English Dictionary: Algerian dinar | by the DICT Development Group |
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From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Alacrify \A*lac"ri*fy\, v. t. [L. alacer, alacris, lively + -fly.] To rouse to action; to inspirit. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Alacrious \A*lac"ri*ous\, a. [L. alacer, alacris.] Brisk; joyously active; lively. 'T were well if we were a little more alacrious. --Hammond. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Alacriously \A*lac"ri*ous*ly\, adv. With alacrity; briskly. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Alacriousness \A*lac"ri*ous*ness\, n. Alacrity. [Obs.] --Hammond. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Alacrity \A*lac"ri*ty\, n. [L. alacritas, fr. alacer lively, eager, prob. akin to Gr. [?] to drive, Goth. aljan zeal.] A cheerful readiness, willingness, or promptitude; joyous activity; briskness; sprightliness; as, the soldiers advanced with alacrity to meet the enemy. I have not that alacrity of spirit, Nor cheer of mind that I was wont to have. --Shak. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Auk \Auk\, n. [Prov. E. alk; akin to Dan. alke, Icel. & Sw. alka.] (Zo[94]l.) A name given to various species of arctic sea birds of the family {Alcid[91]}. The great auk, now extinct, is {Alca ([or] Plautus) impennis}. The razor-billed auk is {A. torda}. See {Puffin}, {Guillemot}, and {Murre}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
d8Alcarraza \[d8]Al`car*ra"za\, n.; pl. {Alcarrazas}. [Sp., from Ar. al-kurr[be]z earthen vessel.] A vessel of porous earthenware, used for cooling liquids by evaporation from the exterior surface. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
d8Alcornoque \[d8]Al`cor*no"que\, n. [Sp., cork tree.] The bark of several trees, esp. of {Bowdichia virgilioides} of Brazil, used as a remedy for consumption; of {Byrsonima crassifolia}, used in tanning; of {Alchornea latifolia}, used medicinally; or of {Quercus ilex}, the cork tree. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Koran \Ko"ran\ (?; 277), n. [Ar. gor[be]n. See {Alcoran}.] The Scriptures of the Mohammedans, containing the professed revelations to Mohammed; -- called also {Alcoran}. [Written also {Kuran} or {Quran}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Alcoran \Al"co*ran\ (?; 277), n. [alcoran, fr. Ar. al-qor[be]n, orig. the reading, the book, fr. qaraa to read. Cf. {Koran}.] The Mohammedan Scriptures; the Koran (now the usual form). [Spelt also {Alkoran}.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Alcoranic \Al`co*ran"ic\, a. Of or pertaining to the Koran. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Alcoranist \Al`co*ran"ist\, n. One who adheres to the letter of the Koran, rejecting all traditions. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Alegar \Al"e*gar\, n. [Ale + eager sour, F. aigre. Cf. {Vinegar}.] Sour ale; vinegar made of ale. --Cecil. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Aleger \Al"e*ger\, a. [F. all[8a]gre, earlier al[8a]gre, fr. L. alacer.] Gay; cheerful; sprightly. [Obs.] --Bacon. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Carob \Car"ob\, n. [Cf. F. caroube fruit of the carob tree, Sp. garrobo, al-garrobo, carob tree, fr. Ar. kharr[d4]b, Per. Kharn[d4]b. Cf. {Clgaroba}.] 1. (Bot.) An evergreen leguminous tree ({Ceratania Siliqua}) found in the countries bordering the Mediterranean; the St. John's bread; -- called also {carob tree}. 2. One of the long, sweet, succulent, pods of the carob tree, which are used as food for animals and sometimes eaten by man; -- called also {St. John's bread}, {carob bean}, and {algaroba bean}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Algarot \Al"ga*rot\, Algaroth \Al"ga*roth\, n. [F. algaroth, fr. the name of the inventor, Algarotti.] (Med.) A term used for the Powder of Algaroth, a white powder which is a compound of trichloride and trioxide of antimony. It was formerly used in medicine as an emetic, purgative, and diaphoretic. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Algarot \Al"ga*rot\, Algaroth \Al"ga*roth\, n. [F. algaroth, fr. the name of the inventor, Algarotti.] (Med.) A term used for the Powder of Algaroth, a white powder which is a compound of trichloride and trioxide of antimony. It was formerly used in medicine as an emetic, purgative, and diaphoretic. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Algerian \Al*ge"ri*an\, a. Of or pertaining to Algeria. -- n. A native of Algeria. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Algerine \Al`ge*rine"\, a. Of or pertaining to Algiers or Algeria. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Algerine \Al`ge*rine"\, n. A native or one of the people of Algiers or Algeria. Also, a pirate. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Algorism \Al"go*rism\, Algorithm \Al"go*rithm\, n. [OE. algorism, algrim, augrim, OF. algorisme, F. algorithme (cf. Sp. algoritmo, OSp. alguarismo, LL. algorismus), fr. the Ar. al-Khow[be]rezm[c6] of Khow[be]rezm, the modern Khiwa, surname of Abu Ja'far Mohammed ben Mus[be], author of a work on arithmetic early in the 9th century, which was translated into Latin, such books bearing the name algorismus. The spelling with th is due to a supposed connection with Gr. [?] number.] 1. The art of calculating by nine figures and zero. 2. The art of calculating with any species of notation; as, the algorithms of fractions, proportions, surds, etc. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Algorism \Al"go*rism\, Algorithm \Al"go*rithm\, n. [OE. algorism, algrim, augrim, OF. algorisme, F. algorithme (cf. Sp. algoritmo, OSp. alguarismo, LL. algorismus), fr. the Ar. al-Khow[be]rezm[c6] of Khow[be]rezm, the modern Khiwa, surname of Abu Ja'far Mohammed ben Mus[be], author of a work on arithmetic early in the 9th century, which was translated into Latin, such books bearing the name algorismus. The spelling with th is due to a supposed connection with Gr. [?] number.] 1. The art of calculating by nine figures and zero. 2. The art of calculating with any species of notation; as, the algorithms of fractions, proportions, surds, etc. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Aligerous \A*lig"er*ous\, a. [L. aliger; ala wing + gerere to carry.] Having wings; winged. [R.] | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Alizarin \A*liz"a*rin\, n. [F. alizarine, fr. alizari.] (Chem.) A coloring principle, {C14H6O2(OH)2}, found in madder, and now produced artificially from anthracene. It produces the Turkish reds. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Alkargen \Al*kar"gen\, n. [Alkarsin + oxygen.] (Chem.) Same as {Cacodylic acid}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cacodylic \Cac`o*dyl"ic\, a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, cacodyl. {Cacodylic acid}, a white, crystalline, deliquescent substance, {(CH3)2AsO.OH}, obtained by the oxidation of cacodyl, and having the properties of an exceedingly stable acid; -- also called {alkargen}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Alkargen \Al*kar"gen\, n. [Alkarsin + oxygen.] (Chem.) Same as {Cacodylic acid}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Cacodylic \Cac`o*dyl"ic\, a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, cacodyl. {Cacodylic acid}, a white, crystalline, deliquescent substance, {(CH3)2AsO.OH}, obtained by the oxidation of cacodyl, and having the properties of an exceedingly stable acid; -- also called {alkargen}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Alkarsin \Al*kar"sin\, n. [Alkali + arsenic + -in.] (Chem.) A spontaneously inflammable liquid, having a repulsive odor, and consisting of cacodyl and its oxidation products; -- called also {Cadel's fuming liquid}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Alkermes \Al*ker"mes\, n. [Ar. al-qirmiz kermes. See {Kermes}.] (Old Pharmacy) A compound cordial, in the form of a confection, deriving its name from the kermes insect, its principal ingredient. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Alkoran \Al"ko*ran\ (?; 277), n. The Mohammedan Scriptures. Same as {Alcoran} and {Koran}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Alkoranic \Al`ko*ran"ic\, a. Same as {Alcoranic}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Alkoranist \Al`ko*ran"ist\, n. Same as {Alcoranist}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Grist \Grist\, n. [AS. grist, fr. grindan. See {Grind}.] 1. Ground corn; that which is ground at one time; as much grain as is carried to the mill at one time, or the meal it produces. Get grist to the mill to have plenty in store. --Tusser. Q. 2. Supply; provision. --Swift. 3. In rope making, a given size of rope, common grist being a rope three inches in circumference, with twenty yarns in each of the three strands. --Knight. {All is grist that comes to his mill}, all that he has anything to do with is a source of profit. [Colloq.] {To bring grist to the maill}, to bring profitable business into one's hands; to be a source of profit. [Colloq.] --Ayliffe. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Allecret \Al"le*cret\, n. [OF. alecret, halecret, hallecret.] A kind of light armor used in the sixteenth century, esp. by the Swiss. --Fairholt. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Alleger \Al*leg"er\, n. One who affirms or declares. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Allegoric \Al`le*gor"ic\, Allegorical \Al`le*gor"ic*al\, a. [F. all[82]gorique, L. allegorius, fr. Gr. [?]. See {Allegory}.] Belonging to, or consisting of, allegory; of the nature of an allegory; describing by resemblances; figurative. [bd]An allegoric tale.[b8] --Falconer. [bd]An allegorical application.[b8] --Pope. Allegorical being . . . that kind of language which says one thing, but means another. --Max Miller. {Al`le*gor"ic*al*ly}, adv. -- {Al`le*gor"ic*al*ness}, n. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Allegoric \Al`le*gor"ic\, Allegorical \Al`le*gor"ic*al\, a. [F. all[82]gorique, L. allegorius, fr. Gr. [?]. See {Allegory}.] Belonging to, or consisting of, allegory; of the nature of an allegory; describing by resemblances; figurative. [bd]An allegoric tale.[b8] --Falconer. [bd]An allegorical application.[b8] --Pope. Allegorical being . . . that kind of language which says one thing, but means another. --Max Miller. {Al`le*gor"ic*al*ly}, adv. -- {Al`le*gor"ic*al*ness}, n. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Allegoric \Al`le*gor"ic\, Allegorical \Al`le*gor"ic*al\, a. [F. all[82]gorique, L. allegorius, fr. Gr. [?]. See {Allegory}.] Belonging to, or consisting of, allegory; of the nature of an allegory; describing by resemblances; figurative. [bd]An allegoric tale.[b8] --Falconer. [bd]An allegorical application.[b8] --Pope. Allegorical being . . . that kind of language which says one thing, but means another. --Max Miller. {Al`le*gor"ic*al*ly}, adv. -- {Al`le*gor"ic*al*ness}, n. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Allegoric \Al`le*gor"ic\, Allegorical \Al`le*gor"ic*al\, a. [F. all[82]gorique, L. allegorius, fr. Gr. [?]. See {Allegory}.] Belonging to, or consisting of, allegory; of the nature of an allegory; describing by resemblances; figurative. [bd]An allegoric tale.[b8] --Falconer. [bd]An allegorical application.[b8] --Pope. Allegorical being . . . that kind of language which says one thing, but means another. --Max Miller. {Al`le*gor"ic*al*ly}, adv. -- {Al`le*gor"ic*al*ness}, n. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Allegory \Al"le*go*ry\, n.; pl. {Allegories}. [L. allegoria, Gr. [?], description of one thing under the image of another; [?] other + [?] to speak in the assembly, harangue, [?] place of assembly, fr. [?] to assemble: cf. F. all[82]gorie.] 1. A figurative sentence or discourse, in which the principal subject is described by another subject resembling it in its properties and circumstances. The real subject is thus kept out of view, and we are left to collect the intentions of the writer or speaker by the resemblance of the secondary to the primary subject. 2. Anything which represents by suggestive resemblance; an emblem. 3. (Paint. & Sculpt.) A figure representation which has a meaning beyond notion directly conveyed by the object painted or sculptured. Syn: Metaphor; fable. Usage: {Allegory}, {Parable}. [bd]An allegory differs both from fable and parable, in that the properties of persons are fictitiously represented as attached to things, to which they are as it were transferred. . . . A figure of Peace and Victory crowning some historical personage is an allegory. [bd]I am the Vine, ye are the branches[b8] [--John xv. 1-6] is a spoken allegory. In the parable there is no transference of properties. The parable of the sower [--Matt. xiii. 3-23] represents all things as according to their proper nature. In the allegory quoted above the properties of the vine and the relation of the branches are transferred to the person of Christ and His apostles and disciples.[b8] --C. J. Smith. Note: An allegory is a prolonged metaphor. Bunyan's [bd]Pilgrim's Progress[b8] and Spenser's [bd]Fa[89]rie Queene[b8] are celebrated examples of the allegory. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Allegorist \Al"le*go*rist\, n. [Cf. F. allegoriste.] One who allegorizes; a writer of allegory. --Hume. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Allegorization \Al`le*gor"i*za"tion\, n. The act of turning into allegory, or of understanding in an allegorical sense. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Allegorize \Al"le*go*rize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Allegorized}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Allegorizing}.] [Cf. F. all[82]goriser, fr. L. allegorizare.] 1. To form or turn into allegory; as, to allegorize the history of a people. 2. To treat as allegorical; to understand in an allegorical sense; as, when a passage in a writer may understood literally or figuratively, he who gives it a figurative sense is said to allegorize it. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Allegorize \Al"le*go*rize\, v. t. To use allegory. --Holland. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Allegorize \Al"le*go*rize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Allegorized}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Allegorizing}.] [Cf. F. all[82]goriser, fr. L. allegorizare.] 1. To form or turn into allegory; as, to allegorize the history of a people. 2. To treat as allegorical; to understand in an allegorical sense; as, when a passage in a writer may understood literally or figuratively, he who gives it a figurative sense is said to allegorize it. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Allegorizer \Al"le*go*ri`zer\, n. One who allegorizes, or turns things into allegory; an allegorist. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Allegorize \Al"le*go*rize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Allegorized}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Allegorizing}.] [Cf. F. all[82]goriser, fr. L. allegorizare.] 1. To form or turn into allegory; as, to allegorize the history of a people. 2. To treat as allegorical; to understand in an allegorical sense; as, when a passage in a writer may understood literally or figuratively, he who gives it a figurative sense is said to allegorize it. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Allegory \Al"le*go*ry\, n.; pl. {Allegories}. [L. allegoria, Gr. [?], description of one thing under the image of another; [?] other + [?] to speak in the assembly, harangue, [?] place of assembly, fr. [?] to assemble: cf. F. all[82]gorie.] 1. A figurative sentence or discourse, in which the principal subject is described by another subject resembling it in its properties and circumstances. The real subject is thus kept out of view, and we are left to collect the intentions of the writer or speaker by the resemblance of the secondary to the primary subject. 2. Anything which represents by suggestive resemblance; an emblem. 3. (Paint. & Sculpt.) A figure representation which has a meaning beyond notion directly conveyed by the object painted or sculptured. Syn: Metaphor; fable. Usage: {Allegory}, {Parable}. [bd]An allegory differs both from fable and parable, in that the properties of persons are fictitiously represented as attached to things, to which they are as it were transferred. . . . A figure of Peace and Victory crowning some historical personage is an allegory. [bd]I am the Vine, ye are the branches[b8] [--John xv. 1-6] is a spoken allegory. In the parable there is no transference of properties. The parable of the sower [--Matt. xiii. 3-23] represents all things as according to their proper nature. In the allegory quoted above the properties of the vine and the relation of the branches are transferred to the person of Christ and His apostles and disciples.[b8] --C. J. Smith. Note: An allegory is a prolonged metaphor. Bunyan's [bd]Pilgrim's Progress[b8] and Spenser's [bd]Fa[89]rie Queene[b8] are celebrated examples of the allegory. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
d8Moderato \[d8]Mod`e*ra"to\, a. & adv. [It. See {Moderate}.] (Mus.) With a moderate degree of quickness; moderately. {Allegro moderato}, a little slower than allegro. {Andante moderato}, a little faster than andante. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Allochroic \Al`lo*chro"ic\, a. Changeable in color. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Allochroite \Al*loch"ro*ite\, n. (Min.) See {Garnet}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Allochroous \Al*loch"ro*ous\, a. [Gr. [?] changed in color, fr. [?] other + [?] color.] Changing color. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Allograph \Al"lo*graph\, n. [Gr. [?] another + -graph.] A writing or signature made by some person other than any of the parties thereto; -- opposed to {autograph}. | |
From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) [web1913]: | |
Allusory \Al*lu"so*ry\, a. Allusive. [R.] --Warburton. | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Alcorn County, MS (county, FIPS 3) Location: 34.87738 N, 88.57632 W Population (1990): 31722 (13704 housing units) Area: 1035.9 sq km (land), 3.7 sq km (water) | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Alger, MI Zip code(s): 48610 Alger, OH (village, FIPS 1210) Location: 40.70951 N, 83.84458 W Population (1990): 864 (330 housing units) Area: 0.7 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water) Zip code(s): 45812 | |
From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]: | |
Alger County, MI (county, FIPS 3) Location: 47.16044 N, 86.48418 W Population (1990): 8972 (5775 housing units) Area: 2377.5 sq km (land), 10687.4 sq km (water) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
ALCOR [Sammet 1969, p. 180]. (1995-04-18) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
algorithim (1997-02-25) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
algorithm perform to accomplish some task. Named after an Iranian mathematician, Al-Khawarizmi. Technically, an algorithm must reach a result after a {finite} number of steps, thus ruling out {brute force} search methods for certain problems, though some might claim that brute force search was also a valid (generic) algorithm. The term is also used loosely for any sequence of actions (which may or may not terminate). {Paul E. Black's Dictionary of Algorithms, Data Structures, and Problems (http://www.nist.gov/dads/)}. (2002-02-05) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
ALgorithm DEScription ALDES", R.G.K. Loos, SIGSAM Bull 14(1):15-39 (Jan 1976)]. (1995-04-19) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
ALgorIthmic ASsembly language ALIAS was implemented in {BCPL} for the {PDP-9}. ["ALIAS", H.E. Barreveld, Int Rep, Math Dept, Delft U Tech, Netherlands, 1973]. (1997-03-13) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Algorithmic Language {Algol 60} | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Algorithmic Model mathematical {algorithms} based on the parameters which are considered to be the major cost drivers. These estimate of effort or cost are based primarily on the size of the software or {Delivered Source Instructions} (DSI)s, and other productivity factors known as {Cost Driver Attributes}. See also {Parametric Model}. (1996-05-28) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Algorithmic Processor Description Language computer design, for the {CDC G-21}. ["The Description, Simulation, and Automatic Implementation of Digital Computer Processors", J.A. Darringer, Ph.D Thesis EE Dept, CMU May 1969]. (1995-11-26) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Algorithmic Test Case Generation cases from data, logical relationships or other software {requirements} information. (1996-05-10) | |
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (15Feb98) [foldoc]: | |
Allegro release due in mid-1998. {(http://devworld.apple.com/mkt/informed/appledirections/mar97/roadmap.html)}. (1997-10-15) | |
From Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary [easton]: | |
Allegory used only in Gal. 4:24, where the apostle refers to the history of Isaac the free-born, and Ishmael the slave-born, and makes use of it allegorically. Every parable is an allegory. Nathan (2 Sam. 12:1-4) addresses David in an allegorical narrative. In the eightieth Psalm there is a beautiful allegory: "Thou broughtest a vine out of Egypt," etc. In Eccl. 12:2-6, there is a striking allegorical description of old age. | |
From The CIA World Factbook (1995) [world95]: | |
Algeria Algeria:Geography Location: Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Morocco and Tunisia Map references: Africa Area: total area: 2,381,740 sq km land area: 2,381,740 sq km comparative area: slightly less than 3.5 times the size of Texas Land boundaries: total 6,343 km, Libya 982 km, Mali 1,376 km, Mauritania 463 km, Morocco 1,559 km, Niger 956 km, Tunisia 965 km, Western Sahara 42 km Coastline: 998 km Maritime claims: exclusive fishing zone: 32-52 nm territorial sea: 12 nm International disputes: Libya claims part of southeastern Algeria; land boundary dispute with Tunisia settled in 1993 Climate: arid to semiarid; mild, wet winters with hot, dry summers along coast; drier with cold winters and hot summers on high plateau; sirocco is a hot, dust/sand-laden wind especially common in summer Terrain: mostly high plateau and desert; some mountains; narrow, discontinuous coastal plain Natural resources: petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, phosphates, uranium, lead, zinc Land use: arable land: 3% permanent crops: 0% meadows and pastures: 13% forest and woodland: 2% other: 82% Irrigated land: 3,360 sq km (1989 est.) Environment: current issues: soil erosion from overgrazing and other poor farming practices; desertification; dumping of raw sewage, petroleum refining wastes, and other industrial effluents is leading to the pollution of rivers and coastal waters; Mediterranean Sea, in particular, becoming polluted from oil wastes, soil erosion, and fertilizer runoff; inadequate supplies of potable water natural hazards: mountainous areas subject to severe earthquakes; mudslides international agreements: party to - Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands; signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban Note: second-largest country in Africa (after Sudan) Algeria:People Population: 28,539,321 (July 1995 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 41% (female 5,678,879; male 5,885,246) 15-64 years: 56% (female 7,887,885; male 8,033,508) 65 years and over: 3% (female 557,636; male 496,167) (July 1995 est.) Population growth rate: 2.25% (1995 est.) Birth rate: 29.02 births/1,000 population (1995 est.) Death rate: 6.05 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.) Net migration rate: -0.49 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.) Infant mortality rate: 50.3 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 68.01 years male: 66.94 years female: 69.13 years (1995 est.) Total fertility rate: 3.7 children born/woman (1995 est.) Nationality: noun: Algerian(s) adjective: Algerian Ethnic divisions: Arab-Berber 99%, European less than 1% Religions: Sunni Muslim (state religion) 99%, Christian and Jewish 1% Languages: Arabic (official), French, Berber dialects Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.) total population: 57% male: 70% female: 46% Labor force: 6.2 million (1992 est.) by occupation: government 29.5%, agriculture 22%, construction and public works 16.2%, industry 13.6%, commerce and services 13.5%, transportation and communication 5.2% (1989) Algeria:Government Names: conventional long form: Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria conventional short form: Algeria local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Jaza'iriyah ad Dimuqratiyah ash Shabiyah local short form: Al Jaza'ir Digraph: AG Type: republic Capital: Algiers Administrative divisions: 48 provinces (wilayas, singular - wilaya); Adrar, Ain Defla, Ain Temouchent, Alger, Annaba, Batna, Bechar, Bejaia, Biskra, Blida, Bordj Bou Arreridj, Bouira, Boumerdes, Chlef, Constantine, Djelfa, El Bayadh, El Oued, El Tarf, Ghardaia, Guelma, Illizi, Jijel, Khenchela, Laghouat, Mascara, Medea, Mila, Mostaganem, M'Sila, Naama, Oran, Ouargla, Oum el Bouaghi, Relizane, Saida, Setif, Sidi Bel Abbes, Skikda, Souk Ahras, Tamanghasset, Tebessa, Tiaret, Tindouf, Tipaza, Tissemsilt, Tizi Ouzou, Tlemcen Independence: 5 July 1962 (from France) National holiday: Anniversary of the Revolution, 1 November (1954) Constitution: 19 November 1976, effective 22 November 1976; revised 3 November 1988 and 23 February 1989 Legal system: socialist, based on French and Islamic law; judicial review of legislative acts in ad hoc Constitutional Council composed of various public officials, including several Supreme Court justices; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal Executive branch: chief of state: President Lamine ZEROUAL (since 31 January 1994); next election to be held by the end of 1995 head of government: Prime Minister Mokdad SIFI (since 11 April 1994) cabinet: Council of Ministers; appointed by the prime minister Legislative branch: unicameral; note - suspended since 1992 National People's Assembly (Al-Majlis Ech-Chaabi Al-Watani): elections first round held on 26 December 1991 (second round canceled by the military after President BENDJEDID resigned 11 January 1992, effectively suspending the Assembly); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (281 total); the fundamentalist FIS won 188 of the 231 seats contested in the first round; note - elections (provincial and municipal) were held in June 1990, the first in Algerian history; results - FIS 55%, FLN 27.5%, other 17.5%, with 65% of the voters participating Judicial branch: Supreme Court (Cour Supreme) Political parties and leaders: Islamic Salvation Front (FIS, outlawed April 1992), Ali BELHADJ, Dr. Abassi MADANI, Abdelkader HACHANI (all under arrest), Rabeh KEBIR (self-exile in Germany); National Liberation Front (FLN), Abdelhamid MEHRI, Secretary General; Socialist Forces Front (FFS), Hocine Ait AHMED, Secretary General note: the government established a multiparty system in September 1989 and, as of 31 December 1990, over 50 legal parties existed Member of: ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, AMU, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-15, G-19, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OAU, OIC, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIH, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO Diplomatic representation in US: chief of mission: Ambassador Osmane BENCHERIF chancery: 2118 Kalorama Road NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 265-2800 US diplomatic representation: chief of mission: Ambassador Ronald E. NEUMANN embassy: 4 Chemin Cheikh Bachir El-Ibrahimi, Algiers mailing address: B. P. Box 549, Alger-Gare, 16000 Algiers telephone: [213] (2) 69-11-86, 69-18-54, 69-38-75 FAX: [213] (2) 69-39-79 consulate(s): none (Oran closed June 1993) Flag: two equal vertical bands of green (hoist side) and white with a red five-pointed star within a red crescent; the crescent, star, and color green are traditional symbols of Islam (the state religion) Economy Overview: The hydrocarbons sector is the backbone of the economy, accounting for roughly 57% of government revenues, 25% of GDP, and almost all export earnings; Algeria has the fifth largest reserves of natural gas in the world and ranks fourteenth for oil. Algiers' efforts to reform one of the most centrally planned economies in the Arab world began after the 1986 collapse of world oil prices plunged the country into a severe recession. In 1989, the government launched a comprehensive, IMF-supported program to achieve macroeconomic stabilization and to introduce market mechanisms into the economy. Despite substantial progress toward macroeconomic adjustment, in 1992 the reform drive stalled as Algiers became embroiled in political turmoil. In September 1993, a new government was formed, and one priority was the resumption and acceleration of the structural adjustment process. Buffeted by the slump in world oil prices and burdened with a heavy foreign debt, Algiers concluded a one-year standby arrangement with the IMF in April 1994. National product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $97.1 billion (1994 est.) National product real growth rate: 0.2% (1994 est.) National product per capita: $3,480 (1994 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 30% (1994 est.) Unemployment rate: 30% (1994 est.) Budget: revenues: $14.3 billion expenditures: $17.9 billion (1995 est.) Exports: $9.1 billion (f.o.b., 1994) commodities: petroleum and natural gas 97% partners: Italy 21%, France 16%, US 14%, Germany 13%, Spain 9% Imports: $9.2 billion (f.o.b., 1994 est.) commodities: capital goods 39.7%, food and beverages 21.7%, consumer goods 11.8% (1990) partners: France 29%, Italy 14%, Spain 9%, US 9%, Germany 7% External debt: $26 billion (1994) Industrial production: growth rate NA%; accounts for 35% of GDP (including hydrocarbons) Electricity: capacity: 5,370,000 kW production: 18.3 billion kWh consumption per capita: 587 kWh (1993) Industries: petroleum, light industries, natural gas, mining, electrical, petrochemical, food processing Agriculture: accounts for 12% of GDP (1993) and employs 22% of labor force; products- wheat, barley, oats, grapes, olives, citrus, fruits, sheep, cattle; net importer of food - grain, vegetable oil, sugar Economic aid: recipient: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-85), $1.4 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $925 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $1.8 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $2.7 billion; net official disbursements (1985-89), $375 million Currency: 1 Algerian dinar (DA) = 100 centimes Exchange rates: Algerian dinars (DA) per US$1 - 42.710 (January 1995), 35.059 (1994), 23.345 (1993), 21.836 (1992), 18.473 (1991), 8.958 (1990) Fiscal year: calendar year Algeria:Transportation Railroads: total: 4,733 km standard gauge: 3,576 km 1.435-m gauge (299 km electrified; 215 km double track) narrow gauge: 1,157 km 1.055-m gauge Highways: total: 95,576 km paved: concrete, bituminous 57,346 km unpaved: gravel, crushed stone, earth 38,230 km Pipelines: crude oil 6,612 km; petroleum products 298 km; natural gas 2,948 km Ports: Algiers, Annaba, Arzew, Bejaia, Beni Saf, Dellys, Djendjene, Ghazaouet, Jijel, Mostaganem, Oran, Skikda, Tenes Merchant marine: total: 75 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 903,179 GRT/1,064,211 DWT ships by type: bulk 9, cargo 27, chemical tanker 7, liquefied gas tanker 9, oil tanker 5, roll-on/roll-off cargo 12, short-sea passenger 5, specialized tanker 1 Airports: total: 139 with paved runways over 3,047 m: 9 with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 23 with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 14 with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 5 with paved runways under 914 m: 20 with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m: 24 with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 41 Algeria:Communications Telephone system: 822,000 telephones; excellent domestic and international service in the north, sparse in the south local: NA intercity: 12 domestic satellite links; 20 additional satellite links are planned international: 5 submarine cables; microwave radio relay to Italy, France, Spain, Morocco, and Tunisia; coaxial cable to Morocco and Tunisia; 2 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), 1 Intersputnik, 1 ARABSAT earth station Radio: broadcast stations: AM 26, FM 0, shortwave 0 radios: 5.2 million Television: broadcast stations: 18 televisions: 1.6 million Algeria:Defense Forces Branches: National Popular Army, Navy, Air Force, Territorial Air Defense, National Gendarmerie Manpower availability: males age 15-49 7,124,894; males fit for military service 4,373,272; males reach military age (19) annually 313,707 (1995 est.) Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $1.3 billion, 2.7% of GDP (1994) |