English Dictionary: Jesuitry | by the DICT Development Group |
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: | |
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From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Jack \Jack\, n. [F. Jacques James, L. Jacobus, Gr. [?], Heb. Ya 'aq[omac]b Jacob; prop., seizing by the heel; hence, a supplanter. Cf. {Jacobite}, {Jockey}.] 1. A familiar nickname of, or substitute for, John. You are John Rugby, and you are Jack Rugby. --Shak. 2. An impertinent or silly fellow; a simpleton; a boor; a clown; also, a servant; a rustic. [bd]Jack fool.[b8] --Chaucer. Since every Jack became a gentleman, There 's many a gentle person made a Jack. --Shak. 3. A popular colloquial name for a sailor; -- called also {Jack tar}, and {Jack afloat}. 4. A mechanical contrivance, an auxiliary machine, or a subordinate part of a machine, rendering convenient service, and often supplying the place of a boy or attendant who was commonly called Jack; as: (a) A device to pull off boots. (b) A sawhorse or sawbuck. (c) A machine or contrivance for turning a spit; a smoke jack, or kitchen jack. (b) (Mining) A wooden wedge for separating rocks rent by blasting. (e) (Knitting Machine) A lever for depressing the sinkers which push the loops down on the needles. (f) (Warping Machine) A grating to separate and guide the threads; a heck box. (g) (Spinning) A machine for twisting the sliver as it leaves the carding machine. (h) A compact, portable machine for planing metal. (i) A machine for slicking or pebbling leather. (k) A system of gearing driven by a horse power, for multiplying speed. (l) A hood or other device placed over a chimney or vent pipe, to prevent a back draught. (m) In the harpsichord, an intermediate piece communicating the action of the key to the quill; -- called also {hopper}. (n) In hunting, the pan or frame holding the fuel of the torch used to attract game at night; also, the light itself. --C. Hallock. 5. A portable machine variously constructed, for exerting great pressure, or lifting or moving a heavy body through a small distance. It consists of a lever, screw, rack and pinion, hydraulic press, or any simple combination of mechanical powers, working in a compact pedestal or support and operated by a lever, crank, capstan bar, etc. The name is often given to a jackscrew, which is a kind of jack. 6. The small bowl used as a mark in the game of bowls. --Shak. Like an uninstructed bowler who thinks to attain the jack by delivering his bowl straight forward upon it. --Sir W. Scott. 7. The male of certain animals, as of the ass. 8. (Zo[94]l.) (a) A young pike; a pickerel. (b) The jurel. (c) A large, California rock fish ({Sebastodes paucispinus}); -- called also {boccaccio}, and {m[82]rou}. (d) The wall-eyed pike. 9. A drinking measure holding half a pint; also, one holding a quarter of a pint. [Prov. Eng.] --Halliwell. 10. (Naut.) (a) A flag, containing only the union, without the fly, usually hoisted on a jack staff at the bowsprit cap; -- called also {union jack}. The American jack is a small blue flag, with a star for each State. (b) A bar of iron athwart ships at a topgallant masthead, to support a royal mast, and give spread to the royal shrouds; -- called also {jack crosstree}. --R. H. Dana, Jr. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
{Jack rabbit} (Zo[94]l.), any one of several species of large American hares, having very large ears and long legs. The California species ({Lepus Californicus}), and that of Texas and New Mexico ({L. callotis}), have the tail black above, and the ears black at the tip. They do not become white in winter. The more northern prairie hare ({L. campestris}) has the upper side of the tail white, and in winter its fur becomes nearly white. {Jack rafter} (Arch.), in England, one of the shorter rafters used in constructing a hip or valley roof; in the United States, any secondary roof timber, as the common rafters resting on purlins in a trussed roof; also, one of the pieces simulating extended rafters, used under the eaves in some styles of building. {Jack salmon} (Zo[94]l.), the wall-eyed pike, or glasseye. {Jack sauce}, an impudent fellow. [Colloq. & Obs.] {Jack shaft} (Mach.), the first intermediate shaft, in a factory or mill, which receives power, through belts or gearing, from a prime mover, and transmits it, by the same means, to other intermediate shafts or to a line shaft. {Jack sinker} (Knitting Mach.), a thin iron plate operated by the jack to depress the loop of thread between two needles. {Jack snipe}. (Zo[94]l.) See in the Vocabulary. {Jack staff} (Naut.), a staff fixed on the bowsprit cap, upon which the jack is hoisted. {Jack timber} (Arch.), any timber, as a rafter, rib, or studding, which, being intercepted, is shorter than the others. {Jack towel}, a towel hung on a roller for common use. {Jack truss} (Arch.), in a hip roof, a minor truss used where the roof has not its full section. {Jack tree}. (Bot.) See 1st {Jack}, n. {Jack yard} (Naut.), a short spar to extend a topsail beyond the gaff. {Blue jack}, blue vitriol; sulphate of copper. {Hydraulic jack}, a jack used for lifting, pulling, or forcing, consisting of a compact portable hydrostatic press, with its pump and a reservoir containing a supply of liquid, as oil. {Jack-at-a-pinch}. (a) One called upon to take the place of another in an emergency. (b) An itinerant parson who conducts an occasional service for a fee. {Jack-at-all-trades}, one who can turn his hand to any kind of work. {Jack-by-the-hedge} (Bot.), a plant of the genus {Erysimum} ({E. alliaria}, or {Alliaria officinalis}), which grows under hedges. It bears a white flower and has a taste not unlike garlic. Called also, in England, {sauce-alone}. --Eng. Cyc. {Jack-in-a-box}. (a) (Bot.) A tropical tree ({Hernandia sonora}), which bears a drupe that rattles when dry in the inflated calyx. (b) A child's toy, consisting of a box, out of which, when the lid is raised, a figure springs. (c) (Mech.) An epicyclic train of bevel gears for transmitting rotary motion to two parts in such a manner that their relative rotation may be variable; applied to driving the wheels of tricycles, road locomotives, and to cotton machinery, etc.; an equation box; a jack frame; -- called also {compensating gearing}. (d) A large wooden screw turning in a nut attached to the crosspiece of a rude press. {Jack-in-office}, an insolent fellow in authority. --Wolcott. {Jack-in-the-bush} (Bot.), a tropical shrub with red fruit ({Cordia Cylindrostachya}). {Jack-in-the-green}, a chimney sweep inclosed in a framework of boughs, carried in Mayday processions. {Jack-in-the-pulpit} (Bot.), the American plant {Aris[91]ma triphyllum}, or Indian turnip, in which the upright spadix is inclosed. {Jack-of-the-buttery} (Bot.), the stonecrop ({Sedum acre}). {Jack-of-the-clock}, a figure, usually of a man, on old clocks, which struck the time on the bell. {Jack-on-both-sides}, one who is or tries to be neutral. {Jack-out-of-office}, one who has been in office and is turned out. --Shak. {Jack the Giant Killer}, the hero of a well-known nursery story. {Jack-with-a-lantern}, {Jack-o'-lantern}. (a) An ignis fatuus; a will-o'-the-wisp. [bd][Newspaper speculations] supplying so many more jack-o'-lanterns to the future historian.[b8] --Lowell. (b) A lantern made of a pumpkin so prepared as to show in illumination the features of a human face, etc. {Yellow Jack} (Naut.), the yellow fever; also, the quarantine flag. See {Yellow flag}, under {Flag}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
{Jack rabbit} (Zo[94]l.), any one of several species of large American hares, having very large ears and long legs. The California species ({Lepus Californicus}), and that of Texas and New Mexico ({L. callotis}), have the tail black above, and the ears black at the tip. They do not become white in winter. The more northern prairie hare ({L. campestris}) has the upper side of the tail white, and in winter its fur becomes nearly white. {Jack rafter} (Arch.), in England, one of the shorter rafters used in constructing a hip or valley roof; in the United States, any secondary roof timber, as the common rafters resting on purlins in a trussed roof; also, one of the pieces simulating extended rafters, used under the eaves in some styles of building. {Jack salmon} (Zo[94]l.), the wall-eyed pike, or glasseye. {Jack sauce}, an impudent fellow. [Colloq. & Obs.] {Jack shaft} (Mach.), the first intermediate shaft, in a factory or mill, which receives power, through belts or gearing, from a prime mover, and transmits it, by the same means, to other intermediate shafts or to a line shaft. {Jack sinker} (Knitting Mach.), a thin iron plate operated by the jack to depress the loop of thread between two needles. {Jack snipe}. (Zo[94]l.) See in the Vocabulary. {Jack staff} (Naut.), a staff fixed on the bowsprit cap, upon which the jack is hoisted. {Jack timber} (Arch.), any timber, as a rafter, rib, or studding, which, being intercepted, is shorter than the others. {Jack towel}, a towel hung on a roller for common use. {Jack truss} (Arch.), in a hip roof, a minor truss used where the roof has not its full section. {Jack tree}. (Bot.) See 1st {Jack}, n. {Jack yard} (Naut.), a short spar to extend a topsail beyond the gaff. {Blue jack}, blue vitriol; sulphate of copper. {Hydraulic jack}, a jack used for lifting, pulling, or forcing, consisting of a compact portable hydrostatic press, with its pump and a reservoir containing a supply of liquid, as oil. {Jack-at-a-pinch}. (a) One called upon to take the place of another in an emergency. (b) An itinerant parson who conducts an occasional service for a fee. {Jack-at-all-trades}, one who can turn his hand to any kind of work. {Jack-by-the-hedge} (Bot.), a plant of the genus {Erysimum} ({E. alliaria}, or {Alliaria officinalis}), which grows under hedges. It bears a white flower and has a taste not unlike garlic. Called also, in England, {sauce-alone}. --Eng. Cyc. {Jack-in-a-box}. (a) (Bot.) A tropical tree ({Hernandia sonora}), which bears a drupe that rattles when dry in the inflated calyx. (b) A child's toy, consisting of a box, out of which, when the lid is raised, a figure springs. (c) (Mech.) An epicyclic train of bevel gears for transmitting rotary motion to two parts in such a manner that their relative rotation may be variable; applied to driving the wheels of tricycles, road locomotives, and to cotton machinery, etc.; an equation box; a jack frame; -- called also {compensating gearing}. (d) A large wooden screw turning in a nut attached to the crosspiece of a rude press. {Jack-in-office}, an insolent fellow in authority. --Wolcott. {Jack-in-the-bush} (Bot.), a tropical shrub with red fruit ({Cordia Cylindrostachya}). {Jack-in-the-green}, a chimney sweep inclosed in a framework of boughs, carried in Mayday processions. {Jack-in-the-pulpit} (Bot.), the American plant {Aris[91]ma triphyllum}, or Indian turnip, in which the upright spadix is inclosed. {Jack-of-the-buttery} (Bot.), the stonecrop ({Sedum acre}). {Jack-of-the-clock}, a figure, usually of a man, on old clocks, which struck the time on the bell. {Jack-on-both-sides}, one who is or tries to be neutral. {Jack-out-of-office}, one who has been in office and is turned out. --Shak. {Jack the Giant Killer}, the hero of a well-known nursery story. {Jack-with-a-lantern}, {Jack-o'-lantern}. (a) An ignis fatuus; a will-o'-the-wisp. [bd][Newspaper speculations] supplying so many more jack-o'-lanterns to the future historian.[b8] --Lowell. (b) A lantern made of a pumpkin so prepared as to show in illumination the features of a human face, etc. {Yellow Jack} (Naut.), the yellow fever; also, the quarantine flag. See {Yellow flag}, under {Flag}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Jackstraw \Jack"straw`\, n. 1. An effigy stuffed with straw; a scarecrow; hence, a man without property or influence. --Milton. 2. One of a set of straws of strips of ivory, bone, wood, etc., for playing a child's game, the jackstraws being thrown confusedly together on a table, to be gathered up singly by a hooked instrument, without touching or disturbing the rest of the pile. See {Spilikin}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Jester \Jest"er\, n. [Cf. {Gestour}.] 1. A buffoon; a merry-andrew; a court fool. This . . . was Yorick's skull, the king's jester. --Shak. Dressed in the motley garb that jesters wear. --Longfellow. 2. A person addicted to jesting, or to indulgence in light and amusing talk. He ambled up and down With shallow jesters. --Shak. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Jesuitry \Jes"u*it*ry\, n. Jesuitism; subtle argument. [R.] --Carlyle. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Jew's-harp \Jew's-harp`\, n. [Jew + harp; or possibly a corrupt. of jaw's harp; cf. G. maultrommel, lit., mouthdrum.] 1. An instrument of music, which, when placed between the teeth, gives, by means of a bent metal tongue struck by the finger, a sound which is modulated by the breath; -- called also {Jew's-trump}. 2. (Naut.) The shackle for joining a chain cable to an anchor. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Jig \Jig\, n. [OF. gigue a stringed instrument, a kind of dance, F. gigue dance, tune, gig; of German origin; cf. MHG. g[c6]ge fiddle, G. geige. Cf. {Gig} a fiddle, {Gig} a whirligig.] 1. (Mus.) A light, brisk musical movement. Hot and hasty, like a Scotch jib. -- Shak. 3. A light, humorous piece of writing, esp. in rhyme; a farce in verse; a ballad. [Obs.] A jig shall be clapped at, and every rhyme Praised and applauded. --Beau. & Fl. 4. A piece of sport; a trick; a prank. [Obs.] Is't not a fine jig, A precious cunning, in the late Protector? -- Beau & Fl. 5. A trolling bait, consisting of a bright spoon and a hook attached. 6. (Mach.) (a) A small machine or handy tool; esp.: (Metal Working) A contrivance fastened to or inclosing a piece of work, and having hard steel surfaces to guide a tool, as a drill, or to form a shield or templet to work to, as in filing. (b) (Mining) An apparatus or a machine for jigging ore. {Drill jig}, a jig for guiding a drill. See {Jig}, 6 (a) . {Jig drilling}, {Jig filing} (Metal Working), a process of drilling or filing in which the action of the tool is directed or limited by a jig. {Jig saw}, a sawing machine with a narrow, vertically reciprocating saw, used to cut curved and irregular lines, or ornamental patterns in openwork, a scroll saw; -- called also {gig saw}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Jog \Jog\, n. 1. A slight shake; a shake or push intended to give notice or awaken attention; a push; a jolt. To give them by turns an invisible jog. --Swift. 2. A rub; a slight stop; an obstruction; hence, an irregularity in motion of from; a hitch; a break in the direction of a line or the surface of a plane. --Glanvill. {Jog trot}, a slow, regular, jolting gait; hence, a routine habit or method, persistently adhered to. --T. Hook. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Jouster \Joust"er\, n. One who jousts or tilts. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Jowter \Jow"ter\, n. A mounted peddler of fish; -- called also {jouster}. [Obs.] --Carew. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Jouster \Joust"er\, n. One who jousts or tilts. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Jowter \Jow"ter\, n. A mounted peddler of fish; -- called also {jouster}. [Obs.] --Carew. | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Joshua Tree, CA (CDP, FIPS 37554) Location: 34.12695 N, 116.31776 W Population (1990): 3898 (1975 housing units) Area: 15.9 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 92252 | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Jaz Drive removable one or two {gigabyte} disk cartridges which contain conventional {hard disks}. Internal and external drives are available claiming an average transfer rate of 330 {megabytes} per minute - though that is dependant on the {SCSI} adapter, the parallel port adapter is unlikely to reach anything like this speed. The Jaz drive was the successor to the company's more establistablished {Zip Drive}. (1998-08-28) |