English Dictionary: blackheart cherry | by the DICT Development Group |
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From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Barberry \Bar"ber*ry\, n. [OE. barbarin, barbere, OF. berbere.] (Bot.) A shrub of the genus {Berberis}, common along roadsides and in neglected fields. {B. vulgaris} is the species best known; its oblong red berries are made into a preserve or sauce, and have been deemed efficacious in fluxes and fevers. The bark dyes a fine yellow, esp. the bark of the root. [Also spelt {berberry}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Balas ruby \Bal"as ru`by\ [OE. bales, balais, F. balais, LL. balascus, fr. Ar. balakhsh, so called from Badakhshan, Balashan, or Balaxiam, a place in the neighborhood of Samarcand, where this ruby is found.] (Min.) A variety of spinel ruby, of a pale rose red, or inclining to orange. See {Spinel}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Balker \Balk"er\, n. [See 2d {Balk}.] One who, or that which balks. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Balker \Balk"er\, n. [See last {Balk}.] A person who stands on a rock or eminence to espy the shoals of herring, etc., and to give notice to the men in boats which way they pass; a conder; a huer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ball \Ball\ (b[add]l), n. [OE. bal, balle; akin to OHG. balla, palla, G. ball, Icel. b[94]llr, ball; cf. F. balle. Cf. 1st {Bale}, n., {Pallmall}.] 1. Any round or roundish body or mass; a sphere or globe; as, a ball of twine; a ball of snow. 2. A spherical body of any substance or size used to play with, as by throwing, knocking, kicking, etc. 3. A general name for games in which a ball is thrown, kicked, or knocked. See {Baseball}, and {Football}. 4. Any solid spherical, cylindrical, or conical projectile of lead or iron, to be discharged from a firearm; as, a cannon ball; a rifle ball; -- often used collectively; as, powder and ball. Spherical balls for the smaller firearms are commonly called {bullets}. 5. (Pyrotechnics & Mil.) A flaming, roundish body shot into the air; a case filled with combustibles intended to burst and give light or set fire, or to produce smoke or stench; as, a fire ball; a stink ball. 6. (Print.) A leather-covered cushion, fastened to a handle called a ballstock; -- formerly used by printers for inking the form, but now superseded by the roller. 7. A roundish protuberant portion of some part of the body; as, the ball of the thumb; the ball of the foot. 8. (Far.) A large pill, a form in which medicine is commonly given to horses; a bolus. --White. 9. The globe or earth. --Pope. Move round the dark terrestrial ball. --Addison. {Ball and socket joint}, a joint in which a ball moves within a socket, so as to admit of motion in every direction within certain limits. {Ball bearings}, a mechanical device for lessening the friction of axle bearings by means of small loose metal balls. {Ball cartridge}, a cartridge containing a ball, as distinguished from a blank cartridge, containing only powder. {Ball cock}, a faucet or valve which is opened or closed by the fall or rise of a ball floating in water at the end of a lever. {Ball gudgeon}, a pivot of a spherical form, which permits lateral deflection of the arbor or shaft, while retaining the pivot in its socket. --Knight. {Ball lever}, the lever used in a ball cock. {Ball of the eye}, the eye itself, as distinguished from its lids and socket; -- formerly, the pupil of the eye. {Ball valve} (Mach.), a contrivance by which a ball, placed in a circular cup with a hole in its bottom, operates as a valve. {Ball vein} (Mining), a sort of iron ore, found in loose masses of a globular form, containing sparkling particles. {Three balls}, or {Three golden balls}, a pawnbroker's sign or shop. Syn: See {Globe}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cartridge \Car"tridge\ (k[aum]r"tr[icr]j), n. [Formerly cartrage, corrupted fr. F. cartouche. See {Cartouch}.] (Mil.) A complete charge for a firearm, contained in, or held together by, a case, capsule, or shell of metal, pasteboard, or other material. {Ball cartridge}, a cartridge containing a projectile. {Blank cartridge}, a cartridge without a projectile. {Center-fire cartridge}, a cartridge in which the fulminate occupies an axial position usually in the center of the base of the capsule, instead of being contained in its rim. In the Prussian needle gun the fulminate is applied to the middle of the base of the bullet. {Rim-fire cartridge}, a cartridge in which the fulminate is contained in a rim surrounding its base. {Cartridge bag}, a bag of woolen cloth, to hold a charge for a cannon. {Cartridge belt}, a belt having pockets for cartridges. {Cartridge box}, a case, usually of leather, attached to a belt or strap, for holding cartridges. {Cartridge paper}. (a) A thick stout paper for inclosing cartridges. (b) A rough tinted paper used for covering walls, and also for making drawings upon. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Belcher \Belch"er\, n. One who, or that which, belches. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Beleaguer \Be*lea"guer\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Beleaguered}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Beleaguering}.] [D. belegeren (akin to G. belagern, Sw. bel[84]gra, Dan. beleire); pref. be- = E. be- + leger bed, camp, army, akin to E. lair. See {Lair}.] To surround with an army so as to preclude escape; to besiege; to blockade. The wail of famine in beleaguered towns. --Longfellow. Syn: To block up; environ; invest; encompass. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Beleaguer \Be*lea"guer\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Beleaguered}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Beleaguering}.] [D. belegeren (akin to G. belagern, Sw. bel[84]gra, Dan. beleire); pref. be- = E. be- + leger bed, camp, army, akin to E. lair. See {Lair}.] To surround with an army so as to preclude escape; to besiege; to blockade. The wail of famine in beleaguered towns. --Longfellow. Syn: To block up; environ; invest; encompass. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Beleaguerer \Be*lea"guer*er\, n. One who beleaguers. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Beleaguer \Be*lea"guer\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Beleaguered}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Beleaguering}.] [D. belegeren (akin to G. belagern, Sw. bel[84]gra, Dan. beleire); pref. be- = E. be- + leger bed, camp, army, akin to E. lair. See {Lair}.] To surround with an army so as to preclude escape; to besiege; to blockade. The wail of famine in beleaguered towns. --Longfellow. Syn: To block up; environ; invest; encompass. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Belgard \Bel*gard"\, n. [It. bel guardo.] A sweet or loving look. [Obs.] --Spenser. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Belgravian \Bel*gra"vi*an\, a. Belonging to Belgravia (a fashionable quarter of London, around Pimlico), or to fashionable life; aristocratic. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bell \Bell\, n. [AS. belle, fr. bellan to bellow. See {Bellow}.] 1. A hollow metallic vessel, usually shaped somewhat like a cup with a flaring mouth, containing a clapper or tongue, and giving forth a ringing sound on being struck. Note: Bells have been made of various metals, but the best have always been, as now, of an alloy of copper and tin. {The Liberty Bell}, the famous bell of the Philadelphia State House, which rang when the Continental Congress declared the Independence of the United States, in 1776. It had been cast in 1753, and upon it were the words [bd]Proclaim liberty throughout all the land, to all the inhabitants thereof.[b8] 2. A hollow perforated sphere of metal containing a loose ball which causes it to sound when moved. 3. Anything in the form of a bell, as the cup or corol of a flower. [bd]In a cowslip's bell I lie.[b8] --Shak. 4. (Arch.) That part of the capital of a column included between the abacus and neck molding; also used for the naked core of nearly cylindrical shape, assumed to exist within the leafage of a capital. 5. pl. (Naut.) The strikes of the bell which mark the time; or the time so designated. Note: On shipboard, time is marked by a bell, which is struck eight times at 4, 8, and 12 o'clock. Half an hour after it has struck [bd]eight bells[b8] it is struck once, and at every succeeding half hour the number of strokes is increased by one, till at the end of the four hours, which constitute a watch, it is struck eight times. {To bear away the bell}, to win the prize at a race where the prize was a bell; hence, to be superior in something. --Fuller. {To bear the bell}, to be the first or leader; -- in allusion to the bellwether or a flock, or the leading animal of a team or drove, when wearing a bell. {To curse by bell}, {book}, {and candle}, a solemn form of excommunication used in the Roman Catholic church, the bell being tolled, the book of offices for the purpose being used, and three candles being extinguished with certain ceremonies. --Nares. {To lose the bell}, to be worsted in a contest. [bd]In single fight he lost the bell.[b8] --Fairfax. {To shake the bells}, to move, give notice, or alarm. --Shak. Note: Bell is much used adjectively or in combinations; as, bell clapper; bell foundry; bell hanger; bell-mouthed; bell tower, etc., which, for the most part, are self-explaining. {Bell arch} (Arch.), an arch of unusual form, following the curve of an ogee. {Bell cage}, or {Bell carriage} (Arch.), a timber frame constructed to carry one or more large bells. {Bell cot} (Arch.), a small or subsidiary construction, frequently corbeled out from the walls of a structure, and used to contain and support one or more bells. {Bell deck} (Arch.), the floor of a belfry made to serve as a roof to the rooms below. {Bell founder}, one whose occupation it is to found or cast bells. {Bell foundry}, or {Bell foundery}, a place where bells are founded or cast. {Bell gable} (Arch.), a small gable-shaped construction, pierced with one or more openings, and used to contain bells. {Bell glass}. See {Bell jar}. {Bell hanger}, a man who hangs or puts up bells. {Bell pull}, a cord, handle, or knob, connecting with a bell or bell wire, and which will ring the bell when pulled. --Aytoun. {Bell punch}, a kind of conductor's punch which rings a bell when used. {Bell ringer}, one who rings a bell or bells, esp. one whose business it is to ring a church bell or chime, or a set of musical bells for public entertainment. {Bell roof} (Arch.), a roof shaped according to the general lines of a bell. {Bell rope}, a rope by which a church or other bell is rung. {Bell tent}, a circular conical-topped tent. {Bell trap}, a kind of bell shaped stench trap. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bell crank \Bell" crank`\ A lever whose two arms form a right angle, or nearly a right angle, having its fulcrum at the apex of the angle. It is used in bell pulls and in changing the direction of bell wires at angles of rooms, etc., and also in machinery. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Jar \Jar\, n. [F. jarre, Sp. jarra, from Ar. jarrah ewer; cf. Pers. jarrah.] 1. A deep, broad-mouthed vessel of earthenware or glass, for holding fruit, preserves, etc., or for ornamental purposes; as, a jar of honey; a rose jar. --Dryden. 2. The measure of what is contained in a jar; as, a jar of oil; a jar of preserves. {Bell jar}, {Leyden jar}. See in the Vocabulary. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bell jar \Bell" jar`\ (Phys.) A glass vessel, varying in size, open at the bottom and closed at the top like a bell, and having a knob or handle at the top for lifting it. It is used for a great variety of purposes; as, with the air pump, and for holding gases, also for keeping the dust from articles exposed to view. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Belleek ware \Bel*leek" ware\ A porcelainlike kind of decorative pottery with a high gloss, which is sometimes iridescent. A very fine kind is made at Belleek in Ireland. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Belligerence \Bel*lig"er*ence\, Belligerency \Bel*lig"er*en*cy\, n. The quality of being belligerent; act or state of making war; warfare. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Belligerence \Bel*lig"er*ence\, Belligerency \Bel*lig"er*en*cy\, n. The quality of being belligerent; act or state of making war; warfare. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Belligerent \Bel*lig"er*ent\, a. [L. bellum war + gerens, -entis, waging, p. pr. of gerere to wage: cf. F. bellig[82]rant. See {Bellicose}, {Jest}.] 1. Waging war; carrying on war. [bd]Belligerent powers.[b8] --E. Everett. 2. Pertaining, or tending, to war; of or relating to belligerents; as, a belligerent tone; belligerent rights. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Belligerent \Bel*lig"er*ent\, n. A nation or state recognized as carrying on war; a person engaged in warfare. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Belligerently \Bel*lig"er*ent*ly\, adv. In a belligerent manner; hostilely. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Krupp process \Krupp process\ (Iron Metal.) (a) A process practiced by Friedrich Krupp, Essen, Germany, for washing pig iron, differing from the Bell process in using manganese as well as iron oxide, and performed in a Pernot furnace. Called also the {Bell-Krupp process}. (b) A process for the manufacture of steel armor plates, invented or practiced by Krupp, the details of which are secret. It is understood to involve the addition of chromium as well as nickel to the metal, and to include a treatment like that of the Harvey process with unknown variations or additions. The product is mentioned by some authors, as improved Harvey, or Harvey-Krupp armor plate. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bellycheer \Bel"ly*cheer`\, n. [Perh. from F. belle ch[8a]re.] Good cheer; viands. [Obs.] [bd]Bellycheer and banquets.[b8] --Rowlands. [bd]Loaves and bellycheer.[b8] --Milton. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bellycheer \Bel"ly*cheer`\, v. i. To revel; to feast. [Obs.] A pack of clergymen [assembled] by themselves to bellycheer in their presumptuous Sion. --Milton. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Belsire \Bel"sire`\, n. [Pref. bel- + sire. Cf. {Beldam}.] A grandfather, or ancestor. [bd]His great belsire Brute.[b8] [Obs.] --Drayton. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Exchequer \Ex*cheq"uer\, n. [OE. escheker, OF. eichekier, fr. LL. scaccarium. See {Checker}, {Chess}, {Check}.] 1. One of the superior courts of law; -- so called from a checkered cloth, which covers, or formerly covered, the table. [Eng.] Note: The exchequer was a court of law and equity. In the revenue department, it had jurisdiction over the proprietary rights of the crown against subjects; in the common law department, it administered justice in personal actions between subject and subject. A person proceeding against another in the revenue department was said to exchequer him. The judges of this court were one chief and four puisne barons, so styled. The Court of Exchequer Chamber sat as court of error in which the judgments of each of the superior courts of common law, in England, were subject to revision by the judges of the other two sitting collectively. Causes involving difficult questions of law were sometimes after argument, adjourned into this court from the other courts, for debate before judgment in the court below. Recent legislation in England (1880) has abolished the Court of Exchequer and the Court of Exchequer Chamber, as distinct tribunals, a single board of judiciary, the High Court of Justice, being established for the trial of all classes of civil cases. --Wharton. 2. The department of state having charge of the collection and management of the royal revenue. [Eng.] Hence, the treasury; and, colloquially, pecuniary possessions in general; as, the company's exchequer is low. {Barons of the exchequer}. See under {Baron}. {Chancellor of the exchequer}. See under {Chancellor}. {Exchequer} {bills [or] bonds} (Eng.), bills of money, or promissory bills, issued from the exchequer by authority of Parliament; a species of paper currency emitted under the authority of the government, and bearing interest. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Receivable \Re*ceiv"a*ble\, a. [Cf. F. recevable.] Capable of being received. -- {Re*ceiv"a*ble*ness}, n. {Bills receivable}. See under 6th {Bill}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bill \Bill\, n. [OE. bill, bille, fr. LL. billa (or OF. bille), for L. bulla anything rounded, LL., seal, stamp, letter, edict, roll; cf. F. bille a ball, prob. fr. Ger.; cf. MHG. bickel, D. bikkel, dice. Cf. {Bull} papal edict, {Billet} a paper.] 1. (Law) A declaration made in writing, stating some wrong the complainant has suffered from the defendant, or a fault committed by some person against a law. 2. A writing binding the signer or signers to pay a certain sum at a future day or on demand, with or without interest, as may be stated in the document. [Eng.] Note: In the United States, it is usually called a note, a note of hand, or a promissory note. 3. A form or draft of a law, presented to a legislature for enactment; a proposed or projected law. 4. A paper, written or printed, and posted up or given away, to advertise something, as a lecture, a play, or the sale of goods; a placard; a poster; a handbill. She put up the bill in her parlor window. --Dickens. 5. An account of goods sold, services rendered, or work done, with the price or charge; a statement of a creditor's claim, in gross or by items; as, a grocer's bill. 6. Any paper, containing a statement of particulars; as, a bill of charges or expenditures; a weekly bill of mortality; a bill of fare, etc. {Bill of adventure}. See under {Adventure}. {Bill of costs}, a statement of the items which form the total amount of the costs of a party to a suit or action. {Bill of credit}. (a) Within the constitution of the United States, a paper issued by a State, on the mere faith and credit of the State, and designed to circulate as money. No State shall [bd]emit bills of credit.[b8] --U. S. Const. --Peters. --Wharton. --Bouvier (b) Among merchants, a letter sent by an agent or other person to a merchant, desiring him to give credit to the bearer for goods or money. {Bill of divorce}, in the Jewish law, a writing given by the husband to the wife, by which the marriage relation was dissolved. --Jer. iii. 8. {Bill of entry}, a written account of goods entered at the customhouse, whether imported or intended for exportation. {Bill of exceptions}. See under {Exception}. {Bill of exchange} (Com.), a written order or request from one person or house to another, desiring the latter to pay to some person designated a certain sum of money therein generally is, and, to be negotiable, must be, made payable to order or to bearer. So also the order generally expresses a specified time of payment, and that it is drawn for value. The person who draws the bill is called the drawer, the person on whom it is drawn is, before acceptance, called the drawee, -- after acceptance, the acceptor; the person to whom the money is directed to be paid is called the payee. The person making the order may himself be the payee. The bill itself is frequently called a draft. See {Exchange}. --Chitty. {Bill of fare}, a written or printed enumeration of the dishes served at a public table, or of the dishes (with prices annexed) which may be ordered at a restaurant, etc. {Bill of health}, a certificate from the proper authorities as to the state of health of a ship's company at the time of her leaving port. {Bill of indictment}, a written accusation lawfully presented to a grand jury. If the jury consider the evidence sufficient to support the accusation, they indorse it [bd]A true bill,[b8] otherwise they write upon it [bd]Not a true bill,[b8] or [bd]Not found,[b8] or [bd]Ignoramus[b8], or [bd]Ignored.[b8] {Bill of lading}, a written account of goods shipped by any person, signed by the agent of the owner of the vessel, or by its master, acknowledging the receipt of the goods, and promising to deliver them safe at the place directed, dangers of the sea excepted. It is usual for the master to sign two, three, or four copies of the bill; one of which he keeps in possession, one is kept by the shipper, and one is sent to the consignee of the goods. {Bill of mortality}, an official statement of the number of deaths in a place or district within a given time; also, a district required to be covered by such statement; as, a place within the bills of mortality of London. {Bill of pains and penalties}, a special act of a legislature which inflicts a punishment less than death upon persons supposed to be guilty of treason or felony, without any conviction in the ordinary course of judicial proceedings. --Bouvier. --Wharton. {Bill of parcels}, an account given by the seller to the buyer of the several articles purchased, with the price of each. {Bill of particulars} (Law), a detailed statement of the items of a plaintiff's demand in an action, or of the defendant's set-off. {Bill of rights}, a summary of rights and privileges claimed by a people. Such was the declaration presented by the Lords and Commons of England to the Prince and Princess of Orange in 1688, and enacted in Parliament after they became king and queen. In America, a bill or declaration of rights is prefixed to most of the constitutions of the several States. {Bill of sale}, a formal instrument for the conveyance or transfer of goods and chattels. {Bill of sight}, a form of entry at the customhouse, by which goods, respecting which the importer is not possessed of full information, may be provisionally landed for examination. {Bill of store}, a license granted at the customhouse to merchants, to carry such stores and provisions as are necessary for a voyage, custom free. --Wharton. {Bills payable} (pl.), the outstanding unpaid notes or acceptances made and issued by an individual or firm. {Bills receivable} (pl.), the unpaid promissory notes or acceptances held by an individual or firm. --McElrath. {A true bill}, a bill of indictment sanctioned by a grand jury. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Black art \Black" art`\ The art practiced by conjurers and witches; necromancy; conjuration; magic. Note: This name was given in the Middle Ages to necromancy, under the idea that the latter term was derived from niger black, instead of nekro`s, a dead person, and mantei`a, divination. --Wright. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Black \Black\, a. [OE. blak, AS. bl[91]c; akin to Icel. blakkr dark, swarthy, Sw. bl[84]ck ink, Dan. bl[91]k, OHG. blach, LG. & D. blaken to burn with a black smoke. Not akin to AS. bl[be]c, E. bleak pallid. [?]98.] 1. Destitute of light, or incapable of reflecting it; of the color of soot or coal; of the darkest or a very dark color, the opposite of white; characterized by such a color; as, black cloth; black hair or eyes. O night, with hue so black! --Shak. 2. In a less literal sense: Enveloped or shrouded in darkness; very dark or gloomy; as, a black night; the heavens black with clouds. I spy a black, suspicious, threatening cloud. --Shak. 3. Fig.: Dismal, gloomy, or forbidding, like darkness; destitute of moral light or goodness; atrociously wicked; cruel; mournful; calamitous; horrible. [bd]This day's black fate.[b8] [bd]Black villainy.[b8] [bd]Arise, black vengeance.[b8] [bd]Black day.[b8] [bd]Black despair.[b8] --Shak. 4. Expressing menace, or discontent; threatening; sullen; foreboding; as, to regard one with black looks. Note: Black is often used in self-explaining compound words; as, black-eyed, black-faced, black-haired, black-visaged. {Black act}, the English statute 9 George I, which makes it a felony to appear armed in any park or warren, etc., or to hunt or steal deer, etc., with the face blackened or disguised. Subsequent acts inflicting heavy penalties for malicious injuries to cattle and machinery have been called black acts. {Black angel} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the West Indies and Florida ({Holacanthus tricolor}), with the head and tail yellow, and the middle of the body black. {Black antimony} (Chem.), the black sulphide of antimony, {Sb2S3}, used in pyrotechnics, etc. {Black bear} (Zo[94]l.), the common American bear ({Ursus Americanus}). {Black beast}. See {B[88]te noire}. {Black beetle} (Zo[94]l.), the common large cockroach ({Blatta orientalis}). {Black and blue}, the dark color of a bruise in the flesh, which is accompanied with a mixture of blue. [bd]To pinch the slatterns black and blue.[b8] --Hudibras. {Black bonnet} (Zo[94]l.), the black-headed bunting ({Embriza Sch[d2]niclus}) of Europe. {Black canker}, a disease in turnips and other crops, produced by a species of caterpillar. {Black cat} (Zo[94]l.), the fisher, a quadruped of North America allied to the sable, but larger. See {Fisher}. {Black cattle}, any bovine cattle reared for slaughter, in distinction from dairy cattle. [Eng.] {Black cherry}. See under {Cherry}. {Black cockatoo} (Zo[94]l.), the palm cockatoo. See {Cockatoo}. {Black copper}. Same as {Melaconite}. {Black currant}. (Bot.) See {Currant}. {Black diamond}. (Min.) See {Carbonado}. {Black draught} (Med.), a cathartic medicine, composed of senna and magnesia. {Black drop} (Med.), vinegar of opium; a narcotic preparation consisting essentially of a solution of opium in vinegar. {Black earth}, mold; earth of a dark color. --Woodward. {Black flag}, the flag of a pirate, often bearing in white a skull and crossbones; a signal of defiance. {Black flea} (Zo[94]l.), a flea beetle ({Haltica nemorum}) injurious to turnips. {Black flux}, a mixture of carbonate of potash and charcoal, obtained by deflagrating tartar with half its weight of niter. --Brande & C. {Black fly}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) In the United States, a small, venomous, two-winged fly of the genus {Simulium} of several species, exceedingly abundant and troublesome in the northern forests. The larv[91] are aquatic. (b) A black plant louse, as the bean aphis ({A. fab[91]}). {Black Forest} [a translation of G. Schwarzwald], a forest in Baden and W[81]rtemburg, in Germany; a part of the ancient Hercynian forest. {Black game}, or {Black grouse}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Blackcock}, {Grouse}, and {Heath grouse}. {Black grass} (Bot.), a grasslike rush of the species {Juncus Gerardi}, growing on salt marshes, and making good hay. {Black gum} (Bot.), an American tree, the tupelo or pepperidge. See {Tupelo}. {Black Hamburg (grape)} (Bot.), a sweet and juicy variety of dark purple or [bd]black[b8] grape. {Black horse} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the Mississippi valley ({Cycleptus elongatus}), of the sucker family; the Missouri sucker. {Black lemur} (Zo[94]l.), the {Lemurniger} of Madagascar; the {acoumbo} of the natives. {Black list}, a list of persons who are for some reason thought deserving of censure or punishment; -- esp. a list of persons stigmatized as insolvent or untrustworthy, made for the protection of tradesmen or employers. See {Blacklist}, v. t. {Black manganese} (Chem.), the black oxide of manganese, {MnO2}. {Black Maria}, the close wagon in which prisoners are carried to or from jail. {Black martin} (Zo[94]l.), the chimney swift. See {Swift}. {Black moss} (Bot.), the common so-called long moss of the southern United States. See {Tillandsia}. {Black oak}. See under {Oak}. {Black ocher}. See {Wad}. {Black pigment}, a very fine, light carbonaceous substance, or lampblack, prepared chiefly for the manufacture of printers' ink. It is obtained by burning common coal tar. {Black plate}, sheet iron before it is tinned. --Knight. {Black quarter}, malignant anthrax with engorgement of a shoulder or quarter, etc., as of an ox. {Black rat} (Zo[94]l.), one of the species of rats ({Mus rattus}), commonly infesting houses. {Black rent}. See {Blackmail}, n., 3. {Black rust}, a disease of wheat, in which a black, moist matter is deposited in the fissures of the grain. {Black sheep}, one in a family or company who is unlike the rest, and makes trouble. {Black silver}. (Min.) See under {Silver}. {Black and tan}, black mixed or spotted with tan color or reddish brown; -- used in describing certain breeds of dogs. {Black tea}. See under {Tea}. {Black tin} (Mining), tin ore (cassiterite), when dressed, stamped and washed, ready for smelting. It is in the form of a black powder, like fine sand. --Knight. {Black walnut}. See under {Walnut}. {Black warrior} (Zo[94]l.), an American hawk ({Buteo Harlani}). Syn: Dark; murky; pitchy; inky; somber; dusky; gloomy; swart; Cimmerian; ebon; atrocious. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Coral \Cor"al\, n. [Of. coral, F, corail, L. corallum, coralium, fr. Gr. kora`llion.] 1. (Zo[94]l.) The hard parts or skeleton of various Anthozoa, and of a few Hydrozoa. Similar structures are also formed by some Bryozoa. Note: The large stony corals forming coral reefs belong to various genera of {Madreporaria}, and to the hydroid genus, {Millepora}. The red coral, used in jewelry, is the stony axis of the stem of a gorgonian ({Corallium rubrum}) found chiefly in the Mediterranean. The {fan corals}, {plume corals}, and {sea feathers} are species of {Gorgoniacea}, in which the axis is horny. Organ-pipe coral is formed by the genus {Tubipora}, an Alcyonarian, and {black coral} is in part the axis of species of the genus {Antipathes}. See {Anthozoa}, {Madrepora}. 2. The ovaries of a cooked lobster; -- so called from their color. 3. A piece of coral, usually fitted with small bells and other appurtenances, used by children as a plaything. {Brain coral}, or {Brain stone coral}. See under {Brain}. {Chain coral}. See under {Chain}. {Coral animal} (Zo[94]l.), one of the polyps by which corals are formed. They are often very erroneously called {coral insects}. {Coral fish}. See in the Vocabulary. {Coral reefs} (Phys. Geog.), reefs, often of great extent, made up chiefly of fragments of corals, coral sands, and the solid limestone resulting from their consolidation. They are classed as {fringing reefs}, when they border the land; {barrier reefs}, when separated from the shore by a broad belt of water; {atolls}, when they constitute separate islands, usually inclosing a lagoon. See {Atoll}. {Coral root} (Bot.), a genus ({Corallorhiza}) of orchideous plants, of a yellowish or brownish red color, parasitic on roots of other plants, and having curious jointed or knotted roots not unlike some kinds of coral. See Illust. under {Coralloid}. {Coral snake}. (Zo) (a) A small, venomous, Brazilian snake {(Elaps corallinus)}, coral-red, with black bands. (b) A small, harmless, South American snake ({Tortrix scytale}). {Coral tree} (Bot.), a tropical, leguminous plant, of several species, with showy, scarlet blossoms and coral-red seeds. The best known is {Erythrina Corallodendron}. {Coral wood}, a hard, red cabinet wood. --McElrath. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Black \Black\, a. [OE. blak, AS. bl[91]c; akin to Icel. blakkr dark, swarthy, Sw. bl[84]ck ink, Dan. bl[91]k, OHG. blach, LG. & D. blaken to burn with a black smoke. Not akin to AS. bl[be]c, E. bleak pallid. [?]98.] 1. Destitute of light, or incapable of reflecting it; of the color of soot or coal; of the darkest or a very dark color, the opposite of white; characterized by such a color; as, black cloth; black hair or eyes. O night, with hue so black! --Shak. 2. In a less literal sense: Enveloped or shrouded in darkness; very dark or gloomy; as, a black night; the heavens black with clouds. I spy a black, suspicious, threatening cloud. --Shak. 3. Fig.: Dismal, gloomy, or forbidding, like darkness; destitute of moral light or goodness; atrociously wicked; cruel; mournful; calamitous; horrible. [bd]This day's black fate.[b8] [bd]Black villainy.[b8] [bd]Arise, black vengeance.[b8] [bd]Black day.[b8] [bd]Black despair.[b8] --Shak. 4. Expressing menace, or discontent; threatening; sullen; foreboding; as, to regard one with black looks. Note: Black is often used in self-explaining compound words; as, black-eyed, black-faced, black-haired, black-visaged. {Black act}, the English statute 9 George I, which makes it a felony to appear armed in any park or warren, etc., or to hunt or steal deer, etc., with the face blackened or disguised. Subsequent acts inflicting heavy penalties for malicious injuries to cattle and machinery have been called black acts. {Black angel} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the West Indies and Florida ({Holacanthus tricolor}), with the head and tail yellow, and the middle of the body black. {Black antimony} (Chem.), the black sulphide of antimony, {Sb2S3}, used in pyrotechnics, etc. {Black bear} (Zo[94]l.), the common American bear ({Ursus Americanus}). {Black beast}. See {B[88]te noire}. {Black beetle} (Zo[94]l.), the common large cockroach ({Blatta orientalis}). {Black and blue}, the dark color of a bruise in the flesh, which is accompanied with a mixture of blue. [bd]To pinch the slatterns black and blue.[b8] --Hudibras. {Black bonnet} (Zo[94]l.), the black-headed bunting ({Embriza Sch[d2]niclus}) of Europe. {Black canker}, a disease in turnips and other crops, produced by a species of caterpillar. {Black cat} (Zo[94]l.), the fisher, a quadruped of North America allied to the sable, but larger. See {Fisher}. {Black cattle}, any bovine cattle reared for slaughter, in distinction from dairy cattle. [Eng.] {Black cherry}. See under {Cherry}. {Black cockatoo} (Zo[94]l.), the palm cockatoo. See {Cockatoo}. {Black copper}. Same as {Melaconite}. {Black currant}. (Bot.) See {Currant}. {Black diamond}. (Min.) See {Carbonado}. {Black draught} (Med.), a cathartic medicine, composed of senna and magnesia. {Black drop} (Med.), vinegar of opium; a narcotic preparation consisting essentially of a solution of opium in vinegar. {Black earth}, mold; earth of a dark color. --Woodward. {Black flag}, the flag of a pirate, often bearing in white a skull and crossbones; a signal of defiance. {Black flea} (Zo[94]l.), a flea beetle ({Haltica nemorum}) injurious to turnips. {Black flux}, a mixture of carbonate of potash and charcoal, obtained by deflagrating tartar with half its weight of niter. --Brande & C. {Black fly}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) In the United States, a small, venomous, two-winged fly of the genus {Simulium} of several species, exceedingly abundant and troublesome in the northern forests. The larv[91] are aquatic. (b) A black plant louse, as the bean aphis ({A. fab[91]}). {Black Forest} [a translation of G. Schwarzwald], a forest in Baden and W[81]rtemburg, in Germany; a part of the ancient Hercynian forest. {Black game}, or {Black grouse}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Blackcock}, {Grouse}, and {Heath grouse}. {Black grass} (Bot.), a grasslike rush of the species {Juncus Gerardi}, growing on salt marshes, and making good hay. {Black gum} (Bot.), an American tree, the tupelo or pepperidge. See {Tupelo}. {Black Hamburg (grape)} (Bot.), a sweet and juicy variety of dark purple or [bd]black[b8] grape. {Black horse} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the Mississippi valley ({Cycleptus elongatus}), of the sucker family; the Missouri sucker. {Black lemur} (Zo[94]l.), the {Lemurniger} of Madagascar; the {acoumbo} of the natives. {Black list}, a list of persons who are for some reason thought deserving of censure or punishment; -- esp. a list of persons stigmatized as insolvent or untrustworthy, made for the protection of tradesmen or employers. See {Blacklist}, v. t. {Black manganese} (Chem.), the black oxide of manganese, {MnO2}. {Black Maria}, the close wagon in which prisoners are carried to or from jail. {Black martin} (Zo[94]l.), the chimney swift. See {Swift}. {Black moss} (Bot.), the common so-called long moss of the southern United States. See {Tillandsia}. {Black oak}. See under {Oak}. {Black ocher}. See {Wad}. {Black pigment}, a very fine, light carbonaceous substance, or lampblack, prepared chiefly for the manufacture of printers' ink. It is obtained by burning common coal tar. {Black plate}, sheet iron before it is tinned. --Knight. {Black quarter}, malignant anthrax with engorgement of a shoulder or quarter, etc., as of an ox. {Black rat} (Zo[94]l.), one of the species of rats ({Mus rattus}), commonly infesting houses. {Black rent}. See {Blackmail}, n., 3. {Black rust}, a disease of wheat, in which a black, moist matter is deposited in the fissures of the grain. {Black sheep}, one in a family or company who is unlike the rest, and makes trouble. {Black silver}. (Min.) See under {Silver}. {Black and tan}, black mixed or spotted with tan color or reddish brown; -- used in describing certain breeds of dogs. {Black tea}. See under {Tea}. {Black tin} (Mining), tin ore (cassiterite), when dressed, stamped and washed, ready for smelting. It is in the form of a black powder, like fine sand. --Knight. {Black walnut}. See under {Walnut}. {Black warrior} (Zo[94]l.), an American hawk ({Buteo Harlani}). Syn: Dark; murky; pitchy; inky; somber; dusky; gloomy; swart; Cimmerian; ebon; atrocious. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Currant \Cur"rant\ (k?r"rant), n. [F. corinthe (raisins de Corinthe raisins of Corinth) currant (in sense 1), from the city of Corinth in Greece, whence, probably, the small dried grape (1) was first imported, the Ribes fruit (2) receiving the name from its resemblance to that grape.] 1. A small kind of seedless raisin, imported from the Levant, chiefly from Zante and Cephalonia; -- used in cookery. 2. The acid fruit or berry of the {Ribes rubrum} or common red currant, or of its variety, the white currant. 3. (Bot.) A shrub or bush of several species of the genus {Ribes} (a genus also including the gooseberry); esp., the {Ribes rubrum}. {Black currant},a shrub or bush ({Ribes nigrum} and {R. floridum}) and its black, strong-flavored, tonic fruit. {Cherry currant}, a variety of the red currant, having a strong, symmetrical bush and a very large berry. {Currant borer} (Zo[94]l.), the larva of an insect that bores into the pith and kills currant bushes; specif., the larvae of a small clearwing moth ({[92]geria tipuliformis}) and a longicorn beetle ({Psenocerus supernotatus}). {Currant worm} (Zo[94]l.), an insect larva which eats the leaves or fruit of the currant. The most injurious are the currant sawfly ({Nematus ventricosus}), introduced from Europe, and the spanworm ({Eufitchia ribearia}). The fruit worms are the larva of a fly ({Epochra Canadensis}), and a spanworm ({Eupithecia}). {Flowering currant}, {Missouri currant}, a species of {Ribes} ({R. aureum}), having showy yellow flowers. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Black \Black\, a. [OE. blak, AS. bl[91]c; akin to Icel. blakkr dark, swarthy, Sw. bl[84]ck ink, Dan. bl[91]k, OHG. blach, LG. & D. blaken to burn with a black smoke. Not akin to AS. bl[be]c, E. bleak pallid. [?]98.] 1. Destitute of light, or incapable of reflecting it; of the color of soot or coal; of the darkest or a very dark color, the opposite of white; characterized by such a color; as, black cloth; black hair or eyes. O night, with hue so black! --Shak. 2. In a less literal sense: Enveloped or shrouded in darkness; very dark or gloomy; as, a black night; the heavens black with clouds. I spy a black, suspicious, threatening cloud. --Shak. 3. Fig.: Dismal, gloomy, or forbidding, like darkness; destitute of moral light or goodness; atrociously wicked; cruel; mournful; calamitous; horrible. [bd]This day's black fate.[b8] [bd]Black villainy.[b8] [bd]Arise, black vengeance.[b8] [bd]Black day.[b8] [bd]Black despair.[b8] --Shak. 4. Expressing menace, or discontent; threatening; sullen; foreboding; as, to regard one with black looks. Note: Black is often used in self-explaining compound words; as, black-eyed, black-faced, black-haired, black-visaged. {Black act}, the English statute 9 George I, which makes it a felony to appear armed in any park or warren, etc., or to hunt or steal deer, etc., with the face blackened or disguised. Subsequent acts inflicting heavy penalties for malicious injuries to cattle and machinery have been called black acts. {Black angel} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the West Indies and Florida ({Holacanthus tricolor}), with the head and tail yellow, and the middle of the body black. {Black antimony} (Chem.), the black sulphide of antimony, {Sb2S3}, used in pyrotechnics, etc. {Black bear} (Zo[94]l.), the common American bear ({Ursus Americanus}). {Black beast}. See {B[88]te noire}. {Black beetle} (Zo[94]l.), the common large cockroach ({Blatta orientalis}). {Black and blue}, the dark color of a bruise in the flesh, which is accompanied with a mixture of blue. [bd]To pinch the slatterns black and blue.[b8] --Hudibras. {Black bonnet} (Zo[94]l.), the black-headed bunting ({Embriza Sch[d2]niclus}) of Europe. {Black canker}, a disease in turnips and other crops, produced by a species of caterpillar. {Black cat} (Zo[94]l.), the fisher, a quadruped of North America allied to the sable, but larger. See {Fisher}. {Black cattle}, any bovine cattle reared for slaughter, in distinction from dairy cattle. [Eng.] {Black cherry}. See under {Cherry}. {Black cockatoo} (Zo[94]l.), the palm cockatoo. See {Cockatoo}. {Black copper}. Same as {Melaconite}. {Black currant}. (Bot.) See {Currant}. {Black diamond}. (Min.) See {Carbonado}. {Black draught} (Med.), a cathartic medicine, composed of senna and magnesia. {Black drop} (Med.), vinegar of opium; a narcotic preparation consisting essentially of a solution of opium in vinegar. {Black earth}, mold; earth of a dark color. --Woodward. {Black flag}, the flag of a pirate, often bearing in white a skull and crossbones; a signal of defiance. {Black flea} (Zo[94]l.), a flea beetle ({Haltica nemorum}) injurious to turnips. {Black flux}, a mixture of carbonate of potash and charcoal, obtained by deflagrating tartar with half its weight of niter. --Brande & C. {Black fly}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) In the United States, a small, venomous, two-winged fly of the genus {Simulium} of several species, exceedingly abundant and troublesome in the northern forests. The larv[91] are aquatic. (b) A black plant louse, as the bean aphis ({A. fab[91]}). {Black Forest} [a translation of G. Schwarzwald], a forest in Baden and W[81]rtemburg, in Germany; a part of the ancient Hercynian forest. {Black game}, or {Black grouse}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Blackcock}, {Grouse}, and {Heath grouse}. {Black grass} (Bot.), a grasslike rush of the species {Juncus Gerardi}, growing on salt marshes, and making good hay. {Black gum} (Bot.), an American tree, the tupelo or pepperidge. See {Tupelo}. {Black Hamburg (grape)} (Bot.), a sweet and juicy variety of dark purple or [bd]black[b8] grape. {Black horse} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the Mississippi valley ({Cycleptus elongatus}), of the sucker family; the Missouri sucker. {Black lemur} (Zo[94]l.), the {Lemurniger} of Madagascar; the {acoumbo} of the natives. {Black list}, a list of persons who are for some reason thought deserving of censure or punishment; -- esp. a list of persons stigmatized as insolvent or untrustworthy, made for the protection of tradesmen or employers. See {Blacklist}, v. t. {Black manganese} (Chem.), the black oxide of manganese, {MnO2}. {Black Maria}, the close wagon in which prisoners are carried to or from jail. {Black martin} (Zo[94]l.), the chimney swift. See {Swift}. {Black moss} (Bot.), the common so-called long moss of the southern United States. See {Tillandsia}. {Black oak}. See under {Oak}. {Black ocher}. See {Wad}. {Black pigment}, a very fine, light carbonaceous substance, or lampblack, prepared chiefly for the manufacture of printers' ink. It is obtained by burning common coal tar. {Black plate}, sheet iron before it is tinned. --Knight. {Black quarter}, malignant anthrax with engorgement of a shoulder or quarter, etc., as of an ox. {Black rat} (Zo[94]l.), one of the species of rats ({Mus rattus}), commonly infesting houses. {Black rent}. See {Blackmail}, n., 3. {Black rust}, a disease of wheat, in which a black, moist matter is deposited in the fissures of the grain. {Black sheep}, one in a family or company who is unlike the rest, and makes trouble. {Black silver}. (Min.) See under {Silver}. {Black and tan}, black mixed or spotted with tan color or reddish brown; -- used in describing certain breeds of dogs. {Black tea}. See under {Tea}. {Black tin} (Mining), tin ore (cassiterite), when dressed, stamped and washed, ready for smelting. It is in the form of a black powder, like fine sand. --Knight. {Black walnut}. See under {Walnut}. {Black warrior} (Zo[94]l.), an American hawk ({Buteo Harlani}). Syn: Dark; murky; pitchy; inky; somber; dusky; gloomy; swart; Cimmerian; ebon; atrocious. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Black \Black\, a. [OE. blak, AS. bl[91]c; akin to Icel. blakkr dark, swarthy, Sw. bl[84]ck ink, Dan. bl[91]k, OHG. blach, LG. & D. blaken to burn with a black smoke. Not akin to AS. bl[be]c, E. bleak pallid. [?]98.] 1. Destitute of light, or incapable of reflecting it; of the color of soot or coal; of the darkest or a very dark color, the opposite of white; characterized by such a color; as, black cloth; black hair or eyes. O night, with hue so black! --Shak. 2. In a less literal sense: Enveloped or shrouded in darkness; very dark or gloomy; as, a black night; the heavens black with clouds. I spy a black, suspicious, threatening cloud. --Shak. 3. Fig.: Dismal, gloomy, or forbidding, like darkness; destitute of moral light or goodness; atrociously wicked; cruel; mournful; calamitous; horrible. [bd]This day's black fate.[b8] [bd]Black villainy.[b8] [bd]Arise, black vengeance.[b8] [bd]Black day.[b8] [bd]Black despair.[b8] --Shak. 4. Expressing menace, or discontent; threatening; sullen; foreboding; as, to regard one with black looks. Note: Black is often used in self-explaining compound words; as, black-eyed, black-faced, black-haired, black-visaged. {Black act}, the English statute 9 George I, which makes it a felony to appear armed in any park or warren, etc., or to hunt or steal deer, etc., with the face blackened or disguised. Subsequent acts inflicting heavy penalties for malicious injuries to cattle and machinery have been called black acts. {Black angel} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the West Indies and Florida ({Holacanthus tricolor}), with the head and tail yellow, and the middle of the body black. {Black antimony} (Chem.), the black sulphide of antimony, {Sb2S3}, used in pyrotechnics, etc. {Black bear} (Zo[94]l.), the common American bear ({Ursus Americanus}). {Black beast}. See {B[88]te noire}. {Black beetle} (Zo[94]l.), the common large cockroach ({Blatta orientalis}). {Black and blue}, the dark color of a bruise in the flesh, which is accompanied with a mixture of blue. [bd]To pinch the slatterns black and blue.[b8] --Hudibras. {Black bonnet} (Zo[94]l.), the black-headed bunting ({Embriza Sch[d2]niclus}) of Europe. {Black canker}, a disease in turnips and other crops, produced by a species of caterpillar. {Black cat} (Zo[94]l.), the fisher, a quadruped of North America allied to the sable, but larger. See {Fisher}. {Black cattle}, any bovine cattle reared for slaughter, in distinction from dairy cattle. [Eng.] {Black cherry}. See under {Cherry}. {Black cockatoo} (Zo[94]l.), the palm cockatoo. See {Cockatoo}. {Black copper}. Same as {Melaconite}. {Black currant}. (Bot.) See {Currant}. {Black diamond}. (Min.) See {Carbonado}. {Black draught} (Med.), a cathartic medicine, composed of senna and magnesia. {Black drop} (Med.), vinegar of opium; a narcotic preparation consisting essentially of a solution of opium in vinegar. {Black earth}, mold; earth of a dark color. --Woodward. {Black flag}, the flag of a pirate, often bearing in white a skull and crossbones; a signal of defiance. {Black flea} (Zo[94]l.), a flea beetle ({Haltica nemorum}) injurious to turnips. {Black flux}, a mixture of carbonate of potash and charcoal, obtained by deflagrating tartar with half its weight of niter. --Brande & C. {Black fly}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) In the United States, a small, venomous, two-winged fly of the genus {Simulium} of several species, exceedingly abundant and troublesome in the northern forests. The larv[91] are aquatic. (b) A black plant louse, as the bean aphis ({A. fab[91]}). {Black Forest} [a translation of G. Schwarzwald], a forest in Baden and W[81]rtemburg, in Germany; a part of the ancient Hercynian forest. {Black game}, or {Black grouse}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Blackcock}, {Grouse}, and {Heath grouse}. {Black grass} (Bot.), a grasslike rush of the species {Juncus Gerardi}, growing on salt marshes, and making good hay. {Black gum} (Bot.), an American tree, the tupelo or pepperidge. See {Tupelo}. {Black Hamburg (grape)} (Bot.), a sweet and juicy variety of dark purple or [bd]black[b8] grape. {Black horse} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the Mississippi valley ({Cycleptus elongatus}), of the sucker family; the Missouri sucker. {Black lemur} (Zo[94]l.), the {Lemurniger} of Madagascar; the {acoumbo} of the natives. {Black list}, a list of persons who are for some reason thought deserving of censure or punishment; -- esp. a list of persons stigmatized as insolvent or untrustworthy, made for the protection of tradesmen or employers. See {Blacklist}, v. t. {Black manganese} (Chem.), the black oxide of manganese, {MnO2}. {Black Maria}, the close wagon in which prisoners are carried to or from jail. {Black martin} (Zo[94]l.), the chimney swift. See {Swift}. {Black moss} (Bot.), the common so-called long moss of the southern United States. See {Tillandsia}. {Black oak}. See under {Oak}. {Black ocher}. See {Wad}. {Black pigment}, a very fine, light carbonaceous substance, or lampblack, prepared chiefly for the manufacture of printers' ink. It is obtained by burning common coal tar. {Black plate}, sheet iron before it is tinned. --Knight. {Black quarter}, malignant anthrax with engorgement of a shoulder or quarter, etc., as of an ox. {Black rat} (Zo[94]l.), one of the species of rats ({Mus rattus}), commonly infesting houses. {Black rent}. See {Blackmail}, n., 3. {Black rust}, a disease of wheat, in which a black, moist matter is deposited in the fissures of the grain. {Black sheep}, one in a family or company who is unlike the rest, and makes trouble. {Black silver}. (Min.) See under {Silver}. {Black and tan}, black mixed or spotted with tan color or reddish brown; -- used in describing certain breeds of dogs. {Black tea}. See under {Tea}. {Black tin} (Mining), tin ore (cassiterite), when dressed, stamped and washed, ready for smelting. It is in the form of a black powder, like fine sand. --Knight. {Black walnut}. See under {Walnut}. {Black warrior} (Zo[94]l.), an American hawk ({Buteo Harlani}). Syn: Dark; murky; pitchy; inky; somber; dusky; gloomy; swart; Cimmerian; ebon; atrocious. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Nimble Will, a kind of drop seed. {Muhlenbergia diffsa}. Orchard grass, pasture and hay. {Dactylis glomerata}. Porcupine grass, troublesome to sheep. Northwest. {Stipa spartea}. Quaking grass, ornamental. {Briza media} and {maxima}. Quitch, or Quick, grass, etc., a weed. {Agropyrum repens}. Ray grass. Same as {Rye grass} (below). Redtop, pasture and hay. {Agrostis vulgaris}. Red-topped buffalo grass, forage. Northwest. {Poa tenuifolia}. Reed canary grass, of slight value. {Phalaris arundinacea}. Reed meadow grass, hay. North. {Glyceria aquatica}. Ribbon grass, a striped leaved form of {Reed canary grass}. Rye grass, pasture, hay. {Lolium perenne}, var. Seneca grass, fragrant basket work, etc. North. {Hierochloa borealis}. Sesame grass. Same as {Gama grass} (above). Sheep's fescue, sheep pasture, native in Northern Europe and Asia. {Festuca ovina}. Small reed grass, meadow pasture and hay. North. {Deyeuxia Canadensis}. Spear grass, Same as {Meadow grass} (above). Squirrel-tail grass, troublesome to animals. Seacoast and Northwest. {Hordeum jubatum}. Switch grass, hay, cut young. {Panicum virgatum}. Timothy, cut young, the best of hay. North. {Phleum pratense}. Velvet grass, hay on poor soil. South. {Holcus lanatus}. Vernal grass, pasture, hay, lawn. {Anthoxanthum odoratum}. Wire grass, valuable in pastures. {Poa compressa}. Wood grass, Indian grass, hay. {Chrysopogon nutans}. Note: Many plants are popularly called grasses which are not true grasses botanically considered, such as black grass, goose grass, star grass, etc. {Black grass}, a kind of small rush ({Juncus Gerardi}), growing in salt marshes, used for making salt hay. {Grass of the Andes}, an oat grass, the {Arrhenatherum avenaceum} of Europe. {Grass of Parnassus}, a plant of the genus {Parnassia} growing in wet ground. The European species is {P. palustris}; in the United States there are several species. {Grass bass} (Zo[94]l.), the calico bass. {Grass bird}, the dunlin. {Grass cloth}, a cloth woven from the tough fibers of the grass-cloth plant. {Grass-cloth plant}, a perennial herb of the Nettle family ({B[d2]hmeria nivea [or] Urtica nivea}), which grows in Sumatra, China, and Assam, whose inner bark has fine and strong fibers suited for textile purposes. {Grass finch}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) A common American sparrow ({Po[94]c[91]tes gramineus}); -- called also {vesper sparrow} and {bay-winged bunting}. (b) Any Australian finch, of the genus {Po[89]phila}, of which several species are known. {Grass lamb}, a lamb suckled by a dam running on pasture land and giving rich milk. {Grass land}, land kept in grass and not tilled. {Grass moth} (Zo[94]l.), one of many small moths of the genus {Crambus}, found in grass. {Grass oil}, a fragrant essential volatile oil, obtained in India from grasses of the genus {Andropogon}, etc.; -- used in perfumery under the name of {citronella}, {ginger grass oil}, {lemon grass oil}, {essence of verbena} etc. {Grass owl} (Zo[94]l.), a South African owl ({Strix Capensis}). {Grass parrakeet} (Zo[94]l.), any of several species of Australian parrots, of the genus {Euphemia}; -- also applied to the zebra parrakeet. {Grass plover} (Zo[94]l.), the upland or field plover. {Grass poly} (Bot.), a species of willowwort ({Lythrum Hyssopifolia}). --Johnson. {Crass quit} (Zo[94]l.), one of several tropical American finches of the genus {Euetheia}. The males have most of the head and chest black and often marked with yellow. {Grass snake}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) The common English, or ringed, snake ({Tropidonotus natrix}). (b) The common green snake of the Northern United States. See {Green snake}, under {Green}. {Grass snipe} (Zo[94]l.), the pectoral sandpiper ({Tringa maculata}); -- called also {jacksnipe} in America. {Grass spider} (Zo[94]l.), a common spider ({Agelena n[91]via}), which spins flat webs on grass, conspicuous when covered with dew. {Grass sponge} (Zo[94]l.), an inferior kind of commercial sponge from Florida and the Bahamas. {Grass table}. (Arch.) See {Earth table}, under {Earth}. {Grass vetch} (Bot.), a vetch ({Lathyrus Nissolia}), with narrow grasslike leaves. {Grass widow}. [Cf. Prov. R. an unmarried mother, G. strohwittwe a mock widow, Sw. gr[84]senka a grass widow.] (a) An unmarried woman who is a mother. [Obs.] (b) A woman separated from her husband by abandonment or prolonged absence; a woman living apart from her husband. [Slang.] {Grass wrack} (Bot.) eelgrass. {To bring to grass} (Mining.), to raise, as ore, to the surface of the ground. {To put to grass}, {To put out to grass}, to put out to graze a season, as cattle. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
d8Bonaci \[d8]Bo`na*ci"\, n. [Amer. Sp. bonas[a1], prob. from native name.] (Zo[94]l.) (a) A large grouper ({Mycteroperca bonaci}) of Florida and the West Indies, valuable as a food fish; -- called also {aguaji} and, in Florida, {black grouper}. (b) Also, any one of several other similar fishes. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Black \Black\, a. [OE. blak, AS. bl[91]c; akin to Icel. blakkr dark, swarthy, Sw. bl[84]ck ink, Dan. bl[91]k, OHG. blach, LG. & D. blaken to burn with a black smoke. Not akin to AS. bl[be]c, E. bleak pallid. [?]98.] 1. Destitute of light, or incapable of reflecting it; of the color of soot or coal; of the darkest or a very dark color, the opposite of white; characterized by such a color; as, black cloth; black hair or eyes. O night, with hue so black! --Shak. 2. In a less literal sense: Enveloped or shrouded in darkness; very dark or gloomy; as, a black night; the heavens black with clouds. I spy a black, suspicious, threatening cloud. --Shak. 3. Fig.: Dismal, gloomy, or forbidding, like darkness; destitute of moral light or goodness; atrociously wicked; cruel; mournful; calamitous; horrible. [bd]This day's black fate.[b8] [bd]Black villainy.[b8] [bd]Arise, black vengeance.[b8] [bd]Black day.[b8] [bd]Black despair.[b8] --Shak. 4. Expressing menace, or discontent; threatening; sullen; foreboding; as, to regard one with black looks. Note: Black is often used in self-explaining compound words; as, black-eyed, black-faced, black-haired, black-visaged. {Black act}, the English statute 9 George I, which makes it a felony to appear armed in any park or warren, etc., or to hunt or steal deer, etc., with the face blackened or disguised. Subsequent acts inflicting heavy penalties for malicious injuries to cattle and machinery have been called black acts. {Black angel} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the West Indies and Florida ({Holacanthus tricolor}), with the head and tail yellow, and the middle of the body black. {Black antimony} (Chem.), the black sulphide of antimony, {Sb2S3}, used in pyrotechnics, etc. {Black bear} (Zo[94]l.), the common American bear ({Ursus Americanus}). {Black beast}. See {B[88]te noire}. {Black beetle} (Zo[94]l.), the common large cockroach ({Blatta orientalis}). {Black and blue}, the dark color of a bruise in the flesh, which is accompanied with a mixture of blue. [bd]To pinch the slatterns black and blue.[b8] --Hudibras. {Black bonnet} (Zo[94]l.), the black-headed bunting ({Embriza Sch[d2]niclus}) of Europe. {Black canker}, a disease in turnips and other crops, produced by a species of caterpillar. {Black cat} (Zo[94]l.), the fisher, a quadruped of North America allied to the sable, but larger. See {Fisher}. {Black cattle}, any bovine cattle reared for slaughter, in distinction from dairy cattle. [Eng.] {Black cherry}. See under {Cherry}. {Black cockatoo} (Zo[94]l.), the palm cockatoo. See {Cockatoo}. {Black copper}. Same as {Melaconite}. {Black currant}. (Bot.) See {Currant}. {Black diamond}. (Min.) See {Carbonado}. {Black draught} (Med.), a cathartic medicine, composed of senna and magnesia. {Black drop} (Med.), vinegar of opium; a narcotic preparation consisting essentially of a solution of opium in vinegar. {Black earth}, mold; earth of a dark color. --Woodward. {Black flag}, the flag of a pirate, often bearing in white a skull and crossbones; a signal of defiance. {Black flea} (Zo[94]l.), a flea beetle ({Haltica nemorum}) injurious to turnips. {Black flux}, a mixture of carbonate of potash and charcoal, obtained by deflagrating tartar with half its weight of niter. --Brande & C. {Black fly}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) In the United States, a small, venomous, two-winged fly of the genus {Simulium} of several species, exceedingly abundant and troublesome in the northern forests. The larv[91] are aquatic. (b) A black plant louse, as the bean aphis ({A. fab[91]}). {Black Forest} [a translation of G. Schwarzwald], a forest in Baden and W[81]rtemburg, in Germany; a part of the ancient Hercynian forest. {Black game}, or {Black grouse}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Blackcock}, {Grouse}, and {Heath grouse}. {Black grass} (Bot.), a grasslike rush of the species {Juncus Gerardi}, growing on salt marshes, and making good hay. {Black gum} (Bot.), an American tree, the tupelo or pepperidge. See {Tupelo}. {Black Hamburg (grape)} (Bot.), a sweet and juicy variety of dark purple or [bd]black[b8] grape. {Black horse} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the Mississippi valley ({Cycleptus elongatus}), of the sucker family; the Missouri sucker. {Black lemur} (Zo[94]l.), the {Lemurniger} of Madagascar; the {acoumbo} of the natives. {Black list}, a list of persons who are for some reason thought deserving of censure or punishment; -- esp. a list of persons stigmatized as insolvent or untrustworthy, made for the protection of tradesmen or employers. See {Blacklist}, v. t. {Black manganese} (Chem.), the black oxide of manganese, {MnO2}. {Black Maria}, the close wagon in which prisoners are carried to or from jail. {Black martin} (Zo[94]l.), the chimney swift. See {Swift}. {Black moss} (Bot.), the common so-called long moss of the southern United States. See {Tillandsia}. {Black oak}. See under {Oak}. {Black ocher}. See {Wad}. {Black pigment}, a very fine, light carbonaceous substance, or lampblack, prepared chiefly for the manufacture of printers' ink. It is obtained by burning common coal tar. {Black plate}, sheet iron before it is tinned. --Knight. {Black quarter}, malignant anthrax with engorgement of a shoulder or quarter, etc., as of an ox. {Black rat} (Zo[94]l.), one of the species of rats ({Mus rattus}), commonly infesting houses. {Black rent}. See {Blackmail}, n., 3. {Black rust}, a disease of wheat, in which a black, moist matter is deposited in the fissures of the grain. {Black sheep}, one in a family or company who is unlike the rest, and makes trouble. {Black silver}. (Min.) See under {Silver}. {Black and tan}, black mixed or spotted with tan color or reddish brown; -- used in describing certain breeds of dogs. {Black tea}. See under {Tea}. {Black tin} (Mining), tin ore (cassiterite), when dressed, stamped and washed, ready for smelting. It is in the form of a black powder, like fine sand. --Knight. {Black walnut}. See under {Walnut}. {Black warrior} (Zo[94]l.), an American hawk ({Buteo Harlani}). Syn: Dark; murky; pitchy; inky; somber; dusky; gloomy; swart; Cimmerian; ebon; atrocious. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Heath \Heath\, n. [OE. heth waste land, the plant heath, AS. h[?][?]; akin to D. & G. heide, Icel. hei[?]r waste land, Dan. hede, Sw. hed, Goth. haipi field, L. bucetum a cow pasture; cf. W. coed a wood, Skr. ksh[?]tra field. [root]20.] 1. (Bot.) (a) A low shrub ({Erica, [or] Calluna, vulgaris}), with minute evergreen leaves, and handsome clusters of pink flowers. It is used in Great Britain for brooms, thatch, beds for the poor, and for heating ovens. It is also called {heather}, and {ling}. (b) Also, any species of the genus {Erica}, of which several are European, and many more are South African, some of great beauty. See Illust. of {Heather}. 2. A place overgrown with heath; any cheerless tract of country overgrown with shrubs or coarse herbage. Their stately growth, though bare, Stands on the blasted heath. --Milton {Heath cock} (Zo[94]l.), the blackcock. See {Heath grouse} (below). {Heath grass} (Bot.), a kind of perennial grass, of the genus {Triodia} ({T. decumbens}), growing on dry heaths. {Heath grouse}, [or] {Heath game} (Zo[94]l.), a European grouse ({Tetrao tetrix}), which inhabits heats; -- called also {black game}, {black grouse}, {heath poult}, {heath fowl}, {moor fowl}. The male is called, {heath cock}, and {blackcock}; the female, {heath hen}, and {gray hen}. {Heath hen}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Heath grouse} (above). {Heath pea} (bot.), a species of bitter vetch ({Lathyris macrorhizus}), the tubers of which are eaten, and in Scotland are used to flavor whisky. {Heath throstle} (Zo[94]l.), a European thrush which frequents heaths; the ring ouzel. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Black \Black\, a. [OE. blak, AS. bl[91]c; akin to Icel. blakkr dark, swarthy, Sw. bl[84]ck ink, Dan. bl[91]k, OHG. blach, LG. & D. blaken to burn with a black smoke. Not akin to AS. bl[be]c, E. bleak pallid. [?]98.] 1. Destitute of light, or incapable of reflecting it; of the color of soot or coal; of the darkest or a very dark color, the opposite of white; characterized by such a color; as, black cloth; black hair or eyes. O night, with hue so black! --Shak. 2. In a less literal sense: Enveloped or shrouded in darkness; very dark or gloomy; as, a black night; the heavens black with clouds. I spy a black, suspicious, threatening cloud. --Shak. 3. Fig.: Dismal, gloomy, or forbidding, like darkness; destitute of moral light or goodness; atrociously wicked; cruel; mournful; calamitous; horrible. [bd]This day's black fate.[b8] [bd]Black villainy.[b8] [bd]Arise, black vengeance.[b8] [bd]Black day.[b8] [bd]Black despair.[b8] --Shak. 4. Expressing menace, or discontent; threatening; sullen; foreboding; as, to regard one with black looks. Note: Black is often used in self-explaining compound words; as, black-eyed, black-faced, black-haired, black-visaged. {Black act}, the English statute 9 George I, which makes it a felony to appear armed in any park or warren, etc., or to hunt or steal deer, etc., with the face blackened or disguised. Subsequent acts inflicting heavy penalties for malicious injuries to cattle and machinery have been called black acts. {Black angel} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the West Indies and Florida ({Holacanthus tricolor}), with the head and tail yellow, and the middle of the body black. {Black antimony} (Chem.), the black sulphide of antimony, {Sb2S3}, used in pyrotechnics, etc. {Black bear} (Zo[94]l.), the common American bear ({Ursus Americanus}). {Black beast}. See {B[88]te noire}. {Black beetle} (Zo[94]l.), the common large cockroach ({Blatta orientalis}). {Black and blue}, the dark color of a bruise in the flesh, which is accompanied with a mixture of blue. [bd]To pinch the slatterns black and blue.[b8] --Hudibras. {Black bonnet} (Zo[94]l.), the black-headed bunting ({Embriza Sch[d2]niclus}) of Europe. {Black canker}, a disease in turnips and other crops, produced by a species of caterpillar. {Black cat} (Zo[94]l.), the fisher, a quadruped of North America allied to the sable, but larger. See {Fisher}. {Black cattle}, any bovine cattle reared for slaughter, in distinction from dairy cattle. [Eng.] {Black cherry}. See under {Cherry}. {Black cockatoo} (Zo[94]l.), the palm cockatoo. See {Cockatoo}. {Black copper}. Same as {Melaconite}. {Black currant}. (Bot.) See {Currant}. {Black diamond}. (Min.) See {Carbonado}. {Black draught} (Med.), a cathartic medicine, composed of senna and magnesia. {Black drop} (Med.), vinegar of opium; a narcotic preparation consisting essentially of a solution of opium in vinegar. {Black earth}, mold; earth of a dark color. --Woodward. {Black flag}, the flag of a pirate, often bearing in white a skull and crossbones; a signal of defiance. {Black flea} (Zo[94]l.), a flea beetle ({Haltica nemorum}) injurious to turnips. {Black flux}, a mixture of carbonate of potash and charcoal, obtained by deflagrating tartar with half its weight of niter. --Brande & C. {Black fly}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) In the United States, a small, venomous, two-winged fly of the genus {Simulium} of several species, exceedingly abundant and troublesome in the northern forests. The larv[91] are aquatic. (b) A black plant louse, as the bean aphis ({A. fab[91]}). {Black Forest} [a translation of G. Schwarzwald], a forest in Baden and W[81]rtemburg, in Germany; a part of the ancient Hercynian forest. {Black game}, or {Black grouse}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Blackcock}, {Grouse}, and {Heath grouse}. {Black grass} (Bot.), a grasslike rush of the species {Juncus Gerardi}, growing on salt marshes, and making good hay. {Black gum} (Bot.), an American tree, the tupelo or pepperidge. See {Tupelo}. {Black Hamburg (grape)} (Bot.), a sweet and juicy variety of dark purple or [bd]black[b8] grape. {Black horse} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the Mississippi valley ({Cycleptus elongatus}), of the sucker family; the Missouri sucker. {Black lemur} (Zo[94]l.), the {Lemurniger} of Madagascar; the {acoumbo} of the natives. {Black list}, a list of persons who are for some reason thought deserving of censure or punishment; -- esp. a list of persons stigmatized as insolvent or untrustworthy, made for the protection of tradesmen or employers. See {Blacklist}, v. t. {Black manganese} (Chem.), the black oxide of manganese, {MnO2}. {Black Maria}, the close wagon in which prisoners are carried to or from jail. {Black martin} (Zo[94]l.), the chimney swift. See {Swift}. {Black moss} (Bot.), the common so-called long moss of the southern United States. See {Tillandsia}. {Black oak}. See under {Oak}. {Black ocher}. See {Wad}. {Black pigment}, a very fine, light carbonaceous substance, or lampblack, prepared chiefly for the manufacture of printers' ink. It is obtained by burning common coal tar. {Black plate}, sheet iron before it is tinned. --Knight. {Black quarter}, malignant anthrax with engorgement of a shoulder or quarter, etc., as of an ox. {Black rat} (Zo[94]l.), one of the species of rats ({Mus rattus}), commonly infesting houses. {Black rent}. See {Blackmail}, n., 3. {Black rust}, a disease of wheat, in which a black, moist matter is deposited in the fissures of the grain. {Black sheep}, one in a family or company who is unlike the rest, and makes trouble. {Black silver}. (Min.) See under {Silver}. {Black and tan}, black mixed or spotted with tan color or reddish brown; -- used in describing certain breeds of dogs. {Black tea}. See under {Tea}. {Black tin} (Mining), tin ore (cassiterite), when dressed, stamped and washed, ready for smelting. It is in the form of a black powder, like fine sand. --Knight. {Black walnut}. See under {Walnut}. {Black warrior} (Zo[94]l.), an American hawk ({Buteo Harlani}). Syn: Dark; murky; pitchy; inky; somber; dusky; gloomy; swart; Cimmerian; ebon; atrocious. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Heath \Heath\, n. [OE. heth waste land, the plant heath, AS. h[?][?]; akin to D. & G. heide, Icel. hei[?]r waste land, Dan. hede, Sw. hed, Goth. haipi field, L. bucetum a cow pasture; cf. W. coed a wood, Skr. ksh[?]tra field. [root]20.] 1. (Bot.) (a) A low shrub ({Erica, [or] Calluna, vulgaris}), with minute evergreen leaves, and handsome clusters of pink flowers. It is used in Great Britain for brooms, thatch, beds for the poor, and for heating ovens. It is also called {heather}, and {ling}. (b) Also, any species of the genus {Erica}, of which several are European, and many more are South African, some of great beauty. See Illust. of {Heather}. 2. A place overgrown with heath; any cheerless tract of country overgrown with shrubs or coarse herbage. Their stately growth, though bare, Stands on the blasted heath. --Milton {Heath cock} (Zo[94]l.), the blackcock. See {Heath grouse} (below). {Heath grass} (Bot.), a kind of perennial grass, of the genus {Triodia} ({T. decumbens}), growing on dry heaths. {Heath grouse}, [or] {Heath game} (Zo[94]l.), a European grouse ({Tetrao tetrix}), which inhabits heats; -- called also {black game}, {black grouse}, {heath poult}, {heath fowl}, {moor fowl}. The male is called, {heath cock}, and {blackcock}; the female, {heath hen}, and {gray hen}. {Heath hen}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Heath grouse} (above). {Heath pea} (bot.), a species of bitter vetch ({Lathyris macrorhizus}), the tubers of which are eaten, and in Scotland are used to flavor whisky. {Heath throstle} (Zo[94]l.), a European thrush which frequents heaths; the ring ouzel. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blackfish \Black"fish\, n. 1. (Zo[94]l.) A small kind of whale, of the genus {Globicephalus}, of several species. The most common is {G. melas}. Also sometimes applied to other whales of larger size. 2. (Zo[94]l.) The tautog of New England ({Tautoga}). 3. (Zo[94]l.) The black sea bass ({Centropristis atrarius}) of the Atlantic coast. It is excellent food fish; -- locally called also {black Harry}. 4. (Zo[94]l.) A fish of southern Europe ({Centrolophus pompilus}) of the Mackerel family. 5. (Zo[94]l.) The female salmon in the spawning season. Note: The name is locally applied to other fishes. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Horehound \Hore"hound`\, n. [OE. horehune, AS. h[be]rhune; h[be]r hoar, gray + hune horehound; cf. L. cunila a species of organum, Gr. [?], Skr. kn[?]y to smell.] (Bot.) A plant of the genus {Marrubium} ({M. vulgare}), which has a bitter taste, and is a weak tonic, used as a household remedy for colds, coughing, etc. [Written also {hoarhound}.] {Fetid horehound}, [or] {Black horehound}, a disagreeable plant resembling horehound ({Ballota nigra}). {Water horehound}, a species of the genus {Lycopus}, resembling mint, but not aromatic. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sucker \Suck"er\ (s[ucr]k"[etil]r), n. 1. One who, or that which, sucks; esp., one of the organs by which certain animals, as the octopus and remora, adhere to other bodies. 2. A suckling; a sucking animal. --Beau. & Fl. 3. The embolus, or bucket, of a pump; also, the valve of a pump basket. --Boyle. 4. A pipe through which anything is drawn. 5. A small piece of leather, usually round, having a string attached to the center, which, when saturated with water and pressed upon a stone or other body having a smooth surface, adheres, by reason of the atmospheric pressure, with such force as to enable a considerable weight to be thus lifted by the string; -- used by children as a plaything. 6. (Bot.) A shoot from the roots or lower part of the stem of a plant; -- so called, perhaps, from diverting nourishment from the body of the plant. 7. (Zo[94]l.) (a) Any one of numerous species of North American fresh-water cyprinoid fishes of the family {Catostomid[91]}; so called because the lips are protrusile. The flesh is coarse, and they are of little value as food. The most common species of the Eastern United States are the northern sucker ({Catostomus Commersoni}), the white sucker ({C. teres}), the hog sucker ({C. nigricans}), and the chub, or sweet sucker ({Erimyzon sucetta}). Some of the large Western species are called {buffalo fish}, {red horse}, {black horse}, and {suckerel}. (b) The remora. (c) The lumpfish. (d) The hagfish, or myxine. (e) A California food fish ({Menticirrus undulatus}) closely allied to the kingfish (a); -- called also {bagre}. 8. A parasite; a sponger. See def. 6, above. They who constantly converse with men far above their estates shall reap shame and loss thereby; if thou payest nothing, they will count thee a sucker, no branch. --Fuller. 9. A hard drinker; a soaker. [Slang] 10. A greenhorn; one easily gulled. [Slang, U.S.] 11. A nickname applied to a native of Illinois. [U. S.] {Carp sucker}, {Cherry sucker}, etc. See under {Carp}, {Cherry}, etc. {Sucker fish}. See {Sucking fish}, under {Sucking}. {Sucker rod}, a pump rod. See under {Pump}. {Sucker tube} (Zo[94]l.), one of the external ambulacral tubes of an echinoderm, -- usually terminated by a sucker and used for locomotion. Called also {sucker foot}. See {Spatangoid}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Black \Black\, a. [OE. blak, AS. bl[91]c; akin to Icel. blakkr dark, swarthy, Sw. bl[84]ck ink, Dan. bl[91]k, OHG. blach, LG. & D. blaken to burn with a black smoke. Not akin to AS. bl[be]c, E. bleak pallid. [?]98.] 1. Destitute of light, or incapable of reflecting it; of the color of soot or coal; of the darkest or a very dark color, the opposite of white; characterized by such a color; as, black cloth; black hair or eyes. O night, with hue so black! --Shak. 2. In a less literal sense: Enveloped or shrouded in darkness; very dark or gloomy; as, a black night; the heavens black with clouds. I spy a black, suspicious, threatening cloud. --Shak. 3. Fig.: Dismal, gloomy, or forbidding, like darkness; destitute of moral light or goodness; atrociously wicked; cruel; mournful; calamitous; horrible. [bd]This day's black fate.[b8] [bd]Black villainy.[b8] [bd]Arise, black vengeance.[b8] [bd]Black day.[b8] [bd]Black despair.[b8] --Shak. 4. Expressing menace, or discontent; threatening; sullen; foreboding; as, to regard one with black looks. Note: Black is often used in self-explaining compound words; as, black-eyed, black-faced, black-haired, black-visaged. {Black act}, the English statute 9 George I, which makes it a felony to appear armed in any park or warren, etc., or to hunt or steal deer, etc., with the face blackened or disguised. Subsequent acts inflicting heavy penalties for malicious injuries to cattle and machinery have been called black acts. {Black angel} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the West Indies and Florida ({Holacanthus tricolor}), with the head and tail yellow, and the middle of the body black. {Black antimony} (Chem.), the black sulphide of antimony, {Sb2S3}, used in pyrotechnics, etc. {Black bear} (Zo[94]l.), the common American bear ({Ursus Americanus}). {Black beast}. See {B[88]te noire}. {Black beetle} (Zo[94]l.), the common large cockroach ({Blatta orientalis}). {Black and blue}, the dark color of a bruise in the flesh, which is accompanied with a mixture of blue. [bd]To pinch the slatterns black and blue.[b8] --Hudibras. {Black bonnet} (Zo[94]l.), the black-headed bunting ({Embriza Sch[d2]niclus}) of Europe. {Black canker}, a disease in turnips and other crops, produced by a species of caterpillar. {Black cat} (Zo[94]l.), the fisher, a quadruped of North America allied to the sable, but larger. See {Fisher}. {Black cattle}, any bovine cattle reared for slaughter, in distinction from dairy cattle. [Eng.] {Black cherry}. See under {Cherry}. {Black cockatoo} (Zo[94]l.), the palm cockatoo. See {Cockatoo}. {Black copper}. Same as {Melaconite}. {Black currant}. (Bot.) See {Currant}. {Black diamond}. (Min.) See {Carbonado}. {Black draught} (Med.), a cathartic medicine, composed of senna and magnesia. {Black drop} (Med.), vinegar of opium; a narcotic preparation consisting essentially of a solution of opium in vinegar. {Black earth}, mold; earth of a dark color. --Woodward. {Black flag}, the flag of a pirate, often bearing in white a skull and crossbones; a signal of defiance. {Black flea} (Zo[94]l.), a flea beetle ({Haltica nemorum}) injurious to turnips. {Black flux}, a mixture of carbonate of potash and charcoal, obtained by deflagrating tartar with half its weight of niter. --Brande & C. {Black fly}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) In the United States, a small, venomous, two-winged fly of the genus {Simulium} of several species, exceedingly abundant and troublesome in the northern forests. The larv[91] are aquatic. (b) A black plant louse, as the bean aphis ({A. fab[91]}). {Black Forest} [a translation of G. Schwarzwald], a forest in Baden and W[81]rtemburg, in Germany; a part of the ancient Hercynian forest. {Black game}, or {Black grouse}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Blackcock}, {Grouse}, and {Heath grouse}. {Black grass} (Bot.), a grasslike rush of the species {Juncus Gerardi}, growing on salt marshes, and making good hay. {Black gum} (Bot.), an American tree, the tupelo or pepperidge. See {Tupelo}. {Black Hamburg (grape)} (Bot.), a sweet and juicy variety of dark purple or [bd]black[b8] grape. {Black horse} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the Mississippi valley ({Cycleptus elongatus}), of the sucker family; the Missouri sucker. {Black lemur} (Zo[94]l.), the {Lemurniger} of Madagascar; the {acoumbo} of the natives. {Black list}, a list of persons who are for some reason thought deserving of censure or punishment; -- esp. a list of persons stigmatized as insolvent or untrustworthy, made for the protection of tradesmen or employers. See {Blacklist}, v. t. {Black manganese} (Chem.), the black oxide of manganese, {MnO2}. {Black Maria}, the close wagon in which prisoners are carried to or from jail. {Black martin} (Zo[94]l.), the chimney swift. See {Swift}. {Black moss} (Bot.), the common so-called long moss of the southern United States. See {Tillandsia}. {Black oak}. See under {Oak}. {Black ocher}. See {Wad}. {Black pigment}, a very fine, light carbonaceous substance, or lampblack, prepared chiefly for the manufacture of printers' ink. It is obtained by burning common coal tar. {Black plate}, sheet iron before it is tinned. --Knight. {Black quarter}, malignant anthrax with engorgement of a shoulder or quarter, etc., as of an ox. {Black rat} (Zo[94]l.), one of the species of rats ({Mus rattus}), commonly infesting houses. {Black rent}. See {Blackmail}, n., 3. {Black rust}, a disease of wheat, in which a black, moist matter is deposited in the fissures of the grain. {Black sheep}, one in a family or company who is unlike the rest, and makes trouble. {Black silver}. (Min.) See under {Silver}. {Black and tan}, black mixed or spotted with tan color or reddish brown; -- used in describing certain breeds of dogs. {Black tea}. See under {Tea}. {Black tin} (Mining), tin ore (cassiterite), when dressed, stamped and washed, ready for smelting. It is in the form of a black powder, like fine sand. --Knight. {Black walnut}. See under {Walnut}. {Black warrior} (Zo[94]l.), an American hawk ({Buteo Harlani}). Syn: Dark; murky; pitchy; inky; somber; dusky; gloomy; swart; Cimmerian; ebon; atrocious. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
3. Mounted soldiery; cavalry; -- used without the plural termination; as, a regiment of horse; -- distinguished from foot. The armies were appointed, consisting of twenty-five thousand horse and foot. --Bacon. 4. A frame with legs, used to support something; as, a clotheshorse, a sawhorse, etc. 5. A frame of timber, shaped like a horse, on which soldiers were made to ride for punishment. 6. Anything, actual or figurative, on which one rides as on a horse; a hobby. 7. (Mining) A mass of earthy matter, or rock of the same character as the wall rock, occurring in the course of a vein, as of coal or ore; hence, to take horse -- said of a vein -- is to divide into branches for a distance. 8. (Naut.) (a) See {Footrope}, a. (b) A breastband for a leadsman. (c) An iron bar for a sheet traveler to slide upon. (d) A jackstay. --W. C. Russell. --Totten. Note: Horse is much used adjectively and in composition to signify of, or having to do with, a horse or horses, like a horse, etc.; as, horse collar, horse dealer or horse[?]dealer, horsehoe, horse jockey; and hence, often in the sense of strong, loud, coarse, etc.; as, horselaugh, horse nettle or horse-nettle, horseplay, horse ant, etc. {Black horse}, {Blood horse}, etc. See under {Black}, etc. {Horse aloes}, caballine aloes. {Horse ant} (Zo[94]l.), a large ant ({Formica rufa}); -- called also {horse emmet}. {Horse artillery}, that portion of the artillery in which the cannoneers are mounted, and which usually serves with the cavalry; flying artillery. {Horse balm} (Bot.), a strong-scented labiate plant ({Collinsonia Canadensis}), having large leaves and yellowish flowers. {Horse bean} (Bot.), a variety of the English or Windsor bean ({Faba vulgaris}), grown for feeding horses. {Horse boat}, a boat for conveying horses and cattle, or a boat propelled by horses. {Horse bot}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Botfly}, and {Bots}. {Horse box}, a railroad car for transporting valuable horses, as hunters. [Eng.] {Horse} {breaker [or] trainer}, one employed in subduing or training horses for use. {Horse car}. (a) A railroad car drawn by horses. See under {Car}. (b) A car fitted for transporting horses. {Horse cassia} (Bot.), a leguminous plant ({Cassia Javanica}), bearing long pods, which contain a black, catharic pulp, much used in the East Indies as a horse medicine. {Horse cloth}, a cloth to cover a horse. {Horse conch} (Zo[94]l.), a large, spiral, marine shell of the genus Triton. See {Triton}. {Horse courser}. (a) One that runs horses, or keeps horses for racing. --Johnson. (b) A dealer in horses. [Obs.] --Wiseman. {Horse crab} (Zo[94]l.), the Limulus; -- called also {horsefoot}, {horsehoe crab}, and {king crab}. {Horse crevall[82]} (Zo[94]l.), the cavally. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sucker \Suck"er\ (s[ucr]k"[etil]r), n. 1. One who, or that which, sucks; esp., one of the organs by which certain animals, as the octopus and remora, adhere to other bodies. 2. A suckling; a sucking animal. --Beau. & Fl. 3. The embolus, or bucket, of a pump; also, the valve of a pump basket. --Boyle. 4. A pipe through which anything is drawn. 5. A small piece of leather, usually round, having a string attached to the center, which, when saturated with water and pressed upon a stone or other body having a smooth surface, adheres, by reason of the atmospheric pressure, with such force as to enable a considerable weight to be thus lifted by the string; -- used by children as a plaything. 6. (Bot.) A shoot from the roots or lower part of the stem of a plant; -- so called, perhaps, from diverting nourishment from the body of the plant. 7. (Zo[94]l.) (a) Any one of numerous species of North American fresh-water cyprinoid fishes of the family {Catostomid[91]}; so called because the lips are protrusile. The flesh is coarse, and they are of little value as food. The most common species of the Eastern United States are the northern sucker ({Catostomus Commersoni}), the white sucker ({C. teres}), the hog sucker ({C. nigricans}), and the chub, or sweet sucker ({Erimyzon sucetta}). Some of the large Western species are called {buffalo fish}, {red horse}, {black horse}, and {suckerel}. (b) The remora. (c) The lumpfish. (d) The hagfish, or myxine. (e) A California food fish ({Menticirrus undulatus}) closely allied to the kingfish (a); -- called also {bagre}. 8. A parasite; a sponger. See def. 6, above. They who constantly converse with men far above their estates shall reap shame and loss thereby; if thou payest nothing, they will count thee a sucker, no branch. --Fuller. 9. A hard drinker; a soaker. [Slang] 10. A greenhorn; one easily gulled. [Slang, U.S.] 11. A nickname applied to a native of Illinois. [U. S.] {Carp sucker}, {Cherry sucker}, etc. See under {Carp}, {Cherry}, etc. {Sucker fish}. See {Sucking fish}, under {Sucking}. {Sucker rod}, a pump rod. See under {Pump}. {Sucker tube} (Zo[94]l.), one of the external ambulacral tubes of an echinoderm, -- usually terminated by a sucker and used for locomotion. Called also {sucker foot}. See {Spatangoid}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Black \Black\, a. [OE. blak, AS. bl[91]c; akin to Icel. blakkr dark, swarthy, Sw. bl[84]ck ink, Dan. bl[91]k, OHG. blach, LG. & D. blaken to burn with a black smoke. Not akin to AS. bl[be]c, E. bleak pallid. [?]98.] 1. Destitute of light, or incapable of reflecting it; of the color of soot or coal; of the darkest or a very dark color, the opposite of white; characterized by such a color; as, black cloth; black hair or eyes. O night, with hue so black! --Shak. 2. In a less literal sense: Enveloped or shrouded in darkness; very dark or gloomy; as, a black night; the heavens black with clouds. I spy a black, suspicious, threatening cloud. --Shak. 3. Fig.: Dismal, gloomy, or forbidding, like darkness; destitute of moral light or goodness; atrociously wicked; cruel; mournful; calamitous; horrible. [bd]This day's black fate.[b8] [bd]Black villainy.[b8] [bd]Arise, black vengeance.[b8] [bd]Black day.[b8] [bd]Black despair.[b8] --Shak. 4. Expressing menace, or discontent; threatening; sullen; foreboding; as, to regard one with black looks. Note: Black is often used in self-explaining compound words; as, black-eyed, black-faced, black-haired, black-visaged. {Black act}, the English statute 9 George I, which makes it a felony to appear armed in any park or warren, etc., or to hunt or steal deer, etc., with the face blackened or disguised. Subsequent acts inflicting heavy penalties for malicious injuries to cattle and machinery have been called black acts. {Black angel} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the West Indies and Florida ({Holacanthus tricolor}), with the head and tail yellow, and the middle of the body black. {Black antimony} (Chem.), the black sulphide of antimony, {Sb2S3}, used in pyrotechnics, etc. {Black bear} (Zo[94]l.), the common American bear ({Ursus Americanus}). {Black beast}. See {B[88]te noire}. {Black beetle} (Zo[94]l.), the common large cockroach ({Blatta orientalis}). {Black and blue}, the dark color of a bruise in the flesh, which is accompanied with a mixture of blue. [bd]To pinch the slatterns black and blue.[b8] --Hudibras. {Black bonnet} (Zo[94]l.), the black-headed bunting ({Embriza Sch[d2]niclus}) of Europe. {Black canker}, a disease in turnips and other crops, produced by a species of caterpillar. {Black cat} (Zo[94]l.), the fisher, a quadruped of North America allied to the sable, but larger. See {Fisher}. {Black cattle}, any bovine cattle reared for slaughter, in distinction from dairy cattle. [Eng.] {Black cherry}. See under {Cherry}. {Black cockatoo} (Zo[94]l.), the palm cockatoo. See {Cockatoo}. {Black copper}. Same as {Melaconite}. {Black currant}. (Bot.) See {Currant}. {Black diamond}. (Min.) See {Carbonado}. {Black draught} (Med.), a cathartic medicine, composed of senna and magnesia. {Black drop} (Med.), vinegar of opium; a narcotic preparation consisting essentially of a solution of opium in vinegar. {Black earth}, mold; earth of a dark color. --Woodward. {Black flag}, the flag of a pirate, often bearing in white a skull and crossbones; a signal of defiance. {Black flea} (Zo[94]l.), a flea beetle ({Haltica nemorum}) injurious to turnips. {Black flux}, a mixture of carbonate of potash and charcoal, obtained by deflagrating tartar with half its weight of niter. --Brande & C. {Black fly}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) In the United States, a small, venomous, two-winged fly of the genus {Simulium} of several species, exceedingly abundant and troublesome in the northern forests. The larv[91] are aquatic. (b) A black plant louse, as the bean aphis ({A. fab[91]}). {Black Forest} [a translation of G. Schwarzwald], a forest in Baden and W[81]rtemburg, in Germany; a part of the ancient Hercynian forest. {Black game}, or {Black grouse}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Blackcock}, {Grouse}, and {Heath grouse}. {Black grass} (Bot.), a grasslike rush of the species {Juncus Gerardi}, growing on salt marshes, and making good hay. {Black gum} (Bot.), an American tree, the tupelo or pepperidge. See {Tupelo}. {Black Hamburg (grape)} (Bot.), a sweet and juicy variety of dark purple or [bd]black[b8] grape. {Black horse} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the Mississippi valley ({Cycleptus elongatus}), of the sucker family; the Missouri sucker. {Black lemur} (Zo[94]l.), the {Lemurniger} of Madagascar; the {acoumbo} of the natives. {Black list}, a list of persons who are for some reason thought deserving of censure or punishment; -- esp. a list of persons stigmatized as insolvent or untrustworthy, made for the protection of tradesmen or employers. See {Blacklist}, v. t. {Black manganese} (Chem.), the black oxide of manganese, {MnO2}. {Black Maria}, the close wagon in which prisoners are carried to or from jail. {Black martin} (Zo[94]l.), the chimney swift. See {Swift}. {Black moss} (Bot.), the common so-called long moss of the southern United States. See {Tillandsia}. {Black oak}. See under {Oak}. {Black ocher}. See {Wad}. {Black pigment}, a very fine, light carbonaceous substance, or lampblack, prepared chiefly for the manufacture of printers' ink. It is obtained by burning common coal tar. {Black plate}, sheet iron before it is tinned. --Knight. {Black quarter}, malignant anthrax with engorgement of a shoulder or quarter, etc., as of an ox. {Black rat} (Zo[94]l.), one of the species of rats ({Mus rattus}), commonly infesting houses. {Black rent}. See {Blackmail}, n., 3. {Black rust}, a disease of wheat, in which a black, moist matter is deposited in the fissures of the grain. {Black sheep}, one in a family or company who is unlike the rest, and makes trouble. {Black silver}. (Min.) See under {Silver}. {Black and tan}, black mixed or spotted with tan color or reddish brown; -- used in describing certain breeds of dogs. {Black tea}. See under {Tea}. {Black tin} (Mining), tin ore (cassiterite), when dressed, stamped and washed, ready for smelting. It is in the form of a black powder, like fine sand. --Knight. {Black walnut}. See under {Walnut}. {Black warrior} (Zo[94]l.), an American hawk ({Buteo Harlani}). Syn: Dark; murky; pitchy; inky; somber; dusky; gloomy; swart; Cimmerian; ebon; atrocious. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
3. Mounted soldiery; cavalry; -- used without the plural termination; as, a regiment of horse; -- distinguished from foot. The armies were appointed, consisting of twenty-five thousand horse and foot. --Bacon. 4. A frame with legs, used to support something; as, a clotheshorse, a sawhorse, etc. 5. A frame of timber, shaped like a horse, on which soldiers were made to ride for punishment. 6. Anything, actual or figurative, on which one rides as on a horse; a hobby. 7. (Mining) A mass of earthy matter, or rock of the same character as the wall rock, occurring in the course of a vein, as of coal or ore; hence, to take horse -- said of a vein -- is to divide into branches for a distance. 8. (Naut.) (a) See {Footrope}, a. (b) A breastband for a leadsman. (c) An iron bar for a sheet traveler to slide upon. (d) A jackstay. --W. C. Russell. --Totten. Note: Horse is much used adjectively and in composition to signify of, or having to do with, a horse or horses, like a horse, etc.; as, horse collar, horse dealer or horse[?]dealer, horsehoe, horse jockey; and hence, often in the sense of strong, loud, coarse, etc.; as, horselaugh, horse nettle or horse-nettle, horseplay, horse ant, etc. {Black horse}, {Blood horse}, etc. See under {Black}, etc. {Horse aloes}, caballine aloes. {Horse ant} (Zo[94]l.), a large ant ({Formica rufa}); -- called also {horse emmet}. {Horse artillery}, that portion of the artillery in which the cannoneers are mounted, and which usually serves with the cavalry; flying artillery. {Horse balm} (Bot.), a strong-scented labiate plant ({Collinsonia Canadensis}), having large leaves and yellowish flowers. {Horse bean} (Bot.), a variety of the English or Windsor bean ({Faba vulgaris}), grown for feeding horses. {Horse boat}, a boat for conveying horses and cattle, or a boat propelled by horses. {Horse bot}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Botfly}, and {Bots}. {Horse box}, a railroad car for transporting valuable horses, as hunters. [Eng.] {Horse} {breaker [or] trainer}, one employed in subduing or training horses for use. {Horse car}. (a) A railroad car drawn by horses. See under {Car}. (b) A car fitted for transporting horses. {Horse cassia} (Bot.), a leguminous plant ({Cassia Javanica}), bearing long pods, which contain a black, catharic pulp, much used in the East Indies as a horse medicine. {Horse cloth}, a cloth to cover a horse. {Horse conch} (Zo[94]l.), a large, spiral, marine shell of the genus Triton. See {Triton}. {Horse courser}. (a) One that runs horses, or keeps horses for racing. --Johnson. (b) A dealer in horses. [Obs.] --Wiseman. {Horse crab} (Zo[94]l.), the Limulus; -- called also {horsefoot}, {horsehoe crab}, and {king crab}. {Horse crevall[82]} (Zo[94]l.), the cavally. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Black \Black\, a. [OE. blak, AS. bl[91]c; akin to Icel. blakkr dark, swarthy, Sw. bl[84]ck ink, Dan. bl[91]k, OHG. blach, LG. & D. blaken to burn with a black smoke. Not akin to AS. bl[be]c, E. bleak pallid. [?]98.] 1. Destitute of light, or incapable of reflecting it; of the color of soot or coal; of the darkest or a very dark color, the opposite of white; characterized by such a color; as, black cloth; black hair or eyes. O night, with hue so black! --Shak. 2. In a less literal sense: Enveloped or shrouded in darkness; very dark or gloomy; as, a black night; the heavens black with clouds. I spy a black, suspicious, threatening cloud. --Shak. 3. Fig.: Dismal, gloomy, or forbidding, like darkness; destitute of moral light or goodness; atrociously wicked; cruel; mournful; calamitous; horrible. [bd]This day's black fate.[b8] [bd]Black villainy.[b8] [bd]Arise, black vengeance.[b8] [bd]Black day.[b8] [bd]Black despair.[b8] --Shak. 4. Expressing menace, or discontent; threatening; sullen; foreboding; as, to regard one with black looks. Note: Black is often used in self-explaining compound words; as, black-eyed, black-faced, black-haired, black-visaged. {Black act}, the English statute 9 George I, which makes it a felony to appear armed in any park or warren, etc., or to hunt or steal deer, etc., with the face blackened or disguised. Subsequent acts inflicting heavy penalties for malicious injuries to cattle and machinery have been called black acts. {Black angel} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the West Indies and Florida ({Holacanthus tricolor}), with the head and tail yellow, and the middle of the body black. {Black antimony} (Chem.), the black sulphide of antimony, {Sb2S3}, used in pyrotechnics, etc. {Black bear} (Zo[94]l.), the common American bear ({Ursus Americanus}). {Black beast}. See {B[88]te noire}. {Black beetle} (Zo[94]l.), the common large cockroach ({Blatta orientalis}). {Black and blue}, the dark color of a bruise in the flesh, which is accompanied with a mixture of blue. [bd]To pinch the slatterns black and blue.[b8] --Hudibras. {Black bonnet} (Zo[94]l.), the black-headed bunting ({Embriza Sch[d2]niclus}) of Europe. {Black canker}, a disease in turnips and other crops, produced by a species of caterpillar. {Black cat} (Zo[94]l.), the fisher, a quadruped of North America allied to the sable, but larger. See {Fisher}. {Black cattle}, any bovine cattle reared for slaughter, in distinction from dairy cattle. [Eng.] {Black cherry}. See under {Cherry}. {Black cockatoo} (Zo[94]l.), the palm cockatoo. See {Cockatoo}. {Black copper}. Same as {Melaconite}. {Black currant}. (Bot.) See {Currant}. {Black diamond}. (Min.) See {Carbonado}. {Black draught} (Med.), a cathartic medicine, composed of senna and magnesia. {Black drop} (Med.), vinegar of opium; a narcotic preparation consisting essentially of a solution of opium in vinegar. {Black earth}, mold; earth of a dark color. --Woodward. {Black flag}, the flag of a pirate, often bearing in white a skull and crossbones; a signal of defiance. {Black flea} (Zo[94]l.), a flea beetle ({Haltica nemorum}) injurious to turnips. {Black flux}, a mixture of carbonate of potash and charcoal, obtained by deflagrating tartar with half its weight of niter. --Brande & C. {Black fly}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) In the United States, a small, venomous, two-winged fly of the genus {Simulium} of several species, exceedingly abundant and troublesome in the northern forests. The larv[91] are aquatic. (b) A black plant louse, as the bean aphis ({A. fab[91]}). {Black Forest} [a translation of G. Schwarzwald], a forest in Baden and W[81]rtemburg, in Germany; a part of the ancient Hercynian forest. {Black game}, or {Black grouse}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Blackcock}, {Grouse}, and {Heath grouse}. {Black grass} (Bot.), a grasslike rush of the species {Juncus Gerardi}, growing on salt marshes, and making good hay. {Black gum} (Bot.), an American tree, the tupelo or pepperidge. See {Tupelo}. {Black Hamburg (grape)} (Bot.), a sweet and juicy variety of dark purple or [bd]black[b8] grape. {Black horse} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the Mississippi valley ({Cycleptus elongatus}), of the sucker family; the Missouri sucker. {Black lemur} (Zo[94]l.), the {Lemurniger} of Madagascar; the {acoumbo} of the natives. {Black list}, a list of persons who are for some reason thought deserving of censure or punishment; -- esp. a list of persons stigmatized as insolvent or untrustworthy, made for the protection of tradesmen or employers. See {Blacklist}, v. t. {Black manganese} (Chem.), the black oxide of manganese, {MnO2}. {Black Maria}, the close wagon in which prisoners are carried to or from jail. {Black martin} (Zo[94]l.), the chimney swift. See {Swift}. {Black moss} (Bot.), the common so-called long moss of the southern United States. See {Tillandsia}. {Black oak}. See under {Oak}. {Black ocher}. See {Wad}. {Black pigment}, a very fine, light carbonaceous substance, or lampblack, prepared chiefly for the manufacture of printers' ink. It is obtained by burning common coal tar. {Black plate}, sheet iron before it is tinned. --Knight. {Black quarter}, malignant anthrax with engorgement of a shoulder or quarter, etc., as of an ox. {Black rat} (Zo[94]l.), one of the species of rats ({Mus rattus}), commonly infesting houses. {Black rent}. See {Blackmail}, n., 3. {Black rust}, a disease of wheat, in which a black, moist matter is deposited in the fissures of the grain. {Black sheep}, one in a family or company who is unlike the rest, and makes trouble. {Black silver}. (Min.) See under {Silver}. {Black and tan}, black mixed or spotted with tan color or reddish brown; -- used in describing certain breeds of dogs. {Black tea}. See under {Tea}. {Black tin} (Mining), tin ore (cassiterite), when dressed, stamped and washed, ready for smelting. It is in the form of a black powder, like fine sand. --Knight. {Black walnut}. See under {Walnut}. {Black warrior} (Zo[94]l.), an American hawk ({Buteo Harlani}). Syn: Dark; murky; pitchy; inky; somber; dusky; gloomy; swart; Cimmerian; ebon; atrocious. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Black \Black\, a. [OE. blak, AS. bl[91]c; akin to Icel. blakkr dark, swarthy, Sw. bl[84]ck ink, Dan. bl[91]k, OHG. blach, LG. & D. blaken to burn with a black smoke. Not akin to AS. bl[be]c, E. bleak pallid. [?]98.] 1. Destitute of light, or incapable of reflecting it; of the color of soot or coal; of the darkest or a very dark color, the opposite of white; characterized by such a color; as, black cloth; black hair or eyes. O night, with hue so black! --Shak. 2. In a less literal sense: Enveloped or shrouded in darkness; very dark or gloomy; as, a black night; the heavens black with clouds. I spy a black, suspicious, threatening cloud. --Shak. 3. Fig.: Dismal, gloomy, or forbidding, like darkness; destitute of moral light or goodness; atrociously wicked; cruel; mournful; calamitous; horrible. [bd]This day's black fate.[b8] [bd]Black villainy.[b8] [bd]Arise, black vengeance.[b8] [bd]Black day.[b8] [bd]Black despair.[b8] --Shak. 4. Expressing menace, or discontent; threatening; sullen; foreboding; as, to regard one with black looks. Note: Black is often used in self-explaining compound words; as, black-eyed, black-faced, black-haired, black-visaged. {Black act}, the English statute 9 George I, which makes it a felony to appear armed in any park or warren, etc., or to hunt or steal deer, etc., with the face blackened or disguised. Subsequent acts inflicting heavy penalties for malicious injuries to cattle and machinery have been called black acts. {Black angel} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the West Indies and Florida ({Holacanthus tricolor}), with the head and tail yellow, and the middle of the body black. {Black antimony} (Chem.), the black sulphide of antimony, {Sb2S3}, used in pyrotechnics, etc. {Black bear} (Zo[94]l.), the common American bear ({Ursus Americanus}). {Black beast}. See {B[88]te noire}. {Black beetle} (Zo[94]l.), the common large cockroach ({Blatta orientalis}). {Black and blue}, the dark color of a bruise in the flesh, which is accompanied with a mixture of blue. [bd]To pinch the slatterns black and blue.[b8] --Hudibras. {Black bonnet} (Zo[94]l.), the black-headed bunting ({Embriza Sch[d2]niclus}) of Europe. {Black canker}, a disease in turnips and other crops, produced by a species of caterpillar. {Black cat} (Zo[94]l.), the fisher, a quadruped of North America allied to the sable, but larger. See {Fisher}. {Black cattle}, any bovine cattle reared for slaughter, in distinction from dairy cattle. [Eng.] {Black cherry}. See under {Cherry}. {Black cockatoo} (Zo[94]l.), the palm cockatoo. See {Cockatoo}. {Black copper}. Same as {Melaconite}. {Black currant}. (Bot.) See {Currant}. {Black diamond}. (Min.) See {Carbonado}. {Black draught} (Med.), a cathartic medicine, composed of senna and magnesia. {Black drop} (Med.), vinegar of opium; a narcotic preparation consisting essentially of a solution of opium in vinegar. {Black earth}, mold; earth of a dark color. --Woodward. {Black flag}, the flag of a pirate, often bearing in white a skull and crossbones; a signal of defiance. {Black flea} (Zo[94]l.), a flea beetle ({Haltica nemorum}) injurious to turnips. {Black flux}, a mixture of carbonate of potash and charcoal, obtained by deflagrating tartar with half its weight of niter. --Brande & C. {Black fly}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) In the United States, a small, venomous, two-winged fly of the genus {Simulium} of several species, exceedingly abundant and troublesome in the northern forests. The larv[91] are aquatic. (b) A black plant louse, as the bean aphis ({A. fab[91]}). {Black Forest} [a translation of G. Schwarzwald], a forest in Baden and W[81]rtemburg, in Germany; a part of the ancient Hercynian forest. {Black game}, or {Black grouse}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Blackcock}, {Grouse}, and {Heath grouse}. {Black grass} (Bot.), a grasslike rush of the species {Juncus Gerardi}, growing on salt marshes, and making good hay. {Black gum} (Bot.), an American tree, the tupelo or pepperidge. See {Tupelo}. {Black Hamburg (grape)} (Bot.), a sweet and juicy variety of dark purple or [bd]black[b8] grape. {Black horse} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the Mississippi valley ({Cycleptus elongatus}), of the sucker family; the Missouri sucker. {Black lemur} (Zo[94]l.), the {Lemurniger} of Madagascar; the {acoumbo} of the natives. {Black list}, a list of persons who are for some reason thought deserving of censure or punishment; -- esp. a list of persons stigmatized as insolvent or untrustworthy, made for the protection of tradesmen or employers. See {Blacklist}, v. t. {Black manganese} (Chem.), the black oxide of manganese, {MnO2}. {Black Maria}, the close wagon in which prisoners are carried to or from jail. {Black martin} (Zo[94]l.), the chimney swift. See {Swift}. {Black moss} (Bot.), the common so-called long moss of the southern United States. See {Tillandsia}. {Black oak}. See under {Oak}. {Black ocher}. See {Wad}. {Black pigment}, a very fine, light carbonaceous substance, or lampblack, prepared chiefly for the manufacture of printers' ink. It is obtained by burning common coal tar. {Black plate}, sheet iron before it is tinned. --Knight. {Black quarter}, malignant anthrax with engorgement of a shoulder or quarter, etc., as of an ox. {Black rat} (Zo[94]l.), one of the species of rats ({Mus rattus}), commonly infesting houses. {Black rent}. See {Blackmail}, n., 3. {Black rust}, a disease of wheat, in which a black, moist matter is deposited in the fissures of the grain. {Black sheep}, one in a family or company who is unlike the rest, and makes trouble. {Black silver}. (Min.) See under {Silver}. {Black and tan}, black mixed or spotted with tan color or reddish brown; -- used in describing certain breeds of dogs. {Black tea}. See under {Tea}. {Black tin} (Mining), tin ore (cassiterite), when dressed, stamped and washed, ready for smelting. It is in the form of a black powder, like fine sand. --Knight. {Black walnut}. See under {Walnut}. {Black warrior} (Zo[94]l.), an American hawk ({Buteo Harlani}). Syn: Dark; murky; pitchy; inky; somber; dusky; gloomy; swart; Cimmerian; ebon; atrocious. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rent \Rent\, n. [F. rente, LL. renta, fr. L. reddita, fem. sing. or neut. pl. of redditus, p. p. of reddere to give back, pay. See {Render}.] 1. Income; revenue. See {Catel}. [Obs.] [bd]Catel had they enough and rent.[b8] --Chaucer. [Bacchus] a waster was and all his rent In wine and bordel he dispent. --Gower. So bought an annual rent or two, And liv'd, just as you see I do. --Pope. 2. Pay; reward; share; toll. [Obs.] Death, that taketh of high and low his rent. --Chaucer. 3. (Law) A certain periodical profit, whether in money, provisions, chattels, or labor, issuing out of lands and tenements in payment for the use; commonly, a certain pecuniary sum agreed upon between a tenant and his landlord, paid at fixed intervals by the lessee to the lessor, for the use of land or its appendages; as, rent for a farm, a house, a park, etc. Note: The term rent is also popularly applied to compensation for the use of certain personal chattels, as a piano, a sewing machine, etc. {Black rent}. See {Blackmail}, 3. {Forehand rent}, rent which is paid in advance; foregift. {Rent arrear}, rent in arrears; unpaid rent. --Blackstone. {Rent charge} (Law), a rent reserved on a conveyance of land in fee simple, or granted out of lands by deed; -- so called because, by a covenant or clause in the deed of conveyance, the land is charged with a distress for the payment of it. --Bouvier. {Rent roll}, a list or account of rents or income; a rental. {Rent seck} (Law), a rent reserved by deed, but without any clause of distress; barren rent. A power of distress was made incident to rent seck by Statute 4 George II. c. 28. {Rent service} (Eng. Law), rent reserved out of land held by fealty or other corporeal service; -- so called from such service being incident to it. {White rent}, a quitrent when paid in silver; -- opposed to black rent. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Black \Black\, a. [OE. blak, AS. bl[91]c; akin to Icel. blakkr dark, swarthy, Sw. bl[84]ck ink, Dan. bl[91]k, OHG. blach, LG. & D. blaken to burn with a black smoke. Not akin to AS. bl[be]c, E. bleak pallid. [?]98.] 1. Destitute of light, or incapable of reflecting it; of the color of soot or coal; of the darkest or a very dark color, the opposite of white; characterized by such a color; as, black cloth; black hair or eyes. O night, with hue so black! --Shak. 2. In a less literal sense: Enveloped or shrouded in darkness; very dark or gloomy; as, a black night; the heavens black with clouds. I spy a black, suspicious, threatening cloud. --Shak. 3. Fig.: Dismal, gloomy, or forbidding, like darkness; destitute of moral light or goodness; atrociously wicked; cruel; mournful; calamitous; horrible. [bd]This day's black fate.[b8] [bd]Black villainy.[b8] [bd]Arise, black vengeance.[b8] [bd]Black day.[b8] [bd]Black despair.[b8] --Shak. 4. Expressing menace, or discontent; threatening; sullen; foreboding; as, to regard one with black looks. Note: Black is often used in self-explaining compound words; as, black-eyed, black-faced, black-haired, black-visaged. {Black act}, the English statute 9 George I, which makes it a felony to appear armed in any park or warren, etc., or to hunt or steal deer, etc., with the face blackened or disguised. Subsequent acts inflicting heavy penalties for malicious injuries to cattle and machinery have been called black acts. {Black angel} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the West Indies and Florida ({Holacanthus tricolor}), with the head and tail yellow, and the middle of the body black. {Black antimony} (Chem.), the black sulphide of antimony, {Sb2S3}, used in pyrotechnics, etc. {Black bear} (Zo[94]l.), the common American bear ({Ursus Americanus}). {Black beast}. See {B[88]te noire}. {Black beetle} (Zo[94]l.), the common large cockroach ({Blatta orientalis}). {Black and blue}, the dark color of a bruise in the flesh, which is accompanied with a mixture of blue. [bd]To pinch the slatterns black and blue.[b8] --Hudibras. {Black bonnet} (Zo[94]l.), the black-headed bunting ({Embriza Sch[d2]niclus}) of Europe. {Black canker}, a disease in turnips and other crops, produced by a species of caterpillar. {Black cat} (Zo[94]l.), the fisher, a quadruped of North America allied to the sable, but larger. See {Fisher}. {Black cattle}, any bovine cattle reared for slaughter, in distinction from dairy cattle. [Eng.] {Black cherry}. See under {Cherry}. {Black cockatoo} (Zo[94]l.), the palm cockatoo. See {Cockatoo}. {Black copper}. Same as {Melaconite}. {Black currant}. (Bot.) See {Currant}. {Black diamond}. (Min.) See {Carbonado}. {Black draught} (Med.), a cathartic medicine, composed of senna and magnesia. {Black drop} (Med.), vinegar of opium; a narcotic preparation consisting essentially of a solution of opium in vinegar. {Black earth}, mold; earth of a dark color. --Woodward. {Black flag}, the flag of a pirate, often bearing in white a skull and crossbones; a signal of defiance. {Black flea} (Zo[94]l.), a flea beetle ({Haltica nemorum}) injurious to turnips. {Black flux}, a mixture of carbonate of potash and charcoal, obtained by deflagrating tartar with half its weight of niter. --Brande & C. {Black fly}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) In the United States, a small, venomous, two-winged fly of the genus {Simulium} of several species, exceedingly abundant and troublesome in the northern forests. The larv[91] are aquatic. (b) A black plant louse, as the bean aphis ({A. fab[91]}). {Black Forest} [a translation of G. Schwarzwald], a forest in Baden and W[81]rtemburg, in Germany; a part of the ancient Hercynian forest. {Black game}, or {Black grouse}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Blackcock}, {Grouse}, and {Heath grouse}. {Black grass} (Bot.), a grasslike rush of the species {Juncus Gerardi}, growing on salt marshes, and making good hay. {Black gum} (Bot.), an American tree, the tupelo or pepperidge. See {Tupelo}. {Black Hamburg (grape)} (Bot.), a sweet and juicy variety of dark purple or [bd]black[b8] grape. {Black horse} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the Mississippi valley ({Cycleptus elongatus}), of the sucker family; the Missouri sucker. {Black lemur} (Zo[94]l.), the {Lemurniger} of Madagascar; the {acoumbo} of the natives. {Black list}, a list of persons who are for some reason thought deserving of censure or punishment; -- esp. a list of persons stigmatized as insolvent or untrustworthy, made for the protection of tradesmen or employers. See {Blacklist}, v. t. {Black manganese} (Chem.), the black oxide of manganese, {MnO2}. {Black Maria}, the close wagon in which prisoners are carried to or from jail. {Black martin} (Zo[94]l.), the chimney swift. See {Swift}. {Black moss} (Bot.), the common so-called long moss of the southern United States. See {Tillandsia}. {Black oak}. See under {Oak}. {Black ocher}. See {Wad}. {Black pigment}, a very fine, light carbonaceous substance, or lampblack, prepared chiefly for the manufacture of printers' ink. It is obtained by burning common coal tar. {Black plate}, sheet iron before it is tinned. --Knight. {Black quarter}, malignant anthrax with engorgement of a shoulder or quarter, etc., as of an ox. {Black rat} (Zo[94]l.), one of the species of rats ({Mus rattus}), commonly infesting houses. {Black rent}. See {Blackmail}, n., 3. {Black rust}, a disease of wheat, in which a black, moist matter is deposited in the fissures of the grain. {Black sheep}, one in a family or company who is unlike the rest, and makes trouble. {Black silver}. (Min.) See under {Silver}. {Black and tan}, black mixed or spotted with tan color or reddish brown; -- used in describing certain breeds of dogs. {Black tea}. See under {Tea}. {Black tin} (Mining), tin ore (cassiterite), when dressed, stamped and washed, ready for smelting. It is in the form of a black powder, like fine sand. --Knight. {Black walnut}. See under {Walnut}. {Black warrior} (Zo[94]l.), an American hawk ({Buteo Harlani}). Syn: Dark; murky; pitchy; inky; somber; dusky; gloomy; swart; Cimmerian; ebon; atrocious. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rod \Rod\, n. [The same word as rood. See {Rood}.] 1. A straight and slender stick; a wand; hence, any slender bar, as of wood or metal (applied to various purposes). Specifically: (a) An instrument of punishment or correction; figuratively, chastisement. He that spareth his rod hateth his son. --Prov. xiii. 24. (b) A kind of sceptor, or badge of office; hence, figuratively, power; authority; tyranny; oppression. [bd]The rod, and bird of peace.[b8] --Shak. (c) A support for a fishing line; a fish pole. --Gay. (d) (Mach. & Structure) A member used in tension, as for sustaining a suspended weight, or in tension and compression, as for transmitting reciprocating motion, etc.; a connecting bar. (e) An instrument for measuring. 2. A measure of length containing sixteen and a half feet; -- called also {perch}, and {pole}. {Black rod}. See in the Vocabulary. {Rods and cones} (Anat.), the elongated cells or elements of the sensory layer of the retina, some of which are cylindrical, others somewhat conical. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Black Rod \Black" Rod`\ (a) the usher to the Chapter of the Garter, so called from the black rod which he carries. He is of the king's chamber, and also usher to the House of Lords. [Eng.] (b) An usher in the legislature of British colonies. --Cowell. Committed to the custody of the Black Rod. --Macaulay. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rod \Rod\, n. [The same word as rood. See {Rood}.] 1. A straight and slender stick; a wand; hence, any slender bar, as of wood or metal (applied to various purposes). Specifically: (a) An instrument of punishment or correction; figuratively, chastisement. He that spareth his rod hateth his son. --Prov. xiii. 24. (b) A kind of sceptor, or badge of office; hence, figuratively, power; authority; tyranny; oppression. [bd]The rod, and bird of peace.[b8] --Shak. (c) A support for a fishing line; a fish pole. --Gay. (d) (Mach. & Structure) A member used in tension, as for sustaining a suspended weight, or in tension and compression, as for transmitting reciprocating motion, etc.; a connecting bar. (e) An instrument for measuring. 2. A measure of length containing sixteen and a half feet; -- called also {perch}, and {pole}. {Black rod}. See in the Vocabulary. {Rods and cones} (Anat.), the elongated cells or elements of the sensory layer of the retina, some of which are cylindrical, others somewhat conical. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Black Rod \Black" Rod`\ (a) the usher to the Chapter of the Garter, so called from the black rod which he carries. He is of the king's chamber, and also usher to the House of Lords. [Eng.] (b) An usher in the legislature of British colonies. --Cowell. Committed to the custody of the Black Rod. --Macaulay. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rot \Rot\, n. 1. Process of rotting; decay; putrefaction. 2. (Bot.) A disease or decay in fruits, leaves, or wood, supposed to be caused by minute fungi. See {Bitter rot}, {Black rot}, etc., below. 3. [Cf. G. rotz glanders.] A fatal distemper which attacks sheep and sometimes other animals. It is due to the presence of a parasitic worm in the liver or gall bladder. See 1st {Fluke}, 2. His cattle must of rot and murrain die. --Milton. {Bitter rot} (Bot.), a disease of apples, caused by the fungus {Gl[91]osporium fructigenum}. --F. L. Scribner. {Black rot} (Bot.), a disease of grapevines, attacking the leaves and fruit, caused by the fungus {L[91]stadia Bidwellii}. --F. L. Scribner. {Dry rot} (Bot.) See under {Dry}. {Grinder's rot} (Med.) See under {Grinder}. {Potato rot}. (Bot.) See under {Potato}. {White rot} (Bot.), a disease of grapes, first appearing in whitish pustules on the fruit, caused by the fungus {Coniothyrium diplodiella}. --F. L. Scribner. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rudder \Rud"der\, n. [OE. rother, AS. r[omac][edh]er a paddle; akin to D. roer rudder, oar, G. ruder, OHG. roadar, Sw. roder, ror, Dan. roer, ror. [root] 8. See {Row} to propel with an oar, and cf. {Rother}. ] 1. (Naut.) The mechanical appliance by means of which a vessel is guided or steered when in motion. It is a broad and flat blade made of wood or iron, with a long shank, and is fastened in an upright position, usually by one edge, to the sternpost of the vessel in such a way that it can be turned from side to side in the water by means of a tiller, wheel, or other attachment. 2. Fig.: That which resembles a rudder as a guide or governor; that which guides or governs the course. For rhyme the rudder is of verses. --Hudibras. {Balance rudder} (Naut.), a rudder pivoted near the middle instead of at the edge, -- common on sharpies. {Drop rudder} (Naut.), a rudder extending below the keel so as to be more effective in steering. {Rudder chain} (Naut.), one of the loose chains or ropes which fasten the rudder to the quarters to prevent its loss in case it gets unshipped, and for operating it in case the tiller or the wheel is broken. {Rudder coat} (Naut.), a covering of tarred canvas used to prevent water from entering the rudderhole. {Rudder fish}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) The pilot fish. (b) The amber fish ({Seriola zonata}), which is bluish having six broad black bands. (c) A plain greenish black American fish ({Leirus perciformis}); -- called also {black rudder fish}, {logfish}, and {barrel fish}. The name is also applied to other fishes which follow vessels. {Rudder pendants} (Naut.), ropes connected with the rudder chains. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Black \Black\, a. [OE. blak, AS. bl[91]c; akin to Icel. blakkr dark, swarthy, Sw. bl[84]ck ink, Dan. bl[91]k, OHG. blach, LG. & D. blaken to burn with a black smoke. Not akin to AS. bl[be]c, E. bleak pallid. [?]98.] 1. Destitute of light, or incapable of reflecting it; of the color of soot or coal; of the darkest or a very dark color, the opposite of white; characterized by such a color; as, black cloth; black hair or eyes. O night, with hue so black! --Shak. 2. In a less literal sense: Enveloped or shrouded in darkness; very dark or gloomy; as, a black night; the heavens black with clouds. I spy a black, suspicious, threatening cloud. --Shak. 3. Fig.: Dismal, gloomy, or forbidding, like darkness; destitute of moral light or goodness; atrociously wicked; cruel; mournful; calamitous; horrible. [bd]This day's black fate.[b8] [bd]Black villainy.[b8] [bd]Arise, black vengeance.[b8] [bd]Black day.[b8] [bd]Black despair.[b8] --Shak. 4. Expressing menace, or discontent; threatening; sullen; foreboding; as, to regard one with black looks. Note: Black is often used in self-explaining compound words; as, black-eyed, black-faced, black-haired, black-visaged. {Black act}, the English statute 9 George I, which makes it a felony to appear armed in any park or warren, etc., or to hunt or steal deer, etc., with the face blackened or disguised. Subsequent acts inflicting heavy penalties for malicious injuries to cattle and machinery have been called black acts. {Black angel} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the West Indies and Florida ({Holacanthus tricolor}), with the head and tail yellow, and the middle of the body black. {Black antimony} (Chem.), the black sulphide of antimony, {Sb2S3}, used in pyrotechnics, etc. {Black bear} (Zo[94]l.), the common American bear ({Ursus Americanus}). {Black beast}. See {B[88]te noire}. {Black beetle} (Zo[94]l.), the common large cockroach ({Blatta orientalis}). {Black and blue}, the dark color of a bruise in the flesh, which is accompanied with a mixture of blue. [bd]To pinch the slatterns black and blue.[b8] --Hudibras. {Black bonnet} (Zo[94]l.), the black-headed bunting ({Embriza Sch[d2]niclus}) of Europe. {Black canker}, a disease in turnips and other crops, produced by a species of caterpillar. {Black cat} (Zo[94]l.), the fisher, a quadruped of North America allied to the sable, but larger. See {Fisher}. {Black cattle}, any bovine cattle reared for slaughter, in distinction from dairy cattle. [Eng.] {Black cherry}. See under {Cherry}. {Black cockatoo} (Zo[94]l.), the palm cockatoo. See {Cockatoo}. {Black copper}. Same as {Melaconite}. {Black currant}. (Bot.) See {Currant}. {Black diamond}. (Min.) See {Carbonado}. {Black draught} (Med.), a cathartic medicine, composed of senna and magnesia. {Black drop} (Med.), vinegar of opium; a narcotic preparation consisting essentially of a solution of opium in vinegar. {Black earth}, mold; earth of a dark color. --Woodward. {Black flag}, the flag of a pirate, often bearing in white a skull and crossbones; a signal of defiance. {Black flea} (Zo[94]l.), a flea beetle ({Haltica nemorum}) injurious to turnips. {Black flux}, a mixture of carbonate of potash and charcoal, obtained by deflagrating tartar with half its weight of niter. --Brande & C. {Black fly}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) In the United States, a small, venomous, two-winged fly of the genus {Simulium} of several species, exceedingly abundant and troublesome in the northern forests. The larv[91] are aquatic. (b) A black plant louse, as the bean aphis ({A. fab[91]}). {Black Forest} [a translation of G. Schwarzwald], a forest in Baden and W[81]rtemburg, in Germany; a part of the ancient Hercynian forest. {Black game}, or {Black grouse}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Blackcock}, {Grouse}, and {Heath grouse}. {Black grass} (Bot.), a grasslike rush of the species {Juncus Gerardi}, growing on salt marshes, and making good hay. {Black gum} (Bot.), an American tree, the tupelo or pepperidge. See {Tupelo}. {Black Hamburg (grape)} (Bot.), a sweet and juicy variety of dark purple or [bd]black[b8] grape. {Black horse} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the Mississippi valley ({Cycleptus elongatus}), of the sucker family; the Missouri sucker. {Black lemur} (Zo[94]l.), the {Lemurniger} of Madagascar; the {acoumbo} of the natives. {Black list}, a list of persons who are for some reason thought deserving of censure or punishment; -- esp. a list of persons stigmatized as insolvent or untrustworthy, made for the protection of tradesmen or employers. See {Blacklist}, v. t. {Black manganese} (Chem.), the black oxide of manganese, {MnO2}. {Black Maria}, the close wagon in which prisoners are carried to or from jail. {Black martin} (Zo[94]l.), the chimney swift. See {Swift}. {Black moss} (Bot.), the common so-called long moss of the southern United States. See {Tillandsia}. {Black oak}. See under {Oak}. {Black ocher}. See {Wad}. {Black pigment}, a very fine, light carbonaceous substance, or lampblack, prepared chiefly for the manufacture of printers' ink. It is obtained by burning common coal tar. {Black plate}, sheet iron before it is tinned. --Knight. {Black quarter}, malignant anthrax with engorgement of a shoulder or quarter, etc., as of an ox. {Black rat} (Zo[94]l.), one of the species of rats ({Mus rattus}), commonly infesting houses. {Black rent}. See {Blackmail}, n., 3. {Black rust}, a disease of wheat, in which a black, moist matter is deposited in the fissures of the grain. {Black sheep}, one in a family or company who is unlike the rest, and makes trouble. {Black silver}. (Min.) See under {Silver}. {Black and tan}, black mixed or spotted with tan color or reddish brown; -- used in describing certain breeds of dogs. {Black tea}. See under {Tea}. {Black tin} (Mining), tin ore (cassiterite), when dressed, stamped and washed, ready for smelting. It is in the form of a black powder, like fine sand. --Knight. {Black walnut}. See under {Walnut}. {Black warrior} (Zo[94]l.), an American hawk ({Buteo Harlani}). Syn: Dark; murky; pitchy; inky; somber; dusky; gloomy; swart; Cimmerian; ebon; atrocious. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Black \Black\, a. [OE. blak, AS. bl[91]c; akin to Icel. blakkr dark, swarthy, Sw. bl[84]ck ink, Dan. bl[91]k, OHG. blach, LG. & D. blaken to burn with a black smoke. Not akin to AS. bl[be]c, E. bleak pallid. [?]98.] 1. Destitute of light, or incapable of reflecting it; of the color of soot or coal; of the darkest or a very dark color, the opposite of white; characterized by such a color; as, black cloth; black hair or eyes. O night, with hue so black! --Shak. 2. In a less literal sense: Enveloped or shrouded in darkness; very dark or gloomy; as, a black night; the heavens black with clouds. I spy a black, suspicious, threatening cloud. --Shak. 3. Fig.: Dismal, gloomy, or forbidding, like darkness; destitute of moral light or goodness; atrociously wicked; cruel; mournful; calamitous; horrible. [bd]This day's black fate.[b8] [bd]Black villainy.[b8] [bd]Arise, black vengeance.[b8] [bd]Black day.[b8] [bd]Black despair.[b8] --Shak. 4. Expressing menace, or discontent; threatening; sullen; foreboding; as, to regard one with black looks. Note: Black is often used in self-explaining compound words; as, black-eyed, black-faced, black-haired, black-visaged. {Black act}, the English statute 9 George I, which makes it a felony to appear armed in any park or warren, etc., or to hunt or steal deer, etc., with the face blackened or disguised. Subsequent acts inflicting heavy penalties for malicious injuries to cattle and machinery have been called black acts. {Black angel} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the West Indies and Florida ({Holacanthus tricolor}), with the head and tail yellow, and the middle of the body black. {Black antimony} (Chem.), the black sulphide of antimony, {Sb2S3}, used in pyrotechnics, etc. {Black bear} (Zo[94]l.), the common American bear ({Ursus Americanus}). {Black beast}. See {B[88]te noire}. {Black beetle} (Zo[94]l.), the common large cockroach ({Blatta orientalis}). {Black and blue}, the dark color of a bruise in the flesh, which is accompanied with a mixture of blue. [bd]To pinch the slatterns black and blue.[b8] --Hudibras. {Black bonnet} (Zo[94]l.), the black-headed bunting ({Embriza Sch[d2]niclus}) of Europe. {Black canker}, a disease in turnips and other crops, produced by a species of caterpillar. {Black cat} (Zo[94]l.), the fisher, a quadruped of North America allied to the sable, but larger. See {Fisher}. {Black cattle}, any bovine cattle reared for slaughter, in distinction from dairy cattle. [Eng.] {Black cherry}. See under {Cherry}. {Black cockatoo} (Zo[94]l.), the palm cockatoo. See {Cockatoo}. {Black copper}. Same as {Melaconite}. {Black currant}. (Bot.) See {Currant}. {Black diamond}. (Min.) See {Carbonado}. {Black draught} (Med.), a cathartic medicine, composed of senna and magnesia. {Black drop} (Med.), vinegar of opium; a narcotic preparation consisting essentially of a solution of opium in vinegar. {Black earth}, mold; earth of a dark color. --Woodward. {Black flag}, the flag of a pirate, often bearing in white a skull and crossbones; a signal of defiance. {Black flea} (Zo[94]l.), a flea beetle ({Haltica nemorum}) injurious to turnips. {Black flux}, a mixture of carbonate of potash and charcoal, obtained by deflagrating tartar with half its weight of niter. --Brande & C. {Black fly}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) In the United States, a small, venomous, two-winged fly of the genus {Simulium} of several species, exceedingly abundant and troublesome in the northern forests. The larv[91] are aquatic. (b) A black plant louse, as the bean aphis ({A. fab[91]}). {Black Forest} [a translation of G. Schwarzwald], a forest in Baden and W[81]rtemburg, in Germany; a part of the ancient Hercynian forest. {Black game}, or {Black grouse}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Blackcock}, {Grouse}, and {Heath grouse}. {Black grass} (Bot.), a grasslike rush of the species {Juncus Gerardi}, growing on salt marshes, and making good hay. {Black gum} (Bot.), an American tree, the tupelo or pepperidge. See {Tupelo}. {Black Hamburg (grape)} (Bot.), a sweet and juicy variety of dark purple or [bd]black[b8] grape. {Black horse} (Zo[94]l.), a fish of the Mississippi valley ({Cycleptus elongatus}), of the sucker family; the Missouri sucker. {Black lemur} (Zo[94]l.), the {Lemurniger} of Madagascar; the {acoumbo} of the natives. {Black list}, a list of persons who are for some reason thought deserving of censure or punishment; -- esp. a list of persons stigmatized as insolvent or untrustworthy, made for the protection of tradesmen or employers. See {Blacklist}, v. t. {Black manganese} (Chem.), the black oxide of manganese, {MnO2}. {Black Maria}, the close wagon in which prisoners are carried to or from jail. {Black martin} (Zo[94]l.), the chimney swift. See {Swift}. {Black moss} (Bot.), the common so-called long moss of the southern United States. See {Tillandsia}. {Black oak}. See under {Oak}. {Black ocher}. See {Wad}. {Black pigment}, a very fine, light carbonaceous substance, or lampblack, prepared chiefly for the manufacture of printers' ink. It is obtained by burning common coal tar. {Black plate}, sheet iron before it is tinned. --Knight. {Black quarter}, malignant anthrax with engorgement of a shoulder or quarter, etc., as of an ox. {Black rat} (Zo[94]l.), one of the species of rats ({Mus rattus}), commonly infesting houses. {Black rent}. See {Blackmail}, n., 3. {Black rust}, a disease of wheat, in which a black, moist matter is deposited in the fissures of the grain. {Black sheep}, one in a family or company who is unlike the rest, and makes trouble. {Black silver}. (Min.) See under {Silver}. {Black and tan}, black mixed or spotted with tan color or reddish brown; -- used in describing certain breeds of dogs. {Black tea}. See under {Tea}. {Black tin} (Mining), tin ore (cassiterite), when dressed, stamped and washed, ready for smelting. It is in the form of a black powder, like fine sand. --Knight. {Black walnut}. See under {Walnut}. {Black warrior} (Zo[94]l.), an American hawk ({Buteo Harlani}). Syn: Dark; murky; pitchy; inky; somber; dusky; gloomy; swart; Cimmerian; ebon; atrocious. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Simpai \Sim"pai\, n.[Malay simpei.] (Zo[94]l.) A long-tailed monkey ({Semnopitchecus melalophus}) native of Sumatra. It has a crest of black hair. The forehead and cheeks are fawn color, the upper parts tawny and red, the under parts white. Called also {black-crested monkey}, and {sinp[91]}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Thunderbird \Thun"der*bird`\, n. (Zo[94]l.) An Australian insectivorous singing bird ({Pachycephala gutturalis}). The male is conspicuously marked with black and yellow, and has a black crescent on the breast. Called also {white-throated thickhead}, {orange-breasted thrust}, {black-crowned thrush}, {guttural thrush}, and {black-breasted flycatcher}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blackguard \Black"guard\, a. Scurrilous; abusive; low; worthless; vicious; as, blackguard language. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blackguard \Black"guard\, n. [Black + guard.] 1. The scullions and lower menials of a court, or of a nobleman's household, who, in a removal from one residence to another, had charge of the kitchen utensils, and being smutted by them, were jocularly called the [bd]black guard[b8]; also, the servants and hangers-on of an army. [Obs.] A lousy slave, that . . . rode with the black guard in the duke's carriage, 'mongst spits and dripping pans. --Webster (1612). 2. The criminals and vagrants or vagabonds of a town or community, collectively. [Obs.] 3. A person of stained or low character, esp. one who uses scurrilous language, or treats others with foul abuse; a scoundrel; a rough. A man whose manners and sentiments are decidedly below those of his class deserves to be called a blackguard. --Macaulay. 4. A vagrant; a bootblack; a gamin. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blackguard \Black"guard`\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Blackguarded}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Blackguarding}.] To revile or abuse in scurrilous language. --Southey. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blackguard \Black"guard`\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Blackguarded}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Blackguarding}.] To revile or abuse in scurrilous language. --Southey. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blackguard \Black"guard`\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Blackguarded}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Blackguarding}.] To revile or abuse in scurrilous language. --Southey. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blackguardism \Black"guard*ism\, n. The conduct or language of a blackguard; ruffianism. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blackguardly \Black"guard*ly\, adv. & a. In the manner of or resembling a blackguard; abusive; scurrilous; ruffianly. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blackheart \Black"heart`\, n. A heart-shaped cherry with a very dark-colored skin. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Black-hearted \Black"-heart`ed\, a. Having a wicked, malignant disposition; morally bad. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blackroot \Black"root`\, n. (Bot.) See {Colicroot}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blackwork \Black"work`\, n. Work wrought by blacksmiths; -- so called in distinction from that wrought by whitesmiths. --Knight. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blazer \Blaz"er\, n. 1. Anything that blazes or glows, as with heat or flame. 2. A light jacket, usually of wool or silk and of a bright color, for wear at tennis, cricket, or other sport. 3. The dish used when cooking directly over the flame of a chafing-dish lamp, or the coals of a brasier. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blazer \Blaz"er\, n. One who spreads reports or blazes matters abroad. [bd]Blazers of crime.[b8] --Spenser. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bleacher \Bleach"er\, n. One who whitens, or whose occupation is to whiten, by bleaching. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bleachery \Bleach"er*y\, n.; pl. {Bleacheries}. A place or an establishment where bleaching is done. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bleachery \Bleach"er*y\, n.; pl. {Bleacheries}. A place or an establishment where bleaching is done. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blesser \Bless"er\, n. One who blesses; one who bestows or invokes a blessing. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Storm \Storm\, n. {Anticyclonic storm} (Meteor.), a storm characterized by a central area of high atmospheric pressure, and having a system of winds blowing spirally outward in a direction contrary to that cyclonic storms. It is attended by low temperature, dry air, infrequent precipitation, and often by clear sky. Called also {high-area storm}, {anticyclone}. When attended by high winds, snow, and freezing temperatures such storms have various local names, as {blizzard}, {wet norther}, {purga}, {buran}, etc. {Cyclonic storm}. (Meteor.) A cyclone, or low-area storm. See {Cyclone}, above. Stovain \Sto"va*in\, n. Also -ine \-ine\ . [Stove (a translation of the name of the discoverer, Fourneau + -in, -ine.] (Pharm.) A substance, {C14H22O2NCl}, the hydrochloride of an amino compound containing benzol, used, in solution with strychnine, as a local an[91]sthetic, esp. by injection into the sheath of the spinal cord, producing an[91]sthesia below the point of introduction. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blizzard \Bliz"zard\ (bl[icr]z"z[etil]rd), n. [Cf. {Blaze} to flash. Formerly, in local use, a rattling volley; cf. [bd]to blaze away[b8] to fire away.] A gale of piercingly cold wind, usually accompanied with fine and blinding snow; a furious blast. [U. S.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Storm \Storm\, n. {Anticyclonic storm} (Meteor.), a storm characterized by a central area of high atmospheric pressure, and having a system of winds blowing spirally outward in a direction contrary to that cyclonic storms. It is attended by low temperature, dry air, infrequent precipitation, and often by clear sky. Called also {high-area storm}, {anticyclone}. When attended by high winds, snow, and freezing temperatures such storms have various local names, as {blizzard}, {wet norther}, {purga}, {buran}, etc. {Cyclonic storm}. (Meteor.) A cyclone, or low-area storm. See {Cyclone}, above. Stovain \Sto"va*in\, n. Also -ine \-ine\ . [Stove (a translation of the name of the discoverer, Fourneau + -in, -ine.] (Pharm.) A substance, {C14H22O2NCl}, the hydrochloride of an amino compound containing benzol, used, in solution with strychnine, as a local an[91]sthetic, esp. by injection into the sheath of the spinal cord, producing an[91]sthesia below the point of introduction. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blizzard \Bliz"zard\ (bl[icr]z"z[etil]rd), n. [Cf. {Blaze} to flash. Formerly, in local use, a rattling volley; cf. [bd]to blaze away[b8] to fire away.] A gale of piercingly cold wind, usually accompanied with fine and blinding snow; a furious blast. [U. S.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blucher \Blu"cher\ (bl[umac]"k[etil]r), n. A kind of half boot, named from the Prussian general Bl[81]cher. --Thackeray. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
d8Heliopora \[d8]He`li*op"o*ra\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. [?] the sun + [?] a passage, pore.] (Zo[94]l.) An East Indian stony coral now known to belong to the Alcyonaria; -- called also {blue coral}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blue \Blue\, a. [Compar. {Bluer}; superl. {Bluest}.] [OE. bla, blo, blew, blue, Sw. bl[?], D. blauw, OHG. bl[?]o, G. blau; but influenced in form by F. bleu, from OHG. bl[be]o.] 1. Having the color of the clear sky, or a hue resembling it, whether lighter or darker; as, the deep, blue sea; as blue as a sapphire; blue violets. [bd]The blue firmament.[b8] --Milton. 2. Pale, without redness or glare, -- said of a flame; hence, of the color of burning brimstone, betokening the presence of ghosts or devils; as, the candle burns blue; the air was blue with oaths. 3. Low in spirits; melancholy; as, to feel blue. 4. Suited to produce low spirits; gloomy in prospect; as, thongs looked blue. [Colloq.] 5. Severe or over strict in morals; gloom; as, blue and sour religionists; suiting one who is over strict in morals; inculcating an impracticable, severe, or gloomy mortality; as, blue laws. 6. Literary; -- applied to women; -- an abbreviation of bluestocking. [Colloq.] The ladies were very blue and well informed. --Thackeray. {Blue asbestus}. See {Crocidolite}. {Blue black}, of, or having, a very dark blue color, almost black. {Blue blood}. See under {Blood}. {Blue buck} (Zo[94]l.), a small South African antelope ({Cephalophus pygm[91]us}); also applied to a larger species ({[92]goceras leucoph[91]u}s); the blaubok. {Blue cod} (Zo[94]l.), the buffalo cod. {Blue crab} (Zo[94]l.), the common edible crab of the Atlantic coast of the United States ({Callinectes hastatus}). {Blue curls} (Bot.), a common plant ({Trichostema dichotomum}), resembling pennyroyal, and hence called also {bastard pennyroyal}. {Blue devils}, apparitions supposed to be seen by persons suffering with {delirium tremens}; hence, very low spirits. [bd]Can Gumbo shut the hall door upon blue devils, or lay them all in a red sea of claret?[b8] --Thackeray. {Blue gage}. See under {Gage}, a plum. {Blue gum}, an Australian myrtaceous tree ({Eucalyptus globulus}), of the loftiest proportions, now cultivated in tropical and warm temperate regions for its timber, and as a protection against malaria. The essential oil is beginning to be used in medicine. The timber is very useful. See {Eucalyptus}. {Blue jack}, {Blue stone}, blue vitriol; sulphate of copper. {Blue jacket}, a man-of war's man; a sailor wearing a naval uniform. {Blue jaundice}. See under {Jaundice}. {Blue laws}, a name first used in the eighteenth century to describe certain supposititious laws of extreme rigor reported to have been enacted in New Haven; hence, any puritanical laws. [U. S.] {Blue light}, a composition which burns with a brilliant blue flame; -- used in pyrotechnics and as a night signal at sea, and in military operations. {Blue mantle} (Her.), one of the four pursuivants of the English college of arms; -- so called from the color of his official robes. {Blue mass}, a preparation of mercury from which is formed the blue pill. --McElrath. {Blue mold}, or mould, the blue fungus ({Aspergillus glaucus}) which grows on cheese. --Brande & C. {Blue Monday}, a Monday following a Sunday of dissipation, or itself given to dissipation (as the Monday before Lent). {Blue ointment} (Med.), mercurial ointment. {Blue Peter} (British Marine), a blue flag with a white square in the center, used as a signal for sailing, to recall boats, etc. It is a corruption of blue repeater, one of the British signal flags. {Blue pill}. (Med.) (a) A pill of prepared mercury, used as an aperient, etc. (b) Blue mass. {Blue ribbon}. (a) The ribbon worn by members of the order of the Garter; -- hence, a member of that order. (b) Anything the attainment of which is an object of great ambition; a distinction; a prize. [bd]These [scholarships] were the --blue ribbon of the college.[b8] --Farrar. (c) The distinctive badge of certain temperance or total abstinence organizations, as of the --Blue ribbon Army. {Blue ruin}, utter ruin; also, gin. [Eng. Slang] --Carlyle. {Blue spar} (Min.), azure spar; lazulite. See {Lazulite}. {Blue thrush} (Zo[94]l.), a European and Asiatic thrush ({Petrocossyphus cyaneas}). {Blue verditer}. See {Verditer}. {Blue vitriol} (Chem.), sulphate of copper, a violet blue crystallized salt, used in electric batteries, calico printing, etc. {Blue water}, the open ocean. {To look blue}, to look disheartened or dejected. {True blue}, genuine and thorough; not modified, nor mixed; not spurious; specifically, of uncompromising Presbyterianism, blue being the color adopted by the Covenanters. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blue \Blue\, a. [Compar. {Bluer}; superl. {Bluest}.] [OE. bla, blo, blew, blue, Sw. bl[?], D. blauw, OHG. bl[?]o, G. blau; but influenced in form by F. bleu, from OHG. bl[be]o.] 1. Having the color of the clear sky, or a hue resembling it, whether lighter or darker; as, the deep, blue sea; as blue as a sapphire; blue violets. [bd]The blue firmament.[b8] --Milton. 2. Pale, without redness or glare, -- said of a flame; hence, of the color of burning brimstone, betokening the presence of ghosts or devils; as, the candle burns blue; the air was blue with oaths. 3. Low in spirits; melancholy; as, to feel blue. 4. Suited to produce low spirits; gloomy in prospect; as, thongs looked blue. [Colloq.] 5. Severe or over strict in morals; gloom; as, blue and sour religionists; suiting one who is over strict in morals; inculcating an impracticable, severe, or gloomy mortality; as, blue laws. 6. Literary; -- applied to women; -- an abbreviation of bluestocking. [Colloq.] The ladies were very blue and well informed. --Thackeray. {Blue asbestus}. See {Crocidolite}. {Blue black}, of, or having, a very dark blue color, almost black. {Blue blood}. See under {Blood}. {Blue buck} (Zo[94]l.), a small South African antelope ({Cephalophus pygm[91]us}); also applied to a larger species ({[92]goceras leucoph[91]u}s); the blaubok. {Blue cod} (Zo[94]l.), the buffalo cod. {Blue crab} (Zo[94]l.), the common edible crab of the Atlantic coast of the United States ({Callinectes hastatus}). {Blue curls} (Bot.), a common plant ({Trichostema dichotomum}), resembling pennyroyal, and hence called also {bastard pennyroyal}. {Blue devils}, apparitions supposed to be seen by persons suffering with {delirium tremens}; hence, very low spirits. [bd]Can Gumbo shut the hall door upon blue devils, or lay them all in a red sea of claret?[b8] --Thackeray. {Blue gage}. See under {Gage}, a plum. {Blue gum}, an Australian myrtaceous tree ({Eucalyptus globulus}), of the loftiest proportions, now cultivated in tropical and warm temperate regions for its timber, and as a protection against malaria. The essential oil is beginning to be used in medicine. The timber is very useful. See {Eucalyptus}. {Blue jack}, {Blue stone}, blue vitriol; sulphate of copper. {Blue jacket}, a man-of war's man; a sailor wearing a naval uniform. {Blue jaundice}. See under {Jaundice}. {Blue laws}, a name first used in the eighteenth century to describe certain supposititious laws of extreme rigor reported to have been enacted in New Haven; hence, any puritanical laws. [U. S.] {Blue light}, a composition which burns with a brilliant blue flame; -- used in pyrotechnics and as a night signal at sea, and in military operations. {Blue mantle} (Her.), one of the four pursuivants of the English college of arms; -- so called from the color of his official robes. {Blue mass}, a preparation of mercury from which is formed the blue pill. --McElrath. {Blue mold}, or mould, the blue fungus ({Aspergillus glaucus}) which grows on cheese. --Brande & C. {Blue Monday}, a Monday following a Sunday of dissipation, or itself given to dissipation (as the Monday before Lent). {Blue ointment} (Med.), mercurial ointment. {Blue Peter} (British Marine), a blue flag with a white square in the center, used as a signal for sailing, to recall boats, etc. It is a corruption of blue repeater, one of the British signal flags. {Blue pill}. (Med.) (a) A pill of prepared mercury, used as an aperient, etc. (b) Blue mass. {Blue ribbon}. (a) The ribbon worn by members of the order of the Garter; -- hence, a member of that order. (b) Anything the attainment of which is an object of great ambition; a distinction; a prize. [bd]These [scholarships] were the --blue ribbon of the college.[b8] --Farrar. (c) The distinctive badge of certain temperance or total abstinence organizations, as of the --Blue ribbon Army. {Blue ruin}, utter ruin; also, gin. [Eng. Slang] --Carlyle. {Blue spar} (Min.), azure spar; lazulite. See {Lazulite}. {Blue thrush} (Zo[94]l.), a European and Asiatic thrush ({Petrocossyphus cyaneas}). {Blue verditer}. See {Verditer}. {Blue vitriol} (Chem.), sulphate of copper, a violet blue crystallized salt, used in electric batteries, calico printing, etc. {Blue water}, the open ocean. {To look blue}, to look disheartened or dejected. {True blue}, genuine and thorough; not modified, nor mixed; not spurious; specifically, of uncompromising Presbyterianism, blue being the color adopted by the Covenanters. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Curl \Curl\ (k[ucir]rl), n. [Akin to D. krul, Dan. kr[94]lle. See {Curl}, v. ] 1. A ringlet, especially of hair; anything of a spiral or winding form. Under a coronet, his flowing hair In curls on either cheek played. --Milton. 2. An undulating or waving line or streak in any substance, as wood, glass, etc.; flexure; sinuosity. If the glass of the prisms . . . be without those numberless waves or curls which usually arise from the sand holes. --Sir I. Newton. 3. A disease in potatoes, in which the leaves, at their first appearance, seem curled and shrunken. {Blue curls}. (Bot.) See under {Blue}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blue grass \Blue" grass`\ (Bot.) A species of grass ({Poa compressa}) with bluish green stems, valuable in thin gravelly soils; wire grass. {Kentucky blue grass}, a species of grass ({Poa pratensis}) which has running rootstocks and spreads rapidly. It is valuable as a pasture grass, as it endures both winter and drought better than other kinds, and is very nutritious. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blue-grass State \Blue-grass State\ The Sate of Kentucky; -- a nickname alluding to the blue-grass region, where fine horses are bred. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Blusher \Blush"er\ (bl[ucr]sh"[etil]r), n. One that blushes. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bulger \Bul"ger\, n. [From {Bulge}.] (Golf) A driver or a brassy with a convex face. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bulker \Bulk"er\, n. (Naut.) A person employed to ascertain the bulk or size of goods, in order to fix the amount of freight or dues payable on them. | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Baileys Crossroa, VA Zip code(s): 22041 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Bailey's Crossroads, VA (CDP, FIPS 4088) Location: 38.84803 N, 77.12916 W Population (1990): 19507 (8166 housing units) Area: 5.3 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Baileys Harbor, WI Zip code(s): 54202 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Ball Ground, GA (city, FIPS 5036) Location: 34.33722 N, 84.37694 W Population (1990): 905 (362 housing units) Area: 2.7 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 30107 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Belcher, KY Zip code(s): 41513 Belcher, LA (village, FIPS 5945) Location: 32.75328 N, 93.83511 W Population (1990): 249 (125 housing units) Area: 4.0 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 71004 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Belchertown, MA (CDP, FIPS 4790) Location: 42.27320 N, 72.40319 W Population (1990): 2339 (889 housing units) Area: 12.7 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 01007 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Belcourt, ND (CDP, FIPS 5740) Location: 48.84160 N, 99.74631 W Population (1990): 2458 (864 housing units) Area: 15.2 sq km (land), 0.5 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 58316 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Belews Creek, NC Zip code(s): 27009 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Belgrade, ME Zip code(s): 04917 Belgrade, MN (city, FIPS 4762) Location: 45.44997 N, 94.99903 W Population (1990): 700 (322 housing units) Area: 3.1 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 56312 Belgrade, MO Zip code(s): 63622 Belgrade, MT (city, FIPS 4975) Location: 45.77786 N, 111.17739 W Population (1990): 3411 (1290 housing units) Area: 3.4 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 59714 Belgrade, NE (village, FIPS 3810) Location: 41.47132 N, 98.06707 W Population (1990): 157 (91 housing units) Area: 0.5 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 68623 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Belgrade Lakes, ME Zip code(s): 04918 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Bell Acres, PA (borough, FIPS 5216) Location: 40.59211 N, 80.17628 W Population (1990): 1436 (543 housing units) Area: 13.5 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Bell Gardens, CA (city, FIPS 4996) Location: 33.96728 N, 118.15277 W Population (1990): 42355 (9546 housing units) Area: 6.5 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 90201 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Belle Creek, MT Zip code(s): 59317 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Black Creek, NC (town, FIPS 6080) Location: 35.63582 N, 77.93355 W Population (1990): 615 (250 housing units) Area: 1.7 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Black Creek, NY Zip code(s): 14714 Black Creek, WI (village, FIPS 7725) Location: 44.47453 N, 88.45002 W Population (1990): 1152 (433 housing units) Area: 2.7 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Black Earth, WI (village, FIPS 7800) Location: 43.13662 N, 89.74605 W Population (1990): 1248 (469 housing units) Area: 1.7 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 53515 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Black River, MI Zip code(s): 48721 Black River, NY (village, FIPS 6794) Location: 44.00955 N, 75.79676 W Population (1990): 1349 (523 housing units) Area: 4.7 sq km (land), 0.1 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 13612 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Black River Fall, WI Zip code(s): 54615 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Black River Falls, WI (city, FIPS 7900) Location: 44.29871 N, 90.84700 W Population (1990): 3490 (1547 housing units) Area: 7.6 sq km (land), 0.2 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Black Rock, AR (city, FIPS 6700) Location: 36.10638 N, 91.10863 W Population (1990): 736 (358 housing units) Area: 8.5 sq km (land), 0.4 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 72415 Black Rock, NM (CDP, FIPS 7670) Location: 35.08601 N, 108.79001 W Population (1990): 858 (244 housing units) Area: 2.0 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Blackridge, VA Zip code(s): 23950 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Blackshear, GA (city, FIPS 8284) Location: 31.29895 N, 82.24166 W Population (1990): 3263 (1405 housing units) Area: 9.3 sq km (land), 0.2 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 31516 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Bliss Corner, MA (CDP, FIPS 6170) Location: 41.60527 N, 70.94305 W Population (1990): 4908 (2164 housing units) Area: 5.2 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Blue Creek, OH Zip code(s): 45616 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Blue Grass, IA (city, FIPS 7075) Location: 41.50858 N, 90.76365 W Population (1990): 1214 (421 housing units) Area: 6.3 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 52726 Blue Grass, VA Zip code(s): 24413 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Bowleys Quarters, MD (CDP, FIPS 8800) Location: 39.31227 N, 76.38231 W Population (1990): 5595 (2435 housing units) Area: 8.3 sq km (land), 7.5 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Bulger, PA Zip code(s): 15019 | |
From Jargon File (4.2.0, 31 JAN 2000) [jargon]: | |
black art n. [common] A collection of arcane, unpublished, and (by implication) mostly ad-hoc techniques developed for a particular application or systems area (compare {black magic}). VLSI design and compiler code optimization were (in their beginnings) considered classic examples of black art; as theory developed they became {deep magic}, and once standard textbooks had been written, became merely {heavy wizardry}. The huge proliferation of formal and informal channels for spreading around new computer-related technologies during the last twenty years has made both the term `black art' and what it describes less common than formerly. See also {voodoo programming}. | |
From Jargon File (4.2.0, 31 JAN 2000) [jargon]: | |
Black Screen of Death n. [prob. related to the Floating Head of Death in a famous "Far Side" cartoon.] A failure mode of {Microsloth Windows}. On an attempt to launch a DOS box, a networked Windows system not uncommonly blanks the screen and locks up the PC so hard that it requires a cold {boot} to recover. This unhappy phenomenon is known as The Black Screen of Death. See also {Blue Screen of Death}, which has become rather more common. | |
From Jargon File (4.2.0, 31 JAN 2000) [jargon]: | |
Blue Screen of Death n. [common] This term is closely related to the older {Black Screen of Death} but much more common (many non-hackers have picked it up). Due to the extreme fragility and bugginess of Microsoft Windows (3.1/95/NT versions), misbehaving applications can crash the OS. The Blue Screen of Death, sometimes decorated with hex error codes, is what you get when this happens. (Commonly abbreviated {BSOD}.) This event is sufficiently common to have inspired the following haiku from Alan Tuplin: Your system which soared So freely on gliding wings now hangs, frozen and blue The following entry from the Salon Haiku Contest (http://www.salonmagazine.com/21st/chal/1998/02/10chal2.html), seems to have predated popular use of the term (and may indeed have inspired it): Windows NT crashed. I am the Blue Screen of Death No one hears your screams. | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
bell curve {normal distribution} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Bellcore {Bell Communications Research, Inc.} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
black art A collection of arcane, unpublished, and (by implication) mostly ad-hoc techniques developed for a particular application or systems area (compare {black magic}). VLSI design and compiler code optimisation were (in their beginnings) considered classic examples of black art; as theory developed they became {deep magic}, and once standard textbooks had been written, became merely {heavy wizardry}. The huge proliferation of formal and informal channels for spreading around new computer-related technologies during the last twenty years has made both the term "black art" and what it describes less common than formerly. See also {voodoo programming}. [{Jargon File}] | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Block Redundancy Check {Longitudinal Redundancy Check} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Blue Screen of Death appears when {Microsoft Windows} crashes. BSOD is mostly seen on the 16-bit systems such as {Windows 3.1}, but also on {Windows 95} and apparently even under {Windows NT 4}. It is most likely to be caused by a {GPF}, although Windows 95 can do it if you've removed a required {CD-ROM} from the drive. It is often impossible to recover cleanly from a BSOD. The acronym BSOD is sometimes used as a verb, e.g. "{Windoze} just keeps BSODing on me today". (1998-09-08) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Blue Screen of Life Death}") The opening screen of {Microsoft} {Windows NT}. This screen shows the {file system} loading, and any problems such as conversions from {FAT} to {NTFS} or a scan of a {hard drive}. The Blue Screen of Life occurs in one way, as opposed to the {Blue Screen of Death}, which can occur in many different ways and times. [Is this term ever used in connection with {Windows 3.x} or {Windows 9x}?] (1999-04-18) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Boole, George {George Boole} | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Baal-hazor having a courtyard, or Baal's village, the place on the borders of Ephraim and Benjamin where Absalom held the feast of sheep-shearing when Amnon was assassinated (2 Sam. 13:23). Probably it is the same with Hazor (Neh. 11:33), now Tell' Asur, 5 miles north-east of Bethel. | |
From The CIA World Factbook (1995) [world95]: | |
Bulgaria Bulgaria:Geography Location: Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Romania and Turkey Map references: Ethnic Groups in Eastern Europe, Europe Area: total area: 110,910 sq km land area: 110,550 sq km comparative area: slightly larger than Tennessee Land boundaries: total 1,808 km, Greece 494 km, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 148 km, Romania 608 km, Serbia and Montenegro 318 km (all with Serbia), Turkey 240 km Coastline: 354 km Maritime claims: contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm territorial sea: 12 nm International disputes: none Climate: temperate; cold, damp winters; hot, dry summers Terrain: mostly mountains with lowlands in north and southeast Natural resources: bauxite, copper, lead, zinc, coal, timber, arable land Land use: arable land: 34% permanent crops: 3% meadows and pastures: 18% forest and woodland: 35% other: 10% Irrigated land: 10 sq km (1989 est.) Environment: current issues: air pollution from industrial emissions; rivers polluted from raw sewage, heavy metals, detergents; deforestation; forest damage from air pollution and resulting acid rain; soil contamination from heavy metals from metallurgical plants and industrial wastes natural hazards: earthquakes, landslides international agreements: party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Antarctic Treaty, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands; signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea Note: strategic location near Turkish Straits; controls key land routes from Europe to Middle East and Asia Bulgaria:People Population: 8,775,198 (July 1995 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 19% (female 800,413; male 841,697) 15-64 years: 66% (female 2,927,880; male 2,910,133) 65 years and over: 15% (female 735,706; male 559,369) (July 1995 est.) Population growth rate: -0.25% (1995 est.) Birth rate: 11.75 births/1,000 population (1995 est.) Death rate: 11.31 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.) Net migration rate: -2.91 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.) Infant mortality rate: 11.4 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 73.68 years male: 70.43 years female: 77.1 years (1995 est.) Total fertility rate: 1.71 children born/woman (1995 est.) Nationality: noun: Bulgarian(s) adjective: Bulgarian Ethnic divisions: Bulgarian 85.3%, Turk 8.5%, Gypsy 2.6%, Macedonian 2.5%, Armenian 0.3%, Russian 0.2%, other 0.6% Religions: Bulgarian Orthodox 85%, Muslim 13%, Jewish 0.8%, Roman Catholic 0.5%, Uniate Catholic 0.2%, Protestant, Gregorian-Armenian, and other 0.5% Languages: Bulgarian; secondary languages closely correspond to ethnic breakdown Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1992) total population: 98% male: 99% female: 97% Labor force: 4.3 million by occupation: industry 33%, agriculture 20%, other 47% (1987) Bulgaria:Government Names: conventional long form: Republic of Bulgaria conventional short form: Bulgaria Digraph: BU Type: emerging democracy Capital: Sofia Administrative divisions: 9 provinces (oblasti, singular - oblast); Burgas, Grad Sofiya, Khaskovo, Lovech, Montana, Plovdiv, Ruse, Sofiya, Varna Independence: 22 September 1908 (from Ottoman Empire) National holiday: Independence Day 3 March (1878) Constitution: adopted 12 July 1991 Legal system: based on civil law system, with Soviet law influence; has accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal and compulsory Executive branch: chief of state: President Zhelyu Mitev ZHELEV (since 1 August 1990); Vice President (vacant); election last held January 1992; results - Zhelyu ZHELEV was elected by popular vote head of government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers (Prime Minister) Zhan VIDENOV (since 25 January 1995); Deputy Prime Ministers Doncho KONAKCHIEV, Kiril TSOCHEV, Rumen GECHEV, Svetoslav SHIVAROV (since 25 January 1995) cabinet: Council of Ministers; elected by the National Assembly Legislative branch: unicameral National Assembly (Narodno Sobranie): last held 18 December 1994 (next to be held NA 1997); results - BSP 43.5%, UDF 24.2%, PU 6.5%, MRF 5.4%, BBB 4.7%; seats - (240 total) BSP 125, UDF 69, PU 18, MRF 15, BBB 13 Judicial branch: Supreme Court, Constitutional Court Political parties and leaders: Bulgarian Socialist Party (BSP), Zhan VIDENOV, chairman; Union of Democratic Forces (UDF), Ivan KOSTOV an alliance of pro-Democratic parties; People's Union (PU), Stefan SAVOV; Movement for Rights and Freedoms (mainly ethnic Turkish party) (MRF), Ahmed DOGAN; Bulgarian Business Bloc (BBB), George GANCHEV Other political or pressure groups: Democratic Alliance for the Republic (DAR); New Union for Democracy (NUD); Ecoglasnost; Podkrepa Labor Confederation; Fatherland Union; Bulgarian Communist Party (BCP); Confederation of Independent Trade Unions of Bulgaria (KNSB); Bulgarian Agrarian National Union - United (BZNS); Bulgarian Democratic Center; "Nikola Petkov" Bulgarian Agrarian National Union; Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization - Union of Macedonian Societies (IMRO-UMS); numerous regional, ethnic, and national interest groups with various agendas Member of: ACCT, BIS, BSEC, CCC, CE, CEI (associate members), EBRD, ECE, FAO, G- 9, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT (nonsignatory user), INTERPOL, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, NACC, NAM (guest), NSG, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WEU (associate partner), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC Diplomatic representation in US: chief of mission: Ambassador Snezhana Damianova BOTUSHAROVA chancery: 1621 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 387-7969 FAX: [1] (202) 234-7973 US diplomatic representation: chief of mission: Ambassador William D. MONTGOMERY embassy: 1 Saborna Street, Sofia mailing address: Unit 1335, Sofia; APO AE 09213-1335 telephone: [359] (2) 88-48-01 through 05 FAX: [359] (2) 80-19-77 Flag: three equal horizontal bands of white (top), green, and red; the national emblem formerly on the hoist side of the white stripe has been removed - it contained a rampant lion within a wreath of wheat ears below a red five-pointed star and above a ribbon bearing the dates 681 (first Bulgarian state established) and 1944 (liberation from Nazi control) Economy Overview: The Bulgarian economy continued its painful adjustment in 1994 from the misdirected development undertaken during four decades of Communist rule. Many aspects of a market economy have been put in place and have begun to function, but much of the economy, especially the industrial sector, has yet to re-establish market links lost with the collapse of the other centrally planned Soviet Bloc economies. The prices of many imported industrial inputs, especially energy products, have risen markedly, and falling real wages have not sufficed to restore competitiveness. The government plans more extensive privatization in 1995 to improve the management of enterprises and to encourage foreign investment. Bulgaria resumed payments on its $10 billion in commercial debt in 1993 following the negotiation of a 50% write-off. National product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $33.7 billion (1994 est.) National product real growth rate: 0.2% (1994 est.) National product per capita: $3,830 (1994 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 122% (1994) Unemployment rate: 16% (1994) Budget: revenues: $14 billion expenditures: $17.4 billion, including capital expenditures of $610 million (1993 est.) Exports: $3.6 billion (f.o.b., 1993) commodities: machinery and equipment 30.6%; agricultural products 24%; manufactured consumer goods 22.2%; fuels, minerals, raw materials, and metals 10.5%; other 12.7% (1991) partners: former CEMA countries 57.7% (FSU 48.6%, Poland 2.1%, Czechoslovakia 0.9%); developed countries 26.3% (Germany 4.8%, Greece 2.2%); less developed countries 15.9% (Libya 2.1%, Iran 0.7%) (1991) Imports: $4.3 billion (c.i.f., 1993) commodities: fuels, minerals, and raw materials 58.7%; machinery and equipment 15.8%; manufactured consumer goods 4.4%; agricultural products 15.2%; other 5.9% partners: former CEMA countries 51.0% (FSU 43.2%, Poland 3.7%); developed countries 32.8% (Germany 7.0%, Austria 4.7%); less developed countries 16.2% (Iran 2.8%, Libya 2.5%) External debt: $12 billion (1994) Industrial production: growth rate 4% (1994); accounts for about 37% of GDP (1990) Electricity: capacity: 11,500,000 kW production: 35.9 billion kWh consumption per capita: 3,827 kWh (1993) Industries: machine building and metal working, food processing, chemicals, textiles, building materials, ferrous and nonferrous metals Agriculture: climate and soil conditions support livestock raising and the growing of various grain crops, oilseeds, vegetables, fruits, and tobacco; more than one-third of the arable land devoted to grain; world's fourth-largest tobacco exporter; surplus food producer Illicit drugs: transshipment point for southwest Asian heroin and South American cocaine transiting the Balkan route; limited producer of precursor chemicals Economic aid: recipient: $700 million in balance of payments support (1994) Currency: 1 lev (Lv) = 100 stotinki Exchange rates: leva (Lv) per US$1 - 67.04 (January 1995), 32.00 (January 1994), 24.56 (January 1993), 17.18 (January 1992), 16.13 (March 1991), 0.7446 (November 1990); note - floating exchange rate since February 1991 Fiscal year: calendar year Bulgaria:Transportation Railroads: total: 4,294 km standard gauge: 4,049 km 1.435-m gauge (2,650 km electrified; 917 double track) other: 245 km NA-m gauge (1994) Highways: total: 36,932 km paved: 33,904 km (including 276 km expressways) unpaved: earth 3,028 km (1992) Inland waterways: 470 km (1987) Pipelines: crude oil 193 km; petroleum products 525 km; natural gas 1,400 km (1992) Ports: Burgas, Lom, Nesebur, Ruse, Varna, Vidin Merchant marine: total: 109 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,191,231 GRT/1,762,461 DWT ships by type: bulk 47, cargo 29, chemical carrier 4, container 2, oil tanker 15, passenger-cargo 2, railcar carrier 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 6, short-sea passenger 1, refrigerated cargo 1 note: Bulgaria owns 2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 12,960 DWT operating under Liberian registry Airports: total: 355 with paved runways over 3,047 m: 1 with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 17 with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 10 with paved runways under 914 m: 88 with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m: 1 with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 10 with unpaved runways under 914 m: 226 Bulgaria:Communications Telephone system: 2,600,000 telephones; 29 telephones/100 persons (1992); extensive but antiquated transmission system of coaxial cable and microwave radio relay; direct dialing to 36 countries; telephone service is available in most villages; almost two-thirds of the lines are residential; 67% of Sofia households have phones (November 1988) local: NA intercity: NA international: 1 earth station using Intersputnik; INTELSAT link used through a Greek earth station Radio: broadcast stations: AM 20, FM 15, shortwave 0 radios: NA Television: broadcast stations: 29 (Russian repeater in Sofia 1) televisions: 2.1 million (May 1990) Bulgaria:Defense Forces Branches: Army, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces, Border Troops, Internal Troops Manpower availability: males age 15-49 2,171,414; males fit for military service 1,810,989; males reach military age (19) annually 69,200 (1995 est.) Defense expenditures: 13 billion leva, NA% of GDP (1994 est.); note - conversion of defense expenditures into US dollars using the current exchange rate could produce misleading results |