English Dictionary: Brno | by the DICT Development Group |
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From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bairam \Bai*ram"\, n. [Turk. ba[8b]r[be]m.] Either of two Mohammedan festivals, of which one (the {Lesser Bairam}) is held at the close of the fast called Ramadan, and the other (the {Greater Bairam}) seventy days after the fast. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bairn \Bairn\, n. [Scot. bairn, AS. bearn, fr. beran to bear; akin to Icel., OS., &Goth. barn. See {Bear} to support.] A child. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.] Has he not well provided for the bairn ! --Beau. & Fl. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Barium \Ba"ri*um\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. bary`s heavy.] (Chem.) One of the elements, belonging to the alkaline earth group; a metal having a silver-white color, and melting at a very high temperature. It is difficult to obtain the pure metal, from the facility with which it becomes oxidized in the air. Atomic weight, 137. Symbol, Ba. Its oxide called baryta. [Rarely written {barytum}.] Note: Some of the compounds of this element are remarkable for their high specific gravity, as the sulphate, called heavy spar, and the like. The oxide was called barote, by Guyton de Morveau, which name was changed by Lavoisier to baryta, whence the name of the metal. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Barm \Barm\, n. [OE. berme, AS. beorma; akin to Sw. b[84]rma, G. b[84]rme, and prob. L. fermenium. [fb]93.] Foam rising upon beer, or other malt liquors, when fermenting, and used as leaven in making bread and in brewing; yeast. --Shak. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Barm \Barm\, n. [OE. bearm, berm, barm, AS. beorma; akin to E. bear to support.] The lap or bosom. [Obs.] --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Barn \Barn\, n. A child. [Obs.] See {Bairn}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Barn \Barn\, n. [OE. bern, AS. berern, bern; bere barley + ern, [91]rn, a close place. [?]92. See {Barley}.] A covered building used chiefly for storing grain, hay, and other productions of a farm. In the United States a part of the barn is often used for stables. {Barn owl} (Zo[94]l.), an owl of Europe and America ({Aluco flammeus}, or {Strix flammea}), which frequents barns and other buildings. {Barn swallow} (Zo[94]l.), the common American swallow ({Hirundo horreorum}), which attaches its nest of mud to the beams and rafters of barns. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Barn \Barn\, v. t. To lay up in a barn. [Obs.] --Shak. Men . . . often barn up the chaff, and burn up the grain. --Fuller. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Baron \Bar"on\, n. [OE. baron, barun, OF. baron, accus. of ber, F. baron, prob. fr. OHG. baro (not found) bearer, akin to E. bear to support; cf. O. Frisian bere, LL. baro, It. barone, Sp. varon. From the meaning bearer (of burdens) seem to have come the senses strong man, man (in distinction from woman), which is the oldest meaning in French, and lastly, nobleman. Cf. L. baro, simpleton. See {Bear} to support.] 1. A title or degree of nobility; originally, the possessor of a fief, who had feudal tenants under him; in modern times, in France and Germany, a nobleman next in rank below a count; in England, a nobleman of the lowest grade in the House of Lords, being next below a viscount. Note: [bd]The tenants in chief from the Crown, who held lands of the annual value of four hundred pounds, were styled Barons; and it is to them, and not to the members of the lowest grade of the nobility (to whom the title at the present time belongs), that reference is made when we read of the Barons of the early days of England's history . . . . Barons are addressed as 'My Lord,' and are styled 'Right Honorable.' All their sons and daughters 'Honorable.'[b8] --Cussans. 2. (Old Law) A husband; as, baron and feme, husband and wife. [R.] --Cowell. {Baron of beef}, two sirloins not cut asunder at the backbone. {Barons of the Cinque Ports}, formerly members of the House of Commons, elected by the seven Cinque Ports, two for each port. {Baron of the exchequer}, the judges of the Court of Exchequer, one of the three ancient courts of England, now abolished. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Barony \Bar"o*ny\, n.; pl. {Baronies}. [OF. baronie, F. baronnie, LL. baronia. See {Baron}.] 1. The fee or domain of a baron; the lordship, dignity, or rank of a baron. 2. In Ireland, a territorial division, corresponding nearly to the English hundred, and supposed to have been originally the district of a native chief. There are 252 of these baronies. In Scotland, an extensive freehold. It may be held by a commoner. --Brande & C. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Barren \Bar"ren\, a. [OE. barein, OF. brehaing, fem. brehaigne, baraigne, F. br[82]haigne; of uncertain origin; cf. Arm. br[82]kha[ntil], markha[ntil], sterile; LL. brana a sterile mare, principally in Aquitanian and Spanish documents; Bisc. barau, baru, fasting.] 1. Incapable of producing offspring; producing no young; sterile; -- said of women and female animals. She was barren of children. --Bp. Hall. 2. Not producing vegetation, or useful vegetation; [?]rile. [bd]Barren mountain tracts.[b8] --Macaulay. 3. Unproductive; fruitless; unprofitable; empty. Brilliant but barren reveries. --Prescott. Some schemes will appear barren of hints and matter. --Swift. 4. Mentally dull; stupid. --Shak. {Barren flower}, a flower which has only stamens without a pistil, or which as neither stamens nor pistils. {Barren Grounds} (Geog.), a vast tract in British America northward of the forest regions. {Barren Ground bear} (Zo[94]l.), a peculiar bear, inhabiting the Barren Grounds, now believed to be a variety of the brown bear of Europe. {Barren Ground caribou} (Zo[94]l.), a small reindeer ({Rangifer Gr[d2]nlandicus}) peculiar to the Barren Grounds and Greenland. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Barren \Bar"ren\, n. 1. A tract of barren land. 2. pl. Elevated lands or plains on which grow small trees, but not timber; as, pine barrens; oak barrens. They are not necessarily sterile, and are often fertile. [Amer.] --J. Pickering. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Barroom \Bar"room`\, n. A room containing a bar or counter at which liquors are sold. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bay rum \Bay" rum"\ A fragrant liquid, used for cosmetic and medicinal purposes. Note: The original bay rum, from the West Indies, is prepared, it is believed, by distillation from the leaves of the bayberry ({Myrcia acris}). The bay rum of the Pharmacop[d2]ia (spirit of myrcia) is prepared from oil of myrcia (bayberry), oil of orange peel, oil of pimento, alcohol, and water. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bay yarn \Bay" yarn`\ Woolen yarn. [Prov. Eng.] --Wright. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bearn \Bearn\, n. See {Bairn}. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Berain \Be*rain\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Berained}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Beraining}.] To rain upon; to wet with rain. [Obs.] --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Berhyme \Be*rhyme"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Berhymed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Berhyming}.] To mention in rhyme or verse; to rhyme about. Note: [Sometimes use depreciatively.] --Shak. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Berime \Be*rime"\, v. t. To berhyme. Note: [The earlier and etymologically preferable spelling.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Berm \Berm\ Berme \Berme\, n. [F. berme, of German origin; cf. G. brame, br[84]me, border, akin to E. brim.] 1. (Fort.) A narrow shelf or path between the bottom of a parapet and the ditch. 2. (Engineering) A ledge at the bottom of a bank or cutting, to catch earth that may roll down the slope, or to strengthen the bank. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Berm \Berm\ Berme \Berme\, n. [F. berme, of German origin; cf. G. brame, br[84]me, border, akin to E. brim.] 1. (Fort.) A narrow shelf or path between the bottom of a parapet and the ditch. 2. (Engineering) A ledge at the bottom of a bank or cutting, to catch earth that may roll down the slope, or to strengthen the bank. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bireme \Bi"reme\, n. [L. biremis; bis twice + remus oar: cf. F. bir[8a]me.] An ancient galley or vessel with two banks or tiers of oars. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bear \Bear\ (b[acir]r), v. t. [imp. {Bore} (b[omac]r) (formerly {Bare} (b[acir]r)); p. p. {Born} (b[ocir]rn), {Borne} (b[omac]r); p. pr. & vb. n. {Bearing}.] [OE. beren, AS. beran, beoran, to bear, carry, produce; akin to D. baren to bring forth, G. geb[84]ren, Goth. ba[a1]ran to bear or carry, Icel. bera, Sw. b[84]ra, Dan. b[91]re, OHG. beran, peran, L. ferre to bear, carry, produce, Gr. fe`rein, OSlav brati to take, carry, OIr. berim I bear, Skr. bh[rsdot] to bear. [root]92. Cf. {Fertile}.] 1. To support or sustain; to hold up. 2. To support and remove or carry; to convey. I 'll bear your logs the while. --Shak. 3. To conduct; to bring; -- said of persons. [Obs.] Bear them to my house. --Shak. 4. To possess and use, as power; to exercise. Every man should bear rule in his own house. --Esther i. 22. 5. To sustain; to have on (written or inscribed, or as a mark), as, the tablet bears this inscription. 6. To possess or carry, as a mark of authority or distinction; to wear; as, to bear a sword, badge, or name. 7. To possess mentally; to carry or hold in the mind; to entertain; to harbor --Dryden. The ancient grudge I bear him. --Shak. 8. To endure; to tolerate; to undergo; to suffer. Should such a man, too fond to rule alone, Bear, like the Turk, no brother near the throne. --Pope. I cannot bear The murmur of this lake to hear. --Shelley. My punishment is greater than I can bear. --Gen. iv. 13. 9. To gain or win. [Obs.] Some think to bear it by speaking a great word. --Bacon. She was . . . found not guilty, through bearing of friends and bribing of the judge. --Latimer. 10. To sustain, or be answerable for, as blame, expense, responsibility, etc. He shall bear their iniquities. --Is. liii. 11. Somewhat that will bear your charges. --Dryden. 11. To render or give; to bring forward. [bd]Your testimony bear[b8] --Dryden. 12. To carry on, or maintain; to have. [bd]The credit of bearing a part in the conversation.[b8] --Locke. 13. To admit or be capable of; that is, to suffer or sustain without violence, injury, or change. In all criminal cases the most favorable interpretation should be put on words that they can possibly bear. --Swift. 14. To manage, wield, or direct. [bd]Thus must thou thy body bear.[b8] --Shak. Hence: To behave; to conduct. Hath he borne himself penitently in prison ? --Shak. 15. To afford; to be to; to supply with. His faithful dog shall bear him company. --Pope. 16. To bring forth or produce; to yield; as, to bear apples; to bear children; to bear interest. Here dwelt the man divine whom Samos bore. --Dryden. Note: In the passive form of this verb, the best modern usage restricts the past participle born to the sense of brought forth, while borne is used in the other senses of the word. In the active form, borne alone is used as the past participle. {To bear down}. (a) To force into a lower place; to carry down; to depress or sink. [bd]His nose, . . . large as were the others, bore them down into insignificance.[b8] --Marryat. (b) To overthrow or crush by force; as, to bear down an enemy. {To bear a hand}. (a) To help; to give assistance. (b) (Naut.) To make haste; to be quick. {To bear in hand}, to keep (one) up in expectation, usually by promises never to be realized; to amuse by false pretenses; to delude. [Obs.] [bd]How you were borne in hand, how crossed.[b8] --Shak. {To bear in mind}, to remember. {To bear off}. (a) To restrain; to keep from approach. (b) (Naut.) To remove to a distance; to keep clear from rubbing against anything; as, to bear off a blow; to bear off a boat. (c) To gain; to carry off, as a prize. {To bear one hard}, to owe one a grudge. [Obs.] [bd]C[91]sar doth bear me hard.[b8] --Shak. {To bear out}. (a) To maintain and support to the end; to defend to the last. [bd]Company only can bear a man out in an ill thing.[b8] --South. (b) To corroborate; to confirm. {To bear up}, to support; to keep from falling or sinking. [bd]Religious hope bears up the mind under sufferings.[b8] --Addison. Syn: To uphold; sustain; maintain; support; undergo; suffer; endure; tolerate; carry; convey; transport; waft. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Born \Born\ (b[ocir]rn), p. p. & a. [See {Bear}, v. t.] 1. Brought forth, as an animal; brought into life; introduced by birth. No one could be born into slavery in Mexico. --Prescott. 2. Having from birth a certain character; by or from birth; by nature; innate; as, a born liar. [bd]A born matchmaker.[b8] --W. D. Howells. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bear \Bear\ (b[acir]r), v. t. [imp. {Bore} (b[omac]r) (formerly {Bare} (b[acir]r)); p. p. {Born} (b[ocir]rn), {Borne} (b[omac]r); p. pr. & vb. n. {Bearing}.] [OE. beren, AS. beran, beoran, to bear, carry, produce; akin to D. baren to bring forth, G. geb[84]ren, Goth. ba[a1]ran to bear or carry, Icel. bera, Sw. b[84]ra, Dan. b[91]re, OHG. beran, peran, L. ferre to bear, carry, produce, Gr. fe`rein, OSlav brati to take, carry, OIr. berim I bear, Skr. bh[rsdot] to bear. [root]92. Cf. {Fertile}.] 1. To support or sustain; to hold up. 2. To support and remove or carry; to convey. I 'll bear your logs the while. --Shak. 3. To conduct; to bring; -- said of persons. [Obs.] Bear them to my house. --Shak. 4. To possess and use, as power; to exercise. Every man should bear rule in his own house. --Esther i. 22. 5. To sustain; to have on (written or inscribed, or as a mark), as, the tablet bears this inscription. 6. To possess or carry, as a mark of authority or distinction; to wear; as, to bear a sword, badge, or name. 7. To possess mentally; to carry or hold in the mind; to entertain; to harbor --Dryden. The ancient grudge I bear him. --Shak. 8. To endure; to tolerate; to undergo; to suffer. Should such a man, too fond to rule alone, Bear, like the Turk, no brother near the throne. --Pope. I cannot bear The murmur of this lake to hear. --Shelley. My punishment is greater than I can bear. --Gen. iv. 13. 9. To gain or win. [Obs.] Some think to bear it by speaking a great word. --Bacon. She was . . . found not guilty, through bearing of friends and bribing of the judge. --Latimer. 10. To sustain, or be answerable for, as blame, expense, responsibility, etc. He shall bear their iniquities. --Is. liii. 11. Somewhat that will bear your charges. --Dryden. 11. To render or give; to bring forward. [bd]Your testimony bear[b8] --Dryden. 12. To carry on, or maintain; to have. [bd]The credit of bearing a part in the conversation.[b8] --Locke. 13. To admit or be capable of; that is, to suffer or sustain without violence, injury, or change. In all criminal cases the most favorable interpretation should be put on words that they can possibly bear. --Swift. 14. To manage, wield, or direct. [bd]Thus must thou thy body bear.[b8] --Shak. Hence: To behave; to conduct. Hath he borne himself penitently in prison ? --Shak. 15. To afford; to be to; to supply with. His faithful dog shall bear him company. --Pope. 16. To bring forth or produce; to yield; as, to bear apples; to bear children; to bear interest. Here dwelt the man divine whom Samos bore. --Dryden. Note: In the passive form of this verb, the best modern usage restricts the past participle born to the sense of brought forth, while borne is used in the other senses of the word. In the active form, borne alone is used as the past participle. {To bear down}. (a) To force into a lower place; to carry down; to depress or sink. [bd]His nose, . . . large as were the others, bore them down into insignificance.[b8] --Marryat. (b) To overthrow or crush by force; as, to bear down an enemy. {To bear a hand}. (a) To help; to give assistance. (b) (Naut.) To make haste; to be quick. {To bear in hand}, to keep (one) up in expectation, usually by promises never to be realized; to amuse by false pretenses; to delude. [Obs.] [bd]How you were borne in hand, how crossed.[b8] --Shak. {To bear in mind}, to remember. {To bear off}. (a) To restrain; to keep from approach. (b) (Naut.) To remove to a distance; to keep clear from rubbing against anything; as, to bear off a blow; to bear off a boat. (c) To gain; to carry off, as a prize. {To bear one hard}, to owe one a grudge. [Obs.] [bd]C[91]sar doth bear me hard.[b8] --Shak. {To bear out}. (a) To maintain and support to the end; to defend to the last. [bd]Company only can bear a man out in an ill thing.[b8] --South. (b) To corroborate; to confirm. {To bear up}, to support; to keep from falling or sinking. [bd]Religious hope bears up the mind under sufferings.[b8] --Addison. Syn: To uphold; sustain; maintain; support; undergo; suffer; endure; tolerate; carry; convey; transport; waft. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Borne \Borne\ (b[omac]rn), p. p. of {Bear}. Carried; conveyed; supported; defrayed. See {Bear}, v. t. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Boron \Bo"ron\ (b[omac]"r[ocr]n), n. [See {Borax}.] (Chem.) A nonmetallic element occurring abundantly in borax. It is reduced with difficulty to the free state, when it can be obtained in several different forms; viz., as a substance of a deep olive color, in a semimetallic form, and in colorless quadratic crystals similar to the diamond in hardness and other properties. It occurs in nature also in boracite, datolite, tourmaline, and some other minerals. Atomic weight 10.9. Symbol B. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bourn \Bourn\, Bourne \Bourne\, n. [OE. burne, borne, AS. burna; akin to OS. brunno spring, G. born, brunnen, OHG. prunno, Goth. brunna, Icel. brunnr, and perh. to Gr. [?]. The root is prob. that of burn, v., because the source of a stream seems to issue forth bubbling and boiling from the earth. Cf. {Torrent}, and see {Burn}, v.] A stream or rivulet; a burn. My little boat can safely pass this perilous bourn. --Spenser. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bourn \Bourn\, Bourne \Bourne\, n. [F. borne. See {Bound} a limit.] A bound; a boundary; a limit. Hence: Point aimed at; goal. Where the land slopes to its watery bourn. --Cowper. The undiscovered country, from whose bourn No traveler returns. --Shak. Sole bourn, sole wish, sole object of my song. --Wordsworth. To make the doctrine . . . their intellectual bourne. --Tyndall. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bourn \Bourn\, Bourne \Bourne\, n. [OE. burne, borne, AS. burna; akin to OS. brunno spring, G. born, brunnen, OHG. prunno, Goth. brunna, Icel. brunnr, and perh. to Gr. [?]. The root is prob. that of burn, v., because the source of a stream seems to issue forth bubbling and boiling from the earth. Cf. {Torrent}, and see {Burn}, v.] A stream or rivulet; a burn. My little boat can safely pass this perilous bourn. --Spenser. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bourn \Bourn\, Bourne \Bourne\, n. [F. borne. See {Bound} a limit.] A bound; a boundary; a limit. Hence: Point aimed at; goal. Where the land slopes to its watery bourn. --Cowper. The undiscovered country, from whose bourn No traveler returns. --Shak. Sole bourn, sole wish, sole object of my song. --Wordsworth. To make the doctrine . . . their intellectual bourne. --Tyndall. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brahma \Brah"ma\, n. [See {Brahman}.] 1. (Hindoo Myth.) The One First Cause; also, one of the triad of Hindoo gods. The triad consists of Brahma, the Creator, Vishnu, the Preserver, and Siva, the Destroyer. Note: According to the Hindoo religious books, Brahma (with the final a short), or Brahm, is the Divine Essence, the One First Cause, the All in All, while the personal gods, Brahm[a0] (with the final a long), Vishnu, and Siva, are emanations or manifestations of Brahma the Divine Essence. 2. (Zo[94]l.) A valuable variety of large, domestic fowl, peculiar in having the comb divided lengthwise into three parts, and the legs well feathered. There are two breeds, the dark or penciled, and the light; -- called also {Brahmapootra}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brain \Brain\, n. [OE. brain, brein, AS. bragen, br[91]gen; akin to LG. br[84]gen, bregen, D. brein, and perh. to Gr. [?], the upper part of head, if [?] =[?]. [root]95.] 1. (Anat.) The whitish mass of soft matter (the center of the nervous system, and the seat of consciousness and volition) which is inclosed in the cartilaginous or bony cranium of vertebrate animals. It is simply the anterior termination of the spinal cord, and is developed from three embryonic vesicles, whose cavities are connected with the central canal of the cord; the cavities of the vesicles become the central cavities, or ventricles, and the walls thicken unequally and become the three segments, the fore-, mid-, and hind-brain. Note: In the brain of man the cerebral lobes, or largest part of the forebrain, are enormously developed so as to overhang the cerebellum, the great lobe of the hindbrain, and completely cover the lobes of the midbrain. The surface of the cerebrum is divided into irregular ridges, or convolutions, separated by grooves (the so-called fissures and sulci), and the two hemispheres are connected at the bottom of the longitudinal fissure by a great transverse band of nervous matter, the corpus callosum, while the two halves of the cerebellum are connected on the under side of the brain by the bridge, or pons Varolii. 2. (Zo[94]l.) The anterior or cephalic ganglion in insects and other invertebrates. 3. The organ or seat of intellect; hence, the understanding. [bd] My brain is too dull.[b8] --Sir W. Scott. Note: In this sense, often used in the plural. 4. The affections; fancy; imagination. [R.] --Shak. {To have on the brain}, to have constantly in one's thoughts, as a sort of monomania. [Low] {Brain box} [or] {case}, the bony on cartilaginous case inclosing the brain. {Brain coral}, {Brain stone coral} (Zo[94]l), a massive reef-building coral having the surface covered by ridges separated by furrows so as to resemble somewhat the surface of the brain, esp. such corals of the genera {M[91]andrina} and {Diploria}. {Brain fag} (Med.), brain weariness. See {Cerebropathy}. {Brain fever} (Med.), fever in which the brain is specially affected; any acute cerebral affection attended by fever. {Brain sand}, calcareous matter found in the pineal gland. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brain \Brain\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Brained}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Braining}.] 1. To dash out the brains of; to kill by beating out the brains. Hence, Fig.: To destroy; to put an end to; to defeat. There thou mayst brain him. --Shak. It was the swift celerity of the death . . . That brained my purpose. --Shak. 2. To conceive; to understand. [Obs.] [?]T is still a dream, or else such stuff as madmen Tongue, and brain not. --Shak. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brainy \Brain"y\, a. Having an active or vigorous mind. [Colloq.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brama \Bra"ma\, n. See {Brahma}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brame \Brame\, n. [Cf. {Breme}.] Sharp passion; vexation. [Obs.] Heart-burning brame. --Spenser. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bran \Bran\, n. [OE. bren, bran, OF. bren, F. bran, from Celtic; cf. Armor. brenn, Ir. bran, bran, chaff.] 1. The broken coat of the seed of wheat, rye, or other cereal grain, separated from the flour or meal by sifting or bolting; the coarse, chaffy part of ground grain. 2. (Zo[94]l.) The European carrion crow. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bran-new \Bran"-new"\, a. See {Brand-new}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Branny \Bran"ny\, a. Having the appearance of bran; consisting of or containing bran. --Wiseman. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brawn \Brawn\, n. [OF. braon fleshy part, muscle, fr. HG. br[?]to flesh, G. braten roast meat; akin to Icel. br[?][?] flesh, food of beasts, AS. br[?]de roast meat, br[?]dan to roast, G. braten, and possibly to E. breed.] 1. A muscle; flesh. [Obs.] Formed well of brawns and of bones. --Chaucer. 2. Full, strong muscles, esp. of the arm or leg, muscular strength; a protuberant muscular part of the body; sometimes, the arm. Brawn without brains is thine. --Dryden. It was ordained that murderers should be brent on the brawn of the left hand. --E. Hall. And in my vantbrace put this withered brawn. --Shak. 3. The flesh of a boar; also, the salted and prepared flesh of a boar. The best age for the boar is from two to five years, at which time it is best to geld him, or sell him for brawn. --Mortimer. 4. A boar. [Obs.] --Beau. & Fl. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brawny \Brawn"y\, a. Having large, strong muscles; muscular; fleshy; strong. [bd]Brawny limbs.[b8] --W. Irving. Syn: Muscular; fleshy; strong; bulky; sinewy; athletic; stalwart; powerful; robust. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rosefish \Rose"fish`\, n. (Zo[94]l.) A large marine scorp[91]noid food fish ({Sebastes marinus}) found on the northern coasts of Europe and America. called also {red perch}, {hemdurgan}, {Norway haddok}, and also, erroneously, {snapper}, {bream}, and {bergylt}. Note: When full grown it is usually bright rose-red or orange-red; the young are usually mottled with red and ducky brown. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sunfish \Sun"fish`\, n. (Zo[94]l.) (a) A very large oceanic plectognath fish ({Mola mola}, {Mola rotunda}, or {Orthagoriscus mola}) having a broad body and a truncated tail. (b) Any one of numerous species of perch-like North American fresh-water fishes of the family {Centrachid[91]}. They have a broad, compressed body, and strong dorsal spines. Among the common species of the Eastern United States are {Lepomis gibbosus} (called also {bream}, {pondfish}, {pumpkin seed}, and {sunny}), the blue sunfish, or dollardee ({L. pallidus}), and the long-eared sunfish ({L. auritus}). Several of the species are called also {pondfish}. (c) The moonfish, or bluntnosed shiner. (d) The opah. (e) The basking, or liver, shark. (f) Any large jellyfish. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Pondfish \Pond"fish`\, n. (Zo[94]l.) Any one of numerous species of American fresh-water fishes belonging to the family {Centrarchid[91]}; -- called also {pond perch}, and {sunfish}. Note: The common pondfish of New England ({Lepomis gibbosus}) is called also {bream}, {pumpkin seed}, and {sunny}. See {Sunfish}. The long-eared pondfish ({Lepomis auritus}) of the Eastern United States is distinguished by its very long opercular flap. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bream \Bream\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Breamed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Breaming}.] [Cf. {Broom}, and G. ein schiff brennen.] (Naut.) To clean, as a ship's bottom of adherent shells, seaweed, etc., by the application of fire and scraping. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bream \Bream\, n. [OE. breme, brem, F. br[88]me, OF. bresme, of German origin; cf. OHG. brahsema, brahsina, OLG. bressemo, G. brassen. Cf. {Brasse}.] 1. (Zo[94]l) A European fresh-water cyprinoid fish of the genus {Abramis}, little valued as food. Several species are known. 2. (Zo[94]l) An American fresh-water fish, of various species of {Pomotis} and allied genera, which are also called {sunfishes} and pondfishes. See {Pondfish}. 3. (Zo[94]l) A marine sparoid fish of the genus {Pagellus}, and allied genera. See {Sea Bream}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Rosefish \Rose"fish`\, n. (Zo[94]l.) A large marine scorp[91]noid food fish ({Sebastes marinus}) found on the northern coasts of Europe and America. called also {red perch}, {hemdurgan}, {Norway haddok}, and also, erroneously, {snapper}, {bream}, and {bergylt}. Note: When full grown it is usually bright rose-red or orange-red; the young are usually mottled with red and ducky brown. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Sunfish \Sun"fish`\, n. (Zo[94]l.) (a) A very large oceanic plectognath fish ({Mola mola}, {Mola rotunda}, or {Orthagoriscus mola}) having a broad body and a truncated tail. (b) Any one of numerous species of perch-like North American fresh-water fishes of the family {Centrachid[91]}. They have a broad, compressed body, and strong dorsal spines. Among the common species of the Eastern United States are {Lepomis gibbosus} (called also {bream}, {pondfish}, {pumpkin seed}, and {sunny}), the blue sunfish, or dollardee ({L. pallidus}), and the long-eared sunfish ({L. auritus}). Several of the species are called also {pondfish}. (c) The moonfish, or bluntnosed shiner. (d) The opah. (e) The basking, or liver, shark. (f) Any large jellyfish. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Pondfish \Pond"fish`\, n. (Zo[94]l.) Any one of numerous species of American fresh-water fishes belonging to the family {Centrarchid[91]}; -- called also {pond perch}, and {sunfish}. Note: The common pondfish of New England ({Lepomis gibbosus}) is called also {bream}, {pumpkin seed}, and {sunny}. See {Sunfish}. The long-eared pondfish ({Lepomis auritus}) of the Eastern United States is distinguished by its very long opercular flap. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bream \Bream\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Breamed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Breaming}.] [Cf. {Broom}, and G. ein schiff brennen.] (Naut.) To clean, as a ship's bottom of adherent shells, seaweed, etc., by the application of fire and scraping. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bream \Bream\, n. [OE. breme, brem, F. br[88]me, OF. bresme, of German origin; cf. OHG. brahsema, brahsina, OLG. bressemo, G. brassen. Cf. {Brasse}.] 1. (Zo[94]l) A European fresh-water cyprinoid fish of the genus {Abramis}, little valued as food. Several species are known. 2. (Zo[94]l) An American fresh-water fish, of various species of {Pomotis} and allied genera, which are also called {sunfishes} and pondfishes. See {Pondfish}. 3. (Zo[94]l) A marine sparoid fish of the genus {Pagellus}, and allied genera. See {Sea Bream}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brehon \Bre"hon\, n. [Ir. breitheamh judge.] An ancient Irish or Scotch judge. {Brehon laws}, the ancient Irish laws, -- unwritten, like the common law of England. They were abolished by statute of Edward III. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Breme \Breme\ (br[emac]m), a. [OE. breme, brime, fierce, impetuous, glorious, AS. br[c7]me, br[ymac]me, famous. Cf. {Brim}, a.] 1. Fierce; sharp; severe; cruel. [Obs.] --Spenser. From the septentrion cold, in the breme freezing air. --Drayton. 2. Famous; renowned; well known. --Wright. [Written also {brim} and {brimme}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bren \Bren\, Brenne \Bren"ne\, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. {Brent} ([?]); p. pr. & vb. n. {Brenning}.] [See {Burn}.] To burn. [Obs.] --Chaucer. Consuming fire brent his shearing house or stall. --W. Browne. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bren \Bren\, n. Bran. [Obs.] --Chaucer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bren \Bren\, Brenne \Bren"ne\, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. {Brent} ([?]); p. pr. & vb. n. {Brenning}.] [See {Burn}.] To burn. [Obs.] --Chaucer. Consuming fire brent his shearing house or stall. --W. Browne. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Breme \Breme\ (br[emac]m), a. [OE. breme, brime, fierce, impetuous, glorious, AS. br[c7]me, br[ymac]me, famous. Cf. {Brim}, a.] 1. Fierce; sharp; severe; cruel. [Obs.] --Spenser. From the septentrion cold, in the breme freezing air. --Drayton. 2. Famous; renowned; well known. --Wright. [Written also {brim} and {brimme}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brim \Brim\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Brimmed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Brimming}.] To be full to the brim. [bd]The brimming stream.[b8] --Milton. {To brim over} (literally or figuratively), to be so full that some of the contents flows over the brim; as, a cup brimming over with wine; a man brimming over with fun. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brim \Brim\, n. [OE. brim, brimme, AS. brymme edge, border; akin to Icel. barmr, Sw. br[84]m, Dan. br[91]mme, G. brame, br[84]me. Possibly the same word as AS. brim surge, sea, and properly meaning, the line of surf at the border of the sea, and akin to L. fremere to roar, murmur. Cf. {Breeze} a fly.] 1. The rim, border, or upper edge of a cup, dish, or any hollow vessel used for holding anything. Saw I that insect on this goblet's brim I would remove it with an anxious pity. --Coleridge. 2. The edge or margin, as of a fountain, or of the water contained in it; the brink; border. The feet of the priests that bare the ark were dipped in the brim of the water. --Josh. iii. 15. 3. The rim of a hat. --Wordsworth. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brim \Brim\, v. t. To fill to the brim, upper edge, or top. Arrange the board and brim the glass. --Tennyson. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brim \Brim\, a. Fierce; sharp; cold. See {Breme}. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Breme \Breme\ (br[emac]m), a. [OE. breme, brime, fierce, impetuous, glorious, AS. br[c7]me, br[ymac]me, famous. Cf. {Brim}, a.] 1. Fierce; sharp; severe; cruel. [Obs.] --Spenser. From the septentrion cold, in the breme freezing air. --Drayton. 2. Famous; renowned; well known. --Wright. [Written also {brim} and {brimme}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brim \Brim\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Brimmed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Brimming}.] To be full to the brim. [bd]The brimming stream.[b8] --Milton. {To brim over} (literally or figuratively), to be so full that some of the contents flows over the brim; as, a cup brimming over with wine; a man brimming over with fun. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brim \Brim\, n. [OE. brim, brimme, AS. brymme edge, border; akin to Icel. barmr, Sw. br[84]m, Dan. br[91]mme, G. brame, br[84]me. Possibly the same word as AS. brim surge, sea, and properly meaning, the line of surf at the border of the sea, and akin to L. fremere to roar, murmur. Cf. {Breeze} a fly.] 1. The rim, border, or upper edge of a cup, dish, or any hollow vessel used for holding anything. Saw I that insect on this goblet's brim I would remove it with an anxious pity. --Coleridge. 2. The edge or margin, as of a fountain, or of the water contained in it; the brink; border. The feet of the priests that bare the ark were dipped in the brim of the water. --Josh. iii. 15. 3. The rim of a hat. --Wordsworth. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brim \Brim\, v. t. To fill to the brim, upper edge, or top. Arrange the board and brim the glass. --Tennyson. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brim \Brim\, a. Fierce; sharp; cold. See {Breme}. [Obs.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Breme \Breme\ (br[emac]m), a. [OE. breme, brime, fierce, impetuous, glorious, AS. br[c7]me, br[ymac]me, famous. Cf. {Brim}, a.] 1. Fierce; sharp; severe; cruel. [Obs.] --Spenser. From the septentrion cold, in the breme freezing air. --Drayton. 2. Famous; renowned; well known. --Wright. [Written also {brim} and {brimme}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brin \Brin\, n. [F.] One of the radiating sticks of a fan. The outermost are larger and longer, and are called panaches. --Knight. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brine \Brine\, v. t. 1. To steep or saturate in brine. 2. To sprinkle with salt or brine; as, to brine hay. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brine \Brine\, n. [AS. bryne a burning, salt liquor, brine, fr. brinnan, brynnan, to burn. See {Burn}.] 1. Water saturated or strongly impregnated with salt; pickle; hence, any strong saline solution; also, the saline residue or strong mother liquor resulting from the evaporation of natural or artificial waters. 2. The ocean; the water of an ocean, sea, or salt lake. Not long beneath the whelming brine . . . he lay. --Cowper. 3. Tears; -- so called from their saltness. What a deal of brine Hath washed thy sallow cheecks for Rosaline! --Shak. {Brine fly} (Zo[94]l.), a fly of the genus {Ephydra}, the larv[91] of which live in artificial brines and in salt lakes. {Brine gauge}, an instrument for measuring the saltness of a liquid. {Brine pan}, a pit or pan of salt water, where salt is formed by cristallization. {Brine pit}, a salt spring or well, from which water is taken to be boiled or evaporated for making salt. {Brine pump} (Marine Engin.), a pump for changing the water in the boilers, so as to clear them of the brine which collects at the bottom. {Brine shrimp}, {Brine worm} (Zo[94]l.), a phyllopod crustacean of the genus {Artemia}, inhabiting the strong brines of salt works and natural salt lakes. See {Artemia}. {Brine spring}, a spring of salt water. {Leach brine} (Saltmaking), brine which drops from granulated salt in drying, and is preserved to be boiled again. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Briny \Brin"y\, a. [From {Brine}.] Of or pertaining to brine, or to the sea; partaking of the nature of brine; salt; as, a briny taste; the briny flood. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Briony \Bri"o*ny\, n. See {Bryony}. --Tennyson. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Broma \Bro"ma\ (br[omac]"m[adot]), n. [NL., fr. Gr. brw^ma food, bibrw`skein to eat.] 1. (Med.) Aliment; food. --Dunglison. 2. A light form of prepared cocoa (or cacao), or the drink made from it. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Broom \Broom\, n. [OE. brom, brome, AS. br[d3]m; akin to LG. bram, D. brem, OHG. br[be]mo broom, thorn[?]bush, G. brombeere blackberry. Cf. {Bramble}, n.] 1. (Bot.) A plant having twigs suitable for making brooms to sweep with when bound together; esp., the {Cytisus scoparius} of Western Europe, which is a low shrub with long, straight, green, angular branches, minute leaves, and large yellow flowers. No gypsy cowered o'er fires of furze and broom. --Wordsworth. 2. An implement for sweeping floors, etc., commonly made of the panicles or tops of broom corn, bound together or attached to a long wooden handle; -- so called because originally made of the twigs of the broom. {Butcher's broom}, a plant ({Ruscus aculeatus}) of the Smilax family, used by butchers for brooms to sweep their blocks; -- called also {knee holly}. See {Cladophyll}. {Dyer's broom}, a species of mignonette ({Reseda luteola}), used for dyeing yellow; dyer's weed; dyer's rocket. {Spanish broom}. See under {Spanish}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Broom \Broom\, v. t. (Naut.) See {Bream}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Broomy \Broom"y\, a. Of or pertaining to broom; overgrowing with broom; resembling broom or a broom. If land grow mossy or broomy. --Mortimer. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brown \Brown\, n. A dark color inclining to red or yellow, resulting from the mixture of red and black, or of red, black, and yellow; a tawny, dusky hue. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brown \Brown\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Browned}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Browning}.] 1. To make brown or dusky. A trembling twilight o'er welkin moves, Browns the dim void and darkens deep the groves. --Barlow. 2. To make brown by scorching slightly; as, to brown meat or flour. 3. To give a bright brown color to, as to gun barrels, by forming a thin coat of oxide on their surface. --Ure. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brown \Brown\, a. [Compar. {Browner}; superl. {Brownest}.] [OE. brun, broun, AS. br[?]n; akin to D. bruin, OHG. br[?]n, Icel. br[?]nn, Sw. brun, Dan. bruun, G. braun, Lith. brunas, Skr. babhru. [fb]93, 253. Cf. {Bruin}, {Beaver}, {Burnish}, {Brunette}.] Of a dark color, of various shades between black and red or yellow. Cheeks brown as the oak leaves. --Longfellow. {Brown Bess}, the old regulation flintlock smoothbore musket, with bronzed barrel, formerly used in the British army. {Brown bread} (a) Dark colored bread; esp. a kind made of unbolted wheat flour, sometimes called in the United States Graham bread. [bd]He would mouth with a beggar though she smelt brown bread and garlic.[b8] --Shak. (b) Dark colored bread made of rye meal and Indian meal, or of wheat and rye or Indian; rye and Indian bread. [U.S.] {Brown coal}, wood coal. See {Lignite}. {Brown hematite} or {Brown iron ore} (Min.), the hydrous iron oxide, limonite, which has a brown streak. See {Limonite}. {Brown holland}. See under {Holland}. {Brown paper}, dark colored paper, esp. coarse wrapping paper, made of unbleached materials. {Brown spar} (Min.), a ferruginous variety of dolomite, in part identical with ankerite. {Brown stone}. See {Brownstone}. {Brown stout}, a strong kind of porter or malt liquor. {Brown study}, a state of mental abstraction or serious reverie. --W. Irving. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brown \Brown\, v. i. To become brown. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brownie \Brown"ie\, n. [So called from its supposed tawny or swarthy color.] An imaginary good-natured spirit, who was supposed often to perform important services around the house by night, such as thrashing, churning, sweeping. [Scot.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Browny \Brown"y\, a. Brown or, somewhat brown. [bd]Browny locks.[b8] --Shak. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bruin \Bru"in\, n. [D. bruin brown. In the epic poem of [bd]Reynard the Fox[b8] the bear is so called from his color. See {Brown}, a.] A bear; -- so called in popular tales and fables. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brume \Brume\, n. [F. brume winter season, mist, L. bruma winter.] Mist; fog; vapors. [bd]The drifting brume.[b8] --Longfellow. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Brun \Brun\, n. [See {Broun} a brook.] Same as {Brun}, a brook. [Scot.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Bryony \Bry"o*ny\ (br[imac]"[osl]*n[ycr]), n. [L. bryonia, Gr. brywni`a, fr. bry`ein to swell, esp. of plants.] (Bot.) The common name of several cucurbitaceous plants of the genus {Bryonia}. The root of {B. alba} (rough or {white bryony}) and of {B. dioica} is a strong, irritating cathartic. {Black bryony}, a plant ({Tamus communis}) so named from its dark glossy leaves and black root; black bindweed. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Storm \Storm\, n. {Anticyclonic storm} (Meteor.), a storm characterized by a central area of high atmospheric pressure, and having a system of winds blowing spirally outward in a direction contrary to that cyclonic storms. It is attended by low temperature, dry air, infrequent precipitation, and often by clear sky. Called also {high-area storm}, {anticyclone}. When attended by high winds, snow, and freezing temperatures such storms have various local names, as {blizzard}, {wet norther}, {purga}, {buran}, etc. {Cyclonic storm}. (Meteor.) A cyclone, or low-area storm. See {Cyclone}, above. Stovain \Sto"va*in\, n. Also -ine \-ine\ . [Stove (a translation of the name of the discoverer, Fourneau + -in, -ine.] (Pharm.) A substance, {C14H22O2NCl}, the hydrochloride of an amino compound containing benzol, used, in solution with strychnine, as a local an[91]sthetic, esp. by injection into the sheath of the spinal cord, producing an[91]sthesia below the point of introduction. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Burin \Bu"rin\, n. [F. burin, cf. It. burino, bulino; prob. from OHG. bora borer, bor[d3]n to bore, G. bohren. See 1st {Bore}.] 1. The cutting tool of an engraver on metal, used in line engraving. It is made of tempered steel, one end being ground off obliquely so as to produce a sharp point, and the other end inserted in a handle; a graver; also, the similarly shaped tool used by workers in marble. 2. The manner or style of execution of an engraver; as, a soft burin; a brilliant burin. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Burion \Bu"ri*on\, n. (Zo[94]l.) The red-breasted house sparrow of California ({Carpodacus frontalis}); -- called also {crimson-fronted bullfinch}. [Written also {burrion}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Burn \Burn\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Burned} ([?]) or {Burnt} ([?]); p. pr. & vb. n. {Burning}.] [OE. bernen, brennen, v. t., early confused with beornen, birnen, v. i., AS. b[91]rnan, bernan, v. t., birnan, v. i.; akin to OS. brinnan, OFries. barna, berna, OHG. brinnan, brennan, G. brennen, OD. bernen, D. branden, Dan. br[91]nde, Sw. br[84]nna, brinna, Icel. brenna, Goth. brinnan, brannjan (in comp.), and possibly to E. fervent.] 1. To consume with fire; to reduce to ashes by the action of heat or fire; -- frequently intensified by up: as, to burn up wood. [bd]We'll burn his body in the holy place.[b8] --Shak. 2. To injure by fire or heat; to change destructively some property or properties of, by undue exposure to fire or heat; to scorch; to scald; to blister; to singe; to char; to sear; as, to burn steel in forging; to burn one's face in the sun; the sun burns the grass. 3. To perfect or improve by fire or heat; to submit to the action of fire or heat for some economic purpose; to destroy or change some property or properties of, by exposure to fire or heat in due degree for obtaining a desired residuum, product, or effect; to bake; as, to burn clay in making bricks or pottery; to burn wood so as to produce charcoal; to burn limestone for the lime. 4. To make or produce, as an effect or result, by the application of fire or heat; as, to burn a hole; to burn charcoal; to burn letters into a block. 5. To consume, injure, or change the condition of, as if by action of fire or heat; to affect as fire or heat does; as, to burn the mouth with pepper. This tyrant fever burns me up. --Shak. This dry sorrow burns up all my tears. --Dryden. When the cold north wind bloweth, . . . it devoureth the mountains, and burneth the wilderness, and consumeth the grass as fire. --Ecclus. xliii. 20, 21. 6. (Surg.) To apply a cautery to; to cauterize. 7. (Chem.) To cause to combine with oxygen or other active agent, with evolution of heat; to consume; to oxidize; as, a man burns a certain amount of carbon at each respiration; to burn iron in oxygen. {To burn}, {To burn together}, as two surfaces of metal (Engin.), to fuse and unite them by pouring over them a quantity of the same metal in a liquid state. {To burn a bowl} (Game of Bowls), to displace it accidentally, the bowl so displaced being said to be burned. {To burn daylight}, to light candles before it is dark; to waste time; to perform superfluous actions. --Shak. {To burn one's fingers}, to get one's self into unexpected trouble, as by interfering the concerns of others, speculation, etc. {To burn out}, to destroy or obliterate by burning. [bd]Must you with hot irons burn out mine eyes?[b8] --Shak. {To be burned out}, to suffer loss by fire, as the burning of one's house, store, or shop, with the contents. {To burn up}, {To burn down}, to burn entirely. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Burn \Burn\, n. 1. A hurt, injury, or effect caused by fire or excessive or intense heat. 2. The operation or result of burning or baking, as in brickmaking; as, they have a good burn. 3. A disease in vegetables. See {Brand}, n., 6. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Burn \Burn\, n. [See 1st {Bourn}.] A small stream. [Scot.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Burn \Burn\, v. i. 1. To be of fire; to flame. [bd]The mount burned with fire.[b8] --Deut. ix. 15. 2. To suffer from, or be scorched by, an excess of heat. Your meat doth burn, quoth I. --Shak. 3. To have a condition, quality, appearance, sensation, or emotion, as if on fire or excessively heated; to act or rage with destructive violence; to be in a state of lively emotion or strong desire; as, the face burns; to burn with fever. Did not our heart burn within us, while he talked with us by the way? --Luke xxiv. 32. The barge she sat in, like a burnished throne, Burned on the water. --Shak. Burning with high hope. --Byron. The groan still deepens, and the combat burns. --Pope. The parching air Burns frore, and cold performs the effect of fire. --Milton. 4. (Chem.) To combine energetically, with evolution of heat; as, copper burns in chlorine. 5. In certain games, to approach near to a concealed object which is sought. [Colloq.] {To burn out}, to burn till the fuel is exhausted. {To burn up}, {To burn down}, to be entirely consumed. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Burnie \Burn"ie\, n. [See 4th {Burn}.] A small brook. [Scot.] --Burns. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Burion \Bu"ri*on\, n. (Zo[94]l.) The red-breasted house sparrow of California ({Carpodacus frontalis}); -- called also {crimson-fronted bullfinch}. [Written also {burrion}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
By-room \By"-room`\, n. A private room or apartment. [bd]Stand in some by-room[b8] --Shak. | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Barahona, PR (comunidad, FIPS 5217) Location: 18.35344 N, 66.44594 W Population (1990): 2246 (659 housing units) Area: 1.4 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Barney, GA Zip code(s): 31625 Barney, ND (city, FIPS 4940) Location: 46.26651 N, 96.99919 W Population (1990): 79 (27 housing units) Area: 0.4 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 58008 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Barron, WI (city, FIPS 4875) Location: 45.40058 N, 91.84649 W Population (1990): 2986 (1283 housing units) Area: 6.8 sq km (land), 0.2 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 54812 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Bern, ID Zip code(s): 83220 Bern, KS (city, FIPS 6275) Location: 39.96272 N, 95.97225 W Population (1990): 190 (101 housing units) Area: 0.5 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 66408 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Berne, IN (city, FIPS 4888) Location: 40.65713 N, 84.95429 W Population (1990): 3559 (1353 housing units) Area: 4.3 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Berne, NY Zip code(s): 12023 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Bernie, MO (city, FIPS 4960) Location: 36.67197 N, 89.97047 W Population (1990): 1847 (842 housing units) Area: 3.1 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 63822 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Beroun, MN Zip code(s): 55063 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Berwyn, IL (city, FIPS 5573) Location: 41.84245 N, 87.79105 W Population (1990): 45426 (20044 housing units) Area: 10.1 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Berwyn, NE (village, FIPS 4650) Location: 41.35128 N, 99.50016 W Population (1990): 122 (50 housing units) Area: 0.7 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 68819 Berwyn, PA Zip code(s): 19312 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Birney, MT Zip code(s): 59012 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Biron, WI (village, FIPS 7650) Location: 44.42839 N, 89.76438 W Population (1990): 794 (353 housing units) Area: 10.9 sq km (land), 4.5 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Boerne, TX (city, FIPS 9160) Location: 29.80153 N, 98.73855 W Population (1990): 4274 (1623 housing units) Area: 10.8 sq km (land), 0.8 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Boron, CA (CDP, FIPS 7568) Location: 35.00492 N, 117.65034 W Population (1990): 2101 (937 housing units) Area: 7.6 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 93516 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Bourne, MA (CDP, FIPS 7140) Location: 41.73269 N, 70.61397 W Population (1990): 1284 (921 housing units) Area: 4.8 sq km (land), 3.3 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Braham, MN (city, FIPS 7282) Location: 45.72374 N, 93.17336 W Population (1990): 1139 (482 housing units) Area: 3.3 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 55006 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Breien, ND Zip code(s): 58570 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Bruin, PA (borough, FIPS 9528) Location: 41.05510 N, 79.72733 W Population (1990): 646 (262 housing units) Area: 4.5 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 16022 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Bruni, TX Zip code(s): 78344 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Bruno, AR Zip code(s): 72618 Bruno, MN (city, FIPS 8290) Location: 46.28054 N, 92.66753 W Population (1990): 89 (46 housing units) Area: 2.6 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 55712 Bruno, NE (village, FIPS 6855) Location: 41.28329 N, 96.96050 W Population (1990): 141 (73 housing units) Area: 0.7 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 68014 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Bryan, OH (city, FIPS 9792) Location: 41.47023 N, 84.54800 W Population (1990): 8348 (3556 housing units) Area: 10.3 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 43506 Bryan, TX (city, FIPS 10912) Location: 30.66855 N, 96.36521 W Population (1990): 55002 (23007 housing units) Area: 84.6 sq km (land), 0.2 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 77801, 77802, 77803 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Burien, WA (CDP, FIPS 8850) Location: 47.46493 N, 122.34641 W Population (1990): 25089 (11376 housing units) Area: 16.6 sq km (land), 3.3 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 98146 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Burna, KY Zip code(s): 42028 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Burney, CA (CDP, FIPS 9122) Location: 40.88431 N, 121.66869 W Population (1990): 3423 (1382 housing units) Area: 13.4 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 96013 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Byram, CT Zip code(s): 06830 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Byron, AR Zip code(s): 72576 Byron, CA Zip code(s): 94514 Byron, GA (city, FIPS 12260) Location: 32.65196 N, 83.75755 W Population (1990): 2276 (863 housing units) Area: 10.3 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Byron, IL (city, FIPS 10240) Location: 42.12840 N, 89.25826 W Population (1990): 2284 (910 housing units) Area: 2.4 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 61010 Byron, MI (village, FIPS 12260) Location: 42.82549 N, 83.94889 W Population (1990): 573 (219 housing units) Area: 1.9 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 48418 Byron, MN (city, FIPS 9154) Location: 44.03342 N, 92.64609 W Population (1990): 2441 (813 housing units) Area: 3.2 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 55920 Byron, NE (village, FIPS 7555) Location: 40.00523 N, 97.76810 W Population (1990): 140 (72 housing units) Area: 0.4 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 68325 Byron, NY Zip code(s): 14422 Byron, OK (town, FIPS 10650) Location: 36.90118 N, 98.29467 W Population (1990): 57 (33 housing units) Area: 0.6 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 73723 Byron, WY (town, FIPS 11700) Location: 44.79539 N, 108.50759 W Population (1990): 470 (206 housing units) Area: 2.2 sq km (land), 0.1 sq km (water) | |
From Jargon File (4.2.0, 31 JAN 2000) [jargon]: | |
barn n. [uncommon; prob. from the nuclear military] An unexpectedly large quantity of something: a unit of measurement. "Why is /var/adm taking up so much space?" "The logs have grown to several barns." The source of this is clear: when physicists were first studying nuclear interactions, the probability was thought to be proportional to the cross-sectional area of the nucleus (this probability is still called the cross-section). Upon experimenting, they discovered the interactions were far more probable than expected; the nuclei were `as big as a barn'. The units for cross-sections were christened Barns, (10^-24 cm^2) and the book containing cross-sections has a picture of a barn on the cover. | |
From Jargon File (4.2.0, 31 JAN 2000) [jargon]: | |
barney n. In Commonwealth hackish, `barney' is to {fred} (sense #1) as {bar} is to {foo}. That is, people who commonly use `fred' as their first metasyntactic variable will often use `barney' second. The reference is, of course, to Fred Flintstone and Barney Rubble in the Flintstones cartoons. | |
From Jargon File (4.2.0, 31 JAN 2000) [jargon]: | |
braino /bray'no/ n. Syn. for {thinko}. See also {brain fart}. | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
barney In Commonwealth hackish, "barney" is to {fred} as {bar} is to {foo}. That is, people who commonly use "fred" as their first {metasyntactic variable} will often use "barney" second. The reference is, of course, to Fred Flintstone and Barney Rubble in the Flintstones cartoons. [{Jargon File}] (1994-11-28) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
braino {thinko} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
BRUIN Brown University Interactive Language. A simple interactive language with {PL/I}-like {syntax}, for {IBM 360}. ["Meeting the Computational Requirements of the University, Brown University Interactive Language", R.G. Munck, Proc 24th ACM Conf, 1969]. (1995-02-14) | |
From The Elements (22Oct97) [elements]: | |
barium Symbol: Ba Atomic number: 56 Atomic weight: 137.34 Silvery-white reactive element, belonging to group 2 of the periodic table. Soluble barium compounds are extremely poisonous. Identified in 1774 by Karl Scheele and extracted in 1808 by Humphry Davy. | |
From The Elements (22Oct97) [elements]: | |
bohrium Competing name for {unnilseptium}, the 107th element, proposed by the IUPAC in response to the discoverers of the element wanting to name it {nielsbohrium}. | |
From The Elements (22Oct97) [elements]: | |
boron Symbol: B Atomic number: 5 Atomic weight: 10.811 An element of group 13 of the periodic table. There are two allotropes, amorphous boron is a brown power, but metallic boron is black. The metallic form is hard (9.3 on Mohs' scale) and a bad conductor in room temperatures. It is never found free in nature. Boron-10 is used in nuclear reactor control rods and shields. It was discovered in 1808 by Sir Humphry Davy and by J.L. Gay-Lussac and L.J. Thenard. | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Bahurim young men, a place east of Jerusalem (2 Sam. 3:16; 19:16), on the road to the Jordan valley. Here Shimei resided, who poured forth vile abuse against David, and flung dust and stones at him and his party when they were making their way down the eastern slopes of Olivet toward Jordan (16:5); and here Jonathan and Ahimaaz hid themselves (17:18). With the exception of Shimei, Azmaveth, one of David's heroes, is the only other native of the place who is mentioned (2 Sam. 23:31; 1 Chr. 11:33). | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Barn a storehouse (Deut. 28:8; Job 39:12; Hag. 2:19) for grain, which was usually under ground, although also sometimes above ground (Luke 12:18). | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Barren For a woman to be barren was accounted a severe punishment among the Jews (Gen. 16:2; 30:1-23; 1 Sam. 1:6, 27; Isa. 47:9; 49:21; Luke 1:25). Instances of barrenness are noticed (Gen. 11:30; 25:21; 29:31; Judg. 13:2, 3; Luke 1:7, 36). | |
From Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) [hitchcock]: | |
Bahurim, choice; warlike; valiant | |
From The CIA World Factbook (1995) [world95]: | |
Bahrain Bahrain:Geography Location: Middle East, archipelago in the Persian Gulf, east of Saudi Arabia Map references: Middle East Area: total area: 620 sq km land area: 620 sq km comparative area: slightly less than 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC Land boundaries: 0 km Coastline: 161 km Maritime claims: contiguous zone: 24 nm continental shelf: extending to boundaries to be determined territorial sea: 12 nm International disputes: territorial dispute with Qatar over the Hawar Islands; maritime boundary with Qatar Climate: arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers Terrain: mostly low desert plain rising gently to low central escarpment Natural resources: oil, associated and nonassociated natural gas, fish Land use: arable land: 2% permanent crops: 2% meadows and pastures: 6% forest and woodland: 0% other: 90% Irrigated land: 10 sq km (1989 est.) Environment: current issues: desertification resulting from the degradation of limited arable land, periods of drought, and dust storms; coastal degradation (damage to coastlines, coral reefs, and sea vegetation) resulting from oil spills and other discharges from large tankers, oil refineries, and distribution stations; no natural fresh water resources so that groundwater and sea water are the only sources for all water needs natural hazards: periodic droughts; dust storms international agreements: party to - Climate Change, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection; signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity Note: close to primary Middle Eastern petroleum sources; strategic location in Persian Gulf through which much of Western world's petroleum must transit to reach open ocean Bahrain:People Population: 575,925 (July 1995 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 31% (female 87,398; male 89,976) 15-64 years: 67% (female 152,363; male 231,586) 65 years and over: 2% (female 7,051; male 7,551) (July 1995 est.) Population growth rate: 2.58% (1995 est.) Birth rate: 24.12 births/1,000 population (1995 est.) Death rate: 3.31 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.) Net migration rate: 4.95 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.) Infant mortality rate: 18 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 73.94 years male: 71.46 years female: 76.49 years (1995 est.) Total fertility rate: 3.12 children born/woman (1995 est.) Nationality: noun: Bahraini(s) adjective: Bahraini Ethnic divisions: Bahraini 63%, Asian 13%, other Arab 10%, Iranian 8%, other 6% Religions: Shi'a Muslim 70%, Sunni Muslim 30% Languages: Arabic, English, Farsi, Urdu Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1991) total population: 84% male: 89% female: 77% Labor force: 140,000 by occupation: industry and commerce 85%, agriculture 5%, services 5%, government 3% (1982) note: 42% of labor force is Bahraini Bahrain:Government Names: conventional long form: State of Bahrain conventional short form: Bahrain local long form: Dawlat al Bahrayn local short form: Al Bahrayn Digraph: BA Type: traditional monarchy Capital: Manama Administrative divisions: 12 districts (manatiq, singular - mintaqah); Al Hadd, Al Manamah, Al Mintaqah al Gharbiyah, Al Mintaqah al Wusta, Al Mintaqah ash Shamaliyah, Al Muharraq, Ar Rifa'wa al Mintaqah al Janubiyah, Jidd Hafs, Madinat Hamad, Madinat 'Isa, Mintaqat Juzur Hawar, Sitrah Independence: 15 August 1971 (from UK) National holiday: Independence Day, 16 December (1961) Constitution: 26 May 1973, effective 6 December 1973 Legal system: based on Islamic law and English common law Suffrage: none Executive branch: chief of state: Amir ISA bin Salman Al Khalifa (since 2 November 1961); Heir Apparent HAMAD bin Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa (son of the Amir, born 28 January 1950) head of government: Prime Minister KHALIFA bin Salman Al Khalifa (since 19 January 1970) cabinet: Cabinet Legislative branch: unicameral National Assembly was dissolved 26 August 1975 and legislative powers were assumed by the Cabinet; appointed Advisory Council established 16 December 1992 Judicial branch: High Civil Appeals Court Political parties and leaders: political parties prohibited; several small, clandestine leftist and Islamic fundamentalist groups are active Member of: ABEDA, AFESD, AL, AMF, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, GATT, GCC, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDB, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO Diplomatic representation in US: chief of mission: Ambassador Muhammad ABD AL-GHAFFAR al-Abdallah chancery: 3502 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 342-0741, 342-0742 consulate(s) general: New York US diplomatic representation: chief of mission: Ambassador David M. RANSOM embassy: Building No. 979, Road 3119 (next to Ahli Sports Club), Zinj District, Manama mailing address: FPO AE 09834-5100; P.O. Box 26431, Manama (International Mail) telephone: [973] 273300; afterhours [973] 275-126 FAX: [973] 272594 Flag: red with a white serrated band (eight white points) on the hoist side Economy Overview: Tiny in area, Bahrain is well-to-do in economic resources and per capita income. Petroleum production and processing account for about 80% of export receipts, 60% of government revenues, and 30% of GDP. Economic conditions have fluctuated with the changing fortunes of oil since 1985, for example, during and following the Gulf crisis of 1990-91. With its highly developed communication and transport facilities Bahrain is home to numerous multinational firms with business in the Gulf. A large share of exports consists of petroleum products made from imported crude. Prospects for 1995 are good, with private enterprise the main driving force, e.g., in banking and construction. Unemployment, especially among the young, and the depletion of both oil and underground water resources are major long-term economic problems. National product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $7.1 billion (1994 est.) National product real growth rate: 2.2% (1994 est.) National product per capita: $12,100 (1994 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 2% (1994 est.) Unemployment rate: 15% (1991 est.) Budget: revenues: $1.2 billion (1989) expenditures: $1.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1992) Exports: $3.69 billion (f.o.b., 1993 est.) commodities: petroleum and petroleum products 80%, aluminum 7% partners: Japan 11%, UAE 5%, South Korea 4%, India 4%, Saudi Arabia 3% (1992) Imports: $3.83 billion (f.o.b., 1993 est.) commodities: nonoil 59%, crude oil 41% partners: Saudi Arabia 47%, UK 7%, Japan 7%, US 6%, Germany 5% (1992) External debt: $2.6 billion (1993) Industrial production: growth rate 13% (1992); accounts for 38% of GDP, including petroleum Electricity: capacity: 1,050,000 kW production: 3.3 billion kWh consumption per capita: 5,453 kWh (1993) Industries: petroleum processing and refining, aluminum smelting, offshore banking, ship repairing Agriculture: including fishing, accounts for less than 2% of GDP; not self-sufficient in food production; heavily subsidized sector produces fruit, vegetables, poultry, dairy products, shrimp, fish Economic aid: recipient: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-79), $24 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $45 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $9.8 billion Currency: 1 Bahraini dinar (BD) = 1,000 fils Exchange rates: Bahraini dinars (BD) per US$1 - 0.3760 (fixed rate) Fiscal year: calendar year Bahrain:Transportation Railroads: 0 km Highways: total: 2,670 km paved: 2,010 km unpaved: 660 km (1991 est.) Pipelines: crude oil 56 km; petroleum products 16 km; natural gas 32 km Ports: Manama, Mina' Salman, Sitrah Merchant marine: total: 6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 79,949 GRT/120,900 DWT ships by type: bulk 1, cargo 4, chemical tanker 1 Airports: total: 4 with paved runways over 3,047 m: 2 with paved runways under 914 m: 1 with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m: 1 Bahrain:Communications Telephone system: 98,000 telephones; 170 telephones/1,000 persons; modern system; good domestic services; excellent international connections local: NA intercity: NA international: 2 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 ARABSAT earth station; tropospheric scatter to Qatar, UAE; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia; submarine cable to Qatar, UAE, and Saudi Arabia Radio: broadcast stations: AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 0 radios: 60 million Television: broadcast stations: 2 televisions: 21 million Bahrain:Defense Forces Branches: Army, Navy, Air Force, Air Defense, Coast Guard, Police Force Manpower availability: males age 15-49 210,725; males fit for military service 117,414; males reach military age (15) annually 4,346 (1995 est.) Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $247 million, 5.5% of GDP (1994) | |
From The CIA World Factbook (1995) [world95]: | |
Brunei Brunei:Geography Location: Southeastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and Malaysia Map references: Southeast Asia Area: total area: 5,770 sq km land area: 5,270 sq km comparative area: slightly larger than Delaware Land boundaries: total 381 km, Malysia 381 km Coastline: 161 km Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone: 200 nm or to median line territorial sea: 12 nm International disputes: may wish to purchase the Malaysian salient that divides the country; all of the Spratly Islands are claimed by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam; parts of them are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines; in 1984, Brunei established an exclusive fishing zone that encompasses Louisa Reef, but has not publicly claimed the island Climate: tropical; hot, humid, rainy Terrain: flat coastal plain rises to mountains in east; hilly lowland in west Natural resources: petroleum, natural gas, timber Land use: arable land: 1% permanent crops: 1% meadows and pastures: 1% forest and woodland: 79% other: 18% Irrigated land: 10 sq km (1989 est.) Environment: current issues: NA natural hazards: typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are very rare international agreements: party to - Endangered Species, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution; signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea Note: close to vital sea lanes through South China Sea linking Indian and Pacific Oceans; two parts physically separated by Malaysia; almost an enclave of Malaysia Brunei:People Population: 292,266 (July 1995 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 34% (female 48,458; male 50,624) 15-64 years: 62% (female 85,581; male 95,955) 65 years and over: 4% (female 5,172; male 6,476) (July 1995 est.) Population growth rate: 2.63% (1995 est.) Birth rate: 25.83 births/1,000 population (1995 est.) Death rate: 5.07 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.) Net migration rate: 5.49 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.) Infant mortality rate: 24.7 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 71.24 years male: 69.65 years female: 72.91 years (1995 est.) Total fertility rate: 3.41 children born/woman (1995 est.) Nationality: noun: Bruneian(s) adjective: Bruneian Ethnic divisions: Malay 64%, Chinese 20%, other 16% Religions: Muslim (official) 63%, Buddhism 14%, Christian 8%, indigenous beliefs and other 15% (1981) Languages: Malay (official), English, Chinese Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1991) total population: 88% male: 92% female: 82% Labor force: 119,000 (1993 est.); note - includes members of the Army by occupation: government 47.5%, production of oil, natural gas, services, and construction 41.9%, agriculture, forestry, and fishing 3.8% (1986) note: 33% of labor force is foreign (1988) Brunei:Government Names: conventional long form: Negara Brunei Darussalam conventional short form: Brunei Digraph: BX Type: constitutional sultanate Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan Administrative divisions: 4 districts (daerah-daerah, singular - daerah); Belait, Brunei and Muara, Temburong, Tutong Independence: 1 January 1984 (from UK) National holiday: National Day 23 February (1984) Constitution: 29 September 1959 (some provisions suspended under a State of Emergency since December 1962, others since independence on 1 January 1984) Legal system: based on Islamic law Suffrage: none Executive branch: chief of state and head of government: Sultan and Prime Minister His Majesty Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan Haji HASSANAL Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah (since 5 October 1967) cabinet: Council of Cabinet Ministers; composed chiefly of members of the royal family Legislative branch: unicameral Legislative Council (Majlis Masyuarat Megeri): elections last held in March 1962; in 1970 the Council was changed to an appointive body by decree of the sultan; an elected legislative Council is being considered as part of constitution reform, but elections are unlikely for several years Judicial branch: Supreme Court Political parties and leaders: Brunei United National Party (inactive), Anak HASANUDDIN, chairman; Brunei National Solidarity Party (the first legal political party and now banned), leader NA; Brunei Peoples Party (banned), leader NA Member of: APEC, ASEAN, C, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, GATT, ICAO, IDB, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT (nonsignatory user), INTERPOL, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OIC, UN, UNCTAD, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO Diplomatic representation in US: chief of mission: Ambassador Haji JAYA bin Abdul Latif chancery: Watergate, Suite 300, 3rd floor, 2600 Virginia Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037 telephone: [1] (202) 342-0159 FAX: [1] (202) 342-0158 US diplomatic representation: chief of mission: Ambassador Theresa A. TULL embassy: Third Floor, Teck Guan Plaza, Jalan Sultan, Bandar Seri Begawan mailing address: American Embassy Box B, APO AP 96440 telephone: [673] (2) 229670 FAX: [673] (2) 225293 Flag: yellow with two diagonal bands of white (top, almost double width) and black starting from the upper hoist side; the national emblem in red is superimposed at the center; the emblem includes a swallow-tailed flag on top of a winged column within an upturned crescent above a scroll and flanked by two upraised hands Economy Overview: The economy is a mixture of foreign and domestic entrepreneurship, government regulation and welfare measures, and village tradition. It is almost totally supported by exports of crude oil and natural gas, with revenues from the petroleum sector accounting for more than 40% of GDP. Per capita GDP is among the highest in the Third World, and substantial income from overseas investment supplements domestic production. The government provides for all medical services and subsidizes food and housing. National product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $4.43 billion (1993 est.) National product real growth rate: -4% (1993 est.) National product per capita: $16,000 (1993 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 2.5% (1993 est.) Unemployment rate: 5% (1993 est.) Budget: revenues: $1.5 billion expenditures: $1.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $255 million (1990 est.) Exports: $2.2 billion (f.o.b., 1993 est.) commodities: crude oil, liquefied natural gas, petroleum products partners: Japan 52%, South Korea 10%, UK 9%, Thailand 7%, Singapore 6% (1991) Imports: $1.2 billion (c.i.f., 1993 est.) commodities: machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, chemicals partners: Singapore 34%, UK 23%, US 10%, Japan 8%, Malaysia 7%, Switzerland 4% (1991) External debt: $0 Industrial production: growth rate 12.9% (1987); accounts for 41.6% of GDP (1990), includes mining, quarrying, and manufacturing Electricity: capacity: 380,000 kW production: 1.2 billion kWh consumption per capita: 3,971 kWh (1993) Industries: petroleum, petroleum refining, liquefied natural gas, construction Agriculture: imports about 80% of its food needs; principal crops and livestock include rice, cassava, bananas, buffaloes, and pigs Economic aid: recipient: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-87), $20.6 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $153 million Currency: 1 Bruneian dollar (B$) = 100 cents Exchange rates: Bruneian dollars (B$) per US$1 - 1.4524 (January 1995), 1.5274 (1994), 1.6158 (1993), 1.6290 (1992), 1.7276 (1991), 1.8125 (1990); note - the Bruneian dollar is at par with the Singapore dollar Fiscal year: calendar year Brunei:Transportation Railroads: total: 13 km private line narrow gauge: 13 km 0.610-m gauge Highways: total: 1,090 km paved: bituminous 370 km (with another 52 km under construction) unpaved: gravel or earth 720 km Inland waterways: 209 km; navigable by craft drawing less than 1.2 meters Pipelines: crude oil 135 km; petroleum products 418 km; natural gas 920 km Ports: Bandar Seri Begawar, Kuala Belait, Muara, Seria, Tutong Merchant marine: total: 7 liquefied gas carriers (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 348,476 GRT/340,635 DWT Airports: total: 5 with paved runways over 3,047 m: 1 with paved runways under 914 m: 3 with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 1 Brunei:Communications Telephone system: 33,000 telephones (1987); service throughout country is adequate for present needs; international service good to adjacent Malaysia local: NA intercity: NA international: INTELSAT (NA Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean) earth stations Radio: broadcast stations: AM 4, FM 4, shortwave 0 radios: 74,000 (1987) note: radiobroadcast coverage good Television: broadcast stations: 1 televisions: NA Brunei:Defense Forces Branches: Land Forces, Navy, Air Force, Royal Brunei Police Manpower availability: males age 15-49 81,560; males fit for military service 47,403; males reach military age (18) annually 2,835 (1995 est.) Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $312 million, 6.2% of GDP (1994) | |
From The CIA World Factbook (1995) [world95]: | |
Burma Burma:Geography Location: Southeastern Asia, bordering the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Bangladesh and Thailand Map references: Southeast Asia Area: total area: 678,500 sq km land area: 657,740 sq km comparative area: slightly smaller than Texas Land boundaries: total 5,876 km, Bangladesh 193 km, China 2,185 km, India 1,463 km, Laos 235 km, Thailand 1,800 km Coastline: 1,930 km Maritime claims: contiguous zone: 24 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin exclusive economic zone: 200 nm territorial sea: 12 nm International disputes: none Climate: tropical monsoon; cloudy, rainy, hot, humid summers (southwest monsoon, June to September); less cloudy, scant rainfall, mild temperatures, lower humidity during winter (northeast monsoon, December to April) Terrain: central lowlands ringed by steep, rugged highlands Natural resources: petroleum, timber, tin, antimony, zinc, copper, tungsten, lead, coal, some marble, limestone, precious stones, natural gas Land use: arable land: 15% permanent crops: 1% meadows and pastures: 1% forest and woodland: 49% other: 34% Irrigated land: 10,180 sq km (1989) Environment: current issues: deforestation; industrial pollution of air, soil, and water; inadequate sanitation and water treatment contribute to disease natural hazards: destructive earthquakes and cyclones; flooding and landslides common during rainy season (June to September); periodic droughts international agreements: party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83; signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea Note: strategic location near major Indian Ocean shipping lanes Burma:People Population: 45,103,809 (July 1995 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 36% (female 7,963,544; male 8,285,459) 15-64 years: 60% (female 13,478,211; male 13,404,987) 65 years and over: 4% (female 1,080,922; male 890,686) (July 1995 est.) Population growth rate: 1.84% (1995 est.) Birth rate: 28.02 births/1,000 population (1995 est.) Death rate: 9.63 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.) Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.) Infant mortality rate: 61.6 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 60.47 years male: 58.38 years female: 62.69 years (1995 est.) Total fertility rate: 3.58 children born/woman (1995 est.) Nationality: noun: Burmese (singular and plural) adjective: Burmese Ethnic divisions: Burman 68%, Shan 9%, Karen 7%, Rakhine 4%, Chinese 3%, Mon 2%, Indian 2%, other 5% Religions: Buddhist 89%, Christian 4% (Baptist 3%, Roman Catholic 1%), Muslim 4%, animist beliefs 1%, other 2% Languages: Burmese; minority ethnic groups have their own languages Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.) total population: 81% male: 89% female: 72% Labor force: 16.007 million (1992) by occupation: agriculture 65.2%, industry 14.3%, trade 10.1%, government 6.3%, other 4.1% (FY88/89 est.) Burma:Government Names: conventional long form: Union of Burma conventional short form: Burma local long form: Pyidaungzu Myanma Naingngandaw (translated by the US Government as Union of Myanma and by the Burmese as Union of Myanmar) local short form: Myanma Naingngandaw former: Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma Digraph: BM Type: military regime Capital: Rangoon (regime refers to the capital as Yangon) Administrative divisions: 7 divisions* (yin-mya, singular - yin) and 7 states (pyine-mya, singular - pyine); Chin State, Ayeyarwady*, Bago*, Kachin State, Kayin State, Kayah State, Magway*, Mandalay*, Mon State, Rakhine State, Sagaing*, Shan State, Tanintharyi*, Yangon* Independence: 4 January 1948 (from UK) National holiday: Independence Day, 4 January (1948) Constitution: 3 January 1974 (suspended since 18 September 1988); National Convention started on 9 January 1993 to draft a new constitution; chapter headings and three of 15 sections have been approved Legal system: has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal Executive branch: chief of state and head of government: Chairman of the State Law and Order Restoration Council Gen. THAN SHWE (since 23 April 1992) State Law and Order Restoration Council: military junta which assumed power 18 September 1988 Legislative branch: People's Assembly (Pyithu Hluttaw): election last held 27 May 1990, but Assembly never convened; results - NLD 80%; seats - (485 total) NLD 396, the regime-favored NUP 10, other 79; was dissolved after the coup of 18 September 1988 Judicial branch: limited; remnants of the British-era legal system in place, but there is no guarantee of a fair public trial; the judiciary is not independent of the executive Political parties and leaders: Union Solidarity and Development Association (USDA), THAN AUNG, Secretary; National Unity Party (NUP; proregime), THA KYAW; National League for Democracy (NLD), U AUNG SHWE; and eight other minor legal parties Other political or pressure groups: National Coalition Government of the Union of Burma (NCGUB), headed by the elected prime minister SEIN WIN (consists of individuals legitimately elected to Parliament but not recognized by the military regime; the group fled to a border area and joined with insurgents in December 1990 to form a parallel government; Kachin Independence Army (KIA); United Wa State Army (UWSA); Karen National Union (KNU); several Shan factions, including the Mong Tai Army (MTA); All Burma Student Democratic Front (ABSDF) Member of: AsDB, CCC, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT (nonsignatory user), INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, NAM, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WMO Diplomatic representation in US: chief of mission: Ambassador U THAUNG chancery: 2300 S Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 332-9044, 9045 consulate(s) general: New York US diplomatic representation: chief of mission: (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Marilyn A. MEYERS embassy: 581 Merchant Street, Rangoon (GPO 521) mailing address: American Embassy, Box B, APO AP 96546 telephone: [95] (1) 82055, 82182 (operator assistance required) FAX: [95] (1) 80409 Flag: red with a blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner bearing, all in white, 14 five-pointed stars encircling a cogwheel containing a stalk of rice; the 14 stars represent the 14 administrative divisions Economy Overview: Burma has a mixed economy with about 75% private activity, mainly in agriculture, light industry, and transport, and with about 25% state-controlled activity, mainly in energy, heavy industry, and foreign trade. Government policy in the last six years, 1989-94, has aimed at revitalizing the economy after four decades of tight central planning. Thus, private activity has markedly increased; foreign investment has been encouraged, so far with moderate success; and efforts continue to increase the efficiency of state enterprises. Published estimates of Burma's foreign trade are greatly understated because of the volume of black market trade. A major ongoing problem is the failure to achieve monetary and fiscal stability. Although Burma remains a poor Asian country, its rich resources furnish the potential for substantial long-term increases in income, exports, and living standards. National product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $41.4 billion (1994 est.) National product real growth rate: 6.4% (1994) National product per capita: $930 (1994 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 38% (1994 est.) Unemployment rate: NA% Budget: revenues: $4.4 billion expenditures: $6.7 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY93/94 est.) Exports: $674 million (FY93/94 est.) commodities: pulses and beans, teak, rice, hardwood partners: Singapore, China, Thailand, India, Hong Kong Imports: $1.2 billion (FY93/94 est.) commodities: machinery, transport equipment, chemicals, food products partners: Japan, China, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia External debt: $5.4 billion (FY93/94 est.) Industrial production: growth rate 4.9% (FY92/93 est.); accounts for 10% of GDP Electricity: capacity: 1,100,000 kW production: 2.6 billion kWh consumption per capita: 55 kWh (1993) Industries: agricultural processing; textiles and footwear; wood and wood products; petroleum refining; mining of copper, tin, tungsten, iron; construction materials; pharmaceuticals; fertilizer Agriculture: accounts for 65% of GDP and 65% of employment (including fishing, animal husbandry, and forestry); self-sufficient in food; principal crops - paddy rice, corn, oilseed, sugarcane, pulses; world's largest stand of hardwood trees; rice and timber account for 55% of export revenues Illicit drugs: world's largest illicit producer of opium (2,030 metric tons in 1994 - dropped 21% due to regional drought in 1994) and minor producer of cannabis for the international drug trade; opium production continues to be almost double since the collapse of Rangoon's antinarcotic programs; growing role in amphetamine production for regional consumption Economic aid: recipient: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $158 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $3.9 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $424 million Currency: 1 kyat (K) = 100 pyas Exchange rates: kyats (K) per US$1 - 5.8640 (January 1995), 5.9749 (1994), 6.1570 (1993), 6.1045 (1992), 6.2837 (1991), 6.3386 (1990); unofficial - 120 Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March Burma:Transportation Railroads: total: 3,991 km (3,878 km common carrier lines, 113 km industrial lines) standard gauge: 3,878 km 1.435-m gauge other: 113 km NA-m gauge Highways: total: 27,000 km paved: bituminous 3,200 km unpaved: gravel, improved earth 17,700 km; unimproved earth 6,100 km Inland waterways: 12,800 km; 3,200 km navigable by large commercial vessels Pipelines: crude oil 1,343 km; natural gas 330 km Ports: Bassein, Bhamo, Chauk, Mandalay, Moulmein, Myitkyina, Rangoon, Sittwe, Tavoy Merchant marine: total: 49 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 638,297 GRT/884,492 DWT ships by type: bulk 19, cargo 15, chemical tanker 1, container 2, oil tanker 3, passenger-cargo 3, refrigerated cargo 4, vehicle carrier 2 Airports: total: 80 with paved runways over 3,047 m: 2 with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 10 with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 11 with paved runways under 914 m: 33 with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m: 5 with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 17 Burma:Communications Telephone system: 53,000 telephones (1986); meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government; international service is good local: NA intercity: NA international: 1 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) earth station Radio: broadcast stations: AM 2, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1985) radios: NA note: radiobroadcast coverage is limited to the most populous areas Television: broadcast stations: 1 (1985) televisions: NA Burma:Defense Forces Branches: Army, Navy, Air Force Manpower availability: males age 15-49 11,553,094; females age 15-49 11,463,189; males fit for military service 6,180,091; females fit for military service 6,116,421; males reach military age (18) annually 457,445 (1995 est.); females reach military age (18) annually 441,628 (1995 est.) note: both sexes liable for military service Defense expenditures: $NA, NA% of GDP |