English Dictionary: astrology | by the DICT Development Group |
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From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Vole \Vole\, n. (Zo[94]l.) Any one of numerous species of micelike rodents belonging to {Arvicola} and allied genera of the subfamily {Arvicolin[91]}. They have a thick head, short ears, and a short hairy tail. Note: The water vole, or water rat, of Europe ({Arvicola amphibius}) is a common large aquatic species. The short-tailed field vole ({A. agrestis}) of Northern and Central Europe, and Asia, the Southern field vole ({A. arvalis}), and the Siberian root vole ({A. [d2]conomus}), are important European species. The common species of the Eastern United States ({A. riparius}) (called also {meadow mouse}) and the prairie mouse ({A. austerus}) are abundant, and often injurious to vegetation. Other species are found in Canada. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Kivikivi \Ki`vi*ki"vi\, Kiwikiwi \Ki`wi*ki"wi\, n.; pl. {Kivikivies} ([?]), {Kiwikiwies}. (Zo[94]l.) Any species of Apteryx, esp. {A. australis}; -- so called in imitation of its notes. Called also {kiwi}. See {Apteryx}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Heron \Her"on\, n. [OE. heiroun, heroun, heron, hern, OF. hairon, F. h[82]ron, OHG. heigir; cf. Icel. hegri, Dan. heire, Sw. h[84]ger, and also G. h[84]her jay, jackdaw, OHG. hehara, higere, woodpecker, magpie, D. reiger heron, G. reiher, AS. hr[amac]gra. Cf. {Aigret}, {Egret}.] (Zo[94]l.) Any wading bird of the genus {Ardea} and allied genera, of the family {Ardeid[91]}. The herons have a long, sharp bill, and long legs and toes, with the claw of the middle toe toothed. The common European heron ({Ardea cinerea}) is remarkable for its directly ascending flight, and was formerly hunted with the larger falcons. Note: There are several common American species; as, the great blue heron ({Ardea herodias}); the little blue ({A. c[d2]rulea}); the green ({A. virescens}); the snowy ({A. candidissima}); the night heron or qua-bird ({Nycticorax nycticorax}). The plumed herons are called {egrets}. {Heron's bill} (Bot.), a plant of the genus {Erodium}; -- so called from the fancied resemblance of the fruit to the head and beak of the heron. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
4. Conforming to justice and rectitude; not deviating from truth or fairness; upright; as, straight dealing. 5. Unmixed; undiluted; as, to take liquor straight. [Slang] 6. Making no exceptions or deviations in one's support of the organization and candidates of a political party; as, a straight Republican; a straight Democrat; also, containing the names of all the regularly nominated candidates of a party and no others; as, a straight ballot. [Political Cant, U.S.] {Straight arch} (Arch.), a form of arch in which the intrados is straight, but with its joints drawn radially, as in a common arch. {A straight face}, one giving no evidence of merriment or other emotion. {A straight line}. [bd]That which lies evenly between its extreme points.[b8] --Euclid. [bd]The shortest line between two points.[b8] --Chauvenet. [bd]A line which has the same direction through its whole length.[b8] --Newcomb. {Straight-way valve}, a valve which, when opened widely, affords a straight passageway, as for water. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
4. Conforming to justice and rectitude; not deviating from truth or fairness; upright; as, straight dealing. 5. Unmixed; undiluted; as, to take liquor straight. [Slang] 6. Making no exceptions or deviations in one's support of the organization and candidates of a political party; as, a straight Republican; a straight Democrat; also, containing the names of all the regularly nominated candidates of a party and no others; as, a straight ballot. [Political Cant, U.S.] {Straight arch} (Arch.), a form of arch in which the intrados is straight, but with its joints drawn radially, as in a common arch. {A straight face}, one giving no evidence of merriment or other emotion. {A straight line}. [bd]That which lies evenly between its extreme points.[b8] --Euclid. [bd]The shortest line between two points.[b8] --Chauvenet. [bd]A line which has the same direction through its whole length.[b8] --Newcomb. {Straight-way valve}, a valve which, when opened widely, affords a straight passageway, as for water. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Acater \A*ca"ter\, n. See {Caterer}. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Acceder \Ac*ced"er\, n. One who accedes. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Accouter \Ac*cou"ter\, Accoutre \Ac*cou"tre\ ([acr]k*k[oomac]"t[etil]r), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Accoutered} or {Accoutred} (-t[etil]rd); p. pr. & vb. n. {Accoutering} or {Accoutring}.] [F. accouter, OF. accoutrer, accoustrer; [85] (L. ad) + perh. LL. custor, for custos guardian, sacristan (cf. {Custody}), or perh. akin to E. guilt.] To furnish with dress, or equipments, esp. those for military service; to equip; to attire; to array. Both accoutered like young men. --Shak. For this, in rags accoutered are they seen. --Dryden. Accoutered with his burden and his staff. --Wordsworth. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Accouter \Ac*cou"ter\, Accoutre \Ac*cou"tre\ ([acr]k*k[oomac]"t[etil]r), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Accoutered} or {Accoutred} (-t[etil]rd); p. pr. & vb. n. {Accoutering} or {Accoutring}.] [F. accouter, OF. accoutrer, accoustrer; [85] (L. ad) + perh. LL. custor, for custos guardian, sacristan (cf. {Custody}), or perh. akin to E. guilt.] To furnish with dress, or equipments, esp. those for military service; to equip; to attire; to array. Both accoutered like young men. --Shak. For this, in rags accoutered are they seen. --Dryden. Accoutered with his burden and his staff. --Wordsworth. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Accouter \Ac*cou"ter\, Accoutre \Ac*cou"tre\ ([acr]k*k[oomac]"t[etil]r), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Accoutered} or {Accoutred} (-t[etil]rd); p. pr. & vb. n. {Accoutering} or {Accoutring}.] [F. accouter, OF. accoutrer, accoustrer; [85] (L. ad) + perh. LL. custor, for custos guardian, sacristan (cf. {Custody}), or perh. akin to E. guilt.] To furnish with dress, or equipments, esp. those for military service; to equip; to attire; to array. Both accoutered like young men. --Shak. For this, in rags accoutered are they seen. --Dryden. Accoutered with his burden and his staff. --Wordsworth. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Accouterments \Ac*cou"ter*ments\, Accoutrements \Ac*cou"tre*ments\, n. pl. [F. accoutrement, earlier also accoustrement, earlier also accoustrement. See {Accouter}.] Dress; trappings; equipment; specifically, the devices and equipments worn by soldiers. How gay with all the accouterments of war! --A. Philips. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Accouter \Ac*cou"ter\, Accoutre \Ac*cou"tre\ ([acr]k*k[oomac]"t[etil]r), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Accoutered} or {Accoutred} (-t[etil]rd); p. pr. & vb. n. {Accoutering} or {Accoutring}.] [F. accouter, OF. accoutrer, accoustrer; [85] (L. ad) + perh. LL. custor, for custos guardian, sacristan (cf. {Custody}), or perh. akin to E. guilt.] To furnish with dress, or equipments, esp. those for military service; to equip; to attire; to array. Both accoutered like young men. --Shak. For this, in rags accoutered are they seen. --Dryden. Accoutered with his burden and his staff. --Wordsworth. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Accouter \Ac*cou"ter\, Accoutre \Ac*cou"tre\ ([acr]k*k[oomac]"t[etil]r), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Accoutered} or {Accoutred} (-t[etil]rd); p. pr. & vb. n. {Accoutering} or {Accoutring}.] [F. accouter, OF. accoutrer, accoustrer; [85] (L. ad) + perh. LL. custor, for custos guardian, sacristan (cf. {Custody}), or perh. akin to E. guilt.] To furnish with dress, or equipments, esp. those for military service; to equip; to attire; to array. Both accoutered like young men. --Shak. For this, in rags accoutered are they seen. --Dryden. Accoutered with his burden and his staff. --Wordsworth. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Accouterments \Ac*cou"ter*ments\, Accoutrements \Ac*cou"tre*ments\, n. pl. [F. accoutrement, earlier also accoustrement, earlier also accoustrement. See {Accouter}.] Dress; trappings; equipment; specifically, the devices and equipments worn by soldiers. How gay with all the accouterments of war! --A. Philips. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Accouter \Ac*cou"ter\, Accoutre \Ac*cou"tre\ ([acr]k*k[oomac]"t[etil]r), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Accoutered} or {Accoutred} (-t[etil]rd); p. pr. & vb. n. {Accoutering} or {Accoutring}.] [F. accouter, OF. accoutrer, accoustrer; [85] (L. ad) + perh. LL. custor, for custos guardian, sacristan (cf. {Custody}), or perh. akin to E. guilt.] To furnish with dress, or equipments, esp. those for military service; to equip; to attire; to array. Both accoutered like young men. --Shak. For this, in rags accoutered are they seen. --Dryden. Accoutered with his burden and his staff. --Wordsworth. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Acetarious \Ac`e*ta"ri*ous\, a. [L. acetaria, n. pl., salad, fr. acetum vinegar, fr. acere to be sour.] Used in salads; as, acetarious plants. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Acetary \Ac"e*ta*ry\, n. [L. acetaria salad plants.] An acid pulp in certain fruits, as the pear. --Grew. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Achatour \A*cha*tour"\, n. [See {Cater}.] Purveyor; acater. [Obs.] --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Acquitter \Ac*quit"ter\, n. One who acquits or releases. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Actor \Ac"tor\, n. [L. actor, fr. agere to act.] 1. One who acts, or takes part in any affair; a doer. 2. A theatrical performer; a stageplayer. After a well graced actor leaves the stage. --Shak. 3. (Law) (a) An advocate or proctor in civil courts or causes. --Jacobs. (b) One who institutes a suit; plaintiff or complainant. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Actress \Ac`tress\, n. [Cf. F. actrice.] 1. A female actor or doer. [Obs.] --Cockeram. 2. A female stageplayer; a woman who acts a part. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Actuarial \Ac`tu*a"ri*al\, a. Of or pertaining to actuaries; as, the actuarial value of an annuity. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Actuary \Ac"tu*a*ry\, n.; pl. {Actuaries}. [L. actuarius copyist, clerk, fr. actus, p. p. of agere to do, act.] 1. (Law) A registrar or clerk; -- used originally in courts of civil law jurisdiction, but in Europe used for a clerk or registrar generally. 2. The computing official of an insurance company; one whose profession it is to calculate for insurance companies the risks and premiums for life, fire, and other insurances. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Actuary \Ac"tu*a*ry\, n.; pl. {Actuaries}. [L. actuarius copyist, clerk, fr. actus, p. p. of agere to do, act.] 1. (Law) A registrar or clerk; -- used originally in courts of civil law jurisdiction, but in Europe used for a clerk or registrar generally. 2. The computing official of an insurance company; one whose profession it is to calculate for insurance companies the risks and premiums for life, fire, and other insurances. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Acture \Ac"ture\, n. Action. [Obs.] --Shak. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Acturience \Ac*tu"ri*ence\, n. [A desid. of L. agere, actum, to act.] Tendency or impulse to act. [R.] Acturience, or desire of action, in one form or another, whether as restlessness, ennui, dissatisfaction, or the imagination of something desirable. --J. Grote. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Acutorsion \Ac`u*tor"sion\, n. [L. acus needle + torsion.] (Med.) The twisting of an artery with a needle to arrest hemorrhage. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ague \A"gue\, n. [OE. agu, ague, OF. agu, F. aigu, sharp, OF. fem. ague, LL. (febris) acuta, a sharp, acute fever, fr. L. acutus sharp. See {Acute}.] 1. An acute fever. [Obs.] [bd]Brenning agues.[b8] --P. Plowman. 2. (Med.) An intermittent fever, attended by alternate cold and hot fits. 3. The cold fit or rigor of the intermittent fever; as, fever and ague. 4. A chill, or state of shaking, as with cold. --Dryden. {Ague cake}, an enlargement of the spleen produced by ague. {Ague drop}, a solution of the arsenite of potassa used for ague. {Ague fit}, a fit of the ague. --Shak. {Ague spell}, a spell or charm against ague. --Gay. {Ague tree}, the sassafras, -- sometimes so called from the use of its root formerly, in cases of ague. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Drop \Drop\, n. [OE. drope, AS. dropa; akin to OS. dropo, D. drop, OHG. tropo, G. tropfen, Icel. dropi, Sw. droppe; and Fr. AS. dre[a2]pan to drip, drop; akin to OS. driopan, D. druipen, OHG. triofan, G. triefen, Icel. drj[?]pa. Cf. {Drip}, {Droop}.] 1. The quantity of fluid which falls in one small spherical mass; a liquid globule; a minim; hence, also, the smallest easily measured portion of a fluid; a small quantity; as, a drop of water. With minute drops from off the eaves. --Milton. As dear to me as are the ruddy drops That visit my sad heart. -- Shak. That drop of peace divine. --Keble. 2. That which resembles, or that which hangs like, a liquid drop; as a hanging diamond ornament, an earring, a glass pendant on a chandelier, a sugarplum (sometimes medicated), or a kind of shot or slug. 3. (Arch.) (a) Same as {Gutta}. (b) Any small pendent ornament. 4. Whatever is arranged to drop, hang, or fall from an elevated position; also, a contrivance for lowering something; as: (a) A door or platform opening downward; a trap door; that part of the gallows on which a culprit stands when he is to be hanged; hence, the gallows itself. (b) A machine for lowering heavy weights, as packages, coal wagons, etc., to a ship's deck. (c) A contrivance for temporarily lowering a gas jet. (d) A curtain which drops or falls in front of the stage of a theater, etc. (e) A drop press or drop hammer. (f) (Mach.) The distance of the axis of a shaft below the base of a hanger. 5. pl. Any medicine the dose of which is measured by drops; as, lavender drops. 6. (Naut.) The depth of a square sail; -- generally applied to the courses only. --Ham. Nav. Encyc. 7. Act of dropping; sudden fall or descent. {Ague drop}, {Black drop}. See under {Ague}, {Black}. {Drop by drop}, in small successive quantities; in repeated portions. [bd]Made to taste drop by drop more than the bitterness of death.[b8] --Burke. {Drop curtain}. See {Drop}, n., 4. (d) . {Drop forging}. (Mech.) (a) A forging made in dies by a drop hammer. (b) The process of making drop forgings. {Drop hammer} (Mech.), a hammer for forging, striking up metal, etc., the weight being raised by a strap or similar device, and then released to drop on the metal resting on an anvil or die. {Drop kick} (Football), a kick given to the ball as it rebounds after having been dropped from the hands. {Drop lake}, a pigment obtained from Brazil wood. --Mollett. {Drop letter}, a letter to be delivered from the same office where posted. {Drop press} (Mech.), a drop hammer; sometimes, a dead-stroke hammer; -- also called drop. {Drop scene}, a drop curtain on which a scene is painted. See {Drop}, n., 4. (d) . {Drop seed}. (Bot.) See the List under {Glass}. {Drop serene}. (Med.) See {Amaurosis}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ague \A"gue\, n. [OE. agu, ague, OF. agu, F. aigu, sharp, OF. fem. ague, LL. (febris) acuta, a sharp, acute fever, fr. L. acutus sharp. See {Acute}.] 1. An acute fever. [Obs.] [bd]Brenning agues.[b8] --P. Plowman. 2. (Med.) An intermittent fever, attended by alternate cold and hot fits. 3. The cold fit or rigor of the intermittent fever; as, fever and ague. 4. A chill, or state of shaking, as with cold. --Dryden. {Ague cake}, an enlargement of the spleen produced by ague. {Ague drop}, a solution of the arsenite of potassa used for ague. {Ague fit}, a fit of the ague. --Shak. {Ague spell}, a spell or charm against ague. --Gay. {Ague tree}, the sassafras, -- sometimes so called from the use of its root formerly, in cases of ague. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
As \As\ ([acr]z), adv. & conj. [OE. as, als, alse, also, al swa, AS. eal sw[be], lit. all so; hence, quite so, quite as: cf. G. als as, than, also so, then. See {Also}.] 1. Denoting equality or likeness in kind, degree, or manner; like; similar to; in the same manner with or in which; in accordance with; in proportion to; to the extent or degree in which or to which; equally; no less than; as, ye shall be as gods, knowing good and evil; you will reap as you sow; do as you are bidden. His spiritual attendants adjured him, as he loved his soul, to emancipate his brethren. --Macaulay. Note: As is often preceded by one of the antecedent or correlative words such, same, so, or as, in expressing an equality or comparison; as, give us such things as you please, and so long as you please, or as long as you please; he is not so brave as Cato; she is as amiable as she is handsome; come as quickly as possible. [bd]Bees appear fortunately to prefer the same colors as we do.[b8] --Lubbock. As, in a preceding part of a sentence, has such or so to answer correlatively to it; as with the people, so with the priest. 2. In the idea, character, or condition of, -- limiting the view to certain attributes or relations; as, virtue considered as virtue; this actor will appear as Hamlet. The beggar is greater as a man, than is the man merely as a king. --Dewey. 3. While; during or at the same time that; when; as, he trembled as he spoke. As I return I will fetch off these justices. --Shak. 4. Because; since; it being the case that. As the population of Scotland had been generally trained to arms . . . they were not indifferently prepared. --Sir W. Scott. [See Synonym under {Because}.] 5. Expressing concession. (Often approaching though in meaning). We wish, however, to avail ourselves of the interest, transient as it may be, which this work has excited. --Macaulay. 6. That, introducing or expressing a result or consequence, after the correlatives so and such. [Obs.] I can place thee in such abject state, as help shall never find thee. --Rowe. {So as}, so that. [Obs.] The relations are so uncertain as they require a great deal of examination. --Bacon. 7. As if; as though. [Obs. or Poetic] He lies, as he his bliss did know. --Waller. 8. For instance; by way of example; thus; -- used to introduce illustrative phrases, sentences, or citations. 9. Than. [Obs. & R.] The king was not more forward to bestow favors on them as they free to deal affronts to others their superiors. --Fuller. 10. Expressing a wish. [Obs.] [bd]As have,[b8] Note: i. e., may he have. --Chaucer. {As . . as}. See {So . . as}, under {So}. {As far as}, to the extent or degree. [bd]As far as can be ascertained.[b8] --Macaulay. {As far forth as}, as far as. [Obs.] --Chaucer. {As for}, [or] {As to}, in regard to; with respect to. {As good as}, not less than; not falling short of. {As good as one's word}, faithful to a promise. {As if}, or {As though}, of the same kind, or in the same condition or manner, that it would be if. {As it were} (as if it were), a qualifying phrase used to apologize for or to relieve some expression which might be regarded as inappropriate or incongruous; in a manner. {As now}, just now. [Obs.] --Chaucer. {As swythe}, as quickly as possible. [Obs.] --Chaucer. {As well}, also; too; besides. --Addison. {As well as}, equally with, no less than. [bd]I have understanding as well as you.[b8] --Job xii. 3. {As yet}, until now; up to or at the present time; still; now. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ashtoreth \Ash"to*reth\, n.; pl. {Ashtaroth}. The principal female divinity of the Ph[d2]nicians, as Baal was the principal male divinity. --W. Smith. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Ashtoreth \Ash"to*reth\, n.; pl. {Ashtaroth}. The principal female divinity of the Ph[d2]nicians, as Baal was the principal male divinity. --W. Smith. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Turn \Turn\, v. i. 1. To move round; to have a circular motion; to revolve entirely, repeatedly, or partially; to change position, so as to face differently; to whirl or wheel round; as, a wheel turns on its axis; a spindle turns on a pivot; a man turns on his heel. The gate . . . on golden hinges turning. --Milton. 2. Hence, to revolve as if upon a point of support; to hinge; to depend; as, the decision turns on a single fact. Conditions of peace certainly turn upon events of war. --Swift. 3. To result or terminate; to come about; to eventuate; to issue. If we repent seriously, submit contentedly, and serve him faithfully, afflictions shall turn to our advantage. --Wake. 4. To be deflected; to take a different direction or tendency; to be directed otherwise; to be differently applied; to be transferred; as, to turn from the road. Turn from thy fierce wrath. --Ex. xxxii. 12. Turn ye, turn ye from your evil ways. --Ezek. xxxiii. 11. The understanding turns inward on itself, and reflects on its own operations. --Locke. 5. To be changed, altered, or transformed; to become transmuted; also, to become by a change or changes; to grow; as, wood turns to stone; water turns to ice; one color turns to another; to turn Mohammedan. I hope you have no intent to turn husband. --Shak. Cygnets from gray turn white. --Bacon. 6. To undergo the process of turning on a lathe; as, ivory turns well. 7. Specifically: (a) To become acid; to sour; -- said of milk, ale, etc. (b) To become giddy; -- said of the head or brain. I'll look no more; Lest my brain turn. --Shak. (c) To be nauseated; -- said of the stomach. (d) To become inclined in the other direction; -- said of scales. (e) To change from ebb to flow, or from flow to ebb; -- said of the tide. (f) (Obstetrics) To bring down the feet of a child in the womb, in order to facilitate delivery. 8. (Print.) To invert a type of the same thickness, as temporary substitute for any sort which is exhausted. {To turn about}, to face to another quarter; to turn around. {To turn again}, to come back after going; to return. --Shak. {To turn against}, to become unfriendly or hostile to. {To turn} {aside [or] away}. (a) To turn from the direct course; to withdraw from a company; to deviate. (b) To depart; to remove. (c) To avert one's face. {To turn back}, to turn so as to go in an opposite direction; to retrace one's steps. {To turn in}. (a) To bend inward. (b) To enter for lodgings or entertainment. (c) To go to bed. [Colloq.] {To turn into}, to enter by making a turn; as, to turn into a side street. {To turn off}, to be diverted; to deviate from a course; as, the road turns off to the left. {To turn on} [or] {upon}. (a) To turn against; to confront in hostility or anger. (b) To reply to or retort. (c) To depend on; as, the result turns on one condition. {To turn out}. (a) To move from its place, as a bone. (b) To bend or point outward; as, his toes turn out. (c) To rise from bed. [Colloq.] (d) To come abroad; to appear; as, not many turned out to the fire. (e) To prove in the result; to issue; to result; as, the crops turned out poorly. {To turn over}, to turn from side to side; to roll; to tumble. {To turn round}. (a) To change position so as to face in another direction. (b) To change one's opinion; to change from one view or party to another. {To turn to}, to apply one's self to; have recourse to; to refer to. [bd]Helvicus's tables may be turned to on all occasions.[b8] --Locke. {To turn to account}, {profit}, {advantage}, or the like, to be made profitable or advantageous; to become worth the while. {To turn under}, to bend, or be folded, downward or under. {To turn up}. (a) To bend, or be doubled, upward. (b) To appear; to come to light; to transpire; to occur; to happen. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astarboard \A*star"board\, adv. (Naut.) Over to the starboard side; -- said of the tiller. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astart \A*start"\, v. t. & i. Same as {Astert}. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Aster \As"ter\, n. (Biol.) A star-shaped figure of achromatic substance found chiefly in cells dividing by mitosis. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Aster \As"ter\ ([acr]s"t[etil]r), n. [L. aster aster, star, Gr. 'asth`r star. See {Star}.] 1. (Bot.) A genus of herbs with compound white or bluish flowers; starwort; Michaelmas daisy. 2. (Floriculture) A plant of the genus {Callistephus}. Many varieties (called {China asters}, {German asters}, etc.) are cultivated for their handsome compound flowers. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sharewort \Share"wort`\, n. (Bot.) A composite plant ({Aster Tripolium}) growing along the seacoast of Europe. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Devil \Dev"il\, n. [AS. de[a2]fol, de[a2]ful; akin to G. [?]eufel, Goth. diaba[a3]lus; all fr. L. diabolus the devil, Gr. [?] the devil, the slanderer, fr. [?] to slander, calumniate, orig., to throw across; [?] across + [?] to throw, let fall, fall; cf. Skr. gal to fall. Cf. {Diabolic}.] 1. The Evil One; Satan, represented as the tempter and spiritual of mankind. [Jesus] being forty days tempted of the devil. --Luke iv. 2. That old serpent, called the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world. --Rev. xii. 9. 2. An evil spirit; a demon. A dumb man possessed with a devil. --Matt. ix. 32. 3. A very wicked person; hence, any great evil. [bd]That devil Glendower.[b8] [bd]The devil drunkenness.[b8] --Shak. Have not I chosen you twelve, and one of you is a devil? --John vi. 70. 4. An expletive of surprise, vexation, or emphasis, or, ironically, of negation. [Low] The devil a puritan that he is, . . . but a timepleaser. --Shak. The things, we know, are neither rich nor rare, But wonder how the devil they got there. --Pope. 5. (Cookery) A dish, as a bone with the meat, broiled and excessively peppered; a grill with Cayenne pepper. Men and women busy in baking, broiling, roasting oysters, and preparing devils on the gridiron. --Sir W. Scott. 6. (Manuf.) A machine for tearing or cutting rags, cotton, etc. {Blue devils}. See under {Blue}. {Cartesian devil}. See under {Cartesian}. {Devil bird} (Zo[94]l.), one of two or more South African drongo shrikes ({Edolius retifer}, and {E. remifer}), believed by the natives to be connected with sorcery. {Devil may care}, reckless, defiant of authority; -- used adjectively. --Longfellow. {Devil's apron} (Bot.), the large kelp ({Laminaria saccharina}, and {L. longicruris}) of the Atlantic ocean, having a blackish, leathery expansion, shaped somewhat like an apron. {Devil's coachhorse}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) The black rove beetle ({Ocypus olens}). [Eng.] (b) A large, predacious, hemipterous insect ({Prionotus cristatus}); the wheel bug. [U.S.] {Devil's darning-needle}. (Zo[94]l.) See under {Darn}, v. t. {Devil's fingers}, {Devil's hand} (Zo[94]l.), the common British starfish ({Asterias rubens}); -- also applied to a sponge with stout branches. [Prov. Eng., Irish & Scot.] {Devil's riding-horse} (Zo[94]l.), the American mantis ({Mantis Carolina}). {The Devil's tattoo}, a drumming with the fingers or feet. [bd]Jack played the Devil's tattoo on the door with his boot heels.[b8] --F. Hardman (Blackw. Mag.). {Devil worship}, worship of the power of evil; -- still practiced by barbarians who believe that the good and evil forces of nature are of equal power. {Printer's devil}, the youngest apprentice in a printing office, who runs on errands, does dirty work (as washing the ink rollers and sweeping), etc. [bd]Without fearing the printer's devil or the sheriff's officer.[b8] --Macaulay. {Tasmanian devil} (Zo[94]l.), a very savage carnivorous marsupial of Tasmania ({Dasyurus, [or] Diabolus, ursinus}). {To play devil with}, to molest extremely; to ruin. [Low] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
But-thorn \But"-thorn`\, n. (Zo[94]l.) The common European starfish ({Asterias rubens}). | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Five-finger \Five"-fin`ger\, n. 1. (Bot.) See {Cinquefoil}. 2. (Zo[94]l.) A starfish with five rays, esp. {Asterias rubens}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Asteriated \As*te"ri*a`ted\, a. [See {Asterias}.] Radiated, with diverging rays; as, asteriated sapphire. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sapphire \Sap"phire\ (? [or] ?; 277), n. [OE. saphir, F. saphir, L. sapphirus, Gr. [?], of Oriental origin; cf. Heb. sapp[c6]r.] 1. (Min.) Native alumina or aluminium sesquioxide, {Al2O3}; corundum; esp., the blue transparent variety of corundum, highly prized as a gem. Of rubies, sapphires, and of pearl[82]s white. --Chaucer. Note: Sapphire occurs in hexagonal crystals and also in granular and massive forms. The name sapphire is usually restricted to the blue crystals, while the bright red crystals are called Oriental rubies (see under {Ruby}), the amethystine variety Oriental amethyst (see under {Amethyst}), and the dull massive varieties corundum (a name which is also used as a general term to include all varieties). See {Corundum}. 2. The color of the gem; bright blue. 3. (Zo[94]l.) Any humming bird of the genus {Hylocharis}, native of South America. The throat and breast are usually bright blue. {Star sapphire}, [or] {Asteriated sapphire} (Min.), a kind of sapphire which exhibits asterism. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Asteridian \As`ter*id"i*an\, a. (Zo[94]l.) Of or pertaining to the Asterioidea. -- n. A starfish; one of the Asterioidea. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Asterisk \As"ter*isk\, n. [L. asteriscus, Gr. [?], dim. of 'asth`r star. See {Aster}.] The figure of a star, thus, [?], used in printing and writing as a reference to a passage or note in the margin, to supply the omission of letters or words, or to mark a word or phrase as having a special character. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Asterism \As`ter*ism\, n. [Gr. [?], fr. 'asth`r star; cf. F. ast[82]risme.] 1. (Astron.) (a) A constellation. [Obs.] (b) A small cluster of stars. 2. (Printing) (a) An asterisk, or mark of reference. [R.] (b) Three asterisks placed in this manner, [asterism], to direct attention to a particular passage. 3. (Crystallog.) An optical property of some crystals which exhibit a star-shaped by reflected light, as star sapphire, or by transmitted light, as some mica. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astern \A*stern"\, adv. [Pref. a- + stern.] (Naut.) 1. In or at the hinder part of a ship; toward the hinder part, or stern; backward; as, to go astern. 2. Behind a ship; in the rear. [bd]A gale of wind right astern.[b8] --De Foe. [bd]Left this strait astern.[b8] --Drake. {To bake astern}, to go stern foremost. {To be astern of the reckoning}, to be behind the position given by the reckoning. {To drop astern}, to fall or be left behind. {To go astern}, to go backward, as from the action of currents or winds. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Asternal \A*ster"nal\, a. [Pref. a- not + sternal.] (Anat.) Not sternal; -- said of ribs which do not join the sternum. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Asteroid \As"ter*oid\, n. [Gr. [?] starlike, starry; 'asth`r star + [?] form: cf. F. ast[82]ro[8b]de. See {Aster}.] A starlike body; esp. one of the numerous small planets whose orbits lie between those of Mars and Jupiter; -- called also {planetoids} and {minor planets}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Asteroidal \As`ter*oid"al\, a. Of or pertaining to an asteroid, or to the asteroids. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Asterope \As*ter"o*pe\, n. [Gr. [?], lit., lightning.] 1. (Myth.) One of the Pleiades; -- called also {Sterope}. 2. (Astron.) A double star in the Pleiades (21 k and 22 l Pleiadum, of the 5.8 and 6.4 magnitude respectively), appearing as a single star of the 5.3 magnitude to the naked eye. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Asterophyllite \As`ter*oph"yl*lite\ ([acr]s`t[etil]r*[ocr]f"[icr]l*l[imac]t), n. [Gr. 'asth`r star + fy`llon leaf.] (Paleon.) A fossil plant from the coal formations of Europe and America, now regarded as the branchlets and foliage of calamites. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astert \A*stert\, v. t. [Pref. a- + start; OE. asterten, asturten.] To start up; to befall; to escape; to shun. [Obs.] --Spenser. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astert \A*stert"\, v. i. To escape. [Obs.] --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astir \A*stir"\, adv. & a. [Pref. a- + stir.] Stirring; in a state of activity or motion; out of bed. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astr91an \As*tr[91]"an\, a. [Gr. [?] starry.] (Zo[94]l.) Pertaining to the genus {Astr[91]a} or the family {Astr[91]id[91]}. -- n. A coral of the family {Astr[91]id[91]}; a star coral. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrachan \As`tra*chan"\, a. & n. See {Astrakhan}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astraddle \A*strad"dle\, adv. [Pref. a- + straddle.] In a straddling position; astride; bestriding; as, to sit astraddle a horse. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astragal \As"tra*gal\, n. [L. astragalus, Gr. [?] the ankle bone, a molding in the capital of the Ionic column.] 1. (Arch.) A convex molding of rounded surface, generally from half to three quarters of a circle. 2. (Gun.) A round molding encircling a cannon near the mouth. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astragalar \As*trag"a*lar\, a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the astragalus. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astragaloid \As*trag"a*loid\, a. [Astragalus + -oid.] (Anat.) Resembling the astragalus in form. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astragalomancy \As*trag"a*lo*man`cy\, n. [Gr. [?] ankle bone, die + -mancy.] Divination by means of small bones or dice. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
{Ground furze} (Bot.), a low slightly thorny, leguminous shrub ({Ononis arvensis}) of Europe and Central Asia,; -- called also {rest-harrow}. {Ground game}, hares, rabbits, etc., as distinguished from winged game. {Ground hele} (Bot.), a perennial herb ({Veronica officinalis}) with small blue flowers, common in Europe and America, formerly thought to have curative properties. {Ground of the heavens} (Astron.), the surface of any part of the celestial sphere upon which the stars may be regarded as projected. {Ground hemlock} (Bot.), the yew ({Taxus baccata} var. Canadensisi) of eastern North America, distinguished from that of Europe by its low, straggling stems. {Ground hog}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) The woodchuck or American marmot ({Arctomys monax}). See {Woodchuck}. (b) The aardvark. {Ground hold} (Naut.), ground tackle. [Obs.] --Spenser. {Ground ice}, ice formed at the bottom of a body of water before it forms on the surface. {Ground ivy}. (Bot.) A trailing plant; alehoof. See {Gill}. {Ground joist}, a joist for a basement or ground floor; a. sleeper. {Ground lark} (Zo[94]l.), the European pipit. See {Pipit}. {Ground laurel} (Bot.). See {Trailing arbutus}, under {Arbutus}. {Ground line} (Descriptive Geom.), the line of intersection of the horizontal and vertical planes of projection. {Ground liverwort} (Bot.), a flowerless plant with a broad flat forking thallus and the fruit raised on peduncled and radiated receptacles ({Marchantia polymorpha}). {Ground mail}, in Scotland, the fee paid for interment in a churchyard. {Ground mass} (Geol.), the fine-grained or glassy base of a rock, in which distinct crystals of its constituents are embedded. {Ground parrakeet} (Zo[94]l.), one of several Australian parrakeets, of the genera {Callipsittacus} and {Geopsittacus}, which live mainly upon the ground. {Ground pearl} (Zo[94]l.), an insect of the family {Coccid[91]} ({Margarodes formicarum}), found in ants' nests in the Bahamas, and having a shelly covering. They are strung like beads, and made into necklaces by the natives. {Ground pig} (Zo[94]l.), a large, burrowing, African rodent ({Aulacodus Swinderianus}) about two feet long, allied to the porcupines but with harsh, bristly hair, and no spines; -- called also {ground rat}. {Ground pigeon} (Zo[94]l.), one of numerous species of pigeons which live largely upon the ground, as the tooth-billed pigeon ({Didunculus strigirostris}), of the Samoan Islands, and the crowned pigeon, or goura. See {Goura}, and {Ground dove} (above). {Ground pine}. (Bot.) (a) A blue-flowered herb of the genus {Ajuga} ({A. Cham[91]pitys}), formerly included in the genus {Teucrium} or germander, and named from its resinous smell. --Sir J. Hill. (b) A long, creeping, evergreen plant of the genus {Lycopodium} ({L. clavatum}); -- called also {club moss}. (c) A tree-shaped evergreen plant about eight inches in height, of the same genus ({L. dendroideum}) found in moist, dark woods in the northern part of the United States. --Gray. {Ground plan} (Arch.), a plan of the ground floor of any building, or of any floor, as distinguished from an elevation or perpendicular section. {Ground plane}, the horizontal plane of projection in perspective drawing. {Ground plate}. (a) (Arch.) One of the chief pieces of framing of a building; a timber laid horizontally on or near the ground to support the uprights; a ground sill or groundsel. (b) (Railroads) A bed plate for sleepers or ties; a mudsill. (c) (Teleg.) A metallic plate buried in the earth to conduct the electric current thereto. Connection to the pipes of a gas or water main is usual in cities. --Knight. {Ground plot}, the ground upon which any structure is erected; hence, any basis or foundation; also, a ground plan. {Ground plum} (Bot.), a leguminous plant ({Astragalus caryocarpus}) occurring from the Saskatchewan to Texas, and having a succulent plum-shaped pod. {Ground rat}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Ground pig} (above). {Ground rent}, rent paid for the privilege of building on another man's land. {Ground robin}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Chewink}. {Ground room}, a room on the ground floor; a lower room. --Tatler. {Ground sea}, the West Indian name for a swell of the ocean, which occurs in calm weather and without obvious cause, breaking on the shore in heavy roaring billows; -- called also {rollers}, and in Jamaica, {the North sea}. {Ground sill}. See {Ground plate} (a) (above). {Ground snake} (Zo[94]l.), a small burrowing American snake ({Celuta am[d2]na}). It is salmon colored, and has a blunt tail. {Ground squirrel}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) One of numerous species of burrowing rodents of the genera {Tamias} and {Spermophilus}, having cheek pouches. The former genus includes the Eastern striped squirrel or chipmunk and some allied Western species; the latter includes the prairie squirrel or striped gopher, the gray gopher, and many allied Western species. See {Chipmunk}, and {Gopher}. (b) Any species of the African genus {Xerus}, allied to {Tamias}. {Ground story}. Same as {Ground floor} (above). {Ground substance} (Anat.), the intercellular substance, or matrix, of tissues. {Ground swell}. (a) (Bot.) The plant groundsel. [Obs.] --Holland. (b) A broad, deep swell or undulation of the ocean, caused by a long continued gale, and felt even at a remote distance after the gale has ceased. {Ground table}. (Arch.) See Earth table, under Earth. {Ground tackle} (Naut.), the tackle necessary to secure a vessel at anchor. --Totten. {Ground thrush} (Zo[94]l.), one of numerous species of bright-colored Oriental birds of the family {Pittid[91]}. See {Pitta}. {Ground tier}. (a) The lowest tier of water casks in a vessel's hold. --Totten. (b) The lowest line of articles of any kind stowed in a vessel's hold. (c) The lowest range of boxes in a theater. {Ground timbers} (Shipbuilding) the timbers which lie on the keel and are bolted to the keelson; floor timbers. --Knight. {Ground tit}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Ground wren} (below). {Ground wheel}, that wheel of a harvester, mowing machine, etc., which, rolling on the ground, drives the mechanism. {Ground wren} (Zo[94]l.), a small California bird ({Cham[91]a fasciata}) allied to the wrens and titmice. It inhabits the arid plains. Called also {ground tit}, and {wren tit}. {To bite the ground}, {To break ground}. See under {Bite}, {Break}. {To come to the ground}, {To fall to the ground}, to come to nothing; to fail; to miscarry. {To gain ground}. (a) To advance; to proceed forward in conflict; as, an army in battle gains ground. (b) To obtain an advantage; to have some success; as, the army gains ground on the enemy. (c) To gain credit; to become more prosperous or influential. {To get, [or] To gather}, {ground}, to gain ground. [R.] [bd]Evening mist . . . gathers ground fast.[b8] --Milton. There is no way for duty to prevail, and get ground of them, but by bidding higher. --South. {To give ground}, to recede; to yield advantage. These nine . . . began to give me ground. --Shak. {To lose ground}, to retire; to retreat; to withdraw from the position taken; hence, to lose advantage; to lose credit or reputation; to decline. {To stand one's ground}, to stand firm; to resist attack or encroachment. --Atterbury. {To take the ground} to touch bottom or become stranded; -- said of a ship. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Milk vetch \Milk" vetch`\ (Bot.) A leguminous herb ({Astragalus glycyphyllos}) of Europe and Asia, supposed to increase the secretion of milk in goats. Note: The name is sometimes taken for the whole genus {Astragalus}, of which there are about two hundred species in North America, and even more elsewhere. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Tragacanth \Trag"a*canth\, n. [L. tragacanthum tragacanth, tragacantha the plant producing tragacanth, Gr. [?] [?] a he-goat + [?] a thorn: cf. F. tragacanthe.] A kind of gum procured from a spiny leguminous shrub ({Astragalus gummifer}) of Western Asia, and other species of Astragalus. It comes in hard whitish or yellowish flakes or filaments, and is nearly insoluble in water, but slowly swells into a mucilaginous mass, which is used as a substitute for gum arabic in medicine and the arts. Called also {gum tragacanth}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Loco \Lo"co\, n. [Sp. loco insane.] (Bot.) A plant ({Astragalus Hornii}) growing in the Southwestern United States, which is said to poison horses and cattle, first making them insane. The name is also given vaguely to several other species of the same genus. Called also {loco weed}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Goat \Goat\, n. [OE goot, got, gat, AS. g[be]t; akin to D. geit, OHG. geiz, G. geiss, Icel. geit, Sw. get, Dan. ged, Goth. gaits, L. haedus a young goat, kid.] (Zo[94]l.) A hollow-horned ruminant of the genus {Capra}, of several species and varieties, esp. the domestic goat ({C. hircus}), which is raised for its milk, flesh, and skin. Note: The Cashmere and Angora varieties of the goat have long, silky hair, used in the manufacture of textile fabrics. The wild or bezoar goat ({Capra [91]gagrus}), of Asia Minor, noted for the bezoar stones found in its stomach, is supposed to be one of the ancestral species ofthe domestic goat. The Rocky Montain goat ({Haplocercus montanus}) is more nearly related to the antelopes. See {Mazame}. {Goat antelope} (Zo[94]l), one of several species of antelopes, which in some respects resemble a goat, having recurved horns, a stout body, large hoofs, and a short, flat tail, as the goral, thar, mazame, and chikara. {Goat fig} (Bot.), the wild fig. {Goat house}. (a) A place for keeping goats. (b) A brothel. [Obs.] {Goat moth} (Zo[94]l.), any moth of the genus {Cossus}, esp. the large European species ({C. ligniperda}), the larva of which burrows in oak and willow trees, and requires three years to mature. It exhales an odor like that of the he-goat. {Goat weed} (Bot.), a scrophulariaceous plant, of the genus {Capraria} ({C. biflora}). {Goat's bane} (Bot.), a poisonous plant ({Aconitum Lucoctonum}), bearing pale yellow flowers, introduced from Switzerland into England; wolfsbane. {Goat's beard} (Bot.), a plant of the genus {Tragopogon}; -- so named from the long silky beard of the seeds. One species is the salsify or oyster plant. {Goat's foot} (Bot.), a kind of wood sorrel ({Oxalis caprina}) growing at the Cape of Good Hope. {Goat's rue} (Bot.), a leguminous plant ({Galega officinalis} of Europe, or {Tephrosia Virginiana} in the United States). {Goat's thorn} (Bot.), a thorny leguminous plant ({Astragalus Tragacanthus}), found in the Levant. {Goat's wheat} (Bot.), the genus {Tragopyrum} (now referred to {Atraphaxis}). | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrakhan \As`tra*khan"\, a. Of or pertaining to Astrakhan in Russia or its products; made of an Astrakhan skin. -- n. The skin of stillborn or young lambs of that region, the curled wool of which resembles fur. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astral \As"tral\, a. 1. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to an aster; as, astral rays; astral sphere. 2. (Theosophy) Consisting of, belonging to, or designating, a kind of supersensible substance alleged to be next above the tangible world in refinement; as, astral spirits; astral bodies of persons; astral current. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astral \As"tral\, a. [L. astralis, fr. astrum star, Gr. [?]: cf. F. astral. See {Star}.] Pertaining to, coming from, or resembling, the stars; starry; starlike. Shines only with an astral luster. --I. Taylor. Some astral forms I must invoke by prayer. --Dryden. {Astral lamp}, an Argand lamp so constructed that no shadow is cast upon the table by the flattened ring-shaped reservoir in which the oil is contained. {Astral spirits}, spirits formerly supposed to live in the heavenly bodies or the a[89]rial regions, and represented in the Middle Ages as fallen angels, spirits of the dead, or spirits originating in fire. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astral \As"tral\, a. [L. astralis, fr. astrum star, Gr. [?]: cf. F. astral. See {Star}.] Pertaining to, coming from, or resembling, the stars; starry; starlike. Shines only with an astral luster. --I. Taylor. Some astral forms I must invoke by prayer. --Dryden. {Astral lamp}, an Argand lamp so constructed that no shadow is cast upon the table by the flattened ring-shaped reservoir in which the oil is contained. {Astral spirits}, spirits formerly supposed to live in the heavenly bodies or the a[89]rial regions, and represented in the Middle Ages as fallen angels, spirits of the dead, or spirits originating in fire. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Spirit \Spir"it\, n. [OF. espirit, esperit, F. esprit, L. spiritus, from spirare to breathe, to blow. Cf. {Conspire}, {Expire}, {Esprit}, {Sprite}.] 1. Air set in motion by breathing; breath; hence, sometimes, life itself. [Obs.] [bd]All of spirit would deprive.[b8] --Spenser. The mild air, with season moderate, Gently attempered, and disposed eo well, That still it breathed foorth sweet spirit. --Spenser. 2. A rough breathing; an aspirate, as the letter h; also, a mark to denote aspiration; a breathing. [Obs.] Be it a letter or spirit, we have great use for it. --B. Jonson. 3. Life, or living substance, considered independently of corporeal existence; an intelligence conceived of apart from any physical organization or embodiment; vital essence, force, or energy, as distinct from matter. 4. The intelligent, immaterial and immortal part of man; the soul, in distinction from the body in which it resides; the agent or subject of vital and spiritual functions, whether spiritual or material. There is a spirit in man; and the inspiration of the Almighty giveth them understanding. --Job xxxii. 8. As the body without the spirit is dead, so faith without works is dead also. --James ii. 26. Spirit is a substance wherein thinking, knowing, doubting, and a power of moving, do subsist. --Locke. 5. Specifically, a disembodied soul; the human soul after it has left the body. Then shall the dust return to the earth as it was, and the spirit shall return unto God who gave it. --Eccl. xii. 7. Ye gentle spirits far away, With whom we shared the cup of grace. --Keble. 6. Any supernatural being, good or bad; an apparition; a specter; a ghost; also, sometimes, a sprite,; a fairy; an elf. Whilst young, preserve his tender mind from all impressions of spirits and goblins in the dark. --Locke. 7. Energy, vivacity, ardor, enthusiasm, courage, etc. [bd]Write it then, quickly,[b8] replied Bede; and summoning all his spirits together, like the last blaze of a candle going out, he indited it, and expired. --Fuller. 8. One who is vivacious or lively; one who evinces great activity or peculiar characteristics of mind or temper; as, a ruling spirit; a schismatic spirit. Such spirits as he desired to please, such would I choose for my judges. --Dryden. 9. Temper or disposition of mind; mental condition or disposition; intellectual or moral state; -- often in the plural; as, to be cheerful, or in good spirits; to be downhearted, or in bad spirits. God has . . . made a spirit of building succeed a spirit of pulling down. --South. A perfect judge will read each work of wit With the same spirit that its author writ. --Pope. 10. Intent; real meaning; -- opposed to the letter, or to formal statement; also, characteristic quality, especially such as is derived from the individual genius or the personal character; as, the spirit of an enterprise, of a document, or the like. 11. Tenuous, volatile, airy, or vapory substance, possessed of active qualities. All bodies have spirits . . . within them. --Bacon. 12. Any liquid produced by distillation; especially, alcohol, the spirits, or spirit, of wine (it having been first distilled from wine): -- often in the plural. 13. pl. Rum, whisky, brandy, gin, and other distilled liquors having much alcohol, in distinction from wine and malt liquors. 14. (Med.) A solution in alcohol of a volatile principle. Cf. {Tincture}. --U. S. Disp. 15. (Alchemy) Any one of the four substances, sulphur, sal ammoniac, quicksilver, or arsenic (or, according to some, orpiment). The four spirits and the bodies seven. --Chaucer. 16. (Dyeing) Stannic chloride. See under {Stannic}. Note: Spirit is sometimes joined with other words, forming compounds, generally of obvious signification; as, spirit-moving, spirit-searching, spirit-stirring, etc. {Astral spirits}, {Familiar spirits}, etc. See under {Astral}, {Familiar}, etc. {Animal spirits}. (a) (Physiol.) The fluid which at one time was supposed to circulate through the nerves and was regarded as the agent of sensation and motion; -- called also the {nervous fluid}, or {nervous principle}. (b) Physical health and energy; frolicsomeness; sportiveness. {Ardent spirits}, strong alcoholic liquors, as brandy, rum, whisky, etc., obtained by distillation. {Holy Spirit}, [or] {The Spirit} (Theol.), the Spirit of God, or the third person of the Trinity; the Holy Ghost. The spirit also signifies the human spirit as influenced or animated by the Divine Spirit. {Proof spirit}. (Chem.) See under {Proof}. {Rectified spirit} (Chem.), spirit rendered purer or more concentrated by redistillation, so as to increase the percentage of absolute alcohol. {Spirit butterfly} (Zo[94]l.), any one of numerous species of delicate butterflies of tropical America belonging to the genus {Ithomia}. The wings are gauzy and nearly destitute of scales. {Spirit duck}. (Zo[94]l.) (a) The buffle-headed duck. (b) The golden-eye. {Spirit lamp} (Art), a lamp in which alcohol or methylated spirit is burned. {Spirit level}. See under {Level}. {Spirit of hartshorn}. (Old Chem.) See under {Hartshorn}. {Spirit of Mindererus} (Med.), an aqueous solution of acetate of ammonium; -- named after R. Minderer, physician of Augsburg. {Spirit of nitrous ether} (Med. Chem.), a pale yellow liquid, of a sweetish taste and a pleasant ethereal odor. It is obtained by the distillation of alcohol with nitric and sulphuric acids, and consists essentially of ethyl nitrite with a little acetic aldehyde. It is used as a diaphoretic, diuretic, antispasmodic, etc. Called also {sweet spirit of niter}. {Spirit of salt} (Chem.), hydrochloric acid; -- so called because obtained from salt and sulphuric acid. [Obs.] {Spirit of sense}, the utmost refinement of sensation. [Obs.] --Shak. {Spirits}, [or] {Spirit}, {of turpentine} (Chem.), rectified oil of turpentine, a transparent, colorless, volatile, and very inflammable liquid, distilled from the turpentine of the various species of pine; camphine. See {Camphine}. {Spirit of vitriol} (Chem.), sulphuric acid; -- so called because formerly obtained by the distillation of green vitriol. [Obs.] {Spirit of vitriolic ether} (Chem.) ether; -- often but incorrectly called {sulphuric ether}. See {Ether}. [Obs.] {Spirits}, [or] {Spirit}, {of wine} (Chem.), alcohol; -- so called because formerly obtained by the distillation of wine. {Spirit rapper}, one who practices spirit rapping; a [bd]medium[b8] so called. {Spirit rapping}, an alleged form of communication with the spirits of the dead by raps. See {Spiritualism}, 3. {Sweet spirit of niter}. See {Spirit of nitrous ether}, above. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astral \As"tral\, a. [L. astralis, fr. astrum star, Gr. [?]: cf. F. astral. See {Star}.] Pertaining to, coming from, or resembling, the stars; starry; starlike. Shines only with an astral luster. --I. Taylor. Some astral forms I must invoke by prayer. --Dryden. {Astral lamp}, an Argand lamp so constructed that no shadow is cast upon the table by the flattened ring-shaped reservoir in which the oil is contained. {Astral spirits}, spirits formerly supposed to live in the heavenly bodies or the a[89]rial regions, and represented in the Middle Ages as fallen angels, spirits of the dead, or spirits originating in fire. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrand \A*strand"\, adv. & a. [Pref. a- + strand.] Stranded. --Sir W. Scott. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Masterwort \Mas"ter*wort`\, n. (Bot.) (a) A tall and coarse European umbelliferous plant ({Peucedanum Ostruthium}, formerly {Imperatoria}). (b) The {Astrantia major}, a European umbelliferous plant with a showy colored involucre. (c) Improperly, the cow parsnip ({Heracleum lanatum}). | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astray \A*stray"\, adv. & a. [See {Estray}, {Stray}.] Out of the right, either in a literal or in a figurative sense; wandering; as, to lead one astray. Ye were as sheep going astray. --1 Pet. ii. 25. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrict \As*trict"\, a. Concise; contracted. [Obs.] --Weever. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrict \As*trict"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Astricted}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Astricting}.] [L. astrictus, p. p. of astringere. See {Astringe}.] 1. To bind up; to confine; to constrict; to contract. The solid parts were to be relaxed or astricted. --Arbuthnot. 2. To bind; to constrain; to restrict; to limit. [R.] The mind is astricted to certain necessary modes or forms of thought. --Sir W. Hamilton. 3. (Scots Law) To restrict the tenure of; as, to astrict lands. See {Astriction}, 4. --Burrill. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrict \As*trict"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Astricted}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Astricting}.] [L. astrictus, p. p. of astringere. See {Astringe}.] 1. To bind up; to confine; to constrict; to contract. The solid parts were to be relaxed or astricted. --Arbuthnot. 2. To bind; to constrain; to restrict; to limit. [R.] The mind is astricted to certain necessary modes or forms of thought. --Sir W. Hamilton. 3. (Scots Law) To restrict the tenure of; as, to astrict lands. See {Astriction}, 4. --Burrill. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrict \As*trict"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Astricted}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Astricting}.] [L. astrictus, p. p. of astringere. See {Astringe}.] 1. To bind up; to confine; to constrict; to contract. The solid parts were to be relaxed or astricted. --Arbuthnot. 2. To bind; to constrain; to restrict; to limit. [R.] The mind is astricted to certain necessary modes or forms of thought. --Sir W. Hamilton. 3. (Scots Law) To restrict the tenure of; as, to astrict lands. See {Astriction}, 4. --Burrill. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astriction \As*tric"tion\, n. [L. astrictio.] 1. The act of binding; restriction; also, obligation. --Milton. 2. (Med.) (a) A contraction of parts by applications; the action of an astringent substance on the animal economy. --Dunglison. (b) Constipation. --Arbuthnot. 3. Astringency. [Obs.] --Bacon. 4. (Scots Law) An obligation to have the grain growing on certain lands ground at a certain mill, the owner paying a toll. --Bell. Note: The lands were said to be astricted to the mill. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrictive \As*tric"tive\, a. Binding; astringent. -- n. An astringent. -- {As*tric"tive*ly}, adv. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrictive \As*tric"tive\, a. Binding; astringent. -- n. An astringent. -- {As*tric"tive*ly}, adv. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrictory \As*tric"to*ry\, a. Astrictive. [R.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astride \A*stride"\, adv. [Pref. a- + stride.] With one leg on each side, as a man when on horseback; with the legs stretched wide apart; astraddle. Placed astride upon the bars of the palisade. --Sir W. Scott. Glasses with horn bows sat astride on his nose. --Longfellow. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astriferous \As*trif"er*ous\ (acr/s*tr[icr]f"[etil]r*[ucr]s), a. [L. astrifer; astrum star + ferre to bear.] Bearing stars. [R.] --Blount. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astringe \As*tringe"\ ([acr]s*tr[icr]nj"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Astringed} (-tr[icr]njd"); p. pr. & vb. n. {Astringing} (-j[icr]ng).] [L. astringere; ad + stringere to draw tight. Cf. {Astrict}, and see {Strain}, v. t.] 1. To bind fast; to constrict; to contract; to cause parts to draw together; to compress. Which contraction . . . astringeth the moisture of the brain and thereby sendeth tears into the eyes. --Bacon. 2. To bind by moral or legal obligation. --Wolsey. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astringe \As*tringe"\ ([acr]s*tr[icr]nj"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Astringed} (-tr[icr]njd"); p. pr. & vb. n. {Astringing} (-j[icr]ng).] [L. astringere; ad + stringere to draw tight. Cf. {Astrict}, and see {Strain}, v. t.] 1. To bind fast; to constrict; to contract; to cause parts to draw together; to compress. Which contraction . . . astringeth the moisture of the brain and thereby sendeth tears into the eyes. --Bacon. 2. To bind by moral or legal obligation. --Wolsey. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astringency \As*trin"gen*cy\ ([acr]s*tr[icr]n"j[eit]n*s[ycr]), n. The quality of being astringent; the power of contracting the parts of the body; that quality in medicines or other substances which causes contraction of the organic textures; as, the astringency of tannin. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astringent \As*trin"gent\ (-j[eit]nt), a. [L. astringens, p. pr. of astringere: cf. F. astringent. See {Astringe}.] 1. Drawing together the tissues; binding; contracting; -- opposed to {laxative}; as, astringent medicines; a butter and astringent taste; astringent fruit. 2. Stern; austere; as, an astringent type of virtue. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astringent \As*trin"gent\, n. A medicine or other substance that produces contraction in the soft organic textures, and checks discharges of blood, mucus, etc. External astringents are called styptics. --Dunglison. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astringently \As*trin"gent*ly\, adv. In an astringent manner. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astringer \As*trin"ger\, n. [OE. ostreger, OF. ostrucier, F. autoursier, fr. OF. austour, ostor, hawk, F. autour; cf. L. acceptor, for accipiter, hawk.] A falconer who keeps a goshawk. [Obs.] --Shak. --Cowell. [Written also {austringer}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astringe \As*tringe"\ ([acr]s*tr[icr]nj"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Astringed} (-tr[icr]njd"); p. pr. & vb. n. {Astringing} (-j[icr]ng).] [L. astringere; ad + stringere to draw tight. Cf. {Astrict}, and see {Strain}, v. t.] 1. To bind fast; to constrict; to contract; to cause parts to draw together; to compress. Which contraction . . . astringeth the moisture of the brain and thereby sendeth tears into the eyes. --Bacon. 2. To bind by moral or legal obligation. --Wolsey. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astroite \As"tro*ite\, n. [L. astroites: cf. F. astroite.] A radiated stone or fossil; star-stone. [Obs.] [Written also {astrite} and {astrion}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astroite \As"tro*ite\, n. [L. astroites: cf. F. astroite.] A radiated stone or fossil; star-stone. [Obs.] [Written also {astrite} and {astrion}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astro- \As"tro-\ The combining form of the Greek word 'a`stron, meaning star. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
d8Tucuma \[d8]Tu*cu"ma\, n. (Bot.) A Brazilian palm ({Astrocaryum Tucuma}) which furnishes an edible fruit. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
d8Tucum \[d8]Tu"cum\, n. [So called by the Indians of Brazil.] A fine, strong fiber obtained from the young leaves of a Brazilian palm ({Astrocaryum vulgare}), used for cordage, bowstrings, etc.; also, the plant yielding this fiber. Called also {tecum}, and {tecum fiber}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrofel \As"tro*fel\, Astrofell \As"tro*fell\, n. A bitter herb, probably the same as aster, or starwort. --Spenser. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrofel \As"tro*fel\, Astrofell \As"tro*fell\, n. A bitter herb, probably the same as aster, or starwort. --Spenser. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrogeny \As*trog"e*ny\, n. [Astro- + Gr. [?] birth.] The creation or evolution of the stars or the heavens. --H. Spencer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrognosy \As*trog"no*sy\, n. [Astro- + Gr. [?] knowledge.] The science or knowledge of the stars, esp. the fixed stars. --Bouvier. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrogony \As*trog"o*ny\, n. Same as {Astrogeny}. -- {As`*tro*gon"ic}, a. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrogony \As*trog"o*ny\, n. Same as {Astrogeny}. -- {As`*tro*gon"ic}, a. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrography \As*trog"ra*phy\, n. [Astro'cf + -graphy.] The art of describing or delineating the stars; a description or mapping of the heavens. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astroite \As"tro*ite\, n. [L. astroites: cf. F. astroite.] A radiated stone or fossil; star-stone. [Obs.] [Written also {astrite} and {astrion}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrolabe \As"tro*labe\ ([acr]s"tr[osl]*l[amac]b), n. [OE. astrolabie, astrilabe, OF. astrelabe, F. astrolabe, LL. astrolabium, fr. Gr. 'astrola`bon; 'a`stron star + [?], [?], to take.] 1. (Astron.) An instrument for observing or showing the positions of the stars. It is now disused. Note: Among the ancients, it was essentially the armillary sphere. A graduated circle with sights, for taking altitudes at sea, was called an astrolabe in the 18th century. It is now superseded by the quadrant and sextant. 2. A stereographic projection of the sphere on the plane of a great circle, as the equator, or a meridian; a planisphere. --Whewell. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrolater \As*trol"a*ter\, n. A worshiper of the stars. --Morley. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrolatry \As*trol"a*try\, n. [Astro- + Gr. [?] service, worship: cf. F. astrol[83]trie.] The worship of the stars. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrolithology \As`tro*li*thol"o*gy\, n. [Astro- + lithology.] The science of a[89]rolites. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrologer \As*trol"o*ger\, n. [See {Astrology}.] 1. One who studies the stars; an astronomer. [Obs.] 2. One who practices astrology; one who professes to foretell events by the aspects and situation of the stars. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrologian \As`tro*lo"gi*an\, n. [OF. astrologien.] An astrologer. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrologic \As`tro*log"ic\, Astrological \As`tro*log"ic*al\, a. [Gr. 'astrologiko`s.] Of or pertaining to astrology; professing or practicing astrology. [bd]Astrologic learning.[b8] --Hudibras. [bd]Astrological prognostication.[b8] --Cudworth. -- {As`tro*log"ic*al*ly}, adv. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrologic \As`tro*log"ic\, Astrological \As`tro*log"ic*al\, a. [Gr. 'astrologiko`s.] Of or pertaining to astrology; professing or practicing astrology. [bd]Astrologic learning.[b8] --Hudibras. [bd]Astrological prognostication.[b8] --Cudworth. -- {As`tro*log"ic*al*ly}, adv. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrologic \As`tro*log"ic\, Astrological \As`tro*log"ic*al\, a. [Gr. 'astrologiko`s.] Of or pertaining to astrology; professing or practicing astrology. [bd]Astrologic learning.[b8] --Hudibras. [bd]Astrological prognostication.[b8] --Cudworth. -- {As`tro*log"ic*al*ly}, adv. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrologize \As*trol"o*gize\, v. t. & i. To apply astrology to; to study or practice astrology. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrology \As*trol"o*gy\ ([acr]s*tr[ocr]l"[osl]*j[ycr]), n. [F. astrologie, L. astrologia, fr. Gr. 'astrologi`a, fr. 'astrolo`gos astronomer, astrologer; 'asth`r star + lo`gos discourse, le`gein to speak. See {Star}.] In its etymological signification, the science of the stars; among the ancients, synonymous with astronomy; subsequently, the art of judging of the influences of the stars upon human affairs, and of foretelling events by their position and aspects. Note: Astrology was much in vogue during the Middle Ages, and became the parent of modern astronomy, as alchemy did of chemistry. It was divided into two kinds: judicial astrology, which assumed to foretell the fate and acts of nations and individuals, and natural astrology, which undertook to predict events of inanimate nature, such as changes of the weather, etc. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astromantic \As`tro*man"tic\, a. [Gr. [?] astrology.] Of or pertaining to divination by means of the stars; astrologic. [R.] --Dr. H. More. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrometeorology \As`tro*me`te*or*ol"o*gy\, n. [Astro- + meteorology.] The investigation of the relation between the sun, moon, and stars, and the weather. -- {As`*tro*me`te*or`o*log"ic*al}, a. -- {As`tro*me`te*or*ol"o*gist}, n. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrometeorology \As`tro*me`te*or*ol"o*gy\, n. [Astro- + meteorology.] The investigation of the relation between the sun, moon, and stars, and the weather. -- {As`*tro*me`te*or`o*log"ic*al}, a. -- {As`tro*me`te*or*ol"o*gist}, n. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrometeorology \As`tro*me`te*or*ol"o*gy\, n. [Astro- + meteorology.] The investigation of the relation between the sun, moon, and stars, and the weather. -- {As`*tro*me`te*or`o*log"ic*al}, a. -- {As`tro*me`te*or*ol"o*gist}, n. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrometer \As*trom"e*ter\, n. [Astro- + meter.] An instrument for comparing the relative amount of the light of stars. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrometry \As*trom"e*try\, n. [Astro- + metry.] The art of making measurements among the stars, or of determining their relative magnitudes. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astronomer \As*tron"o*mer\, n. [See {Astronomy}.] 1. An astrologer. [Obs.] --Shak. 2. One who is versed in astronomy; one who has a knowledge of the laws of the heavenly orbs, or the principles by which their motions are regulated, with their various phenomena. An undevout astronomer is mad. --Young. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astronomian \As`tro*no"mi*an\, n. [OE. & OF. astronomien. See {Astronomy}.] An astrologer. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astronomic \As`tro*nom"ic\, a. Astronomical. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astronomical \As`tro*nom"ic*al\ (-[icr]*k[ait]l), a. [L. astronomicus, Gr. 'astronomiko`s: cf. F. astronomique.] Of or pertaining to astronomy; in accordance with the methods or principles of astronomy. -- {As`tro*nom"ic*al*ly}, adv. {Astronomical clock}. See under {Clock}. {Astronomical day}. See under {Day}. {Astronomical fractions}, {Astronomical numbers}. See under {Sexagesimal}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Geography \Ge*og"ra*phy\, n.; pl. {Geographies}. [F. g[82]ographie, l. geographia, fr. Gr. [?]; ge`a, gh^, the earth + [?] description, fr. [?] to write, describe. See {Graphic}.] 1. The science which treats of the world and its inhabitants; a description of the earth, or a portion of the earth, including its structure, fetures, products, political divisions, and the people by whom it is inhabited. 2. A treatise on this science. {Astronomical}, {or Mathematical}, geography treats of the earth as a planet, of its shape, its size, its lines of latitude and longitude, its zones, and the phenomena due to to the earth's diurnal and annual motions. {Physical geography} treats of the conformation of the earth's surface, of the distribution of land and water, of minerals, plants, animals, etc., and applies the principles of physics to the explanation of the diversities of climate, productions, etc. {Political geography} treats of the different countries into which earth is divided with regard to political and social and institutions and conditions. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astronomical \As`tro*nom"ic*al\ (-[icr]*k[ait]l), a. [L. astronomicus, Gr. 'astronomiko`s: cf. F. astronomique.] Of or pertaining to astronomy; in accordance with the methods or principles of astronomy. -- {As`tro*nom"ic*al*ly}, adv. {Astronomical clock}. See under {Clock}. {Astronomical day}. See under {Day}. {Astronomical fractions}, {Astronomical numbers}. See under {Sexagesimal}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Clock \Clock\, n. [AS. clucge bell; akin to D. klok clock, bell, G. glocke, Dan. klokke, Sw. klocka, Icel. klukka bell, LL. clocca, cloca (whence F. cloche); al perh. of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. & Gael. clog bell, clock, W. cloch bell. Cf. {Cloak}.] 1. A machine for measuring time, indicating the hour and other divisions by means of hands moving on a dial plate. Its works are moved by a weight or a spring, and it is often so constructed as to tell the hour by the stroke of a hammer on a bell. It is not adapted, like the watch, to be carried on the person. 2. A watch, esp. one that strikes. [Obs.] --Walton. 3. The striking of a clock. [Obs.] --Dryden. 4. A figure or figured work on the ankle or side of a stocking. --Swift. Note: The phrases what o'clock? it is nine o'clock, etc., are contracted from what of the clock? it is nine of the clock, etc. {Alarm clock}. See under {Alarm}. {Astronomical clock}. (a) A clock of superior construction, with a compensating pendulum, etc., to measure time with great accuracy, for use in astronomical observatories; -- called a regulator when used by watchmakers as a standard for regulating timepieces. (b) A clock with mechanism for indicating certain astronomical phenomena, as the phases of the moon, position of the sun in the ecliptic, equation of time, etc. {Electric clock}. (a) A clock moved or regulated by electricity or electro-magnetism. (b) A clock connected with an electro-magnetic recording apparatus. {Ship's clock} (Naut.), a clock arranged to strike from one to eight strokes, at half hourly intervals, marking the divisions of the ship's watches. {Sidereal clock}, an astronomical clock regulated to keep sidereal time. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astronomical \As`tro*nom"ic*al\ (-[icr]*k[ait]l), a. [L. astronomicus, Gr. 'astronomiko`s: cf. F. astronomique.] Of or pertaining to astronomy; in accordance with the methods or principles of astronomy. -- {As`tro*nom"ic*al*ly}, adv. {Astronomical clock}. See under {Clock}. {Astronomical day}. See under {Day}. {Astronomical fractions}, {Astronomical numbers}. See under {Sexagesimal}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
{Anniversary day}. See {Anniversary}, n. {Astronomical day}, a period equal to the mean solar day, but beginning at noon instead of at midnight, its twenty-four hours being numbered from 1 to 24; also, the sidereal day, as that most used by astronomers. {Born days}. See under {Born}. {Canicular days}. See {Dog day}. {Civil day}, the mean solar day, used in the ordinary reckoning of time, and among most modern nations beginning at mean midnight; its hours are usually numbered in two series, each from 1 to 12. This is the period recognized by courts as constituting a day. The Babylonians and Hindoos began their day at sunrise, the Athenians and Jews at sunset, the ancient Egyptians and Romans at midnight. {Day blindness}. (Med.) See {Nyctalopia}. {Day by day}, or {Day after day}, daily; every day; continually; without intermission of a day. See under {By}. [bd]Day by day we magnify thee.[b8] --Book of Common Prayer. {Days in bank} (Eng. Law), certain stated days for the return of writs and the appearance of parties; -- so called because originally peculiar to the Court of Common Bench, or Bench (bank) as it was formerly termed. --Burrill. {Day in court}, a day for the appearance of parties in a suit. {Days of devotion} (R. C. Ch.), certain festivals on which devotion leads the faithful to attend mass. --Shipley. {Days of grace}. See {Grace}. {Days of obligation} (R. C. Ch.), festival days when it is obligatory on the faithful to attend Mass. --Shipley. {Day owl}, (Zo[94]l.), an owl that flies by day. See {Hawk owl}. {Day rule} (Eng. Law), an order of court (now abolished) allowing a prisoner, under certain circumstances, to go beyond the prison limits for a single day. {Day school}, one which the pupils attend only in daytime, in distinction from a boarding school. {Day sight}. (Med.) See {Hemeralopia}. {Day's work} (Naut.), the account or reckoning of a ship's course for twenty-four hours, from noon to noon. {From day to day}, as time passes; in the course of time; as, he improves from day to day. {Jewish day}, the time between sunset and sunset. {Mean solar day} (Astron.), the mean or average of all the apparent solar days of the year. {One day}, {One of these days}, at an uncertain time, usually of the future, rarely of the past; sooner or later. [bd]Well, niece, I hope to see you one day fitted with a husband.[b8] --Shak. {Only from day to day}, without certainty of continuance; temporarily. --Bacon. {Sidereal day}, the interval between two successive transits of the first point of Aries over the same meridian. The Sidereal day is 23 h. 56 m. 4.09 s. of mean solar time. {To win the day}, to gain the victory, to be successful. --S. Butler. {Week day}, any day of the week except Sunday; a working day. {Working day}. (a) A day when work may be legally done, in distinction from Sundays and legal holidays. (b) The number of hours, determined by law or custom, during which a workman, hired at a stated price per day, must work to be entitled to a day's pay. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sexagesimal \Sex`a*ges"i*mal\, a. [Cf. F. sexag[82]simal.] Pertaining to, or founded on, the number sixty. {Sexagesimal fractions} [or] {numbers} (Arith. & Alg.), those fractions whose denominators are some power of sixty; as, [frac1x60], [frac1x3600], [frac1x216000]; -- called also {astronomical fractions}, because formerly there were no others used in astronomical calculations. {Sexagesimal}, [or] {Sexagenary}, {arithmetic}, the method of computing by the sexagenary scale, or by sixties. {Sexagesimal scale} (Math.), the sexagenary scale. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astronomical \As`tro*nom"ic*al\ (-[icr]*k[ait]l), a. [L. astronomicus, Gr. 'astronomiko`s: cf. F. astronomique.] Of or pertaining to astronomy; in accordance with the methods or principles of astronomy. -- {As`tro*nom"ic*al*ly}, adv. {Astronomical clock}. See under {Clock}. {Astronomical day}. See under {Day}. {Astronomical fractions}, {Astronomical numbers}. See under {Sexagesimal}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sexagesimal \Sex`a*ges"i*mal\, a. [Cf. F. sexag[82]simal.] Pertaining to, or founded on, the number sixty. {Sexagesimal fractions} [or] {numbers} (Arith. & Alg.), those fractions whose denominators are some power of sixty; as, [frac1x60], [frac1x3600], [frac1x216000]; -- called also {astronomical fractions}, because formerly there were no others used in astronomical calculations. {Sexagesimal}, [or] {Sexagenary}, {arithmetic}, the method of computing by the sexagenary scale, or by sixties. {Sexagesimal scale} (Math.), the sexagenary scale. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astronomical \As`tro*nom"ic*al\ (-[icr]*k[ait]l), a. [L. astronomicus, Gr. 'astronomiko`s: cf. F. astronomique.] Of or pertaining to astronomy; in accordance with the methods or principles of astronomy. -- {As`tro*nom"ic*al*ly}, adv. {Astronomical clock}. See under {Clock}. {Astronomical day}. See under {Day}. {Astronomical fractions}, {Astronomical numbers}. See under {Sexagesimal}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astronomical \As`tro*nom"ic*al\ (-[icr]*k[ait]l), a. [L. astronomicus, Gr. 'astronomiko`s: cf. F. astronomique.] Of or pertaining to astronomy; in accordance with the methods or principles of astronomy. -- {As`tro*nom"ic*al*ly}, adv. {Astronomical clock}. See under {Clock}. {Astronomical day}. See under {Day}. {Astronomical fractions}, {Astronomical numbers}. See under {Sexagesimal}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Telescope \Tel"e*scope\, n. [Gr. [?] viewing afar, farseeing; [?] far, far off + [?] a watcher, akin to [?] to view: cf. F. t[82]lescope. See {Telegraph}, and {-scope}.] An optical instrument used in viewing distant objects, as the heavenly bodies. Note: A telescope assists the eye chiefly in two ways; first, by enlarging the visual angle under which a distant object is seen, and thus magnifying that object; and, secondly, by collecting, and conveying to the eye, a larger beam of light than would enter the naked organ, thus rendering objects distinct and visible which would otherwise be indistinct and or invisible. Its essential parts are the object glass, or concave mirror, which collects the beam of light, and forms an image of the object, and the eyeglass, which is a microscope, by which the image is magnified. {Achromatic telescope}. See under {Achromatic}. {Aplanatic telescope}, a telescope having an aplanatic eyepiece. {Astronomical telescope}, a telescope which has a simple eyepiece so constructed or used as not to reverse the image formed by the object glass, and consequently exhibits objects inverted, which is not a hindrance in astronomical observations. {Cassegrainian telescope}, a reflecting telescope invented by Cassegrain, which differs from the Gregorian only in having the secondary speculum convex instead of concave, and placed nearer the large speculum. The Cassegrainian represents objects inverted; the Gregorian, in their natural position. The Melbourne telescope (see Illust. under {Reflecting telescope}, below) is a Cassegrainian telescope. {Dialytic telescope}. See under {Dialytic}. {Equatorial telescope}. See the Note under {Equatorial}. {Galilean telescope}, a refracting telescope in which the eyeglass is a concave instead of a convex lens, as in the common opera glass. This was the construction originally adopted by Galileo, the inventor of the instrument. It exhibits the objects erect, that is, in their natural positions. {Gregorian telescope}, a form of reflecting telescope. See under {Gregorian}. {Herschelian telescope}, a reflecting telescope of the form invented by Sir William Herschel, in which only one speculum is employed, by means of which an image of the object is formed near one side of the open end of the tube, and to this the eyeglass is applied directly. {Newtonian telescope}, a form of reflecting telescope. See under {Newtonian}. {Photographic telescope}, a telescope specially constructed to make photographs of the heavenly bodies. {Prism telescope}. See {Teinoscope}. {Reflecting telescope}, a telescope in which the image is formed by a speculum or mirror (or usually by two speculums, a large one at the lower end of the telescope, and the smaller one near the open end) instead of an object glass. See {Gregorian, Cassegrainian, Herschelian, [and] Newtonian, telescopes}, above. {Refracting telescope}, a telescope in which the image is formed by refraction through an object glass. {Telescope carp} (Zo[94]l.), the telescope fish. {Telescope fish} (Zo[94]l.), a monstrous variety of the goldfish having very protuberant eyes. {Telescope fly} (Zo[94]l.), any two-winged fly of the genus {Diopsis}, native of Africa and Asia. The telescope flies are remarkable for having the eyes raised on very long stalks. {Telescope shell} (Zo[94]l.), an elongated gastropod ({Cerithium telescopium}) having numerous flattened whorls. {Telescope sight} (Firearms), a slender telescope attached to the barrel, having cross wires in the eyepiece and used as a sight. {Terrestrial telescope}, a telescope whose eyepiece has one or two lenses more than the astronomical, for the purpose of inverting the image, and exhibiting objects erect. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Time \Time\, n.; pl. {Times}. [OE. time, AS. t[c6]ma, akin to t[c6]d time, and to Icel. t[c6]mi, Dan. time an hour, Sw. timme. [fb]58. See {Tide}, n.] 1. Duration, considered independently of any system of measurement or any employment of terms which designate limited portions thereof. The time wasteth [i. e. passes away] night and day. --Chaucer. I know of no ideas . . . that have a better claim to be accounted simple and original than those of space and time. --Reid. 2. A particular period or part of duration, whether past, present, or future; a point or portion of duration; as, the time was, or has been; the time is, or will be. God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in time past unto the fathers by the prophets. --Heb. i. 1. 3. The period at which any definite event occurred, or person lived; age; period; era; as, the Spanish Armada was destroyed in the time of Queen Elizabeth; -- often in the plural; as, ancient times; modern times. 4. The duration of one's life; the hours and days which a person has at his disposal. Believe me, your time is not your own; it belongs to God, to religion, to mankind. --Buckminster. 5. A proper time; a season; an opportunity. There is . . . a time to every purpose. --Eccl. iii. 1. The time of figs was not yet. --Mark xi. 13. 6. Hour of travail, delivery, or parturition. She was within one month of her time. --Clarendon. 7. Performance or occurrence of an action or event, considered with reference to repetition; addition of a number to itself; repetition; as, to double cloth four times; four times four, or sixteen. Summers three times eight save one. --Milton. 8. The present life; existence in this world as contrasted with immortal life; definite, as contrasted with infinite, duration. Till time and sin together cease. --Keble. 9. (Gram.) Tense. 10. (Mus.) The measured duration of sounds; measure; tempo; rate of movement; rhythmical division; as, common or triple time; the musician keeps good time. Some few lines set unto a solemn time. --Beau. & Fl. Note: Time is often used in the formation of compounds, mostly self-explaining; as, time-battered, time-beguiling, time-consecrated, time-consuming, time-enduring, time-killing, time-sanctioned, time-scorner, time-wasting, time-worn, etc. {Absolute time}, time irrespective of local standards or epochs; as, all spectators see a lunar eclipse at the same instant of absolute time. {Apparent time}, the time of day reckoned by the sun, or so that 12 o'clock at the place is the instant of the transit of the sun's center over the meridian. {Astronomical time}, mean solar time reckoned by counting the hours continuously up to twenty-four from one noon to the next. {At times}, at distinct intervals of duration; now and then; as, at times he reads, at other times he rides. {Civil time}, time as reckoned for the purposes of common life in distinct periods, as years, months, days, hours, etc., the latter, among most modern nations, being divided into two series of twelve each, and reckoned, the first series from midnight to noon, the second, from noon to midnight. {Common time} (Mil.), the ordinary time of marching, in which ninety steps, each twenty-eight inches in length, are taken in one minute. {Equation of time}. See under {Equation}, n. {In time}. (a) In good season; sufficiently early; as, he arrived in time to see the exhibition. (b) After a considerable space of duration; eventually; finally; as, you will in time recover your health and strength. {Mean time}. See under 4th {Mean}. {Quick time} (Mil.), time of marching, in which one hundred and twenty steps, each thirty inches in length, are taken in one minute. {Sidereal time}. See under {Sidereal}. {Standard time}, the civil time that has been established by law or by general usage over a region or country. In England the standard time is Greenwich mean solar time. In the United States and Canada four kinds of standard time have been adopted by the railroads and accepted by the people, viz., Eastern, Central, Mountain, and Pacific time, corresponding severally to the mean local times of the 75th, 90th, 105th, and 120th meridians west from Greenwich, and being therefore five, six, seven, and eight hours slower than Greenwich time. {Time ball}, a ball arranged to drop from the summit of a pole, to indicate true midday time, as at Greenwich Observatory, England. --Nichol. {Time bargain} (Com.), a contract made for the sale or purchase of merchandise, or of stock in the public funds, at a certain time in the future. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astronomical \As`tro*nom"ic*al\ (-[icr]*k[ait]l), a. [L. astronomicus, Gr. 'astronomiko`s: cf. F. astronomique.] Of or pertaining to astronomy; in accordance with the methods or principles of astronomy. -- {As`tro*nom"ic*al*ly}, adv. {Astronomical clock}. See under {Clock}. {Astronomical day}. See under {Day}. {Astronomical fractions}, {Astronomical numbers}. See under {Sexagesimal}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astronomize \As*tron"o*mize\, v. i. [Gr. [?].] To study or to talk astronomy. [R.] They astronomized in caves. --Sir T. Browne. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astronomy \As*tron"o*my\, n. [OE. astronomie, F. astronomie, L. astronomia, fr. Gr. [?], fr. [?] astronomer; 'asth`r star + [?] to distribute, regulate. See {Star}, and {Nomad}.] 1. Astrology. [Obs.] Not from the stars do I my judgment pluck; And yet methinks I have astronomy. --Shak. 2. The science which treats of the celestial bodies, of their magnitudes, motions, distances, periods of revolution, eclipses, constitution, physical condition, and of the causes of their various phenomena. 3. A treatise on, or text-book of, the science. {Physical astronomy}. See under {Physical}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrophel \As"tro*phel\, n. See {Astrofel}. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrophotography \As`tro*pho*tog"ra*phy\, n. [Astro- + photography.] The application of photography to the delineation of the sun, moon, and stars. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrophotometer \As`tro*pho*tom"e*ter\, n. [Pref. astro- + photometer.] (Astron.) A photometer for measuring the brightness of stars. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrophotometry \As`tro*pho*tom"e*try\, n. (Astron.) The determination of the brightness of stars, and also of the sun, moon, and planets. -- {As`tro*pho`to*met"ric*al}, a. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrophotometry \As`tro*pho*tom"e*try\, n. (Astron.) The determination of the brightness of stars, and also of the sun, moon, and planets. -- {As`tro*pho`to*met"ric*al}, a. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrophysical \As`tro*phys"ic*al\, a. Pertaining to the physics of astronomical science. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrophysics \As`tro*phys"ics\, n. [Astro- + physics.] (Astron.) The science treating of the physical characteristics of the stars and other heavenly bodies, their chemical constitution, light, heat, atmospheres, etc. Note: Its observations are made with the spectroscope, bolometer, etc., usually in connection with the telescope. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astroscope \As"tro*scope\, n. [Astro- + scope.] An old astronomical instrument, formed of two cones, on whose surface the constellations were delineated. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Stargaser \Star"gas`er\, n. 1. One who gazes at the stars; an astrologer; sometimes, in derision or contempt, an astronomer. 2. (Zo[94]l.) Any one of several species of spiny-rayed marine fishes belonging to {Uranoscopus}, {Astroscopus}, and allied genera, of the family {Uranoscopid[91]}. The common species of the Eastern United States are {Astroscopus anoplus}, and {A. guttatus}. So called from the position of the eyes, which look directly upward. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astroscopy \As*tros"co*py\, n. Observation of the stars. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrotheology \As`tro*the*ol"o*gy\, n. [Astro- + theology.] Theology founded on observation or knowledge of the celestial bodies. --Derham. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astructive \A*struc"tive\, a. [L. astructus, p. p. of astruere to build up; ad + struere to build.] Building up; constructive; -- opposed to {destructive}. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astrut \A*strut"\, a. & adv. 1. Sticking out, or puffed out; swelling; in a swelling manner. [Archaic] Inflated and astrut with self-conceit. --Cowper. 2. In a strutting manner; with a strutting gait. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Falcongentil \Fal"con*gen`til\, n. [F. faucon-gentil. See {Falcon}, and {Genteel}.] (Zo[94]l.) The female or young of the goshawk ({Astur palumbarius}). | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Goshawk \Gos"hawk`\, n. [AS. g[?]shafuc, lit., goosehawk; or Icel. g[be]shaukr. See {Goose}, and {Hawk} the bird.] (Zo[94]l.) Any large hawk of the genus {Astur}, of which many species and varieties are known. The European ({Astur palumbarius}) and the American ({A. atricapillus}) are the best known species. They are noted for their powerful flight, activity, and courage. The Australian goshawk ({A. Nov[91]-Hollandi[91]}) is pure white. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Asturian \As*tu"ri*an\, a. Of or pertaining to Asturias in Spain. -- n. A native of Asturias. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Auctary \Auc"ta*ry\, n. [L. auctarium.] That which is superadded; augmentation. [Obs.] --Baxter. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Austere \Aus*tere"\, [F. aust[8a]re, L. austerus, fr. Gr. [?], fr. [?] to parch, dry. Cf. {Sear}.] 1. Sour and astringent; rough to the state; having acerbity; as, an austere crab apple; austere wine. 2. Severe in modes of judging, or living, or acting; rigid; rigorous; stern; as, an austere man, look, life. From whom the austere Etrurian virtue rose. --Dryden. 3. Unadorned; unembellished; severely simple. Syn: Harsh; sour; rough; rigid; stern; severe; rigorous; strict. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Austerely \Aus*tere"ly\, adv. Severely; rigidly; sternly. A doctrine austerely logical. --Macaulay. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Austereness \Aus*tere"ness\, n. 1. Harshness or astringent sourness to the taste; acerbity. --Johnson. 2. Severity; strictness; austerity. --Shak. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Austerity \Aus*ter"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Austerities}. [F. aust[82]rit[82], L. austerias, fr. austerus. See {Austere}.] 1. Sourness and harshness to the taste. [Obs.] --Horsley. 2. Severity of manners or life; extreme rigor or strictness; harsh discipline. The austerity of John the Baptist. --Milton. 3. Plainness; freedom from adornment; severe simplicity. Partly owing to the studied austerity of her dress, and partly to the lack of demonstration in her manners. --Hawthorne. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Austerity \Aus*ter"i*ty\, n.; pl. {Austerities}. [F. aust[82]rit[82], L. austerias, fr. austerus. See {Austere}.] 1. Sourness and harshness to the taste. [Obs.] --Horsley. 2. Severity of manners or life; extreme rigor or strictness; harsh discipline. The austerity of John the Baptist. --Milton. 3. Plainness; freedom from adornment; severe simplicity. Partly owing to the studied austerity of her dress, and partly to the lack of demonstration in her manners. --Hawthorne. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Austral \Aus"tral\, a. (Biogeography) Designating, or pert. to, a zone extending across North America between the Transition and Tropical zones, and including most of the United States and central Mexico except the mountainous parts. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Austral \Aus"tral\, a. [L. australis, fr. auster: cf. F. austral.] Southern; lying or being in the south; as, austral land; austral ocean. {Austral signs} (Astron.), the last six signs of the zodiac, or those south of the equator. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Austral \Aus"tral\, a. [L. australis, fr. auster: cf. F. austral.] Southern; lying or being in the south; as, austral land; austral ocean. {Austral signs} (Astron.), the last six signs of the zodiac, or those south of the equator. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Australasian \Aus`tral*a"sian\, a. Of or pertaining to Australasia; as, Australasian regions. -- n. A native or an inhabitant of Australasia. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Tea \Tea\, n. [Chin. tsh[be], Prov. Chin. te: cf. F. th[82].] 1. The prepared leaves of a shrub, or small tree ({Thea, [or] Camellia, Chinensis}). The shrub is a native of China, but has been introduced to some extent into some other countries. Note: Teas are classed as green or black, according to their color or appearance, the kinds being distinguished also by various other characteristic differences, as of taste, odor, and the like. The color, flavor, and quality are dependent upon the treatment which the leaves receive after being gathered. The leaves for green tea are heated, or roasted slightly, in shallow pans over a wood fire, almost immediately after being gathered, after which they are rolled with the hands upon a table, to free them from a portion of their moisture, and to twist them, and are then quickly dried. Those intended for black tea are spread out in the air for some time after being gathered, and then tossed about with the hands until they become soft and flaccid, when they are roasted for a few minutes, and rolled, and having then been exposed to the air for a few hours in a soft and moist state, are finally dried slowly over a charcoal fire. The operation of roasting and rolling is sometimes repeated several times, until the leaves have become of the proper color. The principal sorts of green tea are Twankay, the poorest kind; Hyson skin, the refuse of Hyson; Hyson, Imperial, and Gunpowder, fine varieties; and Young Hyson, a choice kind made from young leaves gathered early in the spring. Those of black tea are Bohea, the poorest kind; Congou; Oolong; Souchong, one of the finest varieties; and Pekoe, a fine-flavored kind, made chiefly from young spring buds. See {Bohea}, {Congou}, {Gunpowder tea}, under {Gunpowder}, {Hyson}, {Oolong}, and {Souchong}. --K. Johnson. Tomlinson. Note: [bd]No knowledge of . . . [tea] appears to have reached Europe till after the establishment of intercourse between Portugal and China in 1517. The Portuguese, however, did little towards the introduction of the herb into Europe, and it was not till the Dutch established themselves at Bantam early in 17th century, that these adventurers learned from the Chinese the habit of tea drinking, and brought it to Europe.[b8] --Encyc. Brit. 2. A decoction or infusion of tea leaves in boiling water; as, tea is a common beverage. 3. Any infusion or decoction, especially when made of the dried leaves of plants; as, sage tea; chamomile tea; catnip tea. 4. The evening meal, at which tea is usually served; supper. {Arabian tea}, the leaves of {Catha edulis}; also (Bot.), the plant itself. See {Kat}. {Assam tea}, tea grown in Assam, in India, originally brought there from China about the year 1850. {Australian}, [or] {Botany Bay}, {tea} (Bot.), a woody clambing plant ({Smilax glycyphylla}). {Brazilian tea}. (a) The dried leaves of {Lantana pseodothea}, used in Brazil as a substitute for tea. (b) The dried leaves of {Stachytarpheta mutabilis}, used for adulterating tea, and also, in Austria, for preparing a beverage. {Labrador tea}. (Bot.) See under {Labrador}. {New Jersey tea} (Bot.), an American shrub, the leaves of which were formerly used as a substitute for tea; redroot. See {Redroot}. {New Zealand tea}. (Bot.) See under {New Zealand}. {Oswego tea}. (Bot.) See {Oswego tea}. {Paraguay tea}, mate. See 1st {Mate}. {Tea board}, a board or tray for holding a tea set. {Tea bug} (Zo[94]l.), an hemipterous insect which injures the tea plant by sucking the juice of the tender leaves. {Tea caddy}, a small box for holding tea. {Tea chest}, a small, square wooden case, usually lined with sheet lead or tin, in which tea is imported from China. {Tea clam} (Zo[94]l.), a small quahaug. [Local, U. S.] {Tea garden}, a public garden where tea and other refreshments are served. {Tea plant} (Bot.), any plant, the leaves of which are used in making a beverage by infusion; specifically, {Thea Chinensis}, from which the tea of commerce is obtained. {Tea rose} (Bot.), a delicate and graceful variety of the rose ({Rosa Indica}, var. {odorata}), introduced from China, and so named from its scent. Many varieties are now cultivated. {Tea service}, the appurtenances or utensils required for a tea table, -- when of silver, usually comprising only the teapot, milk pitcher, and sugar dish. {Tea set}, a tea service. {Tea table}, a table on which tea furniture is set, or at which tea is drunk. {Tea taster}, one who tests or ascertains the quality of tea by tasting. {Tea tree} (Bot.), the tea plant of China. See {Tea plant}, above. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Australian \Aus*tra"li*an\, a. [From L. Terra Australis southern land.] Of or pertaining to Australia. -- n. A native or an inhabitant of Australia. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
d8Echidna \[d8]E*chid"na\, n. [L., a viper, adder, Gr. [?].] 1. (Gr. Myth.) A monster, half maid and half serpent. 2. (Zo[94]l.) A genus of {Monotremata} found in Australia, Tasmania, and New Guinea. They are toothless and covered with spines; -- called also {porcupine ant-eater}, and {Australian ant-eater}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Australian ballot \Aus*tra"li*an bal"lot\ (Law) A system of balloting or voting in public elections, originally used in South Australia, in which there is such an arrangement for polling votes that secrecy is compulsorily maintained, and the ballot used is an official ballot printed and distributed by the government. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Koala \Ko*a"la\, n. A tailless marsupial ({Phascolarctos cinereus}), found in Australia. The female carries her young on the back of her neck. Called also {Australian bear}, {native bear}, and {native sloth}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bear \Bear\, n. [OE. bere, AS. bera; akin to D. beer, OHG. bero, pero, G. b[84]r, Icel. & Sw. bj[94]rn, and possibly to L. fera wild beast, Gr. [?] beast, Skr. bhalla bear.] 1. (Zo[94]l.) Any species of the genus Ursus, and of the closely allied genera. Bears are plantigrade Carnivora, but they live largely on fruit and insects. Note: The European brown bear ({U. arctos}), the white polar bear ({U. maritimus}), the grizzly bear ({U. horribilis}), the American black bear, and its variety the cinnamon bear ({U. Americanus}), the Syrian bear ({Ursus Syriacus}), and the sloth bear, are among the notable species. 2. (Zo[94]l.) An animal which has some resemblance to a bear in form or habits, but no real affinity; as, the woolly bear; ant bear; water bear; sea bear. 3. (Astron.) One of two constellations in the northern hemisphere, called respectively the {Great Bear} and the {Lesser Bear}, or {Ursa Major} and {Ursa Minor}. 4. Metaphorically: A brutal, coarse, or morose person. 5. (Stock Exchange) A person who sells stocks or securities for future delivery in expectation of a fall in the market. Note: The bears and bulls of the Stock Exchange, whose interest it is, the one to depress, and the other to raise, stocks, are said to be so called in allusion to the bear's habit of pulling down, and the bull's of tossing up. 6. (Mach.) A portable punching machine. 7. (Naut.) A block covered with coarse matting; -- used to scour the deck. {Australian bear}. (Zo[94]l.) See {Koala}. {Bear baiting}, the sport of baiting bears with dogs. {Bear caterpillar} (Zo[94]l.), the hairy larva of a moth, esp. of the genus {Euprepia}. {Bear garden}. (a) A place where bears are kept for diversion or fighting. (b) Any place where riotous conduct is common or permitted. --M. Arnold. {Bear leader}, one who leads about a performing bear for money; hence, a facetious term for one who takes charge of a young man on his travels. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Honeysuckle \Hon"ey*suc`kle\, n. [Cf. AS. hunis[?]ge privet. See {Honey}, and {Suck}.] (Bot.) One of several species of flowering plants, much admired for their beauty, and some for their fragrance. Note: The honeysuckles are properly species of the genus {Lonicera}; as, {L. Caprifolium}, and {L. Japonica}, the commonly cultivated fragrant kinds; {L. Periclymenum}, the fragrant woodbine of England; {L. grata}, the American woodbine, and {L. sempervirens}, the red-flowered trumpet honeysuckle. The European fly honeysuckle is {L. Xylosteum}; the American, {L. ciliata}. The American Pinxter flower ({Azalea nudiflora}) is often called honeysuckle, or false honeysuckle. The name {Australian honeysuckle} is applied to one or more trees of the genus {Banksia}. See {French honeysuckle}, under {French}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Lancewood \Lance"wood`\, n. (Bot.) A tough, elastic wood, often used for the shafts of gigs, archery bows, fishing rods, and the like. Also, the tree which produces this wood, {Duguetia Quitarensis} (a native of Guiana and Cuba), and several other trees of the same family ({Anonase[91]}). {Australian lancewood}, a myrtaceous tree ({Backhousia Australis}). | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Manna \Man"na\, n. [L., fr. Gr. [?], Heb. m[be]n; cf. Ar. mann, properly, gift (of heaven).] 1. (Script.) The food supplied to the Israelites in their journey through the wilderness of Arabia; hence, divinely supplied food. --Ex. xvi. 15. 2. (Bot.) A name given to lichens of the genus {Lecanora}, sometimes blown into heaps in the deserts of Arabia and Africa, and gathered and used as food. 3. (Bot. & Med.) A sweetish exudation in the form of pale yellow friable flakes, coming from several trees and shrubs and used in medicine as a gentle laxative, as the secretion of {Fraxinus Ornus}, and {F. rotundifolia}, the manna ashes of Southern Europe. Note: {Persian manna} is the secretion of the camel's thorn (see {Camel's thorn}, under {Camel}); {Tamarisk manna}, that of the {Tamarisk mannifera}, a shrub of Western Asia; {Australian, manna}, that of certain species of eucalyptus; {Brian[87]on manna}, that of the European larch. {Manna grass} (Bot.), a name of several tall slender grasses of the genus {Glyceria}. they have long loose panicles, and grow in moist places. {Nerved manna grass} is {Glyceria nervata}, and {Floating manna grass} is {G. flu}. {Manna insect} (Zo[94]l), a scale insect ({Gossyparia mannipara}), which causes the exudation of manna from the Tamarisk tree in Arabia. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Nettle \Net"tle\, n. [AS. netele; akin to D. netel, G. nessel, OHG. nezz[8b]la, nazza, Dan. nelde, n[84]lde, Sw. n[84]ssla; cf, Lith. notere.] (Bot.) A plant of the genus {Urtica}, covered with minute sharp hairs containing a poison that produces a stinging sensation. {Urtica gracitis} is common in the Northern, and {U. cham[91]dryoides} in the Southern, United States. the common European species, {U. urens} and {U. dioica}, are also found in the Eastern united States. {U. pilulifera} is the Roman nettle of England. Note: The term nettle has been given to many plants related to, or to some way resembling, the true nettle; as: {Australian nettle}, a stinging tree or shrub of the genus {Laportea} (as {L. gigas} and {L. moroides}); -- also called {nettle tree}. {Bee nettle}, {Hemp nettle}, a species of {Galeopsis}. See under {Hemp}. {Blind nettle}, {Dead nettle}, a harmless species of {Lamium}. {False nettle} ({B[91]hmeria cylindrica}), a plant common in the United States, and related to the true nettles. {Hedge nettle}, a species of {Stachys}. See under {Hedge}. {Horse nettle} ({Solanum Carolinense}). See under {Horse}. {nettle tree}. (a) Same as {Hackberry}. (b) See {Australian nettle} (above). {Spurge nettle}, a stinging American herb of the Spurge family ({Jatropha urens}). {Wood nettle}, a plant ({Laportea Canadensis}) which stings severely, and is related to the true nettles. {Nettle cloth}, a kind of thick cotton stuff, japanned, and used as a substitute for leather for various purposes. {Nettle rash} (Med.), an eruptive disease resembling the effects of whipping with nettles. {Sea nettle} (Zo[94]l.), a medusa. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sloth \Sloth\, n. [OE. slouthe, sleuthe, AS. sl[?]w[?], fr. sl[be]w slow. See {Slow}.] 1. Slowness; tardiness. These cardinals trifle with me; I abhor This dilatory sloth and tricks of Rome. --Shak. 2. Disinclination to action or labor; sluggishness; laziness; idleness. [They] change their course to pleasure, ease, and sloth. --Milton. Sloth, like rust, consumes faster than labor wears. --Franklin. 3. (Zo[94]l.) Any one of several species of arboreal edentates constituting the family {Bradypodid[91]}, and the suborder Tardigrada. They have long exserted limbs and long prehensile claws. Both jaws are furnished with teeth (see Illust. of {Edentata}), and the ears and tail are rudimentary. They inhabit South and Central America and Mexico. Note: The three-toed sloths belong to the genera {Bradypus} and {Arctopithecus}, of which several species have been described. They have three toes on each foot. The best-known species are collared sloth ({Bradypus tridactylus}), and the ai ({Arctopitheus ai}). The two-toed sloths, consisting the genus {Cholopus}, have two toes on each fore foot and three on each hind foot. The best-known is the unau ({Cholopus didactylus}) of South America. See {Unau}. Another species ({C. Hoffmanni}) inhabits Central America. Various large extinct terrestrial edentates, such as Megatherium and Mylodon, are often called sloths. {Australian, [or] Native} {sloth} (Zo[94]l.), the koala. {Sloth animalcule} (Zo[94]l.), a tardigrade. {Sloth bear} (Zo[94]l.), a black or brown long-haired bear ({Melursus ursinus, [or] labiatus}), native of India and Ceylon; -- called also {aswail}, {labiated bear}, and {jungle bear}. It is easily tamed and can be taught many tricks. {Sloth monkey} (Zo[94]l.), a loris. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Oak \Oak\ ([omac]k), n. [OE. oke, ok, ak, AS. [be]c; akin to D. eik, G. eiche, OHG. eih, Icel. eik, Sw. ek, Dan. eeg.] 1. (Bot.) Any tree or shrub of the genus {Quercus}. The oaks have alternate leaves, often variously lobed, and staminate flowers in catkins. The fruit is a smooth nut, called an {acorn}, which is more or less inclosed in a scaly involucre called the cup or cupule. There are now recognized about three hundred species, of which nearly fifty occur in the United States, the rest in Europe, Asia, and the other parts of North America, a very few barely reaching the northern parts of South America and Africa. Many of the oaks form forest trees of grand proportions and live many centuries. The wood is usually hard and tough, and provided with conspicuous medullary rays, forming the silver grain. 2. The strong wood or timber of the oak. Note: Among the true oaks in America are: {Barren oak}, or {Black-jack}, {Q. nigra}. {Basket oak}, {Q. Michauxii}. {Black oak}, {Q. tinctoria}; -- called also {yellow} or {quercitron oak}. {Bur oak} (see under {Bur}.), {Q. macrocarpa}; -- called also {over-cup} or {mossy-cup oak}. {Chestnut oak}, {Q. Prinus} and {Q. densiflora}. {Chinquapin oak} (see under {Chinquapin}), {Q. prinoides}. {Coast live oak}, {Q. agrifolia}, of California; -- also called {enceno}. {Live oak} (see under {Live}), {Q. virens}, the best of all for shipbuilding; also, {Q. Chrysolepis}, of California. {Pin oak}. Same as {Swamp oak}. {Post oak}, {Q. obtusifolia}. {Red oak}, {Q. rubra}. {Scarlet oak}, {Q. coccinea}. {Scrub oak}, {Q. ilicifolia}, {Q. undulata}, etc. {Shingle oak}, {Q. imbricaria}. {Spanish oak}, {Q. falcata}. {Swamp Spanish oak}, or {Pin oak}, {Q. palustris}. {Swamp white oak}, {Q. bicolor}. {Water oak}, {Q. aguatica}. {Water white oak}, {Q. lyrata}. {Willow oak}, {Q. Phellos}. Among the true oaks in Europe are: {Bitter oak}, [or] {Turkey oak}, {Q. Cerris} (see {Cerris}). {Cork oak}, {Q. Suber}. {English white oak}, {Q. Robur}. {Evergreen oak}, {Holly oak}, [or] {Holm oak}, {Q. Ilex}. {Kermes oak}, {Q. coccifera}. {Nutgall oak}, {Q. infectoria}. Note: Among plants called oak, but not of the genus {Quercus}, are: {African oak}, a valuable timber tree ({Oldfieldia Africana}). {Australian, [or] She}, {oak}, any tree of the genus {Casuarina} (see {Casuarina}). {Indian oak}, the teak tree (see {Teak}). {Jerusalem oak}. See under {Jerusalem}. {New Zealand oak}, a sapindaceous tree ({Alectryon excelsum}). {Poison oak}, the poison ivy. See under {Poison}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Pitcher \Pitch"er\, n. [OE. picher, OF. pichier, OHG. pehhar, pehh[be]ri; prob. of the same origin as E. beaker. Cf. {Beaker}.] 1. A wide-mouthed, deep vessel for holding liquids, with a spout or protruding lip and a handle; a water jug or jar with a large ear or handle. 2. (Bot.) A tubular or cuplike appendage or expansion of the leaves of certain plants. {American pitcher plants}, the species of Sarracenia. See {Sarracenia}. {Australian pitcher plant}, the {Cephalotus follicularis}, a low saxifragaceous herb having two kinds of radical leaves, some oblanceolate and entire, others transformed into little ovoid pitchers, longitudinally triple-winged and ciliated, the mouth covered with a lid shaped like a cockleshell. {California pitcher plant}, the {Darlingtonia California}. See {Darlingtonia}. {Pitcher plant}, any plant with the whole or a part of the leaves transformed into pitchers or cuplike organs, especially the species of {Nepenthes}. See {Nepenthes}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Note: Two or three hundred varieties of plums derived from the {Prunus domestica} are described; among them the {greengage}, the {Orleans}, the {purple gage}, or {Reine Claude Violette}, and the {German prune}, are some of the best known. Note: Among the true plums are; {Beach plum}, the {Prunus maritima}, and its crimson or purple globular drupes, {Bullace plum}. See {Bullace}. {Chickasaw plum}, the American {Prunus Chicasa}, and its round red drupes. {Orleans plum}, a dark reddish purple plum of medium size, much grown in England for sale in the markets. {Wild plum of America}, {Prunus Americana}, with red or yellow fruit, the original of the {Iowa plum} and several other varieties. Among plants called plum, but of other genera than {Prunus}, are; {Australian plum}, {Cargillia arborea} and {C. australis}, of the same family with the persimmon. {Blood plum}, the West African {H[91]matostaphes Barteri}. {Cocoa plum}, the Spanish nectarine. See under {Nectarine}. {Date plum}. See under {Date}. {Gingerbread plum}, the West African {Parinarium macrophyllum}. {Gopher plum}, the Ogeechee lime. {Gray plum}, {Guinea plum}. See under {Guinea}. {Indian plum}, several species of {Flacourtia}. 2. A grape dried in the sun; a raisin. 3. A handsome fortune or property; formerly, in cant language, the sum of [9c]100,000 sterling; also, the person possessing it. {Plum bird}, {Plum budder} (Zo[94]l.), the European bullfinch. {Plum gouger} (Zo[94]l.), a weevil, or curculio ({Coccotorus scutellaris}), which destroys plums. It makes round holes in the pulp, for the reception of its eggs. The larva bores into the stone and eats the kernel. {Plum weevil} (Zo[94]l.), an American weevil which is very destructive to plums, nectarines cherries, and many other stone fruits. It lays its eggs in crescent-shaped incisions made with its jaws. The larva lives upon the pulp around the stone. Called also {turk}, and {plum curculio}. See Illust. under {Curculio}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sassafras \Sas"sa*fras\, n. [F. sassafras (cf. It. sassafrasso, sassafras, Sp. sasafras, salsafras, salsifrax, salsifragia, saxifragia), fr. L. saxifraga saxifrage. See {Saxifrage}.] (Bot.) An American tree of the Laurel family ({Sassafras officinale}); also, the bark of the roots, which has an aromatic smell and taste. {Australian sassafras}, a lofty tree ({Doryophora Sassafras}) with aromatic bark and leaves. {Chilian sassafras}, an aromatic tree ({Laurelia sempervirens}). {New Zealand sassafras}, a similar tree ({Laurelia Nov[91] Zelandi[91]}). {Sassafras nut}. See {Pichurim bean}. {Swamp sassafras}, the sweet bay ({Magnolia glauca}). See {Magnolia}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Australize \Aus"tral*ize\, v. i. [See {Austral}.] To tend toward the south pole, as a magnet. [Obs.] They [magnets] do septentrionate at one extreme, and australize at another. --Sir T. Browne. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Austrian \Aus"tri*an\, a. Of or pertaining to Austria, or to its inhabitants. -- n. A native or an inhabitant of Austria. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Austrine \Aus"trine\, n. [L. austrinus, from auster south.] Southern; southerly; austral. [Obs.] --Bailey. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Astringer \As*trin"ger\, n. [OE. ostreger, OF. ostrucier, F. autoursier, fr. OF. austour, ostor, hawk, F. autour; cf. L. acceptor, for accipiter, hawk.] A falconer who keeps a goshawk. [Obs.] --Shak. --Cowell. [Written also {austringer}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Austro-Hungarian \Aus"tro-Hun*ga"ri*an\, a. Of or pertaining to the monarchy composed of Austria and Hungary. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Austromancy \Aus"tro*man`cy\, n. [L. auster south wind + -mancy.] Soothsaying, or prediction of events, from observation of the winds. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Awe-stricken \Awe"-strick`en\, a. Awe-struck. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Awe-struck \Awe"-struck`\, a. Struck with awe. --Milton. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Axtree \Ax"tree\, n. Axle or axletree. [Obs.] --Drayton. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Azedarach \A*zed"a*rach\, n. [F. az[82]darac, Sp. acederaque, Pers. [be]z[be]ddirakht noble tree.] 1. (Bot.) A handsome Asiatic tree ({Melia azedarach}), common in the southern United States; -- called also, {Pride of India}, {Pride of China}, and {Bead tree}. 2. (Med.) The bark of the roots of the azedarach, used as a cathartic and emetic. | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Astor, FL (CDP, FIPS 2275) Location: 29.14972 N, 81.53221 W Population (1990): 1273 (997 housing units) Area: 18.4 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 32102 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Astoria, IL (village, FIPS 2635) Location: 40.22832 N, 90.35589 W Population (1990): 1205 (554 housing units) Area: 1.4 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 61501 Astoria, NY Zip code(s): 11101, 11102, 11103, 11105, 11106 Astoria, OR (city, FIPS 3150) Location: 46.18803 N, 123.82048 W Population (1990): 10069 (4631 housing units) Area: 14.9 sq km (land), 10.2 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 97103 Astoria, SD (town, FIPS 2580) Location: 44.55774 N, 96.54600 W Population (1990): 155 (79 housing units) Area: 0.4 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 57213 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Austerlitz, NY Zip code(s): 12017 | |
From Jargon File (4.2.0, 31 JAN 2000) [jargon]: | |
A Story About `Magic' Some years ago, I (GLS) was snooping around in the cabinets that housed the MIT AI Lab's PDP-10, and noticed a little switch glued to the frame of one cabinet. It was obviously a homebrew job, added by one of the lab's hardware hackers (no one knows who). You don't touch an unknown switch on a computer without knowing what it does, because you might crash the computer. The switch was labeled in a most unhelpful way. It had two positions, and scrawled in pencil on the metal switch body were the words `magic' and `more magic'. The switch was in the `more magic' position. I called another hacker over to look at it. He had never seen the switch before either. Closer examination revealed that the switch had only one wire running to it! The other end of the wire did disappear into the maze of wires inside the computer, but it's a basic fact of electricity that a switch can't do anything unless there are two wires connected to it. This switch had a wire connected on one side and no wire on its other side. It was clear that this switch was someone's idea of a silly joke. Convinced by our reasoning that the switch was inoperative, we flipped it. The computer instantly crashed. Imagine our utter astonishment. We wrote it off as coincidence, but nevertheless restored the switch to the `more magic' position before reviving the computer. A year later, I told this story to yet another hacker, David Moon as I recall. He clearly doubted my sanity, or suspected me of a supernatural belief in the power of this switch, or perhaps thought I was fooling him with a bogus saga. To prove it to him, I showed him the very switch, still glued to the cabinet frame with only one wire connected to it, still in the `more magic' position. We scrutinized the switch and its lone connection, and found that the other end of the wire, though connected to the computer wiring, was connected to a ground pin. That clearly made the switch doubly useless: not only was it electrically nonoperative, but it was connected to a place that couldn't affect anything anyway. So we flipped the switch. The computer promptly crashed. This time we ran for Richard Greenblatt, a long-time MIT hacker, who was close at hand. He had never noticed the switch before, either. He inspected it, concluded it was useless, got some diagonal cutters and {dike}d it out. We then revived the computer and it has run fine ever since. We still don't know how the switch crashed the machine. There is a theory that some circuit near the ground pin was marginal, and flipping the switch changed the electrical capacitance enough to upset the circuit as millionth-of-a-second pulses went through it. But we'll never know for sure; all we can really say is that the switch was {magic}. I still have that switch in my basement. Maybe I'm silly, but I usually keep it set on `more magic'. 1994: Another explanation of this story has since been offered. Note that the switch body was metal. Suppose that the non-connected side of the switch was connected to the switch body (usually the body is connected to a separate earth lug, but there are exceptions). The body is connected to the computer case, which is, presumably, grounded. Now the circuit ground within the machine isn't necessarily at the same potential as the case ground, so flipping the switch connected the circuit ground to the case ground, causing a voltage drop/jump which reset the machine. This was probably discovered by someone who found out the hard way that there was a potential difference between the two, and who then wired in the switch as a joke. | |
From Jargon File (4.2.0, 31 JAN 2000) [jargon]: | |
astroturfing n. The use of paid shills to create the impression of a popular movement, through means like letters to newspapers from soi-disant `concerned citizens', paid opinion pieces, and the formation of grass-roots lobbying groups that are actually funded by a PR group (astroturf is fake grass; hence the term). This term became common among hackers after it came to light in early 1998 that Microsoft had attempted to use such tactics to forestall the U.S. Department of Justice's antitrust action against the company. This backfired horribly, angering a number of state attorneys-general enough to induce them to go public with plans to join the Federal suit. It also set anybody defending Microsoft on the net for the accusation "You're just astroturfing!". | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Actor Windows} written by Charles Duff of the {Whitewater Group} ca. 1986. It has {Pascal}/{C}-like {syntax}. Uses a {token-threaded} {interpreter}. {Early binding} is an option. ["Actor Does More than Windows", E.R. Tello, Dr Dobb's J 13(1):114-125 (Jan 1988)]. (1994-11-08) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
actor 1. which exists as a {concurrent} process. 2. allocation. (1994-11-08) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Actor Windows} written by Charles Duff of the {Whitewater Group} ca. 1986. It has {Pascal}/{C}-like {syntax}. Uses a {token-threaded} {interpreter}. {Early binding} is an option. ["Actor Does More than Windows", E.R. Tello, Dr Dobb's J 13(1):114-125 (Jan 1988)]. (1994-11-08) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
actor 1. which exists as a {concurrent} process. 2. allocation. (1994-11-08) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Actors are autonomous and concurrent {objects} which execute {asynchronously}. The Actor model provides flexible mechanisms for building parallel and {distributed} software systems. {(http://osl.cs.uiuc.edu/)}. ["Laws for Communicating Parallel Processes", C. Hewitt et al, IFIP 77, pp. 987-992, N-H 1977]. ["ACTORS: A Model of Concurrent Computation in Distributed Systems", Gul A. Agha 1986]. (1999-11-23) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
actor/singer/waiter/webmaster actor/singer/waiter, someone who waits tables _for now_, but who has aspirations of breaking into the glamorous worlds of acting or New Media or both! He keeps going to auditions and sending a resumes to {C|Net (http://www.cnet.com/)} because you have to pay your dues. His credits include being on "Friends" (as an extra), in "ER" (actually, in an ER - he twisted his ankle once; but he counts the x-rays as screen credits), and having been the webmaster of an extensive multimedia interactive web site (his hotlist of "Simpsons" links). (1998-04-04) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Actra [LaLonde et al, OOPSLA '86]. (1994-11-08) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
AST Research, Inc. leading {personal computer} manufacturer. AST developed {desktop}, mobile, and {server} {PC}s that were sold in more than 100 countries worldwide. It is now (2000-03-02) trading as {ARI Service}. In January 1999 the name and intellectual property were acquired by a new company named {AST Computers, LLC}. (2000-03-21) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
asterisk {INTERCAL}: {splat}; {ITU-T}: asterisk. Rare: {wild card}; gear; dingle; mult; spider; aster; times; twinkle; {glob}; {Nathan Hale}. Commonly used as the multiplication operator and as the {Kleene star}. (2000-07-26) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
asterix character), or {Asterix the Gaul (http://www.webring.org/cgi-bin/webring?ring=asterixwebring&index)}, the popular French cartoon by Goscinny and Uderzo? (2000-07-26) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Astra Digital Radio | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Astral implemented. ["ASTRAL: A Structured and Unified Approach to Database Design and Manipulation", T. Amble et al, in Proc of the Database Architecture Conf, Venice, June 1979]. (2000-01-27) | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Ashtaroth a city of Bashan, in the kingdom of Og (Deut. 1:4; Josh. 12:4; 13:12; 9:10). It was in the half-tribe of Manasseh (Josh. 13:12), and as a Levitical city was given to the Gershonites (1 Chr. 6:71). Uzzia, one of David's valiant men (1 Chr. 11:44), is named as of this city. It is identified with Tell Ashterah, in the Hauran, and is noticed on monuments B.C. 1700-1500. The name Beesh-terah (Josh. 21:27) is a contraction for Beth-eshterah, i.e., "the house of Ashtaroth." | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Ashteroth Karnaim Ashteroth of the two horns, the abode of the Rephaim (Gen. 14:5). It may be identified with Ashtaroth preceding; called "Karnaim", i.e., the "two-horned" (the crescent moon). The Samaritan version renders the word by "Sunamein," the present es-Sunamein, 28 miles south of Damascus. | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Ashtoreth the moon goddess of the Phoenicians, representing the passive principle in nature, their principal female deity; frequently associated with the name of Baal, the sun-god, their chief male deity (Judg. 10:6; 1 Sam. 7:4; 12:10). These names often occur in the plural (Ashtaroth, Baalim), probably as indicating either different statues or different modifications of the deities. This deity is spoken of as Ashtoreth of the Zidonians. She was the Ishtar of the Accadians and the Astarte of the Greeks (Jer. 44:17; 1 Kings 11:5, 33; 2 Kings 23:13). There was a temple of this goddess among the Philistines in the time of Saul (1 Sam. 31:10). Under the name of Ishtar, she was one of the great deities of the Assyrians. The Phoenicians called her Astarte. Solomon introduced the worship of this idol (1 Kings 11:33). Jezebel's 400 priests were probably employed in its service (1 Kings 18:19). It was called the "queen of heaven" (Jer. 44:25). | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Astrologer (Dan. 1:20; 2:2, 10, 27, etc.) Heb. 'ashshaph', an enchanter, one who professes to divine future events by the appearance of the stars. This science flourished among the Chaldeans. It was positively forbidden to the Jews (Deut. 4:19; 18:10; Isa. 47:13). | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Astronomy The Hebrews were devout students of the wonders of the starry firmanent (Amos 5:8; Ps. 19). In the Book of Job, which is the oldest book of the Bible in all probability, the constellations are distinguished and named. Mention is made of the "morning star" (Rev. 2:28; comp. Isa. 14:12), the "seven stars" and "Pleiades," "Orion," "Arcturus," the "Great Bear" (Amos 5:8; Job 9:9; 38:31), "the crooked serpent," Draco (Job 26:13), the Dioscuri, or Gemini, "Castor and Pollux" (Acts 28:11). The stars were called "the host of heaven" (Isa. 40:26; Jer. 33:22). The oldest divisions of time were mainly based on the observation of the movements of the heavenly bodies, the "ordinances of heaven" (Gen. 1:14-18; Job 38:33; Jer. 31:35; 33:25). Such observations led to the division of the year into months and the mapping out of the appearances of the stars into twelve portions, which received from the Greeks the name of the "zodiac." The word "Mazzaroth" (Job 38:32) means, as the margin notes, "the twelve signs" of the zodiac. Astronomical observations were also necessary among the Jews in order to the fixing of the proper time for sacred ceremonies, the "new moons," the "passover," etc. Many allusions are found to the display of God's wisdom and power as seen in the starry heavens (Ps. 8; 19:1-6; Isa. 51:6, etc.) | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Ashtaroth, Ashtoreth, flocks; sheep; riches | |
From The CIA World Factbook (1995) [world95]: | |
Australia Australia:Geography Location: Oceania, continent between the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean Map references: Oceania Area: total area: 7,686,850 sq km land area: 7,617,930 sq km comparative area: slightly smaller than the US note: includes Macquarie Island Land boundaries: 0 km Coastline: 25,760 km Maritime claims: contiguous zone: 24 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin exclusive economic zone: 200 nm territorial sea: 12 nm International disputes: territorial claim in Antarctica (Australian Antarctic Territory) Climate: generally arid to semiarid; temperate in south and east; tropical in north Terrain: mostly low plateau with deserts; fertile plain in southeast Natural resources: bauxite, coal, iron ore, copper, tin, silver, uranium, nickel, tungsten, mineral sands, lead, zinc, diamonds, natural gas, petroleum Land use: arable land: 6% permanent crops: 0% meadows and pastures: 58% forest and woodland: 14% other: 22% Irrigated land: 18,800 sq km (1989 est.) Environment: current issues: soil erosion from overgrazing, industrial development, urbanization, and poor farming practices; soil salinity rising due to the use of poor quality water; desertification; clearing for agricultural purposes threatens the natural habitat of many unique animal and plant species; the Great Barrier Reef off the northeast coast, the largest coral reef in the world, is threatened by increased shipping and its popularity as a tourist site; limited natural fresh water resources natural hazards: cyclones along the coast; severe droughts international agreements: party to - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling; signed, but not ratified - Desertification Note: world's smallest continent but sixth-largest country; population concentrated along the eastern and southeastern coasts; regular, tropical, invigorating, sea breeze known as "the Doctor" occurs along the west coast in the summer Australia:People Population: 18,322,231 (July 1995 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 22% (female 1,929,366; male 2,032,238) 15-64 years: 67% (female 6,017,362; male 6,181,887) 65 years and over: 11% (female 1,227,004; male 934,374) (July 1995 est.) Population growth rate: 1.31% (1995 est.) Birth rate: 14.13 births/1,000 population (1995 est.) Death rate: 7.37 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.) Net migration rate: 6.33 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.) Infant mortality rate: 7.1 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 77.78 years male: 74.67 years female: 81.04 years (1995 est.) Total fertility rate: 1.82 children born/woman (1995 est.) Nationality: noun: Australian(s) adjective: Australian Ethnic divisions: Caucasian 95%, Asian 4%, aboriginal and other 1% Religions: Anglican 26.1%, Roman Catholic 26%, other Christian 24.3% Languages: English, native languages Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1980 est.) total population: 100% male: 100% female: 100% Labor force: 8.63 million (September 1991) by occupation: finance and services 33.8%, public and community services 22.3%, wholesale and retail trade 20.1%, manufacturing and industry 16.2%, agriculture 6.1% (1987) Australia:Government Names: conventional long form: Commonwealth of Australia conventional short form: Australia Digraph: AS Type: federal parliamentary state Capital: Canberra Administrative divisions: 6 states and 2 territories*; Australian Capital Territory*, New South Wales, Northern Territory*, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia Dependent areas: Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Norfolk Island Independence: 1 January 1901 (federation of UK colonies) National holiday: Australia Day, 26 January (1788) Constitution: 9 July 1900, effective 1 January 1901 Legal system: based on English common law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal and compulsory Executive branch: chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General William George HAYDEN (since 16 February 1989) head of government: Prime Minister Paul John KEATING (since 20 December 1991); Deputy Prime Minister Brian HOWE (since 4 June 1991) cabinet: Cabinet; prime minister selects his cabinet from members of the House and Senate Legislative branch: bicameral Federal Parliament Senate: elections last held 13 March 1993 (next to be held by NA 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (76 total) Liberal-National 36, Labor 30, Australian Democrats 7, Greens 2, independents 1 House of Representatives: elections last held 13 March 1993 (next to be held by NA 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (147 total) Labor 80, Liberal-National 65, independent 2 Judicial branch: High Court Political parties and leaders: government: Australian Labor Party, Paul John KEATING opposition: Liberal Party, John HOWARD; National Party, Timothy FISCHER; Australian Democratic Party, Cheryl KERNOT; Green Party, leader NA Other political or pressure groups: Australian Democratic Labor Party (anti-Communist Labor Party splinter group); Peace and Nuclear Disarmament Action (Nuclear Disarmament Party splinter group) Member of: AfDB, AG (observer), ANZUS, APEC, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, C, CCC, CP, EBRD, ESCAP, FAO, G- 8, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MTCR, NAM (guest), NEA, NSG, OECD, PCA, SPARTECA, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNOSOM, UNTSO, UNU, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, ZC Diplomatic representation in US: chief of mission: Ambassador Donald Eric RUSSELL chancery: 1601 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 797-3000 FAX: [1] (202) 797-3168 consulate(s) general: Atlanta, Honolulu, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, Pago Pago (American Samoa), and San Francisco US diplomatic representation: chief of mission: Ambassador Edward J. PERKINS embassy: Moonah Place, Yarralumla, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2600 mailing address: APO AP 96549 telephone: [61] (6) 270-5000 FAX: [61] (6) 270-5970 consulate(s) general: Melbourne, Perth, and Sydney consulate(s): Brisbane Flag: blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and a large seven-pointed star in the lower hoist-side quadrant; the remaining half is a representation of the Southern Cross constellation in white with one small five-pointed star and four, larger, seven-pointed stars Economy Overview: Australia has a prosperous Western-style capitalist economy, with a per capita GDP comparable to levels in industrialized West European countries. Rich in natural resources, Australia is a major exporter of agricultural products, minerals, metals, and fossil fuels. Primary products account for more than 60% of the value of total exports, so that, as in 1983-84, a downturn in world commodity prices can have a big impact on the economy. The government is pushing for increased exports of manufactured goods, but competition in international markets continues to be severe. Australia has suffered from the low growth and high unemployment characterizing the OECD countries in the early 1990s. In 1992-93 the economy recovered slowly from the prolonged recession of 1990-91, a major restraining factor being weak world demand for Australia's exports. Growth picked up so strongly in 1994 that the government felt the need for fiscal and monetary tightening by yearend. Australia's GDP grew 6.4% in 1994, largely due to increases in industrial output and business investment. A severe drought in 1994 is expected to reduce the value of Australia's net farm production by $825 million in the twelve months through June 1995, but rising world commodity prices are likely to boost rural exports by 7.7% to $14.5 billion in 1995/96, according to government statistics. National product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $374.6 billion (1994 est.) National product real growth rate: 6.4% (1994) National product per capita: $20,720 (1994 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 2.5% (1994) Unemployment rate: 8.9% (December 1994) Budget: revenues: $83.8 billion expenditures: $92.3 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY93/94) Exports: $50.4 billion (1994) commodities: coal, gold, meat, wool, alumina, wheat, machinery and transport equipment partners: Japan 25%, US 11%, South Korea 6%, NZ 5.7%, UK, Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong (1992) Imports: $51.1 billion (1994) commodities: machinery and transport equipment, computers and office machines, crude oil and petroleum products partners: US 23%, Japan 18%, UK 6%, Germany 5.7%, NZ 4% (1992) External debt: $147.2 billion (1994) Industrial production: growth rate 3.9% (FY93/94); accounts for 32% of GDP Electricity: capacity: 34,540,000 kW production: 155 billion kWh consumption per capita: 8,021 kWh (1993) Industries: mining, industrial and transportation equipment, food processing, chemicals, steel Agriculture: accounts for 5% of GDP and over 30% of export revenues; world's largest exporter of beef and wool, second-largest for mutton, and among top wheat exporters; major crops - wheat, barley, sugarcane, fruit; livestock - cattle, sheep, poultry Illicit drugs: Tasmania is one of the world's major suppliers of licit opiate products; government maintains strict controls over areas of opium poppy cultivation and output of poppy straw concentrate Economic aid: donor: ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $10.4 billion Currency: 1 Australian dollar ($A) = 100 cents Exchange rates: Australian dollars ($A) per US$1 - 1.3058 (January 1995), 1.3667 (1994), 1.4704 (1993), 1.3600 (1992), 1.2835 (1991), 1.2799 (1990) Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June Australia:Transportation Railroads: total: 40,478 km (1,130 km electrified; 183 km dual gauge) broad gauge: 7,970 km 1.600-m gauge standard gauge: 16,201 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 16,307 km 1.067-m gauge Highways: total: 837,872 km paved: 243,750 km unpaved: gravel, crushed stone, stabilized earth 228,396 km; unimproved earth 365,726 km Inland waterways: 8,368 km; mainly by small, shallow-draft craft Pipelines: crude oil 2,500 km; petroleum products 500 km; natural gas 5,600 km Ports: Adelaide, Brisbane, Cairns, Darwin, Devonport, Fremantle, Geelong, Hobart (Tasmania), Launceton (Tasmania), Mackay, Melbourne, Sydney, Townsville Merchant marine: total: 81 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,620,536 GRT/3,801,970 DWT ships by type: bulk 30, cargo 7, chemical tanker 3, combination bulk 2, container 7, liquefied gas tanker 6, oil tanker 18, roll-on/roll-off cargo 7, short-sea passenger 1 Airports: total: 480 with paved runways over 3,047 m: 9 with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 15 with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 128 with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 125 with paved runways under 914 m: 31 with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m: 23 with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 149 Australia:Communications Telephone system: 8,700,000 telephones; good international and domestic service local: NA intercity: domestic satellite service international: submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia; 10 INTELSAT (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean) earth stations Radio: broadcast stations: AM 258, FM 67, shortwave 0 radios: NA Television: broadcast stations: 134 televisions: NA Australia:Defense Forces Branches: Australian Army, Royal Australian Navy, Royal Australian Air Force Manpower availability: males age 15-49 4,934,175; males fit for military service 4,274,900; males reach military age (17) annually 131,852 (1995 est.) Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $7.2 billion, 2.2% of GDP (FY94/95) | |
From The CIA World Factbook (1995) [world95]: | |
Austria Austria:Geography Location: Central Europe, north of Italy Map references: Europe Area: total area: 83,850 sq km land area: 82,730 sq km comparative area: slightly smaller than Maine Land boundaries: total 2,496 km, Czech Republic 362 km, Germany 784 km, Hungary 366 km, Italy 430 km, Liechtenstein 37 km, Slovakia 91 km, Slovenia 262 km, Switzerland 164 km Coastline: 0 km (landlocked) Maritime claims: none; landlocked International disputes: none Climate: temperate; continental, cloudy; cold winters with frequent rain in lowlands and snow in mountains; cool summers with occasional showers Terrain: in the west and south mostly mountains (Alps); along the eastern and northern margins mostly flat or gently sloping Natural resources: iron ore, petroleum, timber, magnesite, aluminum, lead, coal, lignite, copper, hydropower Land use: arable land: 17% permanent crops: 1% meadows and pastures: 24% forest and woodland: 39% other: 19% Irrigated land: 40 sq km (1989) Environment: current issues: some forest degradation caused by air and soil pollution; soil pollution results from the use of agricultural chemicals; air pollution results from emissions by coal- and oil-fired power stations and industrial plants and from trucks transiting Austria between northern and southern Europe natural hazards: NA international agreements: party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands; signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulpher 94, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Law of the Sea, Whaling Note: landlocked; strategic location at the crossroads of central Europe with many easily traversable Alpine passes and valleys; major river is the Danube; population is concentrated on eastern lowlands because of steep slopes, poor soils, and low temperatures elsewhere Austria:People Population: 7,986,664 (July 1995 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 17% (female 681,087; male 711,127) 15-64 years: 67% (female 2,672,554; male 2,677,100) 65 years and over: 16% (female 791,762; male 453,034) (July 1995 est.) Population growth rate: 0.35% (1995 est.) Birth rate: 11.21 births/1,000 population (1995 est.) Death rate: 10.27 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.) Net migration rate: 2.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.) Infant mortality rate: 6.9 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 76.9 years male: 73.7 years female: 80.27 years (1995 est.) Total fertility rate: 1.48 children born/woman (1995 est.) Nationality: noun: Austrian(s) adjective: Austrian Ethnic divisions: German 99.4%, Croatian 0.3%, Slovene 0.2%, other 0.1% Religions: Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant 6%, other 9% Languages: German Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1974 est.) total population: 99% Labor force: 3.47 million (1989) by occupation: services 56.4%, industry and crafts 35.4%, agriculture and forestry 8.1% note: an estimated 200,000 Austrians are employed in other European countries; foreign laborers in Austria number 177,840, about 5% of labor force (1988) Austria:Government Names: conventional long form: Republic of Austria conventional short form: Austria local long form: Republik Oesterreich local short form: Oesterreich Digraph: AU Type: federal republic Capital: Vienna Administrative divisions: 9 states (bundeslaender, singular - bundesland); Burgenland, Kaernten, Niederoesterreich, Oberoesterreich, Salzburg, Steiermark, Tirol, Vorarlberg, Wien Independence: 12 November 1918 (from Austro-Hungarian Empire) National holiday: National Day, 26 October (1955) Constitution: 1920; revised 1929 (reinstated 1 May 1945) Legal system: civil law system with Roman law origin; judicial review of legislative acts by a Constitutional Court; separate administrative and civil/penal supreme courts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal; compulsory for presidential elections Executive branch: chief of state: President Thomas KLESTIL (since 8 July 1992); election last held 24 May 1992 (next to be held 1996); results of second ballot - Thomas KLESTIL 57%, Rudolf STREICHER 43% head of government: Chancellor Franz VRANITZKY (since 16 June 1986); Vice Chancellor Erhard BUSEK (since 2 July 1991) cabinet: Council of Ministers; chosen by the president on the advice of the chancellor Legislative branch: bicameral Federal Assembly (Bundesversammlung) Federal Council (Bundesrat): consists of 63 members representing each of the provinces on the basis of population, but with each province having at least 3 representatives National Council (Nationalrat): elections last held 9 October 1994 (next to be held October 1998); results - SPOE 34.9%, OEVP 27.7%, FPOE 22.5%, Greens 7.3%, LF 6.0% other 1.6%; seats - (183 total) SPOE 65, OEVP 52, FPOE 42, Greens 13, LF 11 Judicial branch: Supreme Judicial Court (Oberster Gerichtshof) for civil and criminal cases, Administrative Court (Verwaltungsgerichtshof) for bureaucratic cases, Constitutional Court (Verfassungsgerichtshof) for constitutional cases Political parties and leaders: Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPOE), Franz VRANITZKY, chairman; Austrian People's Party (OEVP), Erhard BUSEK, chairman; Freedom Movement (F) (was the Freedom Party of Austria, FPOE), Joerg HAIDER, chairman; Communist Party (KPOE), Walter SILBERMAYER, chairman; The Greens, Madeleine PETROVIC; Liberal Forum (LF), Heide SCHMIDT Other political or pressure groups: Federal Chamber of Commerce and Industry; Austrian Trade Union Federation (primarily Socialist); three composite leagues of the Austrian People's Party (OEVP) representing business, labor, and farmers; OEVP-oriented League of Austrian Industrialists; Roman Catholic Church, including its chief lay organization, Catholic Action Member of: AfDB, AG (observer), AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, CCC, CE, CEI, CERN, EBRD, ECE, EFTA, ESA, EU, FAO, G- 9, GATT, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MTCR, NAM (guest), NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, ONUSAL, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNAMIR, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMIH, UNOMIL, UNOMOZ, UNTSO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC Diplomatic representation in US: chief of mission: Ambassador Helmut TUERK chancery: 3524 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008-3035 telephone: [1] (202) 895-6700 FAX: [1] (202) 895-6750 consulate(s) general: Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York US diplomatic representation: chief of mission: Ambassador Swanee G. HUNT chancery: Boltzmanngasse 16, A-1091, Vienna mailing address: use embassy street address telephone: [43] (1) 313-39 FAX: [43] (1) 310-0682 consulate(s) general: none (Salzburg closed September 1993) Flag: three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and red Economy Overview: Austria boasts a prosperous and stable market economy with a sizable but falling proportion of nationalized industry and with extensive welfare benefits. Thanks to its raw material endowment, a technically skilled labor force, and strong links to German industrial firms, Austria occupies specialized niches in European industry and services (tourism, banking) and produces almost enough food to feed itself with only 8% of the labor force in agriculture. After 11 consecutive years of growth, the Austrian economy experienced a mild recession in 1993, but growth resumed in 1994. Unemployment is 4.3% and will likely stay at that level as companies adjust to the competition of EU membership beginning 1 January 1995. To prepare for EU membership, Austria's government has taken measures to open the economy by introducing a major tax reform, privatizing state-owned firms, and liberalizing cross-border capital movements. Problems for the 1990s include an aging population, the high level of industrial subsidies, and the struggle to keep welfare benefits within budgetary capabilities - the deficit climbed to over 4% of GDP in 1994. National product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $139.3 billion (1994 est.) National product real growth rate: 2.5% (1994 est.) National product per capita: $17,500 (1994 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 3% (1994) Unemployment rate: 4.3% (1994 est.) Budget: revenues: $52.2 billion expenditures: $60.3 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1993 est.) Exports: $44.1 billion (1994 est.) commodities: machinery and equipment, iron and steel, lumber, textiles, paper products, chemicals partners: EC 63.5% (Germany 38.9%), EFTA 9.0%, Eastern Europe/FSU 12.3%, Japan 1.5%, US 3.4% (1993) Imports: $53.8 billion (1994 est.) commodities: petroleum, foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, vehicles, chemicals, textiles and clothing, pharmaceuticals partners: EC 66.8% (Germany 41.3%), EFTA 6.7%, Eastern Europe/FSU 7.5%, Japan 4.4%, US 4.4% (1993) External debt: $21.5 billion (1994 est.) Industrial production: growth rate 2.5% (1994 est.) Electricity: capacity: 17,230,000 kW production: 50.2 billion kWh consumption per capita: 5,824 kWh (1993) Industries: foods, iron and steel, machines, textiles, chemicals, electrical, paper and pulp, tourism, mining, motor vehicles Agriculture: accounts for 3.2% of GDP (including forestry); principal crops and animals - grains, fruit, potatoes, sugar beets, sawn wood, cattle, pigs, poultry; 80%-90% self-sufficient in food Illicit drugs: transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin transiting the Balkan route and Eastern Europe Economic aid: donor: ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $2.4 billion Currency: 1 Austrian schilling (S) = 100 groschen Exchange rates: Austrian schillings (S) per US$1 - 10.774 (January 1995), 11.422 (1994), 11.632 (1993), 10.989 (1992), 11.676 (1991), 11.370 (1990) Fiscal year: calendar year Austria:Transportation Railroads: total: 5,624 km standard gauge: 5,269 km 1.435-m gauge (3,162 km electrified) narrow gauge: 355 km 1.000-m and 0.760-m gauge (84 km electrified) (1994) Highways: total: 110,000 km paved: 35,000 km (including 1,554 km of autobahn) unpaved: mostly gravel and earth 75,000 km (1992) Inland waterways: 446 km Pipelines: crude oil 554 km; petroleum products 171 km; natural gas 2,611 km Ports: Linz, Vienna Merchant marine: total: 32 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 152,885 GRT/235,719 DWT ships by type: bulk 3, cargo 25, oil tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1 Airports: total: 55 with paved runways over 3,047 m: 1 with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 5 with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 3 with paved runways under 914 m: 41 with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 4 Austria:Communications Telephone system: 4,014,000 telephones; highly developed and efficient local: NA intercity: NA international: 2 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), and EUTELSAT earth stations Radio: broadcast stations: AM 6, FM 21 (repeaters 545), shortwave 0 radios: NA Television: broadcast stations: 47 (repeaters 870) televisions: NA Austria:Defense Forces Branches: Army (includes Flying Division) Manpower availability: males age 15-49 2,026,567; males fit for military service 1,695,879; males reach military age (19) annually 46,821 (1995 est.) Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - about $1.8 billion, 0.9% of GDP (1994) |