. A negro; -- in vulgar derision or depreciation. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Nigh \Nigh\, a. [Compar. {Nigher}; superl. {Nighest}, or {Next}.] [OE. nigh, neigh, neih, AS. ne[a0]h, n[?]h; akin to D. na, adv., OS. n[be]h, a., OHG. n[be]h, G. nah, a., nach to, after, Icel. n[be] (in comp.) nigh, Goth. n[?]hw, n[?]hwa, adv., nigh. Cf. {Near}, {Neighbor}, {Next}.] 1. Not distant or remote in place or time; near. The loud tumult shows the battle nigh. --Prior. 2. Not remote in degree, kindred, circumstances, etc.; closely allied; intimate. [bd]Nigh kinsmen.[b8] --Knolles. Ye . . . are made nigh by the blood of Christ. --Eph. ii. 13. Syn: Near; close; adjacent; contiguous; present; neighboring. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Noisy \Nois"y\, a. [Compar. {Noisier}; superl. {Noisiest}.] [From {Noise}.] 1. Making a noise, esp. a loud sound; clamorous; vociferous; turbulent; boisterous; as, the noisy crowd. 2. Full of noise. [bd]The noisy town.[b8] --Dryden. | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
New Square, NY (village, FIPS 50705) Location: 41.13965 N, 74.02861 W Population (1990): 2605 (445 housing units) Area: 0.9 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Niagara, ND (city, FIPS 56780) Location: 47.99736 N, 97.87046 W Population (1990): 73 (37 housing units) Area: 2.4 sq km (land), 0.1 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 58266 Niagara, WI (village, FIPS 57325) Location: 45.78010 N, 88.00222 W Population (1990): 1999 (826 housing units) Area: 7.1 sq km (land), 0.7 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 54151 | |
From Jargon File (4.2.0, 31 JAN 2000) [jargon]: | |
nagware /nag'weir/ n. [Usenet] The variety of {shareware} that displays a large screen at the beginning or end reminding you to register, typically requiring some sort of keystroke to continue so that you can't use the software in batch mode. Compare {annoyware}, {crippleware}. | |
From Jargon File (4.2.0, 31 JAN 2000) [jargon]: | |
nugry /n[y]oo'gree/ [Usenet, 'newbie' + '-gry'] `. n. A {newbie} who posts a {FAQ} in the rec.puzzles newsgroup, especially if it is a variant of the notorious and unanswerable "What, besides `angry' and `hungry', is the third common English word that ends in -GRY?". In the newsgroup, the canonical answer is of course `nugry' itself. Plural is `nusgry' /n[y]oos'gree/. 2. adj. Having the qualities of a nugry. | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
nagware /nag'weir/ [{Usenet}] The variety of {shareware} that displays a large screen at the beginning or end reminding you to register, typically requiring some sort of keystroke to continue so that you can't use the software in batch mode. Compare {crippleware}. [{Jargon File}] | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
NEXOR electronic communication software products and services to a worldwide market. It is also the home of {CUSI}. {Home (http://www.nexor.com/)}. (1997-11-10) | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Niger black, a surname of Simeon (Acts 13:1). He was probably so called from his dark complexion. | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Nachor, same as Nahor | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Niger, black | |
From The CIA World Factbook (1995) [world95]: | |
Niger Niger:Geography Location: Western Africa, southeast of Algeria Map references: Africa Area: total area: 1.267 million sq km land area: 1,266,700 sq km comparative area: slightly less than twice the size of Texas Land boundaries: total 5,697 km, Algeria 956 km, Benin 266 km, Burkina 628 km, Chad 1,175 km, Libya 354 km, Mali 821 km, Nigeria 1,497 km Coastline: 0 km (landlocked) Maritime claims: none; landlocked International disputes: Libya claims about 19,400 sq km in northern Niger; demarcation of international boundaries in Lake Chad, the lack of which has led to border incidents in the past, is completed and awaiting ratification by Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria; Burkina and Mali are proceeding with boundary demarcation, including the tripoint with Niger Climate: desert; mostly hot, dry, dusty; tropical in extreme south Terrain: predominately desert plains and sand dunes; flat to rolling plains in south; hills in north Natural resources: uranium, coal, iron ore, tin, phosphates Land use: arable land: 3% permanent crops: 0% meadows and pastures: 7% forest and woodland: 2% other: 88% Irrigated land: 320 sq km (1989 est.) Environment: current issues: overgrazing; soil erosion; deforestation; desertification; wildlife populations (such as elephant, hippopotamus, and lion) threatened because of poaching and habitat destruction natural hazards: recurring droughts international agreements: party to - Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands; signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea Note: landlocked Niger:People Population: 9,280,208 (July 1995 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 49% (female 2,275,338; male 2,275,999) 15-64 years: 49% (female 2,314,857; male 2,188,938) 65 years and over: 2% (female 107,432; male 117,644) (July 1995 est.) Population growth rate: 3.4% (1995 est.) Birth rate: 54.8 births/1,000 population (1995 est.) Death rate: 20.8 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.) Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.) Infant mortality rate: 109.3 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 45.07 years male: 43.42 years female: 46.77 years (1995 est.) Total fertility rate: 7.35 children born/woman (1995 est.) Nationality: noun: Nigerien(s) adjective: Nigerien Ethnic divisions: Hausa 56%, Djerma 22%, Fula 8.5%, Tuareg 8%, Beri Beri (Kanouri) 4.3%, Arab, Toubou, and Gourmantche 1.2%, about 4,000 French expatriates Religions: Muslim 80%, remainder indigenous beliefs and Christians Languages: French (official), Hausa, Djerma Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1988) total population: 11% male: 17% female: 5% Labor force: 2.5 million wage earners (1982) by occupation: agriculture 90%, industry and commerce 6%, government 4% Niger:Government Names: conventional long form: Republic of Niger conventional short form: Niger local long form: Republique du Niger local short form: Niger Digraph: NG Type: republic Capital: Niamey Administrative divisions: 7 departments (departements, singular - departement); Agadez, Diffa, Dosso, Maradi, Niamey, Tahoua, Zinder Independence: 3 August 1960 (from France) National holiday: Republic Day, 18 December (1958) Constitution: approved by national referendum 16 December 1992; promulgated January 1993 Legal system: based on French civil law system and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal Executive branch: chief of state: President Mahamane OUSMANE (since 16 April 1993); election last held 17 March 1993 (next to be held NA February 1998) head of government: Prime Minister Hama AMADOU (since 21 February 1995) cabinet: Cabinet; appointed by the president on recommendation of the prime minister Legislative branch: unicameral National Assembly: elected by proportional representation for 5 year terms; elections last held 12 January 1995 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (83 total) MNSD-NASSARA 29, CDS 24, PNDS 12, ANDP-Z 9, UDFP 3, UDPS 2, PADN 2, PPN-RDA 1, UPDP 1 Judicial branch: State Court (Cour d'Etat), Court of Appeal (Cour d'Apel) Political parties and leaders: National Movement of the Development Society (MNSD-NASSARA), Mamadou TANDJA, chairman; Democratic and Social Convention (CDS), Jacoub SANOUSSI; Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism (PNDS), Mahamadou ISSOUFOU; Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress-Zamanlahia (ANDP-Z), Moumouni Adamou DJERMAKOYE; Union of Popular Forces for Democracy and Progress-Sawaba (UDFP), Djibo BAKARY, chairman; Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS), Akoli DAOUEL; Niger Social Democrat Party (PADN), Malam Adji WAZIRI; Niger Progressive Party-African Democratic Rally (PPN-RDA), Dori ABDOULAI, chairman; Union of Patriots, Democrats, and Progressives (UPDP), Professor Andre SALIFOU, chairman Member of: ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, CEAO, ECA, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WADB, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO Diplomatic representation in US: chief of mission: Ambassador Adamou SEYDOU chancery: 2204 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 483-4224 through 4227 US diplomatic representation: chief of mission: Ambassador John S. DAVISON embassy: Rue Des Ambassades, Niamey mailing address: B. P. 11201, Niamey telephone: [227] 72 26 61 through 72 26 64 FAX: [227] 73 31 67 Flag: three equal horizontal bands of orange (top), white, and green with a small orange disk (representing the sun) centered in the white band; similar to the flag of India, which has a blue spoked wheel centered in the white band Economy Overview: Niger is one of the world's poorest countries, with GDP growth lagging behind the rapid growth of population. The economy is centered on subsistence agriculture, animal husbandry, and reexport trade, and increasingly less on uranium, its major export throughout the 1970s and 1980s. Uranium revenues dropped by almost 50% between 1983 and 1990 with the end of the uranium boom. Terms of trade with Nigeria, Niger's largest regional trade partner, have improved dramatically since the 50% devaluation of the African franc in January 1994; this devaluation boosted exports of livestock, peas, onions, and the products of Niger's small cotton industry. The government relies on bilateral and multilateral aid for operating expenses and public investment and is strongly induced to adhere to structural adjustment programs designed by the IMF and the World Bank. National product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $4.6 billion (1993 est.) National product real growth rate: 1.4% (1993 est.) National product per capita: $550 (1994 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): NA% Unemployment rate: NA% Budget: revenues: $188 million expenditures: $400 million, including capital expenditures of $125 million (1993 est.) Exports: $246 million (f.o.b., 1993 est.) commodities: uranium ore 67%, livestock products 20%, cowpeas, onions partners: France 77%, Nigeria 8%, Cote d'Ivoire, Italy Imports: $286 million (c.i.f., 1993 est.) commodities: consumer goods, primary materials, machinery, vehicles and parts, petroleum, cereals partners: France 23%, Cote d'Ivoire, Germany, Italy, Japan External debt: $1.2 billion (December 1991 est.) Industrial production: growth rate -2.7% (1992 est.); accounts for 15% of GDP Electricity: capacity: 60,000 kW production: 200 million kWh consumption per capita: 42 kWh (1992) Industries: cement, brick, textiles, food processing, chemicals, slaughterhouses, and a few other small light industries; uranium mining began in 1971 Agriculture: accounts for roughly 40% of GDP and 90% of labor force; cash crops - cowpeas, cotton, peanuts; food crops - millet, sorghum, cassava, rice; livestock - cattle, sheep, goats; self-sufficient in food except in drought years Economic aid: recipient: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $380 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $3.165 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $504 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $61 million Currency: 1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes Exchange rates: Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 529.43 (January 1995), 555.20 (1994), 283.16 (1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990) note: the official rate is pegged to the French franc, and beginning 12 January 1994, the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per French franc from CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948 Fiscal year: 1 October - 30 September Niger:Transportation Railroads: 0 km Highways: total: 39,970 km paved: bituminous 3,170 km unpaved: gravel, laterite 10,330 km; earth 3,470 km; tracks 23,000 km Inland waterways: Niger River is navigable 300 km from Niamey to Gaya on the Benin frontier from mid-December through March Ports: none Airports: total: 29 with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 6 with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 1 with paved runways under 914 m: 3 with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m: 1 with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 16 Niger:Communications Telephone system: 14,260 telephones; small system of wire, radiocommunications, and radio relay links concentrated in southwestern area local: NA intercity: wire, radiocommunications, and radio relay; 3 domestic satellite links, with 1 planned international: 2 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) earth stations Radio: broadcast stations: AM 15, FM 5, shortwave 0 radios: NA Television: broadcast stations: 18 televisions: NA Niger:Defense Forces Branches: Army, Air Force, National Gendarmerie, Republican Guard, National Police Manpower availability: males age 15-49 1,908,767; males fit for military service 1,029,384; males reach military age (18) annually 94,506 (1995 est.) Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $32 million, 1.3% of GDP (FY92/93) | |
From The CIA World Factbook (1995) [world95]: | |
Nigeria Nigeria:Geography Location: Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Benin and Cameroon Map references: Africa Area: total area: 923,770 sq km land area: 910,770 sq km comparative area: slightly more than twice the size of California Land boundaries: total 4,047 km, Benin 773 km, Cameroon 1,690 km, Chad 87 km, Niger 1,497 km Coastline: 853 km Maritime claims: continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive economic zone: 200 nm territorial sea: 30 nm International disputes: demarcation of international boundaries in Lake Chad, the lack of which led to border incidents in the past, is completed and awaits ratification by Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria; dispute with Cameroon over land and maritime boundaries in the vicinity of the Bakasi Peninsula has been referred to the International Court of Justice Climate: varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north Terrain: southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north Natural resources: petroleum, tin, columbite, iron ore, coal, limestone, lead, zinc, natural gas Land use: arable land: 31% permanent crops: 3% meadows and pastures: 23% forest and woodland: 15% other: 28% Irrigated land: 8,650 sq km (1989 est.) Environment: current issues: soil degradation; rapid deforestation; desertification; recent droughts in north severely affecting marginal agricultural activities natural hazards: periodic droughts international agreements: party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection Nigeria:People Population: 101,232,251 (July 1995 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 45% (female 22,643,026; male 22,850,322) 15-64 years: 52% (female 25,842,286; male 26,978,906) 65 years and over: 3% (female 1,438,392; male 1,479,319) (July 1995 est.) Population growth rate: 3.16% (1995 est.) Birth rate: 43.26 births/1,000 population (1995 est.) Death rate: 12.01 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.) Net migration rate: 0.35 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.) Infant mortality rate: 72.6 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 55.98 years male: 54.69 years female: 57.3 years (1995 est.) Total fertility rate: 6.31 children born/woman (1995 est.) Nationality: noun: Nigerian(s) adjective: Nigerian Ethnic divisions: north: Hausa and Fulani southwest: Yoruba southeast: Ibos non-Africans 27,000 note: Hausa and Fulani, Yoruba, and Ibos together make up 65% of population Religions: Muslim 50%, Christian 40%, indigenous beliefs 10% Languages: English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Ibo, Fulani Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.) total population: 51% male: 62% female: 40% Labor force: 42.844 million by occupation: agriculture 54%, industry, commerce, and services 19%, government 15% Nigeria:Government Names: conventional long form: Federal Republic of Nigeria conventional short form: Nigeria Digraph: NI Type: military government since 31 December 1983; plans to institute a constitutional conference to prepare for a new transition to civilian rule after plans for a transition in 1993 were negated by General BABANGIDA Capital: Abuja note: on 12 December 1991 the capital was officially moved from Lagos to Abuja; many government offices remain in Lagos pending completion of facilities in Abuja Administrative divisions: 30 states and 1 territory*; Abia, Abuja Capital Territory*, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Edo, Enugu, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe Independence: 1 October 1960 (from UK) National holiday: Independence Day, 1 October (1960) Constitution: 1979 constitution still in force; plan for 1989 constitution to take effect in 1993 was not implemented Legal system: based on English common law, Islamic law, and tribal law Suffrage: 21 years of age; universal Executive branch: chief of state and head of government: Chairman of the Provisional Ruling Council and Commander in Chief of Armed Forces and Defense Minister Gen. Sani ABACHA (since 17 November 1993); Vice-Chairman of the Provisional Ruling Council Oladipo DIYA (since 17 November 1993) cabinet: Federal Executive Council Legislative branch: bicameral National Assembly Senate: suspended after coup of 17 November 1993 House of Representatives: suspended after coup of 17 November 1993 Judicial branch: Supreme Court, Federal Court of Appeal Political parties and leaders: note: two political party system suspended after the coup of 17 November 1993 Member of: ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-15, G-19, G-24, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, MINURSO, NAM, OAU, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNAMIR, UNAVEM II, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNPROFOR, UNU, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WMO, WTO Diplomatic representation in US: chief of mission: Ambassador Zubair Mahmud KAZAURE chancery: 1333 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 986-8400 consulate(s) general: New York US diplomatic representation: chief of mission: Ambassador Walter C. CARRINGTON embassy: 2 Eleke Crescent, Lagos mailing address: P. O. Box 554, Lagos telephone: [234] (1) 261-0097 FAX: [234] (1) 261-0257 branch office: Abuja consulate(s) general: Kaduna Flag: three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green Economy Overview: The oil-rich Nigerian economy continues to be hobbled by political instability and poor macroeconomic management. Nigeria's unpopular military rulers show no sign of wanting to restore democratic civilian rule in the near future and appear divided on how to redress fundamental economic imbalances that cause troublesome inflation and the steady depreciation of the naira. The government's domestic and international arrears continue to limit economic growth - even in the oil sector - and prevent an agreement with the IMF and bilateral creditors on debt relief. The inefficient (largely subsistence) agricultural sector has failed to keep up with rapid population growth, and Nigeria, once a large net exporter of food, now must import food. National product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $122.6 billion (1994 est.) National product real growth rate: -0.8% (1994 est.) National product per capita: $1,250 (1994 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 53% (1993 est.) Unemployment rate: 28% (1992 est.) Budget: revenues: $9 billion expenditures: $10.8 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1992 est.) Exports: $11.9 billion (f.o.b., 1992) commodities: oil 95%, cocoa, rubber partners: US 54%, EC 23% Imports: $8.3 billion (c.i.f., 1992) commodities: machinery and equipment, manufactured goods, food and animals partners: EC 64%, US 10%, Japan 7% External debt: $29.5 billion (1992) Industrial production: growth rate 7.7% (1991); accounts for 43% of GDP, including petroleum Electricity: capacity: 4,570,000 kW production: 11.3 billion kWh consumption per capita: 109 kWh (1993) Industries: crude oil and mining - coal, tin, columbite; primary processing industries - palm oil, peanut, cotton, rubber, wood, hides and skins; manufacturing industries - textiles, cement, building materials, food products, footwear, chemical, printing, ceramics, steel Agriculture: accounts for 35% of GDP and half of labor force; cash crops - cocoa, peanuts, palm oil, rubber; food crops - corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava, yams; livestock - cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; fishing and forestry resources extensively exploited Illicit drugs: passenger and cargo air hub for West Africa; facilitates movement of heroin en route from Southeast and Southwest Asia to Western Europe and North America; increasingly a transit route for cocaine from South America intended for West European, East Asian, and North American markets Economic aid: recipient: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $705 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $3 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $2.2 billion Currency: 1 naira (N) = 100 kobo Exchange rates: naira (N) per US$1 - 21.996 (January 1995), 21.996 (1994), 22.065 (1993), 17.298 (1992), 9.909 (1991), 8.038 (1990) Fiscal year: calendar year Nigeria:Transportation Railroads: total: 3,567 km narrow gauge: 3,505 km 1.067-m gauge standard gauge: 62 km 1.435-m gauge Highways: total: 107,990 km paved: mostly bituminous-surface treatment 30,019 km unpaved: gravel, crushed stone, improved earth 25,411 km; unimproved earth 52,560 km Inland waterways: 8,575 km consisting of Niger and Benue Rivers and smaller rivers and creeks Pipelines: crude oil 2,042 km; petroleum products 3,000 km; natural gas 500 km Ports: Calabar, Lagos, Onne, Port Harcourt, Sapele, Warri Merchant marine: total: 32 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 404,064 GRT/661,850 DWT ships by type: bulk 1, cargo 14, chemical tanker 3, liquefied gas tanker 1, oil tanker 12, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1 Airports: total: 80 with paved runways over 3,047 m: 6 with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 10 with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 10 with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 7 with paved runways under 914 m: 25 with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m: 1 with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 21 Nigeria:Communications Telephone system: NA telephones; above-average system limited by poor maintenance; major expansion in progress local: NA intercity: microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, and 20 domestic satellite earth stations carry intercity traffic international: 3 INTELSAT earth stations (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 coaxial submarine cable carry international traffic Radio: broadcast stations: AM 35, FM 17, shortwave 0 radios: NA Television: broadcast stations: 28 televisions: NA Nigeria:Defense Forces Branches: Army, Navy, Air Force, paramilitary Police Force Manpower availability: males age 15-49 23,167,009; males fit for military service 13,246,223; males reach military age (18) annually 1,024,059 (1995 est.) Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $172 million, about 1% of GDP (1992) |